Background technique
Calcium ammonium nitrate is a kind of chemical fertilizer containing nitrogen and calcium element, wherein most of is nitrate nitrogen, contains a small amount of ammonium state
Nitrogen also contains part aqueous calcium, particularly suitable for water fruits and vegetables, melon and fruit etc., therefore, at home and abroad by extensive as fertilizer
It uses.
Calcium ammonium nitrate mainly has following some advantages:
1, storage and use process in nitrogen volatilization loss it is small.The fertilizer nitrogen that China passes through leaching volatilization loss every year is comparable
Greatly, at the same caused by environmental pollution it is also comparable serious.Nitrate nitrogen can directly be absorbed without soil conversion by crops, nitrogen
Volatilization loss is small, can carry out quickly mending nitrogen to crop.
2, containing nutrient-water-soluble active calcium necessary to crop growth, and calcium is necessary to crop growth
One of nutrient plays an important role in the growth course of crop.
3, property is neutral, can improve soil.Due to the product category neutral fertilizer, it is suitable for a variety of soil, it is especially acid
Soil can improve soil, increase crumb structure, soil is made not agglomerate.
4, it has a safety feature, easily store and carry.Improved goods of the calcium ammonium nitrate as ammonium nitrate, be it is a kind of more than ammonium nitrate
For the nitrate fertilizer of safety.Due to there is the presence of calcium constituent, the nitrogen content in calcium ammonium nitrate has calcium ammonium nitrate than common ammonium nitrate
It is reduced, but its hygroscopicity is lower than common ammonium nitrate, so as to improve caking capacity and thermal stability, in storage and handling process
It is all not susceptible to fire and the risk exploded occurs.
There is also itself some shortcomings as a kind of fertilizer for calcium ammonium nitrate: a deficiency is that product itself is graininess,
When as foliar fertilizer application, solution rate is slow, and product appearance does not have characteristic on commodity;Second deficiency is that calcium constituent is made
Precipitating can be generated once combined into blade by organic acid in crop body for the element that mobility is poor, mobility reduces,
Effect is set to have a greatly reduced quality;In addition, crop in the period of replenishing the calcium is easy to appear interim chlorosis mostly, i.e. magnesium elements and other in a short time
Microelement is insufficient, and calcium ammonium nitrate is used as when replenishing the calcium Fertilizer application, due to without magnesium elements and microelement, Bu Nengtong
When supplement in microelement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof containing calcium ammonium nitrate, solves existing ammonium nitrate
The problem that solution rate existing for calcium is slow, fertilizer efficiency is low.
For achieving the above object, foliar fertilizer provided by the invention, which adopts the following technical solutions, is achieved:
A kind of foliar fertilizer containing calcium ammonium nitrate, the foliar fertilizer are tablet, the mass parts of the component and each component that include
Number is respectively as follows: 10-700 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 10-500 parts of magnesium nitrate, 1-50 parts of Chitosan poly oligosaccharide, polymerization boric acid 1-10 parts, chelated iron
1-50 parts and 1-50 parts of chelated zinc.
Foliar fertilizer as described above, the mass fraction of the calcium ammonium nitrate are 10-700 parts, the quality of the Chitosan poly oligosaccharide
Number is 10-25 parts.
Foliar fertilizer as described above, calcium, magnesium mass ratio are (1-4) in the foliar fertilizer: 1.
To realize aforementioned invention purpose, the preparation method of foliar fertilizer provided by the invention, which adopts the following technical solutions, gives reality
It is existing:
A kind of preparation method of the foliar fertilizer containing calcium ammonium nitrate, includes the following steps:
(1) based on mass fraction, by 10-700 parts of calcium ammonium nitrates, 10-500 parts of magnesium nitrates, 1-50 parts of Chitosan poly oligosaccharides, 1-10
Heating kettles stirring, heating, formation molten state material is added in part polymerization boric acid, 1-50 parts of chelated irons and 1-50 parts of chelated zincs;
(2) molten state material is imported pre-crystallized in pre-crystallized kettle;
(3) material after will be pre-crystallized is transported in the distributing device with attemperator, and material is distributed to biography by distributing device
It send in cooling zone, the crystallisation by cooling in transmission cooling zone forms tablet formula foliar fertilizer.
Preparation method as described above, the heating kettle is the jacket type heating kettle with agitating function, in the step
(1) in, material is stirred in the inner cylinder of jacket type heating kettle, is heated.
