CN105196880B - Alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device - Google Patents

Alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105196880B
CN105196880B CN201510560712.3A CN201510560712A CN105196880B CN 105196880 B CN105196880 B CN 105196880B CN 201510560712 A CN201510560712 A CN 201510560712A CN 105196880 B CN105196880 B CN 105196880B
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excitation
eddy
current
brake unit
current brake
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CN105196880A (en
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寇宝泉
牛旭
贺铁锐
谢逸轩
赵晓坤
邵一
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

Alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device, is related to machine field.The present invention is when train braking be present to solve current DC excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking technology, vortex on rail produces substantial amounts of heat, the temperature of rail is increased, therefore the parameter such as its electrical conductivity and magnetic conductivity will all change, the life-span of rail is reduced simultaneously, in addition, High-Speed Eddy Braking need it is outer amplify field power supply, need to consume electric energy during braking, the danger of brake fade during in the presence of power-off and electric energy deficiency, and during low speed, brake force is small, be applicable train speed narrow range the problem of.The controling winding of the ac output end connection AC excitation eddy-current brake unit of excitation con-trol inverter of the present invention, excitation capacitor group and in AC excitation eddy-current brake cell power winding output end, power winding output end connects polyphase rectifier ac input end, and two ends of DC excitation eddy-current brake unit Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection are connected in polyphase rectifier output end.It can be used in the braking of bullet train.

