CN105193401A - High-precision arm-type electronic sphygmomanometer and detection method thereof - Google Patents
High-precision arm-type electronic sphygmomanometer and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision arm-type electronic sphygmomanometer and a detection method thereof. The high-precision arm-type electronic sphygmomanometer comprises a human body cuff and a detection control device; the human body cuff is provided with a pressure sensor and connected with the detection control device through an air pipe; the detection control device comprises an air pump, a single chip microcomputer module, a power supply module, a liquid crystal display module, a low-pass filtering module, amplifier modules and a high-pass filtering module, a signal collected by the pressure sensor is sequentially processed by the low-pass filtering module, the amplifier module, the high-pass filtering module and the amplifier module, input to the single chip microcomputer module through AD channels to be processed and displayed through the crystal display module, the air pump is connected with the single chip microcomputer module through a deflated electromagnetic valve, and the power supply module supplies power to the whole device. According to the high-precision arm-type electronic sphygmomanometer and the detection method thereof, one-key electronic measurement on the human physiological blood pressure can be achieved, and convenience and fastness are achieved; meanwhile, two amplifiers, two levels of filters and an improved systolic pressure and diastolic pressure algorithm are adopted, therefore, interference signals are reduced, and the detection precision is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the human body signal detection technique field of biomedical engineering, be specifically related to a kind of high accuracy Arm-cuff device and detection method thereof.
Background technology
The development of national economy makes the degree of concern of people to health more and more higher, philosophy of life also synchronously there occurs a lot of transformation, present stage, in society, part income is all used for the investment of health care aspect by quite a lot of family, the continuous change of adjoint life pattern and mode, the use of medical apparatus and instruments and medical electric subclass measurement device also will be more and more general, and the thing followed will be the swift and violent growth of medical device market scale.
General hospital uses the aeromometer based on Ke Shi method, and medical practitioner can hear arterial vascular alternative sounds with listening precious device, judges the value of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.This sphygomanometer common people except doctor be not easy grasp, and oneself for oneself measurement have inconvenience more.There are some intrinsic shortcomings in Ke Shi method: one is determine that diastolic pressure is more difficult; Two is these methods with the vision of people and audition, and with stronger subjective factors, unless medical practitioner, common people are difficult to survey accurate blood pressure.Having there is multiple Korotkoff's Sound method electric sphygmomanometer in the seventies, attempts the automatic detection realizing blood pressure, but find that this kind of sphygomanometer fails to overcome the inherent defect of Ke Shi method very soon, and error is large, poor repeatability, so fail to promote.At present, the development of hyundai electronics science and technology make this gauge enter electronic age-electric sphygmomanometer.Early stage electronic blood pressure, in respect of the functionally additional Measure blood pressure function again at accutron, operates more loaded down with trivial details.Therefore, need research and development badly a kind of simple and convenient, make the sphygomanometer that measurement is not only light but also comfortable.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is: for the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, provides a kind of high accuracy Arm-cuff device and detection method thereof.
The technical solution used in the present invention is such:
A kind of high accuracy Arm-cuff device, comprise human body cuff and detection control apparatus, described human body cuff is provided with pressure transducer, and human body cuff is connected by trachea with detection control apparatus; Described detection control apparatus comprises air pump, one-chip computer module, power module, LCD MODULE, low-pass filtering module, amplifier module and high-pass filtering module, the signal that described pressure transducer gathers is successively after low-pass filtering module, amplifier module one, high-pass filtering module, amplifier module two process, one-chip computer module process is inputed to by AD passage, and shown by LCD MODULE, described air pump connects one-chip computer module by venting battery valve, and described power module powers to whole device.
The detection method of a kind of high accuracy Arm-cuff device as above, comprises the steps:
S1: upper arm human body cuff being rolled in human body, air pump is inflated human body cuff, is now obtained the blood pressure signal of measured by pressure transducer;
S2: by the blood pressure signal that obtains in step S1 successively through low-pass filter circuit, instrument amplifier circuit, high-pass filtering circuit and operation amplifier circuit, outputed signal;
S3: output signal is input to one-chip computer module by AD passage, and one-chip computer module draws pressure value through computing;
S4: this pressure value is transferred to LCD MODULE, demonstrates pressure value accurately by LCD MODULE.
