CN105170670A - Wire drawing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a wire drawing machine, which comprises a plurality of wire drawing wheels, the wire drawing wheels are rotatably supported on the transmission box through the wire drawing wheel shaft, and the wire drawing wheel shaft is connected with the driving motor through transmission; The side wall of the transmission box is inclined with respect to the wire drawing path; on the side wall of the transmission box inclined, there are a number of installation end faces for installing the wire drawing wheel shaft, and the installation end faces are parallel to the wire drawing path; the axis line of the wire drawing wheel shaft is in line with the The installation end face is vertical; the installation end faces on one side of the wire drawing wheel are arranged in an orderly dislocation toward the outside; at least one wire drawing guide groove is provided on the wire drawing wheel, and the corresponding wire drawing guide grooves on the same row of wire drawing wheels are also sequentially outward from the beginning to the end Misalignment. The wire drawing machine can avoid the extrusion and friction of the wire in the wire drawing guide groove during the wire drawing process, so as to ensure the improvement of product quality.

Description

Drawing Machine

technical field

The invention relates to a stretching device for metal materials, in particular to a stretching device for metal wires used in electric wires and cables.

Background technique

The wire drawing machine in the wire and cable production equipment is the necessary front-end production equipment in the wire and cable production process. It will pull down the copper, aluminum and other wires as the conductive core material of the wire and cable under a certain traction force to achieve the required elongation. wire diameter specifications. There are many types of wire drawing machines, and the most common form is to realize the wire drawing operation through the wire drawing wheels. The wire drawing wheels are arranged on the wire drawing machine, and there are wire drawing guide grooves on the circumference of the wire drawing wheels. In the plane, the wires to be drawn are wound in the corresponding drawing guide grooves on each drawing wheel from the beginning to the end. After the wires are wound on the drawing guide grooves, it is equivalent to fixing the wires on the drawing wheels. The rotation of the wheel transports the wire from the beginning to the end. After the wire is wound on the wire drawing guide groove and relatively fixed to the wire drawing wheel, the difference in the rotational speed of the two adjacent wire drawing wheels provides the pulling force to thin and elongate the wire. This part of the wire in the wire drawing guide groove is basically not affected by the pulling force when it rotates with the wire drawing wheels, but only with the rotation of the wire drawing wheels, it will generate a dynamic conveying movement from the incoming wire side and then output from the wire outlet side. The section of wire between the two wire drawing wheels will have a difference in line speed due to the difference in speed between the two wire drawing wheels. The line speed of the input side is smaller than the line speed of the output side, so this section of wire will produce plastic deformation. It is thinned and elongated, and its accurate diameter change can be controlled by the die hole diameter of the wire drawing die set between two adjacent wire drawing wheels. After passing through multiple wire drawing wheels, the wire to be wire drawn will be gradually drawn Thin and reach the required size, such a wire drawing method and corresponding wire drawing equipment have been widely used.