Description

Alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device
Technical field
The present invention relates to alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device.Belong to machine field.
Background technology
Train high speed is related to two key issues of driving and braking of train.Wherein the braking of bullet train should give especially With enough attention, the basic ideas of high-speed train braking consume train as the train braking under current conventional speeds The kinetic energy of motion, make train deceleration or stop.Because the kinetic energy of bullet train is more much larger than ordinary train, and at a high speed between lower wheel track Adhesion coefficient and brake shoe and driving wheel between coefficient of friction all substantially reduce, therefore bullet train must use new brake body System.According to existing analysis, the braking of bullet train use regenerative braking, based on eddy-current brake, friction catch is supplement Associated braking system, it is a kind of preferable brakes of economic benefit and technical performance.Eddy-current brake have rotating vortex braking with Two kinds of forms of High-Speed Eddy Braking.Wherein High-Speed Eddy Braking belongs to non-adhesion braking, its advantage be when train speed 80~ In the range of 400km/h, braking characteristic is flat, and brake force is big.Above two eddy-current brake form has one group of electromagnet and had Electromagnetic induction body --- the rail of relative motion, by electromagnetic induction, the kinetic energy of train is set to be converted into vortex in rail, and with The form of heat is dissipated to surrounding, and the purpose of braking is reached with this.
Fig. 4 is existing DC excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking schematic diagram.High-Speed Eddy Braking device is in bogie both sides Wheel between install electromagnet, every group of electromagnet length about 1200~2000mm;Rail makees electromagnetic induction body, is passed through direct current N, S pole for flowing the electromagnet of excitation are alternately arranged along the bearing of trend of rail.The number of magnetic poles of electromagnet is typically in 4~20 scopes Interior selection.The magnetic pole pole-face of exciting electromagnet iron and the vertical range of rail surface are not less than 6mm.
But there are the following problems for DC excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking technology at present:During train braking, the vortex on rail Substantial amounts of heat is produced, the temperature of rail is increased, therefore the parameter such as its electrical conductivity and magnetic conductivity will all change.Eddy-current brake Power is relevant with the resistivity and magnetic reluctance of rail, therefore rail temperature rise certainly will impact to eddy-current brake power.Meanwhile temperature rise The mechanical property of rail is changed, rail is softened, the life-span of rail can be reduced.In addition, High-Speed Eddy Braking needs are outer Amplify field power supply, need to consume electric energy during braking, the danger of brake fade when power-off and electric energy deficiency be present, and low speed When, brake force is small, is applicable train speed narrow range.
The content of the invention
The present invention is the whirlpool on rail when train braking be present to solve current DC excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking technology The raw substantial amounts of heat of miscarriage, rises the temperature of rail, therefore the parameter such as its electrical conductivity and magnetic conductivity will all change, and drop simultaneously The life-span of low rail, in addition, High-Speed Eddy Braking need it is outer amplify field power supply, need to consume electric energy during braking, exist Power-off and during electric energy deficiency brake fade danger, and during low speed, brake force is small, is applicable train speed narrow range, needs during braking Extraneous energy is provided, the problem of consuming energy.Alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device is now provided.
Alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device, it includes AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, DC excitation is vortexed Brake unit, excitation con-trol inverter, polyphase rectifier and excitation capacitor group,
AC excitation eddy-current brake unit includes primary unshakable in one's determination, primary control winding and prime power winding,
Fluting is perpendicularly to the direction of movement towards air gap side in primary unshakable in one's determination, embeds two sets of multiphase symmetric windings in groove, two Set multiphase symmetric winding is respectively primary control winding and prime power winding,
DC excitation eddy-current brake unit includes primary unshakable in one's determination and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection,
The ac output end of excitation con-trol inverter is connected with the controling winding input of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, Excitation capacitor group is connected in parallel in the power winding output end of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, the output end of power winding with it is more The ac input end of commutating phase device is connected, and two ends of DC excitation eddy-current brake unit Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection are connected on the straight of polyphase rectifier Flow in output end.
Alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device, it includes AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, DC excitation is vortexed Brake unit, excitation con-trol inverter and excitation capacitor,
AC excitation eddy-current brake unit includes primary unshakable in one's determination and armature winding, in the vertical towards air gap side of primary iron core Slotted in the direction of motion, a collar-shaped multiphase symmetrical primary winding is embedded in groove;
DC excitation eddy-current brake unit includes primary unshakable in one's determination and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, the ac output end of excitation con-trol inverter It is connected after sealing in inductance with the armature winding of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, excitation capacitor group is connected in parallel on AC excitation vortex In the armature winding output end of brake unit, DC excitation eddy-current brake unit Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection both ends are connected to excitation con-trol inversion On the dc bus of device.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:Inverter outlet side power factor can be improved using excitation capacitor group, reduced Inverter output current and loss, reduce the volume and weight of inverter;Brake, reduce by using alternating current-direct current composite excitation Caused eddy-current loss in rail, reduces the temperature rise of rail, extends the life-span of rail;By AC excitation eddy-current brake unit Output for DC excitation eddy-current brake unit provide excitation electric energy, both reduced the capacity and braking resistor of field power supply Volume, weight;Brakes cost is reduced again, improves the reliability of brakes.
DC excitation eddy-current brake unit primary and AC excitation eddy-current brake unit primary are passed through into brake and support tune Engagement positions are separately mounted to the left and right sides of the bogie of car, and brake supporting and adjusting device can also lift DC excitation vortex Brake unit is primary and AC excitation eddy-current brake unit is primary, and to adjust, DC excitation eddy-current brake unit is primary to encourage with exchanging The primary gap between rail of magnetic eddy-current brake unit;It is secondary using rail as eddy-current brake unit, (stored using vehicle power Battery) or main electricity to excitation con-trol inverter and stream excitation eddy-current brake unit and AC excitation eddy-current brake unit carry For initial excitation energy, when DC excitation eddy-current brake unit is primary and AC excitation eddy-current brake unit primary is passed through excitation electricity After stream, travelling-magnetic-field, travelling-magnetic-field and rail intersecting chain are produced in air gap that can between the primary and secondary, can be felt in rail It should be vortexed, vortex interacts with travelling-magnetic-field, produces the electromagnetic system power opposite with train direct of travel, the electromagnetic system power Act on eddy-current brake unit primary (train), make train deceleration.While train deceleration, the kinetic energy of train is converted into whirlpool The eddy-current loss in the electric energy and rail of brake unit output is flowed, the electric energy of output can have both been consumed in eddy-current brake unit winding On resistance and the resistor of parallel connection, the direct current that can also be stored into Vehicular accumulator cell or feed back to main traction motor inverter is female On line.So, the temperature rise of rail can be both reduced, the energy of vehicle power need not be consumed again, at the same time it can also pass through regulation The frequency of inverter output current, retro-speed scope is extended, or realize that low speed and zero-speed are braked by using reversing braking. When needing to increase the tractive force of train, exciter inverter can also be controlled, makes eddy-current brake cell operation in motoring condition.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device described in embodiment one,
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device described in embodiment one,
