CN105181652B - Optical field imaging system based on surface plasmon-coupled emission effect - Google Patents
Optical field imaging system based on surface plasmon-coupled emission effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of optical field imaging systems based on surface plasmon-coupled emission effect.The system includes light source unit, laser projection unit, detection unit, calculating and control system, objective table；Glass slide is placed on objective table, the light source unit generates laser and couples it to laser projection unit, and laser projection unit will be on laser projection to glass slide；It is characterized in that, the light-receiving surface of glass slide is covered with metal nanometer thin film, which has a metal nanoparticle；When the metal nanoparticle is located in light field, which generates scattering light, and the ingredient of SP wave vector matching condition is met in the scattering light due to surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, generates SPCE signal at surface plasma body resonant vibration angle；It calculates and control system by moving stage for making metal nanoparticle be located at the different location in the light field of laser, and the intensity of generated SPCE signal when metal nanoparticle is located at each position is detected by detection unit, and accordingly generate the light distribution of light field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical image technology fields more particularly to a kind of based on surface plasmon-coupled emission effect
Optical field imaging system.
Background technique
A kind of means of the optical microscopy imaging as observed objects micro-structure play act foot in the development of modern science
The effect of weight.Especially in fields such as biology, medicine, the invention of optical microscopy is with improvement so that observation of the people to organism
Cellular level is marched toward, research and understanding of the people to biological phenomena have been pushed.However, due to the presence of optical diffraction limit, often
The resolution ratio of the optical microscopy of rule can not be improved infinitely, and be limited to half-wavelength or more.Being with lighting source can
For light-exposed, highest resolution is generally within the scope of 250nm-300nm.Scanning near-field optical imaging technique physically overcomes
With the constraint of the diffraction limit of conventional light microscope.Its basic ideas is by a small items control apart from object
In the range of surface nanoscale (near field range), being converted into the evanescent field information for being strapped in body surface using it can be
The propagation field that far field is received.By accurately scanning and feedback technique, the super-resolution imaging of testee is obtained.However at present
There is also some shortcomings and deficiencies for widely applied summarization of Near-Field Optical Microscopy, main especially when it, which is used as, focuses optical field imaging
Show following three aspects: 1) signal light separates difficulty with exciting light；2) signal light collection efficiency is low；3) near field probe has
There is single light polarization selectivity.
Firstly, how to separate the small-signal light generated by probe from bias light is summarization of Near-Field Optical Microscopy
Critical issue, especially when signal light on spatially and spectrally all with (such as the Rayleigh scattering that sample generates of illumination light when Chong Die
Optical signal).For the type optical microscope for scanning near field of aperture, fibre-optical probe no matter to the evanescent fields of sample surfaces or
Background illumination has certain coupling response.Therefore the optical signal detected by fibre-optical probe includes the letter of bias light always
Breath, reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of system.Scatter-type optical microscope for scanning near field can be excited and be introduced locking phase by oblique incidence and put
The mode of big device reduces the influence of bias light to a certain extent.However this mode of excitation usually requires long reach (one
As be low numerical aperture) object lens receive signal.This can reduce the collection efficiency of signal.The introducing of lock-in amplifier also can simultaneously
The complexity of increase system.
Secondly, current probe system is lower to the collection efficiency of signal light, when this directly affects the scanning imagery of system
Between.By taking the type optical fiber probe of aperture as an example, the efficiency of optical coupling into probe is generally 10-6-10-4.Although passing through the ruler for increasing aperture
It is very little to can effectively improve coupling efficiency, but this can also introduce very strong background light signal simultaneously, and can sacrifice imaging system
Resolution ratio.For scatter-type probe, the evanescent field of sample surfaces is strapped in since the effect of probe is converted into propagation
Scattered light signal.On the one hand there is very wide space angle to be distributed for the transmitting of scattering light；On the other hand, when receiving scattered light signal
The object lens of long reach are usually needed again.These two aspects results in the low collection efficiency of signal light jointly.