As preferably, described one-chip computer module comprises STM32F103RBT6 single-chip minimum system, electrify restoration circuit and crystal oscillating circuit.
As preferably, described pressure transducer adopts MPXM2053GS type pressure transducer.
As preferably, described amplifier module one is instrument amplifier INA122, and amplifier module two is operational amplifier OPA333.
In sum, owing to have employed technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, structure of the present invention is simple, reasonable in design, can detect human blood-pressure like clockwork, real-time storage, not only easily but also comfortable, and the real-time communication with host computer (PC) can be realized, Circuits System is simple, and volume is little, low in energy consumption, system stability is high, easy to carry.
2, the present invention can realize carrying out one-touch electronic surveying to Human Physiology blood pressure, convenient and swift, adopts two amplifier and low pass simultaneously, high pass dual stage filter carries out filtering, decrease interfering signal, improve accuracy of detection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is 2V power circuit principle figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is 10V power circuit principle figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is 5V power circuit principle figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is 3.3V power circuit principle figure of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is negative 2V power circuit principle figure of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is pressure transducer of the present invention and prime signal filtering amplifying circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is rear class low-pass filtering amplifying circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the active high-pass filtering circuit schematic diagram of rear class of the present invention;
Figure 10 is rear class active low-pass filter amplifying circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Figure 11 is STM32F103RBT6 minimum system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Figure 12 is signal acquiring board schematic diagram () of the present invention;
Figure 13 is signal acquiring board schematic diagram (two) of the present invention;
Figure 14 is signal acquiring board schematic diagram (three) of the present invention;
Figure 15 is overall software design flow chart of the present invention;
Figure 16 is adc data analyzing and processing flow chart of the present invention;
Figure 17 is systolic pressure of the present invention and diastolic pressure algorithm flow chart;
Figure 18 is cuff waveform figure of the present invention;
Figure 19 is blood pressure of the present invention and heart rate test result schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
All features disclosed in this description, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way.
Arbitrary feature disclosed in this description (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing), unless specifically stated otherwise, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is an example in a series of equivalence or similar characteristics.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of high accuracy Arm-cuff device, comprises human body cuff and detection control apparatus, and described human body cuff is provided with pressure transducer, and human body cuff is connected by trachea with detection control apparatus; Described detection control apparatus comprises air pump, one-chip computer module, power module, LCD MODULE, low-pass filtering module, amplifier module and high-pass filtering module, the signal that described pressure transducer gathers is successively after low-pass filtering module, amplifier module one, high-pass filtering module, amplifier module two process, one-chip computer module process is inputed to by AD passage, and shown by LCD MODULE, described air pump connects one-chip computer module by venting battery valve, and described power module powers to whole device.
As shown in Fig. 2 to Figure 14, signals collecting and single chip part power demands are respectively: air pump+12V, microprocessor+3.3V, pressure transducer and operational amplifier+10V ,+3.3V ,-2V.Need to obtain stable+12V ,+10V ,+3.3V and-2V according to this demand power pack.Native system adopts 12V can fill supplying cell and powers.
The 12V that battery exports is reduced to 10V and 2V by power acquisition Texas Instruments DC-DC step-down switching power supply chip TPS5430.TPS5430 has input voltage range 5.5V to the 36V of non-constant width, and its maximum output current can reach 3A, and maximum power supply conversion efficiency, up to 95%, can meet native system needs completely.This chip periphery circuit is simple, its internal reference voltage VREF is 1.221V, if we want the voltage obtained to be V1, then and V1=VREF (1+Rpot2/R2), the voltage that we only need select suitable resistance can obtain us to want, it is relatively convenient to use.For 10V power circuit, in figure, electrochemical capacitor C5 is used for carrying out filtering to the 12V that battery exports, inductance L 2 and electric capacity C6 be used for storage chip internal fixtion 500KHZ switch conduction time the energy that discharges, sustained diode 2 disconnects for switch in chip, and L2 forms discharge loop to during load supplying.
