A kind of calcic Liquid Fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of moderate-element water-soluble fertilizer for foliage-spray, fertigation, be specifically related to a kind of high density calcic Liquid Fertilizer that adopts the production of colloid chemistry technology and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, the effect of moderate-element in agriculture production more and more paid attention to.Calcium is the important essential nutrient element of crop, in recent years its research and application is also increased to some extent.
Calcium is the essential nutritive element of plant, is in regulation and control status, center in growth and development of plants and response environment are coerced, and studies show that, calcium plays immeasurable effect in plant.Calcium energy stabilizing cell membrane, cell walls also participate in the second messenger and transmit, and regulate osmosis, have enzymatic action etc.The plant calcium deficiency can make the mitogenetic tissues such as its terminal bud, lateral bud and the tip of a root that curling deformity occurs, and leaf margin begins flavescence and downright bad gradually.Fruit tree and vegetables calcium deficiency then cause multiple physiological disease, such as apple bitter pit, acne pinta and water core, Pear black spot and black heart, the Kiwifruit precocity is easily soft, the bright top of peach is softening, orange, lichee, longan and mango dehiscent fruit, and cucumber is crooked, tomato blossom-end rot and Chinese cabbage tipburn etc. have a strong impact on fruit appearance and interior quality and storage tolerance.In the area of calcium deficiency, supplementing calcium element is conducive to the raising of crop product and the lifting of product quality timely and effectively.The mode of executing the solid calcareous fertilisers by traditional soil provides calcium nutrition to crop, easily is subject to the interference of many factors, and actual calcium absorption is poor, and plant recovery of nutrient is on the low side.Adopt the mode of foliage-spray liquid calcium, can effectively evade these unfavorable factors, improve fertilizer efficiency.
Calcic fertilizer mainly contains two kinds of formulations in the market, be solid (pulvis) and liquid (aqua), the former is easy moisture absorption caking in the transportation stacking process, dissolubility is poor during use, lime is strong basicity in traditional calcareous fertilisers, and gypsum is physiological acidic fertilizer often then, and two series products consumptions are all larger, all can produce considerable influence to soil physico-chemical property and environment, need careful use.Calcic fertilizer comprises the water-soluble fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and moderate-element of some calcics, wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer of calcic and phosphate fertilizer often soil execute, the utilising efficiency of calcium is often lower, deposited phenomenon easily occurs under acid, alkali impact, therefore the solid kind humic acid fertilizer should not be as drip irrigation fertilizer and foliar applied fertilizer, and multiplex in the punching fertilising.The latter with water as matrix, but owing to being subjected to the impact of each composition solubleness, nutrient content is lower, and Multiple components combines together crystallization or deposited phenomenon easily occurs, and in temperature in the higher and transportation, the flatulence phenomenon easily occurs in pail pack, so it has certain limitation in production, storage, use.A few days ago, the liquid calcium fertilizer on the market is of a great variety, but nutrient content is often on the low side, and such as auspicious think of calcium etc., calcium contents does not reach 160g/L, and product often is not the fluid attitude, is unfavorable for water-soluble and foliage-spray.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of high density calcic Liquid Fertilizer that adopts the colloid chemistry technology to produce, and preparation method thereof.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of calcic Liquid Fertilizer is to be made by the component of following weight percent: gelling thickener material 0.50~1.00 ‰, macromolecular polysaccharide material 0.20~0.30 ‰, Ca (NO
3)
24 (H
2O) 650~700 ‰, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) zinc 50~70 ‰, cupric ethylene diamine tetraacetate 10.0~13.0 ‰, quadrol two adjacent phenylacetic acid iron 10.0~13.0 ‰, surplus is water.
Preferably, be to be made by the component of following weight percent: gelling thickener 0.75 ‰, macromolecular polysaccharide material 0.25 ‰, Ca (NO
3)
24 (H
2O) 686 ‰, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) zinc 60 ‰, cupric ethylene diamine tetraacetate 11.5 ‰, quadrol two adjacent phenylacetic acid iron 11.5 ‰, surplus is water.
Preferably, described gelling thickener matter is xanthan gum.
Preferably, described macromolecular polysaccharide material is the macromolecular polysaccharide that glucose forms, such as Xylo-Mucine.