Finally, current near-field optical probe has single selectivity to the polarization of light.Due to being strapped in sample surfaces
Evanescent field there is vector property, and its laterally or longitudinally the specific gravity of component with the configuration of surface of sample has very high correlation,
On the one hand this single polarization selectivity can reduce signal conversion and the capacity gauge of system, on the other hand can also make sample
Near field optic image-forming information it is imperfect.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of light fields based on surface plasmon-coupled emission effect
Imaging system separates difficult defect to solve typical near-field optical microscopy signal light with exciting light.The present invention is such reality
Existing:
A kind of optical field imaging system based on surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, including light source unit, laser projection
Unit, detection unit, calculating and control system, objective table；Glass slide is placed on the objective table, the light source unit generates
Laser simultaneously couples it to the laser projection unit, and the laser projection unit is by the laser projection to the glass slide
On；The light-receiving surface of the glass slide is covered with metal nanometer thin film, which has a metal nano
Grain；When the metal nanoparticle is located in the light field of the laser, which, which generates, scatters light, in the scattering light
Meet the ingredient of SP wave vector matching condition due to surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, is generated at surface plasma body resonant vibration angle
SPCE signal；
The calculating and control system are used to make the metal nanoparticle be located at by the mobile objective table described sharp
Different location in the light field of light, and detected by the detection unit produced when the metal nanoparticle is located at each position
SPCE signal intensity, and accordingly generate the light distribution of the light field.
Further, the laser projection unit projects on the glass slide after focusing the laser.
Further, the light source unit includes laser and the first beam splitter；The laser projection unit includes high number
It is worth aperture objective and filter plate；The laser that the laser generates passes sequentially through first beam splitter reflection and the filter plate
It is coupled to the high-NA objective after filtering.
Further, the laser projection unit further includes the first CCD camera and the first positive lens；
The light spot image that the laser is formed on the metal nanometer thin film pass sequentially through the high-NA objective,
Filter plate, the first beam splitter and the first positive lens are acquired by first CCD camera；
First CCD camera is used to send collected light spot image to the calculating and control system is shown.
Further, the detection unit includes high-NA oil immersion objective, the second beam splitter, the second positive lens,
Two CCD cameras, barn door, third positive lens, coupler and photomultiplier tube；
The height is passed sequentially through through the transmitted light ingredient and the SPCE signal of the metal nanoparticle and metal film
The reflected beams and transmitted light beam are beamed into after numerical aperture oil immersion objective and the second beam splitter；Wherein, the reflected beams pass through described
After second positive lens by second CCD camera acquire, transmitted light beam after barn door removes transmitted light ingredient therein, then according to
It is secondary by being coupled to the photomultiplier tube after third positive lens and coupler, through the photomultiplier tube export electric signal；
The photomultiplier tube is connect with the calculating and control system, for sending the calculating for the electric signal
And control system；
The calculating and control system calculate the intensity of the SPCE signal according to the electric signal.
Further, the objective table includes a two-dimensional movement platform and three-dimensional mobile platform；The three-dimensional mobile platform
It is fixed in the two-dimensional movement platform, and maximum mobile accuracy is higher than the two-dimensional movement platform；The two-dimensional movement platform and
Three-dimensional mobile platform is connect with the calculating and control system；
The two-dimensional movement platform is used under the calculating and the control of control system that the metal nanoparticle is thick
It slightly navigates in the light field；
The three-dimensional mobile platform is used for the metal nanoparticle essence under the calculating and the control of control system
Really navigate to the different location of the light field.
Further, the calculating and control system are used for point-by-point according to the maximum mobile accuracy of the three-dimensional mobile platform
The mobile metal nanoparticle makes it reach each position of the light field, and detects the gold by the detection unit
Metal nano-particle is located at the intensity of generated SPCE signal when each position in the light field, and accordingly generates the light field
Light distribution.
Further, the high-NA oil immersion objective is connect with a three-dimensional focus control；The three-dimensional focus control
For adjusting the focal length of the high-NA oil immersion objective.
Further, the glass slide material is silica.
