CN105206449B - Make the apparatus and method and current limliting arrangement of the current interruption of transmission line of electricity or distribution line - Google Patents
Make the apparatus and method and current limliting arrangement of the current interruption of transmission line of electricity or distribution line Download PDFInfo
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- CN105206449B CN105206449B CN201510645982.4A CN201510645982A CN105206449B CN 105206449 B CN105206449 B CN 105206449B CN 201510645982 A CN201510645982 A CN 201510645982A CN 105206449 B CN105206449 B CN 105206449B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/548—Electromechanical and static switch connected in series
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
- H01H2009/543—Contacts shunted by static switch means third parallel branch comprising an energy absorber, e.g. MOV, PTC, Zener
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
- H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
Abstract
Flowing through the device (13) of the current interruption of transmission line of electricity or distribution line (14) includes being connected in parallel for main circuit breaker (8) and nonlinear resistor (11), and wherein main circuit breaker (8) includes at least one power semiconductor switch of first sense of current.Device (13) also includes wherein including the speed-sensitive switch (10) of at least one mechanical switch and being connected in series for auxiliary circuit breaker (9), auxiliary circuit breaker (9) has smaller conducting resistance compared to main circuit breaker (8), and includes at least one power semiconductor switch (1) of first sense of current (4).This, which is connected in series, is parallel-connected to this and is connected in parallel.In the method first by device (13), disconnect auxiliary circuit breaker (9), thus by current transformation to main circuit breaker (8), hereafter speed-sensitive switch (10) is disconnected, and main circuit breaker (8) is hereafter disconnected, thus by current transformation to nonlinear resistor (11).Device (13) can also use in current limliting arrangement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device for the current interruption for flowing through transmission line of electricity or distribution line, including main circuit breaker and
Nonlinear resistor is connected in parallel, and main circuit breaker includes at least one power semiconductor switch of first sense of current.In addition,
The present invention relates to a kind of method using the device, the wherein device is connected connection with transmission line of electricity or distribution line.The present invention
A kind of current limliting arrangement is further related to, including at least two said apparatus.
Background technology
Initially, high voltage DC circuit breaker, the i.e. neck of switching device of the current interruption that can flow through transmission line of electricity are relevant to
Domain carries out the present invention, and wherein circuit is in the voltage level higher than 50kV.But present invention is equally applicable to for middle pressure DC
The breaker of distribution, the DC voltage range being used between about 1kV and 50kV, and some embodiments of the present invention even can
The breaker of the AC transmission and disttrbutions for any voltage level is applied to, is described below.
In the B1 of EP 0867998, propose to connect using at least one power semiconductor switch and the in parallel of surge current divider
Fetch the electric current interrupted by HVDC (HVDC) network.Its based on thinking be to provide solid-state DC breakers, solid-state DC breaks
Road device is quickly reacted more than commonly known mechanical DC breaker to trip signal, and thus in the case of reduction failure
The risk of destructive high current is formed in the hvdc network.
In practice it appeared, however, that solid-state DC breakers, can make DC electric current open circuit and including at least one power semiconductor
The breaker of switch is lost without for HVDC transmission systems due to the high current of this kind of breaker.This is due to following thing
It is real：On the one hand the relatively low specified electricity of high working voltage and single power semiconductor switch of existing market sale on the other hand
Pressure to need solid-state DC breakers by the fairly large number of power semiconductor switch being connected in series to build.This quantity exists
It is readily able to reach hundreds of in the case of hundreds of kV HVDC voltage levels.During the normal operating of HVDC transmission systems, DC
Breaker and thus its whole power semiconductor switch will turn on, so that power semiconductor switch should by continuous current
Power.Caused steady-state loss reaches between the 0.2 and 0.3% of the energy transmitted by DC breakers.It is being suitable for 640kV
Line voltage and 2kA standard rated current solid-state DC breakers in the case of, these steady-state losses are equal to 3MW, and this is up to
The loss of 640kV known HVDC power converters it is only about half of.These losses are during the service life of solid circuit breaker
Cause notable cost, particularly use many solid circuit breakers in DC power grid applications in the future for example with some DC switch yards
In the case of.
In the B1 of EP 1377995, there is provided a kind of mechanical switch, the mechanical switch are especially suitable in parallel with solid circuit breaker
Use, to reduce the steady-state loss of breaker.Mechanical switch has the multiple trip points for being serially connected setting, these trip points
Simultaneously and compared with other machinery switchs at full speed, i.e. operated within about 1ms time range.When solid-state is broken
When road device is in closure state, mechanical switch also closes and conducts electric current, and the power semiconductor of breaker is no electricity
Stream and be thus loss-free.If open-circuit operation will be performed, mechanical switch is disconnected first so that is commutated the current to
Breaker, and hereafter cut-off breaker.
This arrangement has two major defects.On the one hand, mechanical switch actively makes current interruption, to be transformed to
Solid circuit breaker.This causes electric arc, and electric arc occurs at the trip point of switch and causes the premature abrasion of corresponding contact, thus
Maintenance switch is only just required after switching manipulation several times.On the other hand, it is noted that mechanical switch is estimated for 12-36kV's
Voltage range.Accordingly for hundreds of kV high-voltage applications, being connected in series for multiple mechanical switch will be necessary.In order to true
Protect voltage and be distributed evenly in the switch being connected in series, situation about being slightly different especially for service speed between switch,
It is required that the capacitor being connected in parallel.This considerably increases equipment cost.
It is an object of the invention to find a kind of alternatives for HVDC breakers, week is to reduce power half
The steady-state loss of conductor switch, while the shortcomings that avoid above in association with described in the B1 of EP 1377995.
This purpose is realized by following apparatus and method.
According to the present invention, in addition to being connected in parallel known to main circuit breaker and nonlinear resistor, wherein main circuit breaker
At least one power semiconductor switch including first sense of current-(also referred to as tripper) to flow through transmission line of electricity or
The device of the current interruption of distribution line also includes the speed-sensitive switch and auxiliary circuit breaker for wherein including at least one mechanical switch
Be connected in series, wherein being connected in series and being connected in parallel.Auxiliary circuit breaker has smaller compared to main circuit breaker
Conducting resistance, and at least one power semiconductor switch including first sense of current.Term " conducting resistance " refers to
Flow through the resistance of the electric current for the power semiconductor switch being switched on.In other words, auxiliary circuit breaker has lower compared to main circuit breaker
Electric conduction pressure drop.
It is recommended that as follows come use according to the present invention device：The device will be with passing through transmission line of electricity or distribution wire
Road, be preferably that the current path of HVDC transmission line is connected in series, and under normal operation, the auxiliary circuit breaker of device and
Speed-sensitive switch will close, and this means that corresponding power semiconductor switch will be connected for auxiliary circuit breaker.It is being again off aiding in
Appropriate time point before breaker, close main circuit breaker, i.e. its semiconductor switch is connected.If it is disconnected hereafter to receive auxiliary
Road device cut-off signal, then disconnect auxiliary circuit breaker, thus by current transformation to main circuit breaker, then, disconnects speed-sensitive switch, and
It is last to disconnect main circuit breaker if receiving main circuit breaker cut-off signal.Therefore, electric current commutates from main circuit breaker
(commutate over) arrives nonlinear resistor, wherein reducing current level and limiting voltage.Become from this method
Obtain obviously, it is necessary to which speed-sensitive switch separates auxiliary circuit breaker with circuit, to prevent that full voltage is applied into auxiliary breaks
Road device.
Especially for high voltage DC application, especially have according to device of the invention and the device application method proposed
There are following advantages：
- steady-state loss reduces, because in the normal operation period, electric current is no longer flow through main circuit breaker, but flows through as several
Completely without loss mechanical switch speed-sensitive switch, and flow through compared to main circuit breaker have lower conducting resistance and
Thus there is the auxiliary circuit breaker of lower electric conduction pressure drop.Because the steady-state loss of main circuit breaker disappears, so main circuit breaker
There is no the tendency of thermal overload so that is no longer required for the active cooling of main circuit breaker.For auxiliary circuit breaker, it is preferred that with
Main circuit breaker is compared, and electric conduction pressure drop is much smaller, is thus lost much smaller so that any place does not require active cooling herein.
- in order to which main circuit breaker will be commutated the current to, be no longer mechanical switch must interruptive current first, but be changed to solid-state
Auxiliary circuit breaker.Correspondingly, no longer existing because of the problem of abrasion of mechanical contact caused by electric arc, this reduces maintenance workload,
And increase the reliability and service life of overall tripper.Correspondingly, speed-sensitive switch be fast operating disconnecting switch just
It is enough.