With the advancement of technology, the expectations for the production speed and efficiency of wire drawing equipment are constantly increasing, and the requirements for product quality are also getting higher and higher. When meeting such needs, the wires produced by the above wire drawing equipment often have surface defects. The phenomenon of damage causes the difference in product quality, and sometimes the wires wound in the wire drawing guide groove overlap with each other, and even the extreme situation of wire breakage occurs. After checking the occurrence of these phenomena and the input wire drawing The wire quality is not directly related, which has a great impact on the output, efficiency and drawing quality of the wire drawing equipment. The analysis of the above phenomenon shows that the wires to be drawn are wound in the corresponding wire drawing guide grooves on each wire drawing wheel in turn, and the axial position of the input side wire and the output side wire on the same wire drawing wheel is different from the wire rod. The diameter and the number of turns of the wire coiled in the wire drawing guide groove are related, and since the corresponding wire drawing guide grooves on each wire drawing wheel are arranged in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the wire drawing wheel, this makes the wire rod between two adjacent wire drawing wheels. The direction of the running path will not be perpendicular to the axis of the drawing wheel, and there will be a certain deviation angle. The larger the diameter of the wire and the more turns the wire is wound in the wire drawing guide groove, the actual running path direction of the wire will be the same as the axis of the drawing wheel. The greater the angle of deviation to non-perpendicular. The theoretical path that runs between two adjacent wire drawing wheels during the wire drawing process is called the wire drawing path. During the drawing process of the wire, due to the large enough traction force, its theoretical drawing The path is always perpendicular to the axis of the drawing wheel. If the actual path of the wire is skewed, the actual running path of the wire will naturally approach the drawing path during the drawing process, that is, it will tend to be perpendicular to the axis of the drawing wheel, that is to say On the same wire drawing wheel, the axial position of the wires on the input side or the output side tends to approach the axial position of the other side, which causes the wires to squeeze each other in the wire drawing guide groove. The pressure will cause the friction between the wire rod and the adjacent wire wound in the wire drawing guide groove when it enters or leaves the wire drawing guide groove with the rotation of the wire drawing wheel. The existence of this friction will obviously cause damage to the wire rod surface. On the one hand, the damage will affect the quality of the product, on the other hand, it may cause stress concentration at the damaged area during the continuous stretching process, which will gradually enlarge the damage defect until it breaks; the existence of this friction will also increase the tensile resistance , Increase the drawing power loss and cause power waste; the wire with surface damage will also cause additional wear to the drawing wheel, drawing die, etc., increase the loss of machine materials and spare parts, reduce production efficiency, and increase production costs. In addition, the axial position of the wire on the input side or the output side of the same wire drawing wheel tends to approach the axial position of the other side. In severe cases, it may even cause crimping, that is, the overlap of the wire during winding, which will cause the wire to be damaged during the running process. The medium is directly pulled off, resulting in greater losses.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wire drawing machine, which can avoid the mutual extrusion and friction of the wires in the wire drawing guide groove during the wire drawing process, so as to ensure the improvement of product quality.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, a wire drawing machine of the present invention includes several wire drawing wheels, the wire drawing wheels are rotatably supported on the transmission box through the wire drawing wheel shaft, and the wire drawing wheel shaft is connected with the driving motor in transmission; At least lined up in one row, the side wall of the transmission box is arranged obliquely with respect to the wire drawing path; on the side wall of the inclined transmission box, a number of installation end faces for installing the wire drawing wheel shaft are arranged, and the installation end faces are parallel to the wire drawing path; the wire drawing wheel shaft The axis line of the wire drawing wheel is perpendicular to the installation end face; the installation end faces on one side of the wire drawing wheel are arranged in a dislocation to the outside in turn; at least one wire drawing guide groove is arranged on the wire drawing wheel, and the corresponding wire drawing guide groove on the same row of wire drawing wheels is also redesigned. To the end in turn outward dislocation arrangement.