Compared with prior art, the present invention utilize SPCE signal orientation exciting characteristic, effectively by scattered light signal from
It is separated in bias light, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of system detection, meanwhile, also improve the ability of system collecting signal light.Again
Secondary, the present invention utilizes the engery level cracking phenomenon of surface plasma coupled resonance, solves the single polarization selectivity of near field probe
Problem.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: the optical field imaging system structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on surface plasmon-coupled emission effect
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2: " metal nanoparticle-metal nanometer thin film " configuration schematic diagram involved in the present invention；
Fig. 3 a:2nm gap size lower surface plasmon coupling, which resonates, illustrates the response curve of horizontal and vertical electric field
Figure；
Fig. 3 b:1nm gap size lower surface plasmon coupling, which resonates, illustrates the response curve of horizontal and vertical electric field
Figure；
Fig. 4: the surface plasmon-coupled emission result schematic diagram of light is scattered.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.
Technological core of the invention is " metal nanoparticle-metal nanometer thin film " configuration.504 table of metal nanometer thin film
" metal nanoparticle-metal nanometer thin film " configuration can be formed after face adsorbing metal nano particle 505.Fig. 2 show the configuration
Schematic diagram, the configuration are the self-assembly properties using chain molecule, and metal nanoparticle 505 (diameter 20nm-100nm) is adsorbed
It is realized on to metal film (thickness 40-60nm), metallic particles and metal is adjusted in the number by changing chain molecule c-c key
The gap (0.5nm-5nm) of film.The working principle of the configuration in the present invention will be described in detail later.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the optical field imaging system provided by the present invention based on surface plasmon-coupled emission effect
Including light source unit, laser projection unit, detection unit, calculating and control system 4 and objective table.Load glass is placed on objective table
Piece 503, light source unit generate laser and simultaneously couple it to laser projection unit, and laser projection unit is by laser projection to glass slide
On 503.Earth silicon material can be used in glass slide 503, and the light-receiving surface of glass slide 503 is covered with metal nanometer thin film 504, the gold
Belonging to 504 adsorption of nano thin-film has a metal nanoparticle 505.Metal nanometer thin film 504 can be plated by way of plated film
Onto glass slide 503.
Light field will be formed when laser projection unit is by laser projection to glass slide 503.The present invention is based on surface plasmas
The optical field imaging system of body coupling firing effect forms the light field by detecting the field strength of variant position in the light field accordingly
Light distribution (i.e. to optical field imaging).The present invention both can detecte common light field, also can detecte focusing light field, if you need to detect
Light field is focused, then is projected on glass slide 503 again after laser projection unit can focus laser.When metal nanoparticle 505
When in light field, which generates scattering light, meet in the scattering light ingredient of SP wave vector matching condition due to
Surface plasmon-coupled emission effect generates SPCE signal at surface plasma body resonant vibration angle.
It calculates and control system 4 is for being located at metal nanoparticle 505 in the light field of laser by moving stage
Different location, and the intensity of generated SPCE signal when metal nanoparticle 505 is located at each position is detected by detection unit,
And accordingly generate the light distribution of light field.According to the production principle of SPCE signal it is found that metal nanoparticle 505 is located in light field
Exist between the field strength of the intensity and light field of the SPCE signal generated when a certain position in the position and contact, light field is in the position
Field strength is bigger, then metal nanoparticle 505 in the position when the intensity of SPCE signal that generates it is also bigger, therefore, pass through record
The intensity of SPCE signal, can form the light distribution of the light field when metal nanoparticle 505 is located at each position in light field.
In the present invention, light source unit includes laser 101 and the first beam splitter 102, the Transflective of the first beam splitter 102
Than for 1:1.Laser projection unit includes high-NA objective 201 and filter plate 202.The laser that laser 101 generates is successively
By the first beam splitter 102 reflection and filter plate 202 filter after be coupled to high-NA objective 201 (amplification factor range:
10x-100x, NA range: 0.1-0.95).Laser projection unit further includes the first CCD camera 203 and the first positive lens 204, is swashed
The light spot image that light is formed on metal nanometer thin film 504 passes sequentially through 202, first points of high-NA objective 201, filter plate
Beam device 102 and the first positive lens 204 are acquired by the first CCD camera 203, and the first CCD camera 203 is used for collected hot spot figure
It is shown as being sent to calculating and control system 4.Pass through institute's shape on 203 observable laser projection to glass slide 503 of the first CCD camera
At hot spot, determine the position of the hot spot, observe metal nanoparticle 505 whether in the hot spot.