- full electricity is only just subjected to during the finite time section after the conversion to nonlinear resistor due to main circuit breaker
Pressure, so become possible to add other power semiconductor switch in being connected in series of main circuit breaker, it is reliable to ensure
Voltage's distribiuting, without increasing total losses.
- response to failure in one of its power semiconductor switch is relevant to, further simplify the design of main circuit breaker.
Some known power semiconductor switch rush, it is specified that inoperable switch is from, dynamic short circuit, to allow another redundant power partly to lead
Body switch adapter operation.But this short circuit failure mode actually can be unstable mode, its stability is only able to ensure that
Finite time section.Pass through proposed device, the feelings of redundant power semiconductor switch are may each comprise in main and/or auxiliary circuit breaker
Under condition, this no longer brings problem for main circuit breaker, because main circuit breaker is only just in full operation in very short time section so that no
It is required that optimal short circuit failure mode.
On-main circuit breaker and thus the voltage and current stress on its power semiconductor switch is substantially reduced, by
This reduces the fault rate of power semiconductor switch and increases the reliability of main circuit breaker.
- in the case of high voltage, not only include mechanical switch but also including being connected in series in speed-sensitive switch
In the case of several mechanical switch, no longer turn into problem across the problem of even voltage distribution of series-connected switches, because in nothing
Speed-sensitive switch is disconnected under electric current and no-voltage situation.Therefore, the capacitor that need not will be connected in parallel, this is greatly reduced into
This.
In a preferred embodiment of device, main circuit breaker compared to auxiliary circuit breaker there is higher rated voltage to block
Ability.This can for example realize by providing the switch at least one power semiconductor switch that be used as main circuit breaker, the switch
Voltage blocking capability with hundreds of kV, while the voltage blocking capability of at least one semiconductor switch of auxiliary circuit breaker is in
Only several kV.Realize that the another possibility in terms of this is by different types of power semiconductor switch, for example, at least one
IGBT (igbt) is used for main circuit breaker, and by least one MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field-effects
Transistor) it is used for auxiliary circuit breaker, because being MOSFET inherent characteristic with the voltage cutout ability smaller than IGBT.It can make
Other types of power semiconductor switch is IGCT (integrated gate commutated thyristor) or GTO (gate electrode capable of switching off crystalline substance locks
Pipe).It should be noted that described all these types belong to the power semiconductor switch group with the ability that turns on and off.
In a particular development of this embodiment, at least two series connection that main circuit breaker includes first sense of current connect
The power semiconductor switch connect, auxiliary circuit breaker include first sense of current, have and opened with the power semiconductor of main circuit breaker
At least one power semiconductor switch of identical voltage blocking capability is closed, and main circuit breaker wraps all the time compared to auxiliary circuit breaker
Include greater amount of power semiconductor switch.
This embodiment is connected particularly suitable for wherein voltage level requirements main circuit breaker by the series connection of power semiconductor switch
Fetch the high voltage application of structure.For auxiliary circuit breaker, using the power semiconductor switch of identical type, but due to auxiliary
Breaker is helped to be resistant to full voltage, so several power semiconductor switch being connected in series are required nothing more than, substantially at 1 and at most
Between 10.For hundreds of kV high voltage applications, include the series connection of up to hundreds of power semiconductor switch in main circuit breaker
In the case of connection, the difference of the conducting resistance between main circuit breaker and auxiliary circuit breaker becomes quite big, because disconnected for aiding in
Road device, still only need one or several power semiconductor switch.Compared with above-mentioned the 0.2 to 0.3% of main circuit breaker, auxiliary is disconnected
The steady-state loss of road device, which is estimated as reaching in this case, is as little as less than the 0.002% of the energy transmitted by device.Phase
On redundant power semiconductor switch and to the above-mentioned design problem of the response of failure in one of semiconductor switch according to this
Correlation is only only for auxiliary circuit breaker in the device of invention, wherein electric current for good and all flows through auxiliary in normal operation condition
Breaker.But due to only needing several power semiconductor switch for auxiliary circuit breaker, so for example by by one or two
The reliable redundancy solution that individual redundant power semiconductor switch and at least one power semiconductor switch are connected in series into
Originally can keep relatively low.
In a preferred embodiment using the method for described device, generate and send main circuit breaker cut-off signal it
Previous existence into send auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal.The generation of auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal and main circuit breaker cut-off signal and hair
Sending can be performed by one or more different sensings and/or guard block, these parts monitoring transmission line of electricity and/or such as
The state of other electric devices of electric power converter, transformer, other trippers or other circuit etc, and in failure
In the case of wiring or wirelessly to device send cut-off signal.In the alternative, one or two cut-off signal can
It is internal in a device to generate, depending on the sensing result and/or protection signal that are received from outside sensing and/or guard block,
It means that cut-off signal not necessarily physically can send and receive via the data communication bus inside device, and
It is that also internally can be expressed simply as variable in memory.In the latter case, these variables are read from memory
The process of any one variable will be understood as receiving corresponding cut-off signal.
Generate and be the advantages of sending auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal, this function before main circuit breaker cut-off signal
The response that device is judged actual open circuit is improved available for by disconnecting auxiliary circuit breaker before finally breaking judgement is carried out
Speed.In fact, before carrying out breaking judgement and sending main circuit breaker cut-off signal, it is necessary to which processing is from separate sources
State and sensing signal are to determine whether to actually occur the guard block needs for the failure for requiring to make the current interruption in circuit
Up to several milliseconds.Known breaker responds after the time point when receiving this main circuit breaker cut-off signal, i.e. has
It is possible that auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal is also only sent after open circuit judges to be carried out.By according to this embodiment
Method, also auxiliary circuit breaker and speed-sensitive switch will preferably be in open circuit and judge by already off before carrying out so as to disconnected
The response time that road judges just is reduced to the extremely short turn-off time of the main circuit breaker of only several microseconds, because electric current previously
Transform to main circuit breaker.Correspondingly, it is able to carry out only spending the current interruption action that is exceedingly fast of several microseconds, is based on without known
The shortcomings that solution of solid circuit breaker.
For example, in one of embodiment such as method, can be in transmission line of electricity or distribution line more than first
Auxiliary circuit breaker is disconnected after current limitation.For current known breaker, corresponding cut-off signal is not more than current limitation
It is immediately generated, but is only just generated after the further processing and assessment of measurement afterwards.As described above, this further processing
Take up to several milliseconds.In contrast, in this embodiment, immediately more than generating after the first current limitation, send and most
Auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal is received in terminating, and because auxiliary circuit breaker can be disconnected within several microseconds, electric current is super
The number microsecond crossed after the limit has transformed to main circuit breaker.Therefore, can be before actual switch-off main circuit breaker it is unique when
Between limiting factor be speed-sensitive switch turn-off time, this for it is currently available switch be about 1ms.But as noted previously, as
The generation of main circuit breaker cut-off signal spends at least 1ms in itself, thus according to the present invention device with known separate solid DC
Main circuit breaker cut-off signal is responded in the roughly the same short time period of breaker, while avoids its problem.
First current limitation can for example be defined as the rated thermal current of slightly above transmission line of electricity or distribution line, Huo Zhelve
Higher than the rated thermal current for the converter station for being connected to circuit.Auxiliary circuit breaker disconnection and main open circuit will be commutated the current to
During device, if it is temporary transient and not as caused by failure that electric current, which rises, because the change of the condition of environment causes
Certain reduction of current level can occur.If hereafter main circuit breaker cut-off signal is because of previous critical state of appearance
(formerly critical looing situation) is relaxed without generating, then as an attendant advantages, this reality
Applying example helps to protect transmission line of electricity or distribution line from thermal stress.
In another embodiment of method, when have passed through first time period from being disconnected auxiliary circuit breaker, disconnect high
Speed switch.This time is preferably chosen as being long enough to make auxiliary circuit breaker have enough time to be fully disconnected, but is sufficiently short to
Do not waste any time, i.e. if auxiliary circuit breaker is known as needing about 10 microseconds to disconnect, first time period may be selected
For 20 microseconds.
In the first alternative, when electric current is more than the second current limitation, speed-sensitive switch is disconnected.Second current limitation
Advantageously greater than the first current limitation, because in fault conditions, the stable rising of electric current in circuit, until main circuit breaker is final
Disconnect and by circuit and fault reconstruction.
In the second alternative, when receiving indicator current and successfully transforming to the signal of main circuit breaker, disconnect
Speed-sensitive switch.