5V and 3.3V power circuit adopts normal linear voltage stabilizing chip AMS1117-5.0 and sheet AMS1117-3.3.Its input and output add two electric capacity respectively, and small one and large one carries out power filter, bulky capacitor filtering low-frequency noise, small capacitances filter away high frequency noise.AMS1117-5.0 input voltage is 10V, AMS1117-3.3 input voltage is 5V.
Negative 2V power circuit adopts Texas Instruments 60 milliamperes of charge pump voltage reversal device chip TPS60400, this chip input voltage scope is less is 1.6V to 5.5V, but concerning enough native system, this chip periphery only needs the electric capacity of three 1uF to realize voltage reversal, uses very simple.Adopt-2V power be because pressure transducer be difference output, its export differential voltage both can be forward also may be reverse.
Use instrument amplifier INA122 and operational amplifier OPA333.INA122 is precision instrumentation amplifier, has high accuracy, the performance gathered differential signal of low noise.Its dual operational amplifier design makes it have low-down quiescent current, is highly suitable for portable apparatus and data collecting system.INA122 also can carry out single supply behaviour power supply.The non-constant width of its supply district is 2.2V to 36V, and quiescent current is only 60 milliamperes, and it also can carry out dual power supply work.OPA333 series cmos operational amplifier have employed proprietary Automatic Calibration Technique, provide simultaneously extremely low offset voltage and in time with temperature close to zero drift.These are small-sized, high accuracy, low quiescent current amplifier has high input impedance in the scope of 100mV common-mode signal, its track to track only has the amplitude of fluctuation of 50mV voltage when exporting, and it can be used for single supply or dual power supply is low to moderate+1.8V (± 0.9V) and up to+5.5V (± 2.75V).OPA333 series operational amplifier provides outstanding common mode rejection ratio to avoid the common friendship of conventional compensation input stage more.The design of this brilliance makes it have the performance of superelevation when driving analog-digital converter.
The signal that pressure transducer extracts comprises blood pressure signal, pulse signal and other noise signal etc., but our final purpose extracts useful blood pressure signal and pulse signal, in order to extract useful signal, we must use wave filter to carry out filtering, because blood pressure signal is mainly distributed in 0.1HZ to 38Hz, wherein most useful signals is distributed between 0.5Hz to 10Hz.So low pass and high pass dual stage filter must be adopted to carry out filtering.Low pass filter is mainly used to the ramp signal produced in filtering high-frequency interferencing signal and deflation course, whole signal is static pressure signal by what obtain after low pass filter filtering, signal send high pass filter to carry out Filtering Processing subsequently, high pass filter is mainly used to filtering cuff static pressure signal, thus obtains pressure change signal in cuff.Can be changed the filter effect of filter circuit by the change electric capacity of filter circuit and the parameter value of resistance, Given this, in the process of filter circuit design, the choosing of parameter value of each electronic devices and components is very important.
What pressure transducer adopted is Freescale Semiconductor MPXM2053GS type pressure transducer.MPXM2053GS is silicon materials piezoresistive pressure sensor, this chip provides a high-precision linear differential output voltage, this voltage is proportional with the pressure size be applied thereto, in addition this chip also has the accurate span adjustment of laser trimming, the function such as mistuning calibration function and temperature-compensating is a pressure sensor chip tailored for non-invasive blood pressure measurement.Its pressure measurement range is 0kPa to 50kPa i.e. 0mmHg to 375mmHg, and its sensitivity is 0.8mV/kPa.The maximum voltage supplied of this chip is 16V, has optimum linear degree when 10V powers.
In Fig. 7, the upper cut-off frequency of low-pass first order filter is f=1/4 π R2 (C7+C12/2)=33Hz, amplification A=(5+R1/200K)=6, and difference blood pressure signal is become single-ended signal.
Blood pressure signal becomes single-ended signal after instrument amplifier carries out differential amplification, and because the noise be mingled with in now alternating current-direct current signal is still more, and signal amplitude is still very little and be unfavorable for that AD gathers, therefore needs to carry out filtering and amplification further to it.In Fig. 8, amplification is A=-R12/R4//R=-20, and its low-pass filter circuit upper cut-off frequency is f=1/2 π R12*C13=4.83Hz.After amplifying, the output signal amplitude now obtained is comparatively moderate, so signal is sent into a/d converter passage 1 and gathered by time, the real-time static pressure in cuff after AD conversion, can be obtained through data reduction (change of pressure transducer difference output 1mv change in voltage corresponding 9.375mmHg blood pressure pressure).