Detection unit includes high-NA oil immersion objective 301, the second beam splitter 302, the second positive lens 303, the 2nd CCD
Camera 304, barn door 305, third positive lens 306, coupler 307 and photomultiplier tube 308.Through metal nanoparticle 505
And the transmitted light ingredient and SPCE signal of metal film pass sequentially through high-NA oil immersion objective 301 (amplification factor 100x, NA=
1.49) the reflected beams and transmitted light beam and after the second beam splitter 302 are beamed into.Wherein, the reflected beams pass through the second positive lens 303
It is acquired afterwards by the second CCD camera 304.It can be found by the second CCD camera 304, observe metallic particles.Transmitted light beam is through barn door
It is coupled to photomultiplier transit after 305 removal transmitted light ingredients therein, then after passing sequentially through third positive lens 306 and coupler 307
Pipe 308 exports electric signal through photomultiplier tube 308.Photomultiplier tube 308 is connect with calculating and control system 4, is used for telecommunications
It number is sent to calculating and control system 4, calculates and control system 4 calculates the intensity of SPCE signal according to electric signal.
Objective table includes a two-dimensional movement platform 501 and three-dimensional mobile platform 502.Three-dimensional mobile platform 502 is fixed on two
It ties up on mobile platform 501, and maximum mobile accuracy is higher than the two-dimensional movement platform 501, two-dimensional movement platform 501 and three-dimensional movement
Platform 502 is connect with calculating and control system 4.Two-dimensional movement platform 501 is used for will be golden under calculating and the control of control system 4
In 505 coarse localization to light field of metal nano-particle；Three-dimensional mobile platform 502 is used under calculating and the control of control system 4 will
Metal nanoparticle 505 is pin-pointed to the different location of light field.In the embodiment of the present invention, the maximum of two-dimensional movement platform 501
Mobile accuracy is 100nm, and the maximum mobile accuracy of three-dimensional mobile platform 502 is 1nm.It calculates and control system 4 is in mobile metal
During nano particle 505, metal nanoparticle can be moved point by point according to the maximum mobile accuracy of three-dimensional mobile platform 502
505, so that it is reached each position of light field, and detect metal nanoparticle 505 by detection unit and be located at each position in light field
The intensity of generated SPCE signal when setting, and accordingly generate the light distribution of light field.
High-NA oil immersion objective 301 is also connect with a three-dimensional focus control 310, calculates and control system 4 can pass through
Three-dimensional focus control 310 adjusts the focal length of high-NA oil immersion objective 301.It calculates and computer can be used in control system 4, lead to
Cross control of the Labview programming realization to objective table and detection unit.
For " metal nanoparticle-metal nanometer thin film " configuration, coupled resonance response is inclined for different incident lights
Engery level cracking phenomenon is presented in vibration, i.e., is total to by the resonance mode of longitudinal electric field excitation due to Coulomb force effect between stronger electronics
Certain red shift is presented relative to the resonance mode that transverse electric field excites for vibration peak.This engery level cracking phenomenon helps to pass through adjusting
Structural parameters carry out the polarization response of regulator control system, and the single polarization selectivity for solving near field probe in current near-field microscope is asked
Topic.Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b give under different gap, response of the surface plasma coupled resonance to horizontal and vertical electric field
Curve.Firstly, from figure it will be clear that the engery level cracking phenomenon that coupled resonance spectral line occurs under different polarization.Its
It is secondary, by changing the spacing of metallic particles and metal film, it can effectively adjust the position of resonance line.This engery level cracking is existing
As facilitating through adjustment structure parameter come the polarization response of regulator control system, this addresses the problem near fields in current near-field microscope
The single polarization selectivity problem of probe.