As previously described, in some cases, even if auxiliary circuit breaker and speed-sensitive switch are already off, main circuit breaker disconnects
Signal may not be generated and not received thus.This can for example be attributed to by short-term interference and cause but do not have tight
The transient current increase of weight result.In such cases, propose, checked disconnected from auxiliary is disconnected in one embodiment of method
Main circuit breaker cut-off signal whether is not received by within the second time period that road device rises.It is high after by second time period
Speed switch and auxiliary circuit breaker close again, enabling continue normal operating.
Main circuit breaker cut-off signal is slowly formed event without what reception was also attributable to not to be immediately recognized equally
Barrier.Therefore, propose in another development of above-described embodiment, still connect after the closure of speed-sensitive switch and auxiliary circuit breaker
In the case of receiving or receiving auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal again, auxiliary circuit breaker is again off first, hereafter at a high speed
Switch off, and hereafter, if receiving main circuit breaker cut-off signal, disconnect main circuit breaker.Disconnect and closure auxiliary is disconnected
The step of road device and speed-sensitive switch, can repeat, until eventually receiving main circuit breaker cut-off signal, or in alternative side
Other auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal is not received by case.
According to a specific embodiments, the so-called on-line monitoring of performs device.Under normal operation, main circuit breaker is in nothing
Current status, this makes it possible to that its existing at least one power semiconductor switch and any other power can be tested
The operability of semiconductor element, such as fly-wheel diode.Break according at least to no auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal and main circuit breaker
ON signal identifies the fact that normal operating condition is present, but certainly other sensor information can be used for determining that time point is
It is no to be adapted for carrying out this on-line monitoring.After being successfully tested of main circuit breaker, main circuit breaker can be after further processing
Close immediately or later.It is characterized by, main circuit breaker closes before auxiliary circuit breaker will disconnect at the latest.
In addition to the test of main circuit breaker, auxiliary circuit breaker can be also set to enter no current shape in normal operation condition
State, to be tested.Method according to the on-line monitoring for auxiliary circuit breaker of embodiment comprises the following steps：
- auxiliary circuit breaker is disconnected, thus by current transformation to main circuit breaker,
- speed-sensitive switch is hereafter disconnected, the operability of speed-sensitive switch is thus tested,
- hereafter if the operability of at least one power semiconductor switch of test auxiliary circuit breaker and presence auxiliary are disconnected
The operability of at least one fly-wheel diode of auxiliary circuit breaker is also tested if at least one fly-wheel diode of road device,
- after a successful test, speed-sensitive switch and auxiliary circuit breaker are closed again.
By above-mentioned on-line monitoring, all switch elements, i.e. main circuit breaker, the auxiliary circuit breaker of tripper can be tested
With the operability of speed-sensitive switch, the normal operating of transmission line of electricity is connected without disturbing.This on-line monitoring is for conventional
Breaker is impossible, because them can not be made to be currentless in the case of no interruptive current.It also means that nothing
Method persistently ensures the operability of conventional breaker, because monitored off-line is only performed once in a while due to actual cause.Therefore, if
The last time of this breaker occurs before being maintained in some time, then whether do not know breaker actually can be as expected
It is operated, until breaker actually puts into operation, to make current interruption in fault conditions.It is this unsatisfactory
Situation is greatly improved by tripper described here, because it can be by follow-on test, and because its is operable
Property with high reliability thus, it is possible to be ensured.
Apparatus and method described here can be advantageously used in a kind of at least one other dress including identical type
In the arrangement put, such as switch yard.Lead to if the other device is connected to transmission line of electricity or distribution line identical electric current
Road, then other device can be used as so-called back-up breaker, i.e. disconnected in the case of as can not be disconnected in primitive apparatus
Tripper.The present invention provides the advantage that：Make primitive apparatus enter operation when, but detect primitive apparatus failure it
Before, other device can activated in advance.In a specific embodiments of method, auxiliary is being received for primitive apparatus
Following additional step is performed after breaker cut-off signal：The auxiliary circuit breaker in other device is disconnected first, is hereafter disconnected
Speed-sensitive switch in other device, then check whether the electric current in primitive apparatus successfully transforms to nonlinear resistor,
And if it is not, then break main circuit breaker in other device.Otherwise, if in primitive apparatus, electric current success
Ground transforms to nonlinear resistor, then the speed-sensitive switch in other device and auxiliary circuit breaker close again.It is previously active standby
Be with the advantages of this mode of tripper, in the case of original tripper is out of order by switch yard remove failure it
The preceding period shorten to simply sensing and/or guard block generation main circuit breaker cut-off signal needed for time add until most
The time that original tripper can not disconnect is recognized eventually.Then, the main circuit breaker of standby tripper only needs its several microsecond
To make current interruption, i.e. compared with the remainder of time be the insignificant period.Due to the shorter period, so therefore
Barrier electric current ratio interrupts earlier for conventional tripper, i.e. the fault current level being finally reached is smaller.Therefore, it is such as electric
The optional equipment of the switch yard of anti-device and arrester group (arrestor banks) etc can determine size with small-scale,
So as to cause cost to reduce.
Apparatus and method described here can also be advantageously used in current limliting arrangement, and wherein current limliting arrangement includes at least two
It is individual to be connected in series with each other and the device with being connected in series by the current path of transmission line of electricity or distribution line.In current path
In electric current exceed the overcurrent limit in the case of, operate the first certain amount of device at least two device, make
Corresponding nonlinear resistor must be commutated the current to, thus reduces electric current.Using term " operation ", to represent one of above method
For then disconnecting auxiliary circuit breaker first, being then turned off speed-sensitive switch and finally disconnecting corresponding main circuit breaker.From EP
The general principle of this current limliting arrangement known to 0867998 B1, but arrangement therein, which uses, has the above-mentioned of the problem of high loss
Separate solid DC breakers.When using according to device of the invention, this problem is overcome.
One alternative of current limliting arrangement includes
At least two of-main circuit breaker and nonlinear resistor are connected in parallel, and wherein these are connected in parallel the company of being serially connected
Connect, and wherein these main circuit breakers respectively open by least one power semiconductor including the identical one or more sense of current
Close, and
- speed-sensitive switch and auxiliary circuit breaker are connected in series, and wherein speed-sensitive switch includes at least one mechanical switch, and
Wherein auxiliary circuit breaker has a smaller conducting resistance compared to main circuit breaker any one, and including with main circuit breaker at least
At least one power semiconductor switch of one power semiconductor switch identical one or more sense of current,
- wherein this be connected in series and be connected in parallel with least two.
Correspondingly, with above-mentioned current limliting arrangement only difference is that, speed-sensitive switch and auxiliary circuit breaker are connected in series in
Here only exist once, and in above-mentioned arrangement, the number with main circuit breaker and nonlinear resistor as much be present in it.
With the current limliting of a speed-sensitive switch and auxiliary circuit breaker arrangement function with multiple speed-sensitive switches and auxiliary
The arrangement of breaker is identical.Correspondingly, the arrangement is suitable for disconnecting an auxiliary circuit breaker first, is then turned off a high speed and opens
Close, and hereafter disconnect the first certain amount of main circuit breaker so that by the electric current of speed-sensitive switch and auxiliary circuit breaker first
The first certain amount of main circuit breaker is commutated to, and then commutates to corresponding nonlinear resistor, wherein in the arrangement and its
Electric current in the transmission line of electricity or the current path of distribution line that are connected in series performs this in the case of exceeding the overcurrent limit
Conversion.
According to one embodiment, the first specific quantity is determined according to the degree more than the overcurrent limit, and preferably,
First specific quantity is determined to reduce the electric current with so that it is re-lowered to less than the overcurrent limit and at least at certain
The individual period is maintained at predetermined current level.
Respectively using at least two above-mentioned trippers or main circuit breaker and nonlinear resistor in current limliting arrangement
The advantages of being connected in parallel is as follows.Electric current be maintained at predefined level and correspondingly without the further up period actually
It is the gain of the algorithm of sensing and/or guard block.Algorithm makes this additional period section be used to assess fault state and be actually
No presence.Therefore, it is possible to provide higher precision and reliability for the final judgement that whether needs to be interrupted on electric current so that keep away
Exempt from unnecessary current interruptions.In addition, because limiting current level, the main circuit breaker of current limliting arrangement and thus one
Individual or multiple power semiconductor switch only need to be rated for smaller breaking current, and this greatly reduces cost.
Interruptive current path electric current judgement finally by the algorithm of sensing and/or guard block come situation about carrying out
Under, two current limliting arrangements both function as tripper in itself.It that case, what the wherein corresponding main circuit breaker of operation still closed
Remaining all tripper are connected in parallel so that all nonlinear resistances that the current transformation in current path is arranged to current limliting
Device, thus make the current interruption in current path.