In the above structure, the wire drawing path is a theoretical path that runs between two adjacent wire drawing wheels during the wire drawing process, and the wire drawing path is perpendicular to the axis of the wire drawing wheels. If it is set at an incline, the side wall of the transmission box set at an incline provides a basic guarantee for ensuring the consistency between the actual running path of the wire and the wire drawing path during the wire drawing process. The wire drawing wheels lined up from the beginning to the end on the side wall of the transmission box will be The inclination of the side wall of the transmission box relative to the wire drawing path produces a certain misalignment in the axial direction of the wire drawing wheel. Such a misalignment will make the corresponding wire drawing guide grooves on the two adjacent wire drawing wheels adapt to the wire on the input side of the wire drawing wheel and the output side of the wire. The distance of the axial position of the wire, so that the wire can enter the next drawing wheel in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the drawing wheel after the wire is input on the previous drawing wheel, and then wound and output. The axial positions of the input and output on the guide groove are relatively consistent, and the actual running path of the wire can also be consistent with the drawing path. And because a plurality of installation end faces for installing the wire drawing wheel shafts are arranged on the side wall of the transmission case inclined, the installation end faces are parallel to the wire drawing path, the axis line of the wire drawing wheel shaft is perpendicular to the installation end faces, and each side of the wire drawing wheel is located on one side of the wire drawing wheel. The installation end faces are misplaced to the outside in turn, and the wire drawing wheel shafts are rotated and supported on the side wall of the transmission box through the installation end face and the rotation support hole of the wire drawing wheel shaft, which can ensure that they are arranged in a row on the side wall of the transmission box from the beginning to the end and installed on each wire drawing wheel shaft The wire drawing wheel can produce a corresponding misalignment in the axial direction of the wire drawing wheel, so as to ensure the consistency between the actual running path of the wire and the wire drawing path. Also because at least one wire drawing guide groove is provided on the wire drawing wheels, the corresponding wire drawing guide grooves on the same row of wire drawing wheels are also arranged in a dislocation to the outside from the beginning to the end, and then the corresponding wire drawing guide grooves on the same row of wire drawing wheels are also arranged from the beginning to the end. The staggered arrangement from end to end ensures that the actual running path of the wire is consistent with the wire drawing path during the wire drawing process. After the wire is input and wound on the wire drawing guide groove, it can be output from the direction perpendicular to the axis of the wire drawing wheel, and in the The axis of the drawing wheel enters the corresponding drawing guide groove of the next drawing wheel in the direction perpendicular to the axis, so that the drawing process is completed after being stretched by each drawing wheel in turn. The deviation of the path will not cause the axial position of the wire on the input side or the output side of the wire drawing guide to approach the axial position of the other side, and the adjacent wires wound in the wire drawing guide will therefore also There will be no contact, and it will not cause the wires to squeeze each other in the wire drawing guide groove. Friction is no longer possible, thereby ensuring the improvement of product quality.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inclination angle α of the side wall of the transmission box relative to the wire drawing path is 1° to 5°. With this embodiment, the inclination angle of the side wall of the transmission box from 1° to 5° relative to the wire drawing path can meet the requirements of the misalignment of the wire drawing wheels arranged in a row from the beginning to the end on the side wall of the transmission box in the axial direction of the wire drawing wheels. The amount of misalignment can ensure that the actual running path of the wire can be consistent with the wire drawing path after the wire with the largest diameter to be processed is wound on the wire drawing wheel for the required number of turns, so as to ensure that the wire in the wire drawing guide groove can be avoided during the wire drawing process. extrusion and friction.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the installation end surfaces on the same side of the transmission box are arranged in one to four rows from the beginning to the end; the installation end surfaces on the opposite side of the wire drawing wheel are arranged inwardly in a dislocation sequence. This implementation method can meet the installation requirements of multiple rows of wire drawing wheels, and the installation end faces on the opposite side of the wire drawing wheels are sequentially arranged inwardly and staggered so that the corresponding installation end faces on both sides of the transmission box can maintain a relatively uniform axial distance. , to facilitate the manufacture and installation of wire drawing axles.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance A between two adjacent mounting end faces on the same row in the axial direction of the wire drawing wheel is 1 to 8 times the diameter of the drawn wire. By adopting this embodiment, an installation basis with sufficient misalignment can be provided for two adjacent wire drawing wheels installed on the installation end face, so as to ensure the misalignment requirements of the corresponding wire drawing guide grooves on the two adjacent wire drawing wheels.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drawing wheels are arranged in one to four rows from the beginning to the end on the side of the transmission box. With this embodiment, multi-head wire drawing can be realized and the number of wire drawing heads can be increased as much as possible to improve the production efficiency of the wire drawing machine.