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device described in embodiment five,
Fig. 4 is existing DC excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking schematic diagram, and in figure, reference A represents vortex, reference B Rail is represented, reference number C represents armature coil, and reference D represents brake(-holder) block, and reference E represents magnetic pole.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:Present embodiment, the alternating current-direct current described in present embodiment are illustrated referring to Figures 1 and 2 Composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device, it includes AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, DC excitation eddy-current brake unit, excitation control Inverter 1, polyphase rectifier 5 and excitation capacitor group 4 processed,
AC excitation eddy-current brake unit includes primary unshakable in one's determination, primary control winding 2-2 and prime power winding 2-3,
Fluting is perpendicularly to the direction of movement towards air gap side in primary unshakable in one's determination, embeds two sets of multiphase symmetric windings in groove, two Set multiphase symmetric winding is respectively primary control winding 2-2 and prime power winding 2-3,
DC excitation eddy-current brake unit includes primary unshakable in one's determination and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 3-2,
The ac output end of excitation con-trol inverter 1 and the controling winding 2-2 inputs of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit It is connected, excitation capacitor group 4 is connected in parallel in the power winding 2-3 output ends of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, power winding 2-3 Output end be connected with the ac input end of polyphase rectifier 5, DC excitation eddy-current brake unit Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 3-2 two terminations On the DC output end of polyphase rectifier 5.
Alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device described in present embodiment is in practical application, be fixed on train car On the bogie of car of railway carriage or compartment bottom, and cause AC excitation eddy-current brake unit and DC excitation eddy-current brake unit difference position In the surface of two one steel rails, in operation principle, the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device described in present embodiment In AC excitation eddy-current brake unit and DC excitation eddy-current brake unit equivalent to primary, two railway track 2-1 and 3-1 is respectively equivalent to the secondary corresponding with two primary, and AC excitation eddy-current brake unit is with railway track 2-1 apart from shape Into air gap, the distance between DC excitation eddy-current brake unit and railway track 3-1 form air gap, the alternating current-direct current composite excitation rail Road eddy-current brake completes braking function with railway track interaction.
According to being actually needed, in order to accurately control the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device described in present embodiment The distance between railway track 2-1 and 3-1, it can be adjusted using corresponding brake supporting and adjusting device to realize, i.e.,:Essence Really adjustment the distance between AC excitation eddy-current brake unit and railway track 2-1 or DC excitation eddy-current brake unit and iron Road rail 3-1.
In present embodiment, the left and right sides of each bogie of car is corresponding with railway track, AC excitation vortex system An AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, DC excitation eddy-current brake unit are installed on the bogie of car of the primary installation of moving cell One DC excitation eddy-current brake unit is installed on the bogie of car of installation.
Embodiment two:Present embodiment is to the alternating current-direct current composite excitation track whirlpool described in embodiment one Stream brake is described further, and in present embodiment, polyphase rectifier 5 is can not control rectifier or controlled rectifier.
Embodiment three:Present embodiment is to the alternating current-direct current composite excitation track whirlpool described in embodiment one Stream brake is described further, and in present embodiment, power winding 2-3 output end simultaneously connects energy absorption resistor group.
Embodiment four:Reference picture 3 and Fig. 4 illustrate present embodiment, the alternating current-direct current described in present embodiment Composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device, it includes AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, DC excitation eddy-current brake unit, excitation control Inverter 1 and excitation capacitor 4 processed,
AC excitation eddy-current brake unit 2 includes primary unshakable in one's determination and armature winding 2-4, primary unshakable in one's determination towards air gap side Fluting is perpendicularly to the direction of movement, a collar-shaped multiphase symmetrical primary winding is embedded in groove;
DC excitation eddy-current brake unit includes primary unshakable in one's determination and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 3-2, and the exchange of excitation con-trol inverter 1 is defeated Go out after end seals in inductance 6 and be connected with the armature winding 2-4 of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, excitation capacitor group 4 is connected in parallel on friendship In the armature winding 2-4 output ends for flowing excitation eddy-current brake unit, DC excitation eddy-current brake unit Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 3-2 both ends connect It is connected on the dc bus of excitation con-trol inverter 1.
An exchange is installed in present embodiment, on the bogie of car of the primary installation of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit to encourage Magnetic eddy-current brake unit, DC excitation eddy-current brake unit installation the bogie of car on install a DC excitation eddy-current brake Unit.
Alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device described in present embodiment is in practical application, be fixed on train car On the bogie of car of railway carriage or compartment bottom, and cause AC excitation eddy-current brake unit and DC excitation eddy-current brake unit difference position In the surface of two one steel rails, in operation principle, the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device described in present embodiment In AC excitation eddy-current brake unit and DC excitation eddy-current brake unit equivalent to primary, two railway track 2-1 and 3-1 is respectively equivalent to the secondary corresponding with two primary, and AC excitation eddy-current brake unit is with railway track 2-1 apart from shape Into air gap, the distance between DC excitation eddy-current brake unit and railway track 3-1 form air gap, the alternating current-direct current composite excitation rail Road eddy-current brake completes braking function with railway track interaction.
According to being actually needed, in order to accurately control the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device described in present embodiment The distance between railway track 2-1 and 3-1, it can be adjusted using corresponding brake supporting and adjusting device to realize, i.e.,:Essence Really adjustment the distance between AC excitation eddy-current brake unit and railway track 2-1 or DC excitation eddy-current brake unit and iron Road rail 3-1.
Embodiment five:Present embodiment is to the alternating current-direct current composite excitation track whirlpool described in embodiment one Stream brake is described further, in present embodiment, the power winding of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit 2 for three-phase windings or Six phase windings.
Embodiment six:Present embodiment is straight to the friendship described in embodiment one or embodiment four Stream composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device is described further, and in present embodiment, adjusts excitation con-trol inverter output current Frequency and phase, make AC excitation eddy-current brake cell operation in dynamic brake pattern.
Embodiment seven:Present embodiment is straight to the friendship described in embodiment one or embodiment four Stream composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device is described further, in present embodiment, the winding of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit 1 Winding with DC excitation eddy-current brake unit 2 is aluminum steel winding or copper cash winding.
Embodiment eight:Present embodiment is straight to the friendship described in embodiment one or embodiment four Stream composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device is described further, and in present embodiment, DC excitation eddy-current brake unit is encouraged for electricity Magnetic structure is electrical excitation and the composite excitation structure of permanent magnet excitation.
Embodiment nine:Present embodiment is straight to the friendship described in embodiment one or embodiment four Stream composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device is described further, in present embodiment, what AC excitation eddy-current brake unit 2 exported Electrical power is more than or equal to the electrical power that DC excitation eddy-current brake unit 3 absorbs.
Embodiment ten:Present embodiment is straight to the friendship described in embodiment one or embodiment four Stream composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device be described further, in present embodiment, the excitation of DC excitation eddy-current brake unit 3 around The both ends parallel energy absorption resistance device of group.