Above-mentioned two current limliting arrangement can limit electric current, as long as the heat energy in its nonlinear resistor does not become too high.
According to one embodiment, the heat energy in nonlinear resistor corresponding with having disconnected main circuit breaker is monitored, and
When it exceedes predefined first energy limit, main circuit breaker is disconnected and has closed again, and operated its main circuit breaker and previously closed
Identical first certain amount of at least two device or at least two be connected in parallel and thereby turn off its corresponding main open circuit
Device.
This can repeat, until current limliting arrangement nonlinear resistor it is at least one in heat energy exceed it is predefined
Second energy limit.If that situation occurs, the judgement of the electric current in complete interruptive current path is under any circumstance all
It must carry out, and it is unrelated with the intermediate result of sensing and/or the algorithm of guard block.
The different piece for the main circuit breaker that current limliting is arranged, corresponding nonlinear resistance are disconnected and close by an alternating manner
The increase of the increase of heat energy in device and thus its current stress is more uniformly distributed between nonlinear resistor so that every
The current stress of individual individually nonlinear resistor keeps longer time section within tolerable limit.Correspondingly, because more than the second energy
The amount limit and the necessity of interrupting the electric current in transmission line is occurring later on, thus further extend available for sensing and/or
The time of the algorithm of guard block.
In the further development of embodiment, at least one nonlinear resistor of current limliting arrangement is determined until all non-
The current stress of linear resistor, and for example take the current level for flowing through nonlinear resistor to be multiplied it with the corresponding period
Form that product, each opening operation for corresponding main circuit breaker are summed or take will with the form of the temperature curve of time
Current stress is stored in storage arrangement.According to current stress, corresponding nonlinear resistor can be determined to be expected to use the longevity
Life, and this information can be used in the over-over mode of the main circuit breaker of adapting operation current-limiting components, it is at least one to increase
Nonlinear resistor is until the estimated service life of whole nonlinear resistors.
In addition to the second energy limit, another upper limit that clear and definite current interruption judges is caused to be that while at current limliting arrangement
Also increase and reach when being defined as being capable of the maximum current level of open circuit by the main circuit breaker of current limliting arrangement in movable electric current
Situation.
In a specific embodiments, it is first in off-position in transmission line of electricity or distribution line or is pre-charged first
To with will be coupled in power supply state and the circuit at least one other circuit at least one other transmission line of electricity or
In the case of the different voltage level of distribution line, current limliting arranges the wave for that will can occur in transmission line of electricity or distribution line
Gush current limit and arrange connected current path to current limliting.Illustrate the embodiment below for deenergizing circuit, but it
It may be equally applied to be pre-charged to the circuit of different voltage levels.
Surge current occurs because of the additional capacitor added suddenly via previous deenergizing circuit, and it can become high
To the disconnection immediately for make it that previous deenergizing circuit can be again led to.In current practice, resistor is previously inserted using so-called,
The resistor is temporarily connected in series with previous deenergizing circuit and limit inrush currents.According to this specific embodiments, current limliting cloth
The function that adapter is previously inserted resistor is put, thus reduces cost.It is at least one transmission line of electricity or distribution line are coupled to
Before supply line, current limliting arrangement is off.Tripper described here or the term of current limliting arrangement " disconnect shape
State " is it is meant that all auxiliary and main circuit breaker and all speed-sensitive switches of that device or arrangement disconnect.
During deenergizing circuit is coupled at least one supply line, a part for the main circuit breaker of current limliting arrangement is closed
Close, and another part of main circuit breaker and one or more speed-sensitive switches and one or more auxiliary circuit breakers remain it is disconnected
Open.After successfully coupling, another part of main circuit breaker, one or more speed-sensitive switches and one or more backup shutdouns
Device closes, the current transformation during thus current limliting is arranged to one or more speed-sensitive switches and one or more backup shutdouns
Device.After successful transformation, main circuit breaker can be again off, until next time one or more auxiliary circuit breakers disconnect.It is main disconnected
The part selection that will be closed first in the device of road is the fully quantity as much needed for limit inrush currents so that avoids elder generation
The disconnection of preceding deenergizing circuit.
Also propose the additional embodiment of device in itself.In one embodiment of device, main circuit breaker and/or backup shutdoun
Device includes at least one power semiconductor switch being connected in parallel with least one power semiconductor switch of first sense of current.
This embodiment is adapted to the rated current for increasing respective circuit breakers, wherein, herein, breaking current level is relevant to determine to lead
The size of breaker, and the grade of continuous current transmission is relevant to determine the size of auxiliary circuit breaker.This embodiment
One advantage is that the increase of continuous current transmission is only possible with minimum cost, because auxiliary current breaker only includes
One extremely several power semiconductor switch, its smallest number must be doubled.Further it is necessary to the size for adjusting speed-sensitive switch determines.
In only having the former stand-alone solution of tripper of a solid-state main circuit breaker, the increase of continuous current transmission is drawn
Much costly release unit is played, because hundreds of power semiconductor switch must be increased up in parallel.Another
Advantage is, compared with being relevant to the shared stand-alone solution of electric current, can simplify the design of main circuit breaker, because electric current is only
Main circuit breaker is flowed through in the extremely short period between the conversion of auxiliary circuit breaker and the disconnection of main circuit breaker so that parallel connection branch
The uneven electric current distribution of possibility between road only shortly occurs.
In another embodiment of device, main circuit breaker and auxiliary circuit breaker are included with first sense of current at least
One power semiconductor switch is connected in parallel and at least one power semiconductor switch with second sense of current.Pass through this
Individual embodiment, the device turn into the two-way device for being suitable for interrupting first sense of current and the second opposite sense of current.Phase
The power semiconductor switch being mutually connected in parallel can be each switch for individually switching or being integrated in same semiconductor packages.
Known in the art, power semiconductor switch can respectively be provided with the fly-wheel diode being connected with to inductive switch inverse parallel.
It that case, the alternative of two-way device is proposed to be used in main circuit breaker and has in auxiliary circuit breaker second
At least one power half that opposite current flow direction and first sense of current at least one power semiconductor switch is connected in series
Conductor switchs, wherein at least one power semiconductor switch of second sense of current is also connected with fly-wheel diode inverse parallel.
Brief description of the drawings
Illustrate that the present invention and embodiment, accompanying drawing include now with reference to accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 shows the first example of the primary element of solid circuit breaker,
Fig. 2 shows the device of one embodiment of the present of invention,
Fig. 3 shows the second example of the primary element of solid circuit breaker,
Fig. 4 shows to take one embodiment of the device of two-way device form,
Fig. 5 shows the 3rd example of the primary element of solid circuit breaker,
Fig. 6 shows the first embodiment of the switch yard of connection HVDC converter and four DC transmission lines of electricity,
Fig. 7 shows interacting between Fig. 2 device and apparatus control portion part and switch yard control unit,
Fig. 8 shows the timing sequence of the step of one embodiment according to the method for the present invention,
Fig. 9 shows the timing sequence for operating tripper and standby tripper,
Figure 10 shows the first embodiment of current limliting arrangement,
Figure 11 shows the second embodiment of current limliting arrangement,
Figure 12 shows to connect the second embodiment of the switch yard of HVDC converter and four DC transmission lines of electricity.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the first primary element 6 of the solid circuit breaker for being used in embodiments of the invention, and wherein solid-state is broken
Road device is the main circuit breaker and auxiliary circuit breaker being further illustrated below.First primary element 6 includes the work(of first sense of current 4
Rate semiconductor switch 1 and the fly-wheel diode 2 being connected with the inverse parallel of power semiconductor switch 1.
The first primary element 6 is used in one embodiment of the device according to the present invention shown in Fig. 2.Fig. 2 open circuit
Device 13 is suitable for the high-voltage applications of 50kV and the above, can make the current interruption for being up to about 10kA, and with power transmission line 14
It is connected in series.Power transmission line 14 is preferably HVDC power transmission lines.Tripper 13 includes：Main circuit breaker 8, comprising dozens of until
Hundreds of primary elements 6 are connected in series ,-depend on voltage level-；Nonlinear resistor 11, is parallel-connected to main circuit breaker
8；And speed-sensitive switch 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 9 are connected in series, main circuit breaker 8 and nonlinear resistor 11 are parallel-connected to.