In another further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance B between two adjacent wire drawing guide grooves corresponding to the same row of wire drawing wheels in the axial direction of the wire drawing wheel is 1 to 8 times the diameter of the drawn wire. Using this embodiment, the distance between the two adjacent wire drawing guide grooves corresponding to the same row of wire drawing wheels in the axial direction of the wire drawing wheel can meet the requirement that the wire to be drawn is wound 1 to 4 times in the wire drawing guide groove, and ensure that the wire drawing guide There is a certain gap between adjacent wires in the groove, so as to ensure avoiding the extrusion and friction of the wires in the wire drawing guide groove during the wire drawing process.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, each wire drawing wheel is provided with one to twelve wire drawing guide grooves. By adopting this embodiment, each row of wire drawing wheels can draw up to twelve wires at the same time, thereby improving production efficiency.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom surface of the wire drawing guide groove is a circular table top, and the angle β between the bus bar of the bottom circular table surface of the wire drawing guide groove and the axis center line of the wire drawing wheel is 0.5°-1.5°, and the bottom surface of the wire drawing guide groove The round platform is arranged inclined outwardly. Adopting this embodiment, the wire drawing guide groove at the bottom of the conical table surface inclined to the outside can make the wire wound on the wire drawing guide groove have an outward axial component force, and the axial component force is related to the wire rod in the wire drawing guide groove. The axial direction of the winding in the groove is consistent, and the wire in the wire drawing guide groove has a tendency to move outward without adding additional force, so that the distance between the wires in the wire drawing guide groove will be maintained at least at the initial State, and will not tend to move closer to each other, thereby further avoiding the extrusion and friction of the wire in the wire drawing guide groove during the wire drawing process.

In another further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wire drawing wheel includes a wire drawing wheel body and a ceramic sleeve fitted on the wire drawing wheel body, and the wire drawing guide groove is arranged on the outer ring of the ceramic sleeve. With this embodiment, the wear resistance of the wire drawing guide groove can be greatly improved, and it is also more conducive to the improvement of product quality, and the ceramic sleeve provided with the wire drawing guide groove can be easily replaced, and the service life of the entire wire drawing wheel will be reduced. longer.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a wire drawing eye die is arranged between two adjacent wire drawing wheels, and the wire drawing eye die is supported on the installation end surface by the wire drawing die holder. With this embodiment, the drawing eye die can ensure the radial dimension of each drawing section during the wire drawing process, thereby improving product quality, and the wire drawing die base is installed on the installation end surface, which is convenient to ensure the position size of the drawing eye die and the wire drawing guide groove relation.

Description of drawings

The wire drawing machine of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the top view of a specific embodiment of the wire drawing machine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the structure shown in Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3 is the A direction view of Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 4 is the B direction view of Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the structure shown in Fig. 1 after sectioning;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the transmission box in the structure shown in Fig. 5 ;

In the figure : 1-drawing path, 2-transmission box, 3-drawing wheel, 4-installation end face, 5-drawing die base, 6-drawing wheel shaft, 7-bridge wheel shaft, 8-drawing eye die.

Detailed ways

In the wire drawing machine shown in Figures 1 to 6 , the wire drawing path 1 is the theoretical path that runs between two adjacent wire drawing wheels 3 during the wire drawing process. During the wire drawing process, the wire to be drawn enters a wire drawing wheel 3 and after winding several times on the drawing wheel 3, the output enters the next drawing wheel 3 and is output after being wound. Due to the effect of the pulling force of the drawing, the wire runs from the output point on one drawing wheel 3 to the next in theory. The theoretical path between the input points on the drawing wheels 3 must be the shortest distance between two adjacent drawing wheels 3 , so the running direction of the wire on the shortest distance is the drawing path 1 . That is to say, the wire drawing path 1 is a line segment that is tangent to the outer circles of the wound parts on two adjacent wire drawing wheels 3 and perpendicular to the center line of the wire drawing wheels 3. The direction in which the wire drawing path 1 runs is the wire drawing process. Theoretical stretching direction.

The transmission box 3 is the basic part of the whole wire drawing machine. All the working parts of the wire drawing machine are supported on the transmission box. The transmission box 3 is a rectangular parallelepiped groove structure. The inclined setting, the inclination angle α of the side wall of the transmission box 3 relative to the wire drawing path 1 is 1° to 5°, and the commonly used range is between 1.5° and 2.5°.