Preparation method as described above, the pre-crystallized kettle is the pre-crystallized kettle of jacket type, in the step (2), melting
State material is pre-crystallized in the inner cylinder of the pre-crystallized kettle of jacket type.
Preparation method as described above prepares ring using dehumidifier removal in the step (2) and the step (3)
Moisture in the air of border, control prepare the relative humidity of environment no more than 60%.
Compared with prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: the present invention in calcium ammonium nitrate by adding nitre
Sour magnesium, Chitosan poly oligosaccharide, polymerization boric acid, chelated zinc and chelated iron, calcium ammonium nitrate is modified to containing nitrate nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, micro member
The tablet foliar fertilizer of element and Chitosan poly oligosaccharide, tablet foliar fertilizer large specific surface area, solution rate is fast, is suitable as foliar fertilizer;Shell
Poly oligosaccharide energy complexing calcium ions increase calcium ion in the intracorporal mobility of crop, and reuse ratio improves;Magnesium elements are making object
It is interior preferentially to combine organic acid, it also can be reduced calcium constituent and fix, improve the efficiency of calcium, magnesium elements simultaneously can also resolution stage mistake
Green problem;Microelement appropriate is added simultaneously, nucleus has both been can be used as and has accelerated calcium ammonium nitrate crystallization, formed crystal tablet, and
And necessary micronutrient can be supplemented, thus, improve the fertilizer efficiency of foliar fertilizer.
After a specific embodiment of the invention is read in conjunction with the figure, the other features and advantages of the invention will become more clear
Chu.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to drawings and examples,
Invention is further described in detail.
The present invention for fertilizer efficiency is low existing for existing calcium ammonium nitrate, used as foliar fertilizer when the slow problem of solution rate,
A kind of pair of calcium ammonium nitrate is provided to be improved, form the foliar fertilizer containing calcium ammonium nitrate.Specifically, leaf provided by the invention
Leaven is tablet, the component and each component mass fraction for including be respectively as follows: 10-700 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 10-500 parts of magnesium nitrate,
1-50 parts of Chitosan poly oligosaccharide, boric acid 1-10 parts of polymerization, 1-50 parts of chelated iron and 1-50 parts of chelated zinc.Wherein, calcium ammonium nitrate molecular formula
For 5Ca (NO3)2·NH4NO3·10H2O, molecular weight 1080, total nitrogen content 15.5%, wherein most of is nitrate nitrogen, containing a small amount of
Ammonium nitrogen, also containing 18% water-soluble calcium, particularly suitable for water fruits and vegetables, melon and fruit etc..
Magnesium nitrate in foliar fertilizer can provide nitrate nitrogen and magnesium elements.Magnesium elements make object internal energy preferentially combine it is organic
Acid, and then reduce the probability that calcium constituent is combined by organic acid, fixed, improve the utilization rate of calcium.Moreover, magnesium elements are high
The average of plant dry matter nutrition is 0.2% suitable with P elements ratio, is one of essential element of plant.Nitre
Sour magnesium can promote plant to fully absorb the height of magnesium, nitrogen, increase photosynthesis, improve the comprehensive resistance of crop, improve
Crop quality, improves the yield of crop, and makes various vegetables, the rich skin depth of melon and fruit meat, and resistance to storage and transportation is not perishable, improves commodity rate.
The addition of magnesium elements, moreover it is possible to solve the problems, such as interim chlorosis of crop during replenishing the calcium.
It by adding Chitosan poly oligosaccharide in foliar fertilizer, is complexed with the calcium constituent in foliar fertilizer, increases calcium ion and making object
Interior locomotivity reduces the probability that calcium constituent is combined by other organic acids, fixed, and breaking calcium constituent cannot be mobile in bast
Convention, the effect of enabling the calcium constituent in foliar fertilizer to be moved to the plant organs such as fruit, give full play to calcium constituent.Together
When, there are also biostimulation effects for the Chitosan poly oligosaccharide in foliar fertilizer, can be improved absorption of the crop to other nutrients, improve battalion
The absorption rate of element is supported, and then improves the fertilizer efficiency of foliar fertilizer.