Auxiliary circuit breaker 9 includes a primary element 6.Speed-sensitive switch 11 is shown as a mechanical switch, but in this illustration, it
It is made up of being connected in series at least two mechanical switch operated simultaneously.Reactor 12 is placed in series with tripper 13 to be used for
Current rate limits.From Fig. 2 it is understood that tripper 13, which can be interrupted along first sense of current 4, flows only through transmission line of electricity 14
Electric current.Correspondingly, it is not suitable for use in AC tie breakers, but it can be used as starting from substantially 1kV and quota
(rating) until the DC electric current breaker of the big voltage range of 1000kV and the above, i.e. it can be in distribution and transmission of electricity two
Used in field.
In Fig. 3, it can be seen that for the second primary element 7 of solid circuit breaker, it includes the power of first sense of current 4
The power semiconductor switch 3 of the opposite current flow direction 5 of semiconductor switch 1 and second is connected in parallel.
The second primary element 7 is used in one embodiment of the device according to the present invention shown in Fig. 4.Fig. 4 open circuit
Device 17 is two-way tripper, because it can make in transmission line of electricity 14 along first sense of current 4 and second sense of current 5
Current interruption.The Design and Features of two-way tripper 16 are similar to tripper 13 in other side, i.e. it is suitable for identical
Voltage and current scope, and it includes identical element, wherein only difference is that, main circuit breaker 15 and auxiliary circuit breaker
16, which include the second primary element 7, replaces the first primary element 6.Further, since tripper 17 is two-way tripper, so it
It can be used as two-way DC electric current breaker, i.e. DC breakers as first sense of current 4 and second sense of current 5 and be used as
AC tie breakers.
It is able to understand how that the tripper according to the present invention can be operated in case of a fault from Fig. 8.It will use unidirectional
Tripper 13 illustrates this method as example, but it may be equally applied to two-way tripper, such as tripper 17.
In the x-axis of Fig. 8 coordinate system, time t is shown with millisecond, and on the y axis, the electric current I by transmission line of electricity 14 is shown.
Moment t1Before, main circuit breaker 8 and auxiliary circuit breaker 9 and speed-sensitive switch 10 close, wherein auxiliary circuit breaker 9 and speed-sensitive switch
10 close all the time during the normal operating of transmission line of electricity 14, and main circuit breaker 8 for example can performed its it is functional certain
Just closed after kind on-line monitoring.Rated current IrateSpeed-sensitive switch 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 9 are flowed through, and main circuit breaker 8 is
It is currentless.In moment t1, line fault occurs in transmission line of electricity 14, and this causes electric current I from rated current IrateStart continuous
Increase.It is moment t in this illustration1T at the time of 1ms afterwards2, more than the specified thermoelectricity for being set slightly above transmission line of electricity 14
First current limitation I of streamlim, so as to cause to be immediately generated auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal and by auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal
It is sent to auxiliary circuit breaker 9.Auxiliary circuit breaker 9 receives auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal, and is instantaneously disconnected within several microseconds,
Thus by electric current IlimTransform to main circuit breaker 8.From the transmission of auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal, first time period is waited, until
Auxiliary circuit breaker clearly disconnects.If such as auxiliary circuit breaker usually requires 10 μ s to disconnect, first time period can select
For 20 μ s.Due to this first time period compared with the ms scopes shown in Fig. 8 it is very short, so being not shown.By the very first time
After section, speed-sensitive switch 10 disconnects, and this will spend slightly above 1ms in this illustration so that speed-sensitive switch 10 is in moment t3Most
It is off eventually.Moment t5Show that the algorithm in sensing and/or guard block is carried out and main open circuit in open circuit judgement
Device cut-off signal is generated and is sent to the knot of the maximum time interval needed for the various input signals of pre-treatment of main circuit breaker 8
Beam.From moment t1The failure at place is to moment t5This maximum time interval calculated is about 4ms in this illustration.At this
Individual maximum moment t5, electric current reached main circuit breaker be defined as be capable of open circuit maximum current level IBmax, i.e. at that
Time point, main circuit breaker cut-off signal will all be generated in any situation and be sent to main circuit breaker 8.But sensing and/or
Algorithm in guard block can be after failure has occurred and that any moment, i.e. in t1Any time point afterwards produces simultaneously
And send main circuit breaker cut-off signal.In this illustration, main circuit breaker cut-off signal by main circuit breaker 8 in moment t4To connect
Receive.If signal is alternatively in speed-sensitive switch in moment t3It is already off before can use, or until in speed-sensitive switch in moment t3
It is already off just to can use, then moment t4And t3Mark identical time point, i.e. this method is directly in moment t3Continue, carry out below
Description.Main circuit breaker 8 instantaneously disconnects within several microseconds so that is disconnected in main circuit breaker 8 and current transformation is to non-linear electricity
In moment t at the time of during resistance device 114It is very close so that can not show in fig. 8 afterwards.In that moment t4 current through line 14
And thus flow through the current level I of main circuit breakerBreakIt is the current level that main circuit breaker herein actually must be breaking.By
To being concerned with noticing that voltage surge may be when main circuit breaker disconnects.Because the caused voltage level that increased is applied
Speed-sensitive switch is added to, so it will be designed accordingly and quota.
It may be noted that in general, any ultrafast Operation switch is used as auxiliary circuit breaker.The main think of of the present invention
Road is, in parallel with main circuit breaker be connected in series, auxiliary circuit breaker adapter switch has increased current level IlimAnd conversion
(current level I is increased to main circuit breakerlimStill it is far below actual breaking current IBreak) task, and be resistant to overall height voltage
The task of level is fulfiled by mechanical high-speed switch.It is assumed that it can such as fulfil ultrafast with solid-state auxiliary circuit breaker identical function
Mechanical switch is changed into available, i.e. ultrafast switch can make such as 2kA electric current within the very short time section for being significantly less than 1ms
Level IlimOpen circuit, and tolerable such as 2kV same voltage level.It that case, auxiliary circuit breaker is also likely to be machine
Tool switchs, instead of solid-state switch.
In Fig. 5, the 3rd primary element 19 is shown, it includes the power semiconductor switch 1 of first sense of current and opposite
The power semiconductor switch 3 of second sense of current is connected in series.Each power semiconductor switch has inverse parallel connection respectively
Fly-wheel diode 2 and 18.Primary element 19 is used to represent the two-way tripper being arranged in switch yard 20 in figure 6, wherein
Two-way tripper with the two-way identical element of tripper 17 by building, wherein only difference is that main circuit breaker and auxiliary
Breaker includes the 3rd primary element 19 and replaces the second primary element 7.Due to tripper 17 and by the 3rd primary element
The general utility functions of tripper constructed by 19 are identicals, thus they can be used for identical voltage and current scope and
DC, two-way DC or AC current interruptions application.
Fig. 6 switch yard is by here depicted as the voltage source converter including the power semiconductor switch with turn-off capacity
HVDC converter 30 is connected with four DC transmission lines of electricity 26-29 of DC power networks.It is assumed that line fault is sent out in DC transmission lines of electricity 28
It is raw.It that case, tripper 22 and 21 will have to be off, so as to which circuit 28 and other circuits 26,27 and 29 are disconnected
Connection, and thus the remainder with DC power networks disconnects.On rare occasions, it may occur however that tripper can not disconnect
Situation.In order to remain able to disconnect circuit more as DC power networks with faulty line 28, defined in switch yard
So-called back-up breaker or standby tripper, they will disconnect when original tripper corresponding to it can not disconnect.
In Fig. 6 example, it is assumed that tripper 22 is out of order in tripper 21 while successfully disconnects.For tripper 21
Back-up breaker is tripper 23 and 24.In this illustration, it is necessary to two back-up breakers, because the electricity of transmission line of electricity 28
Logical circulation road is divided into two paths in switch yard 20, and one passes through tripper 24, and another passes through tripper 23.Now
Begin by reference picture 9 and by using Kaiyuan of being passed judgement for the example of original tripper 21 and standby tripper 23,24 disconnected
The sequential of standby tripper is then turned off after the device of road.
The x-axis of Fig. 9 coordinate system shows that time t, and y-axis show the electric current I by transmission line of electricity 28 with millisecond again.