On the side wall of the transmission box 3 that is inclined, there are several installation end faces 4 for installing the drawing wheel shaft 6. The installation end face 4 is a rectangular plane. Parallel to the wire drawing path 1; the installation end faces 4 on the same side of the transmission box 2 are arranged in two rows up and down from the beginning to the end; The mounting end faces 4 of the same row on the side wall on the opposite side of the wheel 3 are arranged inwardly inwardly, and the mounting end faces 4 of the same row after the shifting arrangement form a stepped shape; as shown in Figure 6 , two adjacent mounting faces on the same row The distance A of the axial misalignment of the end faces 4 on the wire drawing wheel 3 is the distance between the stepped surfaces formed by the two stepped mounting end faces 4, and the distance A is taken as 1 to 8 times the diameter of the drawn wire.

The wire drawing wheel 3 is the main working part of the wire drawing machine. The wire drawing wheel 3 is fixedly installed on the wire drawing wheel shaft 6 and is rotatably supported on the side wall of the transmission box 2 by the wire drawing wheel shaft 6. Each wire drawing wheel 3 is on the side wall of the transmission box 2 from head to The tails are arranged in two rows up and down, and each wire drawing wheel 3 is correspondingly located on a mounting end surface 4. The same row of wire drawing wheels 3 does not mean that the axis lines of each wire drawing wheel 3 must be on the same plane, but only means that the wire drawing of the row The wheel 3 corresponds to stretching a certain number of wires at the same time, and the number of wires stretched at the same time corresponds to the number of the wire drawing guide grooves 33 provided on the wire drawing wheel 3. In this embodiment, the wire drawing wheel 3 is provided with There are eight wire drawing guide grooves 33, which means that each row of wire drawing wheels 3 can draw eight wires at the same time; The wire-drawing guide grooves 33 at the corresponding axial positions, the corresponding wire-drawing guide grooves 33 on the same row of wire-drawing wheels 3 are also shifted outwards from the beginning to the end, and the two adjacent wire-drawing guide grooves 33 are axially misaligned on the wire-drawing wheels 3 The distance B is 1 to 8 times the diameter of the drawn wire.

The wire drawing wheel 3 is the main working part of the wire drawing machine. The wire drawing wheel 3 is fixedly installed on the wire drawing wheel shaft 6 and is rotatably supported on the side wall of the transmission box 2 by the wire drawing wheel shaft 6. Each wire drawing wheel 3 is on the side wall of the transmission box 2 from head to The tails are arranged in two rows up and down, and each wire drawing wheel 3 is correspondingly located on a mounting end surface 4. The same row of wire drawing wheels 3 does not mean that the axis lines of each wire drawing wheel 3 must be on the same plane, but only means that the wire drawing of the row The wheel 3 corresponds to stretching a certain number of wires at the same time, and the number of wires stretched at the same time corresponds to the number of wire drawing guide grooves set on the wire drawing wheel 3. In this embodiment, the wire drawing wheel 3 is provided with Eight wire drawing guide grooves mean that each row of wire drawing wheels 3 can draw eight wires at the same time; The drawing guide grooves on the same row of drawing wheels 3 are also arranged in a dislocation direction from the beginning to the end, and the distance B between the two adjacent drawing guide grooves in the axial direction of the drawing wheels 3 is 1 to 8 times the diameter of the wire being made.

As shown in FIG. 5 , a wire drawing eye die 8 is arranged between two adjacent wire drawing wheels 3 , and the wire drawing eye die 8 is supported on the installation end surface 4 through the wire drawing die base 5 . The die hole center of the wire drawing eye die 8 is located on the wire drawing path 1; a helical gear is installed on the wire drawing wheel shaft 6 in the transmission box 2, and the two adjacent wire drawing wheel shafts 6 are connected by a bridge helical gear transmission, and the two adjacent wire drawing wheel shafts 6 The transmission ratio between the upper helical gears is the stretching ratio of the wire between the two adjacent drawing wheels 3, the bridge helical gear is installed on the bridge wheel shaft 7, and the two ends of the bridge wheel shaft 7 are rotatably supported on the transmission box 2 On the two side walls, at least one wire drawing wheel shaft 6 or bridge wheel shaft 7 is connected to the drive motor. Generally, each wire drawing wheel 3 of the whole wire drawing machine is divided into two parts from the beginning to the end, which are respectively driven by two drive motors. An anti-reversal mechanism is provided to avoid confusion caused by reverse running of the wire on the drawing wheel 3 when the drawing wheel 3 is reversed in special circumstances.