Obtaining static pressure in cuff is the first step, and what is more important will to obtain in cuff deflation process human blood-pressure from the pressure waveform being blocked to the process medium vessels recovering blood flow.In input signal in Fig. 9, existing direct current signal has AC signal again, so time need add high pass filter by direct current signal filtering.This single order High Pass Filter Cutoff Frequency is f=1/2 π * R6*C8=0.78Hz.U2 is actually voltage follower, and object is the input impedance in order to increase rear class amplifier, reduces rear class ac amplifier circuit to the impact of preamplifying circuit.
In Figure 10, again through 0.78Hz low pass filter after Vout1 comes in, purify AC signal further.What Pulse_ADC exported is pure analogue signal, directly be connected to a/d converter can produce very serious interference to the original signal of AD if recorded in experimentation, therefore need add a RC circuit at its outfan and carry out filtering, add the resistance of a 10k in figure and the electric capacity of 104 carries out filtering.
STM32 series processors requires the custom-designed ARMCortex-M3 kernel of Embedded Application of high-performance, low cost, low-power consumption based on aiming at, be 32 bit processors.Be divided into two different series by performance: STM32F103 " enhancement mode " series and STM32F101 " basic model " serial.Enhancement mode series clock frequency reaches 72MHz, is the product that in like product, performance is the highest; The 64 foot STM32F103RBT6 internal resources used in the present invention are very abundant, its main clock frequency is 72MHz, have 128K bytes Flash, 20K byte SRAM, 2 carry the a/d converter that 12 precision have 16 passages, 3 general purpose timers, 1 senior intervalometer, 3 UART mouths, 2 SPI interfaces, 2 I2C interfaces, 1 USB interface and a CAN controlled in wireless lan interfaces.Its function is very powerful, and cost performance is quite high.What is more important, STM32 downloads very convenient, and he supports serial ports, SWD, JTAG multiple programs downloading mode, without the need to buying expensive programmable device, can easily develop.
As shown in Figure 15 to Figure 17, the detection method of a kind of high accuracy Arm-cuff device as above, comprises the steps:
S1: upper arm human body cuff being rolled in human body, air pump is inflated human body cuff, is now obtained the blood pressure signal of measured by pressure transducer;
S2: by the blood pressure signal that obtains in step S1 successively through low-pass filter circuit, instrument amplifier circuit, high-pass filtering circuit and operation amplifier circuit, outputed signal;
S3: output signal is input to one-chip computer module by AD passage, and one-chip computer module draws pressure value through computing;
S4: this pressure value is transferred to LCD MODULE, demonstrates pressure value accurately by LCD MODULE.
Software design of the present invention is mainly divided into two aspects: the first, hardware interface drivers, mainly comprises the design of the parts such as serial communication, LCD driving, air pump and air valve driving; The second, blood pressure adc data and analysis and processing program, comprises the calculating etc. of the identification of charge/discharge gas speed and control, the sampling and processing of blood pressure and pulse signal, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, mean pressure and heart rate.
As shown in figure 15, concrete software design is as follows:
1, fast aeration process.When starting blood pressure measuring function, software-driven air pump is inflated human body cuff, and human body cuff pressure constantly increases, and slowly blocking blood flow, after pressure arrives software set value, air pump stops inflation, proceeds to slow releasing phase subsequently.
2, blood pressure signal acquisition process.Software startup air valve starts slow venting, and venting speed carries out detection control by microcontroller, and in deflation course, human body cuff pressure slowly reduces, and sensor picks up blood pressure and pulse wave signal.
3, the Rapid degassing stage.When venting arrives to a certain degree, pulse wave disappears, and now recover blood flow, human body cuff does not have pressure to blood vessel, and air valve proceeds to the Rapid degassing stage.To this stage, blood pressure and pulse signal have obtained complete.