When in laser irradiation to metal nanoparticle 505, one side laser and metal nanoparticle 505 effect can
Grain surface excitation local surface plasma (LSP).On the other hand, metal nanoparticle 505 generates scattering light in light field, by
The scattering light that metal nanoparticle 505 generates meets the scattering of SP wave vector matching condition due to covering very wide wave vector range
Light ingredient can excite the propagation surface plasma (PSP) on 504 surface of metal nanometer thin film.Propagate surface plasma on the one hand
New surface plasma coupled resonance mode can be generated with the local surface plasma interaction of surface of metal particles, when
When the spacing very little of metal nanoparticle 505 and metal nanometer thin film 504, the local surface etc. on 505 surface of metal nanoparticle
Gas ions and the propagation surface plasma on 504 surface of metal nanometer thin film are interacted by interelectric Coulomb force, phase
Interaction size is directly related with incident light polarization, so as to realize the polarization selectivity detection to light field.On the other hand, when
When receiving signal using high-NA oil immersion objective 301, energy can be coupled to the dielectric layer (glass slide below metal film
503) emitting again for scattering light, is realized.Depending on its launch angle is by the wave vector matching condition of propagation surface plasma.Due to passing
The wave vector for broadcasting surface plasma is greater than the wave vector of incident light in free space, and the launch angle for scattering light is consistently greater than system
Alinternal reflection angle.For example, for 532nm incident light, it is assumed that the refractive index of 504 lower dielectric layer of metal nanometer thin film is
1.515, the scattering light generated by metal nanoparticle 505 realizes that the angle emitted again is after metal nanometer thin film 504
44.2 °, greater than the total internal reflection angle θ TIR=arcsin (1/1.515)=41.3 of system.)
Fig. 4 is experimental result, is shown in what 301 back focal plane of high-NA oil immersion objective was taken by the second CCD camera 304
Spot pattern can react distribution of the optical signal received by high-NA oil immersion objective 301 in angle.In experiment,
The numerical aperture of the high-NA objective 201 of 504 top of metal nanometer thin film is 0.9, the high-NA oil immersion object of lower section
The numerical aperture of mirror 301 is 1.49.It can be seen from figure 4 that the outer of pattern is with a gem-pure bright ring.The bright ring is just
It is to be formed by scattering light through the SPCE signal for orienting excitation after metal nanoparticle 505 and metal film.Bright ring present position is anti-
The launch angle (44.2 °) of SPCE signal is answered.Round speck among pattern is through metal nanoparticle 505 and metal film
Transmitted light ingredient distribution.The high-NA objective 201 for being 0.9 for NA, attainable maximum focusing angle is θ
Max=arcsin (0.9)=64.2 °.It is θ tmax according to the maximum angle that the law of refraction can be readily available transmitted light ingredient
=arcsin (sin (θ max)/1.515)=36.4 °, the boundary corresponding to round speck.Therefore, surface plasma coupling is utilized
Scattered light signal can be effectively spatially separated by conjunction transmitting effect with exciting light (bias light) signal to come, and reduces background and makes an uproar
The influence of sound, simultaneously because SPCE signal directional transmissions, can lifting system collecting signal light ability, the two combines, can be effective
The signal-to-noise ratio of raising system promotes image taking speed.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of optical field imaging system based on surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, including light source unit, laser projection list
Member, detection unit, calculating and control system, objective table；Glass slide is placed on the objective table, the light source unit, which generates, to swash
Light simultaneously couples it to the laser projection unit, and the laser projection unit will be on the laser projection to the glass slide；
It is characterized in that, the light-receiving surface of the glass slide is covered with metal nanometer thin film, which has a gold medal
Metal nano-particle；When the metal nanoparticle is located in the light field of the laser, which generates scattering light, should
Meet the ingredient of SP wave vector matching condition in scattering light due to surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, is total in surface plasma
Shake angle generation SPCE signal；
The calculating and control system are used to make the metal nanoparticle be located at the laser by the mobile objective table
Different location in light field, and detected by the detection unit generated when the metal nanoparticle is located at each position
The intensity of SPCE signal, and accordingly generate the light distribution of the light field；
Wherein, scattering light can spatially be separated with laser using surface plasmon-coupled emission effect.