In moment t1Before, advocate peace auxiliary circuit breaker and the speed-sensitive switch closure of tripper 21,23 and 24；It is disconnected that electric current flows through auxiliary
Road device and speed-sensitive switch, while main circuit breaker is currentless.By each tripper 21,22,23 and 24 electric current it is independent
Level is distributed by the electric current inside switch yard to determine.In moment t1, line fault occurs in transmission line of electricity 28, and this causes
Electric current I is from rated current IrateStart to increase continuously.This increased current fed switch yard, and thus it is fed to DC power networks
Remainder, this is prevented by disconnecting tripper 21 and 22.But as previously described, tripper 22 will not be entered
One step considers, as it is assumed that its tripping action is successful.In moment t2, more than the specified heat for being located slightly above transmission line of electricity 28
First current limitation I of electric currentlim, believe so as to cause instantaneously to generate auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal and disconnect auxiliary circuit breaker
Number it is sent to the auxiliary circuit breaker of original tripper 21 and standby tripper 23,24.Auxiliary circuit breaker receives backup shutdoun
Device cut-off signal, and instantaneously disconnected within several microseconds, thus by its corresponding current transformation to its corresponding main circuit breaker.As
Through being relevant to described in Fig. 8, from the transmission of auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal, for every in three trippers 21,23 and 24
Individual tripper waits first time period, until estimated corresponding auxiliary circuit breaker breaks before corresponding speed-sensitive switch is also disconnected
Open.The speed-sensitive switch of tripper 21,23 and 24 is in moment t3It is all off.In this illustration, open circuit judge by sensing and/
Or guard block is carried out, and main circuit breaker cut-off signal is in moment t4It is generated and is sent to original tripper 21
Main circuit breaker, main circuit breaker should receive the signal and instantaneously respond.But the main circuit breaker of tripper 21 can not
Disconnect, and correspondingly, without current transformation to corresponding nonlinear resistor.The fact that in moment t5It is identified, moment t5
With main circuit breaker because reaching I in this exampleBmaxAnd overlapped at the time of have to be off at the latest.Main circuit breaker cut-off signal immediately by
Generate and be sent to the main circuit breaker of standby tripper 23 and 24, they will instantaneously disconnect.Therefore, in t5 breaker event
The identification of barrier with t6One or more standby trippers disconnection between response time only by until back-up breaker
Main circuit breaker disconnect before when m- this be herein it is extremely short-determine.However, with t5With t6Between slightly amplify when
Between section show, to illustrate in moment t6The current level reached is equal to the maximum electricity that main circuit breaker is defined as being capable of open circuit
Flow level IBmaxPlus standby surplus Imarg, i.e. the main circuit breaker of Fig. 6 tripper has actually been designed to make this
Increase maximum current level (IBmax+Imarg) open circuit.
In Fig. 7, a kind of arrangement is shown, for illustrating tripper 13, apparatus control portion part 36 and switch yard control unit
The example of possible interaction between 38, wherein it is assumed that its of tripper 13 and the switch yard that is controlled by switch yard control unit 38
Its tripper part is equally good.Switch yard control unit 38 has the higher level control from the power network belonging to transmission line of electricity 14
Make and protect one or more signals 37 of system and by the current measurement signal that current sensor 32 is carried out as input
Signal.Current sensor 32 transmits the measurement of the current level in transmission line of electricity 14.According to these input signals, switch yard control
Part 38 show that the one or more on the tripper in corresponding switch yard is the judgement for closing or disconnecting again.Switch
The output signal 37 of field control unit 38 is destined to apparatus control portion part 36 and indicates the letter that tripper 13 will disconnect
Number, it is meant that it will be interrupted by the electric current of tripper 13, and original tripper or conduct will be used as with device 13
Standby tripper disconnects unrelated.From apparatus control portion part 36, following information back is given to switch yard control unit：Signal 34,
Instruction tripper 13 be arranged to and thus, it is possible to before actual open circuit judges by current transformation to its main circuit breaker 8；With
And signal 35, instruction tripper 13 are out of order, i.e. electric current may not transform to nonlinear resistor 11.Signal 34 notifies
Switch yard control unit 38 on the extremely short response time be it is possible and can correspondingly adjust control and protection algorism.
In addition to signal 33, the other input signal to apparatus control portion part 36 is that the electric current of current sensor 32 is surveyed
Measure the current indicating signal of signal and current indicator 25 and 31.The indicator current of current indicator 25 whether there is in opening at a high speed
In the branch road of pass 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 9, and the indicator current of other current indicators 31 whether there is in nonlinear resistor
In 11 branch road.Current indicator 25 and 31 need not carry out actual current measurement；But if they can be to existing electric current
The problem of provide " Yes/No " answer, it is just enough.As described in being previously relevant to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, apparatus control portion part 36 is for referring to
Show in transmission line of electricity 14 more than the first current limitation IlimThe current measurement of current sensor 32 respond, and generation is auxiliary
Help breaker cut-off signal, and auxiliary circuit breaker 9 sent it to via connection 41, and with from switch yard control unit 38
Input signal 33 it is unrelated.Hereafter, passed when have passed through first time period or in the first alternative when from electric current
When the measurement of sensor 32 is more than the second current limitation or in the second alternative when the indicator current of current indicator 25 into
When transforming to main circuit breaker 8 work(, no longer electric current be present in the branch road of speed-sensitive switch 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 9, letter is disconnected
Number 39 it is sent to speed-sensitive switch 10 via connection.
Once hereafter input signal 33 indicates the electric current that tripper 13 will be interrupted in transmission line of electricity 14, apparatus control portion part
36 just generation main circuit breaker cut-off signals, and main circuit breaker 8 is sent it to via connection 40.In switch yard control unit 38
Using tripper 13 as original breaker to operate when, with using tripper 13 as back-up breaker come the situation phase that operates
Than, input signal 33 by early time interval (t5-t4) reach (referring to Fig. 9).After main circuit breaker cut-off signal 40 is issued,
Apparatus control portion part 36 monitors the signal from current indicator 31.It is if predetermined after main circuit breaker cut-off signal is sent
Instruction of the electric current successful transformation to nonlinear resistor 11 is not received by after the adopted period, then apparatus control portion part 36 is to opening
Close field control unit 38 and send signal 35, to notify its failure on tripper 13 so that switch yard control unit 38
The standby tripper of device 13 can be activated.
If alternatively disconnect after the disconnection of speed-sensitive switch 10 or in auxiliary circuit breaker and have passed through such as 100ms afterwards
The apparatus control portion part 36 of second time period-during this period not yet received via signal 33 will on the electric current in circuit 14
Any information interrupted, then apparatus control portion part 36 39 and 41 sent out respectively to speed-sensitive switch 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 9 via connection
Go out closure signal.If thereafter from current sensor 32 measurement still or again above the first current limitation, again
Start whole process.
Figure 10 shows that the first embodiment of current limliting arrangement, and Figure 11 show its second embodiment.Current limliting cloth in Figure 10
42 the first primary elements 6 based on Fig. 1 are put, and therefore Unidirectional flow-limiting device can be used as to operate.Current limliting arrangement 42 includes
Some trippers 13 are connected in series, and are connected in series with transmission line of electricity 44 and with current-limiting reactor 12.Figure 11 limit
Threeth primary element 19 of the flow arrangement 43 based on Fig. 5, and therefore bidirectional current limiting device can be used as to operate.Arrangement 43 includes
The main circuit breaker 45 for respectively including at least one 3rd primary element 19 is connected in series, wherein each main circuit breaker 45 has parallel connection
The nonlinear resistor 11 of connection.Whole across main circuit breaker 45 is connected in series, the string of speed-sensitive switch 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 46
Connection connection is in being connected in parallel, and wherein auxiliary circuit breaker 46 includes at least one 3rd primary element 19.Current limliting arrangement 43 itself
It is connected in series with transmission line of electricity 44 and with current-limiting reactor 12.
The further embodiment of unshowned current limliting arrangement may include main circuit breaker and one or more auxiliary circuit breakers,
They are based on first, second or third primary element, and are set according to one of mode shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11.
Because the second primary element 7 works on two senses of current, so corresponding current limliting arrangement is also that can be used as bidirectional current limiting device
Operation.
It can be used for and above-mentioned tripper identical voltage range according to the current limliting arrangement of the present invention, i.e. for middle press-fitting
Electricity and high voltage power transmission application.
Fig. 8 is relevant to now to describe the application method of Figure 11 current limliting arrangement.In moment t1Shortly before, main circuit breaker
8 and auxiliary circuit breaker 9 and speed-sensitive switch 10 close.Rated current IrateSpeed-sensitive switch 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 9 are flowed through, and is led
Breaker 8 is currentless.In moment t1, line fault occurs in transmission line of electricity 44, and this causes electric current I from rated current
IrateStart to increase continuously.In moment t2, more than the first current limitation of the rated thermal current for being set slightly above transmission line of electricity 44
Ilim, so as to cause to be immediately generated auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal and send auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal to auxiliary circuit breaker 9.