By adding polymerization boric acid in foliar fertilizer, boron element is as a kind of important microelement, to crop root, stem
The organs such as stalk, blade, flower, fruit have important physiological action.Calcium constituent in boron and foliar fertilizer acts synergistically, and can promote
Crop root growth point is sprouted, and is taken a firm foundation for crop late growth.And the magnesium elements in boron and foliar fertilizer act synergistically,
Guarantee crop leaf normal development and the smooth transhipment of photosynthate, avoids photosynthate blade caused by blade accumulation abnormal
Shape.Meanwhile boric acid is polymerize by addition, additionally it is possible to which the effects of promoting pollen tube growth, enhancing fertilization further improves fertilizer
Effect.
By adding chelated iron and chelated zinc in foliar fertilizer, nitrogen metabolism can be catalyzed using Zn-ef ficiency and promotes phosphorus element
Utilization rate, and zinc is the key factor of auxin synthesis, can promote crop growth.And it can be participated in using ferro element
Chlorophyll synthesis plays synergistic effect with magnesium elements, moreover it is possible to participate in luminous energy synthesis process, improve photosynthetic efficiency.Iron, Zn-ef ficiency add
Add, moreover it is possible to solve the problems, such as interim chlorosis of crop during replenishing the calcium.
As preferred embodiment, in foliar fertilizer, the mass fraction of calcium ammonium nitrate is 10-700 parts, the matter of Chitosan poly oligosaccharide
Measuring number is 10-25 parts.Using the preferred mass number, Chitosan poly oligosaccharide and calcium ion complexing completely, were unlikely to complexing, guaranteed
Calcium ion mobility, and calcium ion discharges rapidly after reaching target site and plays physiological action.
And in foliar fertilizer, calcium, magnesium mass ratio are preferably (1-4): 1;It is furthermore preferred that calcium, magnesium mass ratio are 2.5:1.It is this
Preferred proportion is the best calcium and magnesium ratio of Foliar Spraying.By calcium, the control of magnesium mass ratio in preferred proportion, foot both can guarantee
Enough magnesium reduces the fixation of calcium constituent preferably in combination with the organic acid in blade, moreover it is possible to ensure that calcium, magnesium nutrient can be abundant by blade
Absorption.
To obtain the above-mentioned tablet foliar fertilizer containing calcium ammonium nitrate, need using special preparation process.Referring to Figure 1,
The figure shows the flow charts of method one embodiment of foliar fertilizer of the present invention preparation containing calcium ammonium nitrate.
As shown in Figure 1, the method for foliar fertilizer of the embodiment preparation containing calcium ammonium nitrate includes the following steps:
Step 11: based on mass fraction, by 10-700 parts of calcium ammonium nitrates, 10-500 parts of magnesium nitrates, 1-50 parts of Chitosan poly oligosaccharides,
Heating kettle stirring, heating is added in 1-10 parts of polymerization boric acid, 1-50 parts of chelated irons and 1-50 parts of chelated zincs, forms molten state material.
Preferably, heating kettle is the jacket type heating kettle with agitating function, and material is in the inner cylinder of jacket type heating kettle
Stirring, heating.Wherein, the design parameter of jacket type heating kettle are as follows: inner cylinder design pressure is 0.6Mpa, and maximum operating temperature is
170℃;Collet design pressure is 0.6Mpa, and maximum operating temperature is 140 DEG C.Moreover, the material of heating kettle and material contact portion
Matter is stainless steel.
Step 12: molten state material being imported pre-crystallized in pre-crystallized kettle.
Since calcium ammonium nitrate has " supercooling " phenomenon, that is, freezing point is quickly cooled to hereinafter, at this time in calcium ammonium nitrate material
Portion still exists in liquid form, can not solidify quickly, but to wait and just gradually solidify for quite a long time.If directly to molten
Melt state material and crystallize into tablet, crystallization is uneven.To solve this problem, the embodiment is using first by the pre- knot of molten state material importing
It is pre-crystallized in brilliant kettle.
Specifically, molten state material is transported in the inner cylinder of the pre-crystallized kettle of jacket type with collet.Pass through collet
Heat exchange, the material in pre-crystallized kettle is tentatively cooled to close to fusing point, makes have a small amount of crystal seed to generate in liquid.Crystal seed quantity at this time
Less, crystallisation solidification speed is still relatively slow.By futher stirring, cooling down, increase crystal seed quantity and crystal seed is made to grow up.Moreover,
Crystal seed quantity increases, and increases material consistency.It is pre-crystallized to a certain degree, reach can in cooling zone crystallisation by cooling item
Part is exported out of pre-crystallized kettle when such as can be quickly cooled down cured condition in the cooling zone of warm 1 minute.