4, A/D transformation process.Signal after amplifying is still analogue signal, microcontroller can not be sent directly to process, must convert digital signal to through A/D converter, and send microprocessor to carry out analyzing and processing.
5, analyzing and processing process.This stage mainly completes analysis and the process of blood pressure and pulse signal, and obtains the value of finally definite blood pressure and heart rate.
6, procedure for displaying.Result through software analysis process is shown by TFTLCD, and can select the storage whether carrying out result.
As shown in figure 16, the pulse signal acquisition time interval of blood pressure signal adc data processing module is by set timer, arranging sample frequency inside program is 333Hz, and pulse wave cycle is about 800ms, so such sample frequency can meet application claims completely.
As shown in figure 17, the systolic pressure of human body, diastolic pressure and heart rate determination module.
As shown in figure 18, human pulse wave mode in blood pressure measurement, as can be seen from the figure, now the pressure drop of human body cuff is to 70mmHg, and now occurred maximum pulse amplitude, the static pressure that this maximum pulse wave amplitude is corresponding is mean pressure.
As shown in figure 19, the human blood-pressure obtained in one-shot measurement process and pulse value, wherein systolic pressure is 113mmHg, and diastolic pressure is 77mmHg, and heart rate is the waveform shown in 73, LCD is pressure change waveform in cuff.
The present invention realizes the collection of blood pressure signal by air pump, pressure transducer, and the signal of collection carries out Data Management Analysis, display, storage by detection control apparatus, realizes one-touch blood pressure measurement.The present invention is when reality uses, user is by controlling air-pump inflating or stopping inflation to the operation of button, the signal that pressure transducer collects is got, then under the control action of program by monolithic is machine-readable, process blood pressure signal, carry out calculating and carry out display of blood pressure value by TFTLCD.
Above-described specific embodiment, further describes object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect, and institute it should be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention, is not limited to the present invention.The present invention expands to any new feature of disclosing in this manual or any combination newly, and the step of the arbitrary new method disclosed or process or any combination newly.
Claims (8)
1. a high accuracy Arm-cuff device, is characterized in that, comprises human body cuff and detection control apparatus, and described human body cuff is provided with pressure transducer, and human body cuff is connected by trachea with detection control apparatus; Described detection control apparatus comprises air pump, one-chip computer module, power module, LCD MODULE, low-pass filtering module, amplifier module and high-pass filtering module, the signal that described pressure transducer gathers is successively after low-pass filtering module, amplifier module one, high-pass filtering module, amplifier module two process, one-chip computer module process is inputed to by AD passage, and shown by LCD MODULE, described air pump connects one-chip computer module by venting battery valve, and described power module powers to whole device.
2. a kind of high accuracy Arm-cuff device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described one-chip computer module comprises STM32F103RBT6 single-chip minimum system, electrify restoration circuit and crystal oscillating circuit.
3. a kind of high accuracy Arm-cuff device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pressure transducer adopts MPXM2053GS type pressure transducer.
4. a kind of high accuracy Arm-cuff device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described amplifier module one is instrument amplifier INA122, and amplifier module two is operational amplifier OPA333.
5. a detection method for high accuracy Arm-cuff device, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
S1: upper arm human body cuff being rolled in human body, air pump is inflated human body cuff, is now obtained the blood pressure signal of measured by pressure transducer;
S2: by the blood pressure signal that obtains in step S1 successively through low-pass filter circuit, instrument amplifier circuit, high-pass filtering circuit and operation amplifier circuit, outputed signal;
S3: output signal is input to one-chip computer module by AD passage, and one-chip computer module draws pressure value through computing;
S4: this pressure value is transferred to LCD MODULE, demonstrates pressure value accurately by LCD MODULE.
6. a kind of high accuracy Arm-cuff device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described one-chip computer module comprises STM32F103RBT6 single-chip minimum system, electrify restoration circuit and crystal oscillating circuit.
7. a kind of high accuracy Arm-cuff device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described pressure transducer adopts MPXM2053GS type pressure transducer.
8. a kind of high accuracy Arm-cuff device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described amplifier module one is instrument amplifier INA122, and amplifier module two is operational amplifier OPA333.
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Application publication date: 20151230 |