Auxiliary circuit breaker 9 receives auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal, and is instantaneously disconnected within several microseconds, thus by electric current IlimConversion
To main circuit breaker 8.From the transmission of auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal, first time period is waited, until auxiliary circuit breaker is clearly disconnected
Open, and then speed-sensitive switch 10 disconnects, and speed-sensitive switch 10 is in moment t after such as 1ms some time3It is ultimately at disconnected
Open state.In moment t3, electric current reached intermediate current level I3, I3Higher than the first current limitation IlimIt is but disconnected significantly lower than maximum
Road electric current IBmax.According to the difference (I between intermediate current level and the first current limitation3-Ilim), at this moment determine in current limliting arrangement 43
The quantity for the main circuit breaker 8 that will be disconnected, this is assumed in the main circuit breaker 8 that total of six is connected in series in this illustration
Three main circuit breakers.Correspondingly, three main circuit breakers 8 disconnect, and thus will flow through therein commutate the current to and correspond to non-linear electricity
Hinder device 11.Therefore, current level not with further increase of advancing the speed as before.But to increase compared with low rate,
Or intermediate current level I is maintained at as shown in Fig. 8 with dotted line3, or even reduce.In the example of fig. 8, electric current is maintained at
Intermediate current level, until in moment t4Carry out final open circuit judgement, the i.e. complete judgement for interrupting the electric current in transmission line of electricity 44.
Because having disconnected the heat energy in the nonlinear resistor 11 of main circuit breaker 8 exceedes the upper limit or because sensing and/or guard block
In algorithm evaluation transmission line of electricity 44 in this current interruptions of failure requirements, judge so final open circuit can be carried out.Correspondingly,
In moment t4, all main circuit breakers 8 for being still within closure state also disconnect, and this is applied to its excess-three and led in this illustration
Breaker 8.Its corresponding nonlinear resistor 11 is commutated the current to, and is thus finally interrupted in transmission line of electricity 44.From Fig. 8
It can be clearly seen, the electric current that main circuit breaker 8 must be breaking is intermediate current level I in this illustration3, it is than maximum open circuit electricity
Flow IBmaxIt is many smaller.It is assumed that although disconnect the still further increased more serious conditions of first three main circuit breaker current level.By
In the disconnection of some of main circuit breakers 8, this increase using pure tripper 13 (or 17) at least with than wanting low speed to send out
It is raw.It means that when the algorithm for reaching sensing and/or guard block reach reliable open circuit judge needed for maximum time period-
Here it is designed as in t5Expire-when, the current level that remaining main circuit breaker 8 must be breaking is below pure open circuit under any circumstance
The maximum breaking current I of deviceBmax.Correspondingly, main circuit breaker 8 may be configured to less maximum breaking current IBmax, this is significantly
Reduce its cost.
Figure 12 switch yard is similar to Fig. 6 switch yard in some respects.Four DC of HVDC converter 30 and DC power networks
Transmission line of electricity 26-29.One difference is, is directly connected to the tripper of circuit 26 and 29 in fig. 12 respectively by according to Figure 11
Bidirectional current limiting arrangement 43 substitution.Current limliting arrangement is represented by label 43 ', 43 " and 43 " '.In addition, with being directly connected to circuit 27
Be previously inserted resistor 47 with each be connected in series of 28 tripper, and with each to be previously inserted resistor 47 in parallel
It is connected to by-pass switch 48.Under normal operation, by-pass switch 48 closes, as 21 corresponding by-pass switch of tripper
It is shown, the connection of resistor accordingly is previously inserted to disconnect, and thus avoid unnecessary loss.It is directly connected to circuit
27 and 28 tripper 21,22 and 49 and it is directly connected to the tripper 23 and 50 of HVDC converter 30 and belongs to and be based on
The bi-directional type of 3rd primary element 19.
It is assumed that making that circuit 27 powers off and the tripper 22 and 49 by being off makes circuit 27 from institute first
There are other supply lines 26,28 and 29 and disconnected from HVDC converter 30.In the alternative, circuit 27 can fill in advance
Electricity arrives and the different voltage level in other circuits 26,28 and 29.In order to circuit 27 is coupled to the remainder of network and by
This is powered to it, and tripper 49 and 22 is closed by closing its main circuit breaker, speed-sensitive switch and auxiliary circuit breaker.Meanwhile
The by-pass switch 48 for being previously inserted resistor 47 corresponding with tripper 22 and 49 disconnects so that can be from the left and right two of switch yard
The surge current that side pours in circuit 27 is restricted.After circuit 27 is successfully coupled to other circuits, by-pass switch 48 is again
Secondary closure.
Tripper can be substituted by any one arranged by above-mentioned current limliting to connect with each tripper to avoid having
The necessity for being previously inserted resistor and by-pass switch of connection, wherein current limliting arrange adapter tripper and are previously inserted resistance
The function of device, and add above-described other favourable function.In Figure 12, now assuming that first powers off circuit 26.
In alternative, circuit 26 can be pre-charged to and the different voltage level in other circuits 27,28 and 29.By in disconnection shape
The current limliting arrangement 43 ' and 43 " of state makes circuit 26 be disconnected from all other supply line 27,28 and 29 and from HVDC converter 30
Connection.In order to which circuit 26 to be coupled to the remainder of network and is thus powered to it, only by closing its main circuit breaker 45
A part and by remaining open other main circuit breakers 45, speed-sensitive switch 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 46, partly to close
Close current limliting arrangement 43 ' and 43 ".Thus limit by nonlinear resistor corresponding with the part remained open of main circuit breaker 45
Surge current.After circuit 26 is successfully coupled to other circuits, other main circuit breakers 45 of current limliting arrangement 43 ' and 43 ",
Speed-sensitive switch 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 46 close so that the current transformation in these current limlitings arrangement is to speed-sensitive switch and backup shutdoun
Device.Hereafter, all main circuit breakers 45 can be again off.
Claims (22)
1. flow through the device (13,17) of the DC current open circuit of transmission line of electricity or distribution line (14), described device (13,17)
Being connected in parallel including main circuit breaker (8,15) and nonlinear resistor (11), the main circuit breaker (8,15) includes the first electric current
At least one power semiconductor switch (1) in direction (4), wherein
Described device is also including the wherein speed-sensitive switch (10) comprising at least one mechanical switch and auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16)
It is connected in series, the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) has smaller conducting resistance compared to the main circuit breaker (8,15), and wraps
At least one power semiconductor switch (1) of first sense of current (4) is included, wherein described be connected in series is parallel-connected to institute
State and be connected in parallel；And described device is adapted to do not having auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal (41) and main circuit breaker cut-off signal (40)
In the case of perform the following steps：
- auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) is disconnected, thus by the current transformation to the main circuit breaker (8,15),
- speed-sensitive switch (10) is hereafter disconnected, the operability of the speed-sensitive switch (10) is thus tested,
- hereafter test the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) at least one power semiconductor switch (1,3) operability
And if also tested if at least one fly-wheel diode of the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) being present the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,
16) operability of at least one fly-wheel diode,
- after a successful test, the speed-sensitive switch (10) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) are closed again.
2. device (13,17) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the main circuit breaker (8,15) compares the auxiliary circuit breaker
(9,16) there is higher rated voltage block capability.
3. device (13,17) as claimed in claim 2, wherein
- the main circuit breaker (8,15) includes at least two power semiconductors being connected in series of first sense of current (4)
Switch (1),
- the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) include first sense of current (4), have and the main circuit breaker (8,15)
The power semiconductor switch (1) identical voltage blocking capability at least one power semiconductor switch (1), and
- auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) is compared, the main circuit breaker (8,15) includes greater amount of power semiconductor all the time
Switch (1).
4. such as the device any one of claim 1-3, wherein, the main circuit breaker and/or the auxiliary circuit breaker bag
Include first sense of current (4), it is in parallel with least one power semiconductor switch of first sense of current even
At least one other power semiconductor switch (1) connect.
5. the device (17) as any one of claim 1-3, wherein, the main circuit breaker (8,15) and the auxiliary are disconnected
Road device (9,16) all includes being connected in parallel with least one power semiconductor switch (1) of first sense of current (4)
And at least one power semiconductor switch (3) with second sense of current (5).
6. the device (13) as any one of claim 1-3, wherein, the main circuit breaker and the auxiliary circuit breaker are each
Including at least one fly-wheel diode (2), each fly-wheel diode (2) is connected in anti-parallel to first sense of current (4)
One of described at least one power semiconductor switch (1).
7. device (21-24) as claimed in claim 6, wherein, the main circuit breaker and the auxiliary circuit breaker respectively include the
At least one power semiconductor switch (3) of two senses of current (5), at least one work(of second sense of current (5)
Rate semiconductor switch (3) have the fly-wheel diode (18) that is connected with its inverse parallel and with first sense of current (4)
At least one power semiconductor switch (1) is connected in series.