Step 13: material is transported in the distributing device with attemperator after will be pre-crystallized in pre-crystallized kettle, will by distributing device
Material is distributed in transmission cooling zone, and the crystallisation by cooling in transmission cooling zone forms tablet formula foliar fertilizer.
By feed pump will be pre-crystallized after material be transported in the distributing device with attemperator, pass through the guarantor in distributing device
Warm device can condense in distributing device to avoid material.Then, the roller of physics from distributing device after distributing device will be pre-crystallized is small
Hole is uniformly discharged, and is dropped in the transmission cooling zone below distributing device.It is set in circulating water equipment or other coolings
With the help of standby, material is cooling in cooling zone, crystallizes, solidification, by means of the cooling zone of sheet segmented model, formed crystal,
Tablet formula foliar fertilizer.
Moreover, during pre-crystallized, distributing device cloth and cooling zone are cooled and shaped, being used to prevent crystallization not exclusively
Dehumidifier removal prepares the moisture in surrounding air, and control prepares the relative humidity of environment no more than 60%.
As preferred embodiment, the material being added in heating kettle is controlled according to following ratio: the quality of calcium ammonium nitrate
Number is 10-700 parts, and the mass fraction of Chitosan poly oligosaccharide is 10-25 parts.In addition, the mass fraction for each component that control is added, makes
In the foliar fertilizer that must be prepared, calcium, magnesium mass ratio are (1-4): 1.
By the above method prepare tablet foliar fertilizer, can the young fruit period of the melons and fruits such as apple, grape, watermelon or other
It needs crop to need calcium peak period, implements foliage-spray after diluting 500-1000 times, interval sprays once for 10 days or so, applies 2-3
It is secondary.
Below by the comparison of a foliar fertilizer and other fertilizer using the preparation of above-mentioned preparation method, this is further illustrated
The advantage of invention foliar fertilizer.
By 580 grams of calcium ammonium nitrates, 405 grams of magnesium nitrates, 8 grams of Chitosan poly oligosaccharides, 8 grams of polymerization boric acid, 8 grams of chelated irons and 7 grams of chelas
Zinc is closed, is added sequentially in heating kettle, heating kettle temperature is stepped up to 105 degree, is stirred in heating, become material all
Molten state.Then, molten state material is imported in pre-crystallized kettle by pipeline by feed pump, exchange cooling makes molten state material
Start generate crystal seed, for material crystallization prepare, until reach material can in cooling zone crystallisation by cooling condition.Material is through pre-
After crystallization, then be delivered in distributing device through feed pump, be continuously dropped in by distributing device in conveying cooling zone, in circulating water or
Material crystallization, cooling, solidification, form the finished product of tablet with the help of other auxiliary cooling devices.Each component content in finished product are as follows:
Nitrogen 13%, calcium 11%, magnesium 3.8%, iron 0.1%, zinc 0.1%, boron 0.13%, Chitosan poly oligosaccharide 0.07%, calcium and magnesium ratio are close to 2.5 to 1
The preferable calcium and magnesium ratio of foliage-spray.
12 plants of apple trees are transplanted in apple trial zone, are cultivated with condition.In apple young fruit period, 12 plants of apple trees are divided into
3 groups, every group 4 plants.First group of tablet foliar fertilizer fertilising with above-mentioned preparation containing calcium ammonium nitrate, second group with import high-end calcareous fertilisers
Fertilising, third group are applied fertilizer with common ammonium nitrate calcium.It is that fertilizer is diluted 600 times, every 10 days foliage-sprays when every group of fertilising
1 time, repeat spraying 3 times.Harvest the apple on three groups of apple trees, the result of every group of average product and the hardness of fruit is as follows:
First group: average product 5110.8kg/mu, the hardness of fruit is 10.4kg/ cm2。
Second group: average product 5012.4kg/mu, the hardness of fruit is 9.2kg/ cm2。
Third group: average product 4830.7kg/mu, the hardness of fruit are 8.9kg/ cm2。
Compared by the above results as can be seen that the tablet foliar fertilizer prepared by the present invention containing calcium ammonium nitrate can significantly improve
Apple production, and Apple hardness is also high, absolutely proves the tablet foliar fertilizer prepared by the present invention containing calcium ammonium nitrate to apple
Yield and quality has apparent facilitation.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than is limited;Although referring to aforementioned reality
Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those of ordinary skill in the art, still can be to aforementioned implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features;And these are modified or replace
It changes, the spirit and scope for claimed technical solution of the invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.