The preparation method of described calcic Liquid Fertilizer, step is as follows:
(1) get 30 ‰ water, be heated to 80 ℃ ± 2 ℃, add gelling thickener, constantly emulsification until solution is thick (viscosity, mu ≈ 1.6Pas), is cooled to 50 ℃, leaves standstill 12 hours, gets the transparence colloid, and is for subsequent use;
(2) water of remainder amount is heated to 50 ℃ ± 2 ℃; With ethanol with the macromolecular polysaccharide substance dissolves after (ethanol: macromolecular polysaccharide material mass ratio=1:1), add in the water of aforementioned heating, be stirred to whole dissolvings, get the macromolecular polysaccharide substance solution, for subsequent use;
(3) the above-mentioned colloid that configures is added in the macromolecular polysaccharide substance solution of taking part in Taoism, open emulsifier unit and carry out emulsification, until all reach the state of dissolving each other, get solvent;
(4) solvent that above-mentioned steps (3) is obtained is heated to 80 ℃ ± 2 ℃, and is then disposable or several times with Ca (NO
3)
24 (H
2O) add in the solvent, be stirred to whole dissolvings; Temperature is transferred to 35 ℃ ± 2 ℃, open emulsifier unit and carry out emulsification, add respectively ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) zinc, cupric ethylene diamine tetraacetate and quadrol two adjacent phenylacetic acid iron in the emulsion process, after solute ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) zinc, cupric ethylene diamine tetraacetate and quadrol two adjacent phenylacetic acid iron all dissolve, under whipped state, be cooled to room temperature, namely get the calcic Liquid Fertilizer.
Preferably, in the described step (4), minute 5 adding Ca (NO
3)
24 (H
2O), each add-on is Ca (NO
3)
24 (H
2O) 1/5 of total amount.
Preferably, in the described step (4), first through pulverizing, fineness was more than 60 orders before ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) zinc, cupric ethylene diamine tetraacetate and quadrol two adjacent phenylacetic acid iron added.
Calcic Liquid Fertilizer of the present invention adopts the colloid chemistry technology, forms stable solvent, and can increase the solubleness of calcium ion, its solvability is good, and the calcium nutrient content is high, rich trace elements, reasonable ratio, and have do not precipitate, non-crystallizable, not bleed, can not produce the characteristics such as gas, be the quick-acting fluid calcareous fertilisers of a kind of high density, can be used for foliage-spray and fertigation etc., during concrete the application, sprinkling or drip irrigation get final product afterwards dilute 1000~1200 times.
The preparation method of calcic Liquid Fertilizer of the present invention, gelling thickener matter and macromolecular polysaccharide material is fully emulsified in water, obtain stable colloidal solution, other pulverulent materials through pulverizing, then join in the solvent first, emulsification, stir, and get final product.The present invention does not add any supplementary additive, and the preparation method is simple, need not specific installation.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1 preparation calcic Liquid Fertilizer
Fill a prescription as shown in table 1.
Table 1: the quick-acting fluid calcareous fertilisers of high density proportioning raw materials
The used gelling thickener of the present embodiment is xanthan gum (this prescription uses the abundant rich board xanthan gum of Shanghai vertical strange auxiliary chemicals company limited).
The used macromolecular polysaccharide material of the present embodiment is Xylo-Mucine (this prescription uses Weifang Z-TEK matrix material company limited Z-TEK board Xylo-Mucine).
Preparation method's step is as follows:
(1) get 30 ‰ water, be heated to 80 ℃ ± 2 ℃, add gelling thickener, constantly emulsification, thick (viscosity, mu=1.6Pas), be cooled to 50 ℃ left standstill 12 hours, got the transparence colloid, and is for subsequent use until solution is;
(2) 200 ‰ of the remainder amount water is heated to 50 ℃ ± 2 ℃; With ethanol with the macromolecular polysaccharide substance dissolves after (ethanol: macromolecular polysaccharide material mass ratio=1:1), add in the water of aforementioned heating, be stirred to whole dissolvings, get the macromolecular polysaccharide substance solution (because temperature raises, the ethanol that adds all volatilizees, and product does not contain alcohol) for subsequent use;
(3) the above-mentioned colloid that configures is added in the macromolecular polysaccharide substance solution of taking part in Taoism, open emulsifier unit and carry out emulsification, until all reach the state of dissolving each other, get solvent;
(4) solvent that above-mentioned steps (3) is obtained is heated to 80 ℃ ± 2 ℃, then divides 5 times with Ca (NO
3)
24 (H
2O) add in the solvent, each add-on is nitrocalcite or Ca (NO
3)
24 (H
2O) 1/5 of total amount, be stirred to whole dissolvings; Temperature is transferred to 35 ℃ ± 2 ℃, open emulsifier unit and carry out emulsification, add respectively ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) zinc, cupric ethylene diamine tetraacetate and quadrol two adjacent phenylacetic acid iron in the emulsion process (first through pulverizing, fineness is more than 60 orders), after solute ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) zinc, cupric ethylene diamine tetraacetate and quadrol two adjacent phenylacetic acid iron all dissolve, under whipped state, be cooled to room temperature, namely get the calcic Liquid Fertilizer, CaO content 280g/L wherein, micronutrient levels 40g/L, high (the ρ ≈ 1.5g/cm of this product density
3), potential of hydrogen is meta-acid (pH value=6.0,1:250 measures), viscosity, mu=1.52Pas.