8. the device as described in any one of claim 1-3, it is adapted to having been received by auxiliary circuit breaker signal but from institute
The disconnection for stating auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) rises or not received within the period from the disconnection of the speed-sensitive switch (10)
To closing the speed-sensitive switch (10) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) again in the case of main circuit breaker cut-off signal (40).
9. the device as described in any one of claim 1-3, in addition to apparatus control portion part (36), wherein having：
First input end, the current sensor (32) being adapted to from the electric current in the suitable measurement circuit (14) receive electric current and surveyed
Amount, and
Second input, it is adapted to receive the signal that instruction described device will disconnect, wherein
Described device control unit is adapted to response instruction to receive electric current more than the first current limitation in the transmission line of electricity
Measure and generate auxiliary circuit breaker signal；And
Described device control unit be also suitable for receive instruction described device will disconnect signal when generation main circuit breaker break
ON signal.
10. one kind is used for the switch yard that HVDC converter (30) is connected to one group of transmission line (26,27,28,29), wherein,
For each transmission line, the switch yard includes the device as described in any one of above claim, and the switch yard is also
Including：
Current detecting part (32), it is adapted to the current measurement signal of the current level in generation the first transmission line of instruction；And
The current measurement signal that the switch yard is arranged so as to respond first transmission line has exceeded current limitation,
Auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal is generated before turning off the judgement of the main circuit breaker of the primitive apparatus of first transmission line
And auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal is sent to the primitive apparatus and stand-by provision of first transmission line.
11. operate the method for the device of the DC current open circuit for flowing through transmission line of electricity or distribution line (14), the dress
Put including：
Main circuit breaker (8,15) and nonlinear resistor (11) are connected in parallel, and the main circuit breaker (8,15) includes the first electric current
At least one power semiconductor switch (1) in direction (4), and
Being connected in series for auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) and wherein speed-sensitive switch (10) comprising at least one mechanical switch, it is described auxiliary
Breaker (9,16) is helped to there is smaller conducting resistance and including the first electric current side compared to the main circuit breaker (8,15)
To at least one power semiconductor switch (1) of (4), wherein
It is described be connected in series be parallel-connected to it is described be connected in parallel, and
Described device (13,17；21) it is connected in series to through transmission line of electricity or distribution line (14；28) current path, and
The auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) and the speed-sensitive switch (10) of described device are wherein closed, methods described includes following step
Suddenly：
- closure the main circuit breaker (8,15),
- if auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal (41) is received, the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) is disconnected, thus by electric current
The main circuit breaker (8,15) is transformed to,
- hereafter, the speed-sensitive switch (10) is disconnected,
- hereafter, if receiving main circuit breaker cut-off signal (40), the main circuit breaker (8,15) is disconnected, thus by electric current
The nonlinear resistor (11) is transformed to,
In the case that methods described is included in and does not have auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal (41) and main circuit breaker cut-off signal (40)：
- auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) is disconnected, thus by current transformation to the main circuit breaker (8,15),
- speed-sensitive switch (10) is hereafter disconnected, the operability of the speed-sensitive switch (10) is thus tested,
- hereafter test the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) at least one power semiconductor switch (1,3) operability
And if at least one afterflow is also tested if at least one fly-wheel diode of the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) being present
The operability of diode,
- after a successful test, the speed-sensitive switch (10) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) are closed again.
12. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein, disconnected there is no auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal (41) and main circuit breaker
In the case of signal (40), the main circuit breaker (8,15) is disconnected, and tests its at least one power semiconductor switch (1,3)
If operability and also test grasping for its at least one fly-wheel diode in the presence of its at least one fly-wheel diode
The property made, and the main circuit breaker (8,15) is closed again.
13. the method as described in any one of claim 11-12, wherein, immediately the electric current is more than the first current limitation
Generate afterwards, send and receive auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal (41).
14. method as claimed in claim 13, wherein, the first current limitation (Ilim) it is defined as slightly above described circuit
Rated thermal current or slightly above be connected to the circuit converter station rated thermal current.
15. the method as described in any one of claim 11 to 12, wherein, in breaking from the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16)
Open and the speed-sensitive switch (10) is disconnected when have passed through first time period.
16. the method as described in any one of claim 11 to 12, wherein, when the electric current is more than the second current limitation
Disconnect the speed-sensitive switch (10).
17. the method as described in any one of claim 11 to 12, wherein, receiving the instruction electric current successfully
The speed-sensitive switch (10) is disconnected during signal (25) for transforming to the main circuit breaker (8,15).
18. the method as described in any one of claim 11 to 12, wherein, if in the circuit (14,28) and/or
Break down (t in the other electric device for being connected to the circuit4), then generate, send and receive main circuit breaker disconnection
Signal (40).
19. the method as described in any one of claim 11 to 12, wherein, in breaking from the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16)
Open or be not received by main circuit breaker cut-off signal within second time period from the disconnection of the speed-sensitive switch (10)
(40) in the case of, the speed-sensitive switch (10) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) close again.
20. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, closed in the speed-sensitive switch (10) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16)
In the case of still receiving after closing or receive the auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal (41) again, the auxiliary is disconnected first
Breaker (9,16), the speed-sensitive switch (10) is hereafter disconnected, and hereafter if receiving the main circuit breaker cut-off signal
(40) main circuit breaker (8,15) is then disconnected.
21. the method as described in any one of claim 11 to 12, wherein, device (23,24) in addition is connected to and institute
Stating transmission line of electricity or distribution line (28) identical current path, the other device includes
Main circuit breaker (8,15) and nonlinear resistor (11) are connected in parallel, and the main circuit breaker (8,15) includes the first electric current
At least one power semiconductor switch (1) in direction (4), and
The speed-sensitive switch (10) of at least one mechanical switch and being connected in series for auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16) are wherein included, it is described auxiliary
Breaker (9,16) is helped to there is smaller conducting resistance and including the first electric current side compared to the main circuit breaker (8,15)
To at least one power semiconductor switch (1) of (4), wherein it is described be connected in series be parallel-connected to it is described be connected in parallel, it is described
Method receives described in the device (21) for the DC current open circuit for flowing through transmission line of electricity or distribution line (14)
Include following further step in the case of auxiliary circuit breaker cut-off signal (41)：
- auxiliary circuit breaker in the other device (23,24) is disconnected first,
- speed-sensitive switch in the other device (23,24) is hereafter disconnected,
If-in the device (21) of the DC current open circuit for flowing through transmission line of electricity or distribution line (14), electric current does not have
Have and successfully transform to the nonlinear resistor, then break the main circuit breaker in the other device (23,24), or
Person
If-in the device (21) of the DC current open circuit for flowing through transmission line of electricity or distribution line (14), electric current into
The nonlinear resistor is transformed to work(, then closes the speed-sensitive switch in the other device (23,24) and described
Auxiliary circuit breaker.
22. the method as described in any one of claim 11-12, wherein
The disconnection of the auxiliary circuit breaker is performed before the judgement of main circuit breaker of the first quantity is turned off.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510645982.4A CN105206449B (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | Make the apparatus and method and current limliting arrangement of the current interruption of transmission line of electricity or distribution line |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200980162538.XA CN102687221B (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | The apparatus and method of the current interruption of transmission line or distribution line and current limliting are arranged |
| CN201510645982.4A CN105206449B (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | Make the apparatus and method and current limliting arrangement of the current interruption of transmission line of electricity or distribution line |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200980162538.XA Division CN102687221B (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | The apparatus and method of the current interruption of transmission line or distribution line and current limliting are arranged |
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| CN105206449A CN105206449A (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| CN105206449B true CN105206449B (en) | 2018-01-02 |
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| CN201510645982.4A Active CN105206449B (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | Make the apparatus and method and current limliting arrangement of the current interruption of transmission line of electricity or distribution line |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB2560887A (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2018-10-03 | Gridon Ltd | AC switching arrangement |
| CN106992569A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-28 | 江苏金帆电源科技有限公司 | A kind of charge-discharge control circuit |
| CN108649527B (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-10-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of hybrid solid-state direct current current-limiting formula breaker |
| CN108899237A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-27 | 国网冀北电力有限公司检修分公司 | A kind of electric current break-up device, system and method |
| CN112750585B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-09-09 | 太原航空仪表有限公司 | Method for linear output of wire-wound potentiometer |
| CN116518581A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-08-01 | 浙江奇翼科技有限公司 | Semiconductor refrigerating device and cold air system |
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