Claims (10)

1. alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device, it is characterised in that it includes AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, direct current Excitation eddy-current brake unit, excitation con-trol inverter (1), polyphase rectifier (5) and excitation capacitor group (4),
AC excitation eddy-current brake unit includes primary unshakable in one's determination, primary control winding (2-2) and prime power winding (2-3),
Fluting is perpendicularly to the direction of movement towards air gap side in primary iron core, two sets of multiphase symmetric windings are embedded in groove, more than two sets Symmetrical winding is respectively primary control winding (2-2) and prime power winding (2-3),
DC excitation eddy-current brake unit includes primary unshakable in one's determination and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection (3-2),
The ac output end of excitation con-trol inverter (1) and controling winding (2-2) input of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit Be connected, excitation capacitor group (4) is connected in parallel in power winding (2-3) output end of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, power around The output end of group (2-3) is connected with the ac input end of polyphase rectifier (5), DC excitation eddy-current brake unit Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection Two ends of (3-2) are connected on the DC output end of polyphase rectifier (5);
Alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device completes braking function with railway track interaction;
By the output of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit excitation electric energy is provided for DC excitation eddy-current brake unit.
2. alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that polyphase rectifier (5) being can not control rectifier or controlled rectifier.
3. alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that prime power winding The output end of (2-3) simultaneously connects energy absorption resistor group.
4. alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device, it is characterised in that it includes AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, direct current Excitation eddy-current brake unit, excitation con-trol inverter (1) and excitation capacitor group (4),
AC excitation eddy-current brake unit includes primary unshakable in one's determination and armature winding (2-4), is hung down in primary unshakable in one's determination towards air gap side Directly slotted in the direction of motion, a collar-shaped multiphase symmetrical primary winding is embedded in groove;
DC excitation eddy-current brake unit includes primary unshakable in one's determination and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection (3-2), and the exchange of excitation con-trol inverter (1) is defeated Go out end and seal in inductance (6) and be connected afterwards with the armature winding (2-4) of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, excitation capacitor group (4) is simultaneously It is associated in armature winding (2-4) output end of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit, DC excitation eddy-current brake unit Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection (3-2) both ends are connected on the dc bus of excitation con-trol inverter (1);
Alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device completes braking function with railway track interaction;
By the output of AC excitation eddy-current brake unit excitation electric energy is provided for DC excitation eddy-current brake unit.
5. the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that AC excitation The power winding of eddy-current brake unit is three-phase windings or six phase windings.
6. the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that regulation excitation The frequency and phase of inverter (1) output current are controlled, makes AC excitation eddy-current brake cell operation in dynamic brake pattern.
7. the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that AC excitation The winding of eddy-current brake unit and the winding of DC excitation eddy-current brake unit are aluminum steel winding or copper cash winding.
8. the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that DC excitation Eddy-current brake unit is electrical excitation structure or is electrical excitation and the composite excitation structure of permanent magnet excitation.
9. the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that AC excitation The electrical power of eddy-current brake unit output is more than or equal to the electrical power that DC excitation eddy-current brake unit absorbs.
10. the alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that DC excitation The both ends parallel energy absorption resistance device of eddy-current brake unit Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection (3-2).
CN201510560712.3A 2015-09-06 2015-09-06 Alternating current-direct current composite excitation High-Speed Eddy Braking device Active CN105196880B (en)

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DE102017214416A1 (en) * 2017-08-18 2019-02-21 Sms Group Gmbh Method and device for electric braking with mechanical holding device for a direct drive in metalworking
CN113489419B (en) * 2021-06-30 2023-04-25 南京航空航天大学 Multi-mode energy feedback control method for electric excitation doubly salient motor drive charging system

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