The calcic Liquid Fertilizer of test example: embodiment 1 preparation is on the impact of apple
Test is in Qixia County, shandong apple experimental plot, and experimental field physical features is smooth, fertility is even, and good irrigation conditions is arranged.Supplying to study thing is apple, and kind is the Fuji apple.
Using method:
Avoid during use spraying when noon, temperature was too high.Anti-calcination blade is granted leaf back as far as possible, is convenient to absorb.
Experimental design:
Residential quarter area: residential quarter area 43.8m
2, 5 strain apple trees;
Arrange the residential quarter: amount to 9 residential quarters, take random fashion to arrange.
Test is processed: 3 processing are established in this test altogether, and each is processed and repeats 4 times.
Process 1: conventional fertilizer application+spray and processing 2 equivalent clear water (CK);
Process 2: conventional processing+common calcic liquid fertilizer (600~800 times);
(common calcic liquid fertilizer: the Shandong peasants who dig gold reaches Bioisystech Co., Ltd, knob extraction TM fluid calcium, calcium contents 160g/L adopts common aqua dissolving method to make)
Process 3: conventional fertilizer application+the spray calcic Liquid Fertilizer (1000~1200 times of diluents) of embodiment 1 preparation;
Conventional fertilizer application is the basic sealing fertilizer 50kg(15-15-15 of mu before the field planting), fertilizer 500kg.Growth imposes 5kg/ mu urea once mid-term.
Spray to be treated to and within whole breeding time, spray three times, process 2 and be respectively and spray 800 times, 600 times and 600 times of diluents, process 3 and be respectively and spray 1200 times, 1000 times and 1000 times of diluents, process 1 contemporaneity and spray the equivalent clear water.
Results and analysis
1, the calcic Liquid Fertilizer of embodiment 1 preparation is on the impact of apple blinds fresh weight and thickness, and is as shown in table 2.
The calcic Liquid Fertilizer of table 2: embodiment 1 preparation is on the data that affect of apple blinds fresh weight and thickness
As can be seen from Table 2, the calcic Liquid Fertilizer treatment effect of embodiment 1 preparation is better, and significance test shows, calcic Liquid Fertilizer and the clear water contrast difference of embodiment 1 preparation reach utmost point conspicuous level.
2, the calcic Liquid Fertilizer of embodiment 1 preparation is on the impact of the horizontal warp of apple and fruit type index, and is as shown in table 3.
The calcic Liquid Fertilizer of table 3: embodiment 1 preparation is on the data that affect of the horizontal warp of apple and fruit type index
As can be seen from Table 3, the calcic Liquid Fertilizer treatment effect of embodiment 1 preparation is better, and the horizontal warp of fruit and fruit type index obviously improve.
3, the calcic Liquid Fertilizer of embodiment 1 preparation is on the impact of apple with ripe color degree and smooth finish, and is as shown in table 4.
The calcic Liquid Fertilizer of table 4: embodiment 1 preparation is on the data that affect of apple with ripe color degree and smooth finish
As can be seen from Table 4, it is painted good that the calcic Liquid Fertilizer of embodiment 1 preparation is processed Apple, and light is clean, and commodity rate is high, and common calcic liquid fertilizer processing water wave is heavier.
4, the calcic Liquid Fertilizer of embodiment 1 preparation is on the impact of apple effect of increasing production, and is as shown in table 5.
The calcic Liquid Fertilizer of table 5: embodiment 1 preparation is on the data that affect of apple effect of increasing production
As can be seen from Table 5, the calcic Liquid Fertilizer of embodiment 1 preparation is processed apple,, average yield per mu 2900kg, more common calcic liquid fertilizer is processed average yield per mu 2750kg, and mu volume increase 150kg increases income 5.2%, than clear water control treatment average yield per mu 2400kg, per mu yield increases 500kg, increases income 17.2%。
Conclusion: experiment shows, the calcic Liquid Fertilizer of embodiment 1 preparation sprays the style of calligraphy in the apple development phase, implements foliage spray, can effectively improve the apple tree nutritional status, promotes shoot growth, improves vane thickness and leaf weight, strengthens photosynthesis and anti-adversity ability.Simultaneously, greatly improve apple external quality and interior quality, increase output and improve commodity rate, can in nuisanceless high quality apple production, widely popularize application.