2. as described in claim 1 based on the optical field imaging system of surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, which is characterized in that
The laser projection unit projects on the glass slide after focusing the laser.
3. as described in claim 1 based on the optical field imaging system of surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, which is characterized in that
The light source unit includes laser and the first beam splitter；The laser projection unit includes high-NA objective and filtering
Piece；The laser that the laser generates pass sequentially through be coupled to after first beam splitter reflection and filter plate filtering it is described
High-NA objective.
4. as claimed in claim 3 based on the optical field imaging system of surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, which is characterized in that
The laser projection unit further includes the first CCD camera and the first positive lens；
The light spot image that the laser is formed on the metal nanometer thin film passes sequentially through the high-NA objective, filtering
Piece, the first beam splitter and the first positive lens are acquired by first CCD camera；
First CCD camera is used to send collected light spot image to the calculating and control system is shown.
5. as described in claim 1 based on the optical field imaging system of surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, which is characterized in that
The detection unit include high-NA oil immersion objective, the second beam splitter, the second positive lens, the second CCD camera, barn door,
Third positive lens, coupler and photomultiplier tube；
The high numerical value is passed sequentially through through the transmitted light ingredient and the SPCE signal of the metal nanoparticle and metal film
The reflected beams and transmitted light beam are beamed into after aperture oil immersion objective and the second beam splitter；Wherein, the reflected beams pass through described second
It is acquired after positive lens by second CCD camera, transmitted light beam is after barn door removes transmitted light ingredient therein, then successively leads to
It is coupled to the photomultiplier tube after crossing third positive lens and coupler, exports electric signal through the photomultiplier tube；
The photomultiplier tube is connect with the calculating and control system, for sending the calculating and control for the electric signal
System processed；
The calculating and control system calculate the intensity of the SPCE signal according to the electric signal.
6. as described in claim 1 based on the optical field imaging system of surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, which is characterized in that
The objective table includes a two-dimensional movement platform and three-dimensional mobile platform；The three-dimensional mobile platform is fixed on the two-dimensional movement
On platform, and maximum mobile accuracy is higher than the two-dimensional movement platform；The two-dimensional movement platform and three-dimensional mobile platform with it is described
It calculates and control system connects；
The two-dimensional movement platform is used under the calculating and the control of control system that the metal nanoparticle is fixed roughly
In position to the light field；
The three-dimensional mobile platform is used under the calculating and the control of control system that the metal nanoparticle is accurately fixed
The different location of the light field is arrived in position.
7. as claimed in claim 6 based on the optical field imaging system of surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, which is characterized in that
The calculating and control system are used to move the metal nano point by point according to the maximum mobile accuracy of the three-dimensional mobile platform
Particle makes it reach each position of the light field, and detects the metal nanoparticle by the detection unit and be located at institute
The intensity of generated SPCE signal when each position in light field is stated, and accordingly generates the light distribution of the light field.
8. as claimed in claim 5 based on the optical field imaging system of surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, which is characterized in that
The high-NA oil immersion objective is connect with a three-dimensional focus control；The three-dimensional focus control is for adjusting the high numerical value
The focal length of aperture oil immersion objective.
9. as described in claim 1 based on the optical field imaging system of surface plasmon-coupled emission effect, which is characterized in that
The glass slide material is silica.
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| CN106908222A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-06-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of measuring method and system of high accuracy microcobjective numerical aperture |
| CN106802232B (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2019-04-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of microcobjective numerical aperture measurement method and system based on total reflection |
| CN107515047B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-08-30 | 鲁东大学 | Detect the device and method of sub-wavelength dimensions multifocal hot spot polarization orientation |
| CN110081969B (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2023-11-24 | 深圳大学 | Light field intensity detection system and method |
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