The above has only listed some specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and more improvements and transformations can be made, such as the drawing wheel 3 on the side wall of the transmission case 2 from beginning to end. Arranged in two rows up and down, but in one row, three rows or four rows; each wire drawing wheel 3 may not be provided with eight wire drawing guide grooves 33, but may be any one of one to seven or nine to twelve number; each ceramic sleeve 32 may not be provided with two wire drawing guide grooves 33, but may be provided with a wire drawing guide groove 33 on each ceramic sleeve 32 or three to twelve wire drawing guide grooves 33 are set on each ceramic sleeve 32 ; Correspondingly, each wire drawing wheel 3 may not be correspondingly located on a mounting end face 4, but two adjacent wire drawing wheels 3 in two rows of wire drawing wheels 3 may be correspondingly located on a mounting end face 4, or the same row of wire drawing wheels 3 In the wheel 3, the two drawing wheels 3 adjacent to each other on the left and right are correspondingly located on an installation end surface 4; in this way, the installation end surfaces 4 on the same side wall may not be arranged in two rows, but may be arranged in one row, three rows or four rows . And so on, as long as the improvements and transformations made on the basis of the basic principle of the present invention should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a wire drawing machine, comprises some pulling wheels (3), and pulling wheel (3) is by wire drawing wheel shaft (6) rotating support on transmission case (2), and wire drawing wheel shaft (6) and drive motors are in transmission connection; Pulling wheel (3) from first to last at least forms a line on transmission case (2) sidewall, it is characterized in that: described transmission case (3) sidewall is obliquely installed relative to wire drawing path (1); The transmission case be obliquely installed (3) sidewall being provided with some installation end faces (4) for installing wire drawing wheel shaft (6), end face (4) being installed parallel with wire drawing path (1); The axial line of described wire drawing wheel shaft (6) is vertical with installation end face (4); The each installation end face (5) being positioned at pulling wheel (3) side Heterogeneous Permutation laterally successively; Described pulling wheel (3) is at least provided with a wire drawing guide groove (33), the upper corresponding wire drawing guide groove (33) of same row pulling wheel (3) also from first to last Heterogeneous Permutation laterally successively.

2. wire drawing machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described transmission case (2) sidewall is 1 ° to 5 ° relative to the tilt angle alpha of wire drawing path (1).

3. wire drawing machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the installation end face (4) of described transmission case (2) the same side from first to last lines up one to four row; Be positioned at each installation end face (4) Heterogeneous Permutation to the inside successively of the relative side of pulling wheel (3).

4. wire drawing machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on same row, adjacent two install 1 to 8 times that end face (4) is drawn gauge or diameter of wire at the distance A of pulling wheel (3) axile displacement.

5. wire drawing machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: each pulling wheel (3) from first to last lines up one to four row in transmission case (2) side.

6. wire drawing machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 1 to 8 times that the adjacent two wire drawing guide grooves (33) that same row pulling wheel (3) is corresponding are drawn gauge or diameter of wire at the distance B of pulling wheel (3) axile displacement.

7. wire drawing machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: each pulling wheel (3) is provided with one to ten two wire drawing guide groove (33).

8. wire drawing machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described wire drawing guide groove (33) groove bottom is round table surface, the bus of wire drawing guide groove (33) bottom land round table surface and the angle β of pulling wheel (3) axial line are 0.5 °-1.5 °, and wire drawing guide groove (33) bottom land round table surface is obliquely installed laterally.

9. the wire drawing machine according to claim 1 or 8, is characterized in that: described pulling wheel (3) comprises wire drawing wheel body (31) and is set in wire drawing wheel body (31) ceramic jacket outward (32), and described wire drawing guide groove (33) is arranged at ceramic jacket (32) outer ring.

10. wire drawing machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: between adjacent two pulling wheels (3), be provided with wire drawing eye mould (8), and wire drawing eye mould (8) is supported on described installation end face (4) by wire drawing die holder (5).