CN105154724A - Carbon nano tube reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Carbon nano tube reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN105154724A
CN105154724A CN201510551054.1A CN201510551054A CN105154724A CN 105154724 A CN105154724 A CN 105154724A CN 201510551054 A CN201510551054 A CN 201510551054A CN 105154724 A CN105154724 A CN 105154724A
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carbon nanotube
composite material
aluminium
based composite
granularity
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CN105154724B (en
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刘莉
王爽
邱晶
刘晓东
黄明明
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Xie Haitao
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Suzhou Netshape Composite Materials Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon nano tub reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 4.2%-10.0% of carbon nano tube, 4.5%-5.4% of silicon carbide, 0.8%-2.1% of zinc, 1.0%-2.2% of chromium, 2.2%-4.5% of titanium, 0.3%-1.5% of lead, 0.5%-1.0% of silver, 2.3%-4.6% of yttrium oxide and the balance of balance. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a, carrying out microwave activation on the carbon nano tube by potassium hydroxide; b, uniformly mixing the components by virtue of a mechanical ball-milling and mixing machine; and c, sintering the components to obtain the composite material. The carbon nano tub reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared by the preparation method has high brinell hardness, high elastic modulus, high tensile strength, good comprehensive performance and a reliable and efficient process.

Description

A kind of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal composite field, particularly relate to a kind of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Carbon nanotube (Carbonnanotubes, CNTs) be 1991 by Japanese NEC Corporation scientist Sumio Iijima under high resolution transmission electron microscopy find, as one dimension carbon group material, it forms by single or multiple lift graphite flake layer is bending, be similar to hollow cylindrical body, density only has 1/6 of steel, quality is light, length-to-diameter ratio is very big, strength and modulus is high, have excellent mechanical property, electric property, thermomechanical property and physical and chemical performance, therefore its potential industrial application value causes and pays close attention to widely.CNTs is also regarded as desirable composite material reinforcement body simultaneously, is widely used in the middle of polymer, pottery and metal composite.
Aluminium alloy, due to characteristics such as density are little, intensity is high, plasticity is good, has application widely in national economy and the high-technology field such as aerospace, defence and military.Along with countries in the world are to the pay attention to day by day of energy-saving and emission-reduction, problem of environmental pollution, the mechanical property of aluminium alloy is had higher requirement.
Metal-base composites (Metalmatrixcomposites, MMC) take metal or alloy as matrix, and particle whisker, staple fibre, continuous fibre are a kind of material of strengthening phase.It has very strong designability degree of freedom, by choose reasonable matrix alloy, wild phase kind and preparation technology and parameter, can realize good complex effect, thus obtain the matrix material of excellent performance.The superpower mechanical property of CNTs greatly can improve intensity and the toughness of matrix material.Carbon nano-tube reinforced metal-matrix composite material (CNTs/MMC) is the type material developed rapidly recent years, has excellent physics and chemistry and mechanical property.
The advantage such as CNTs/A1 based composites has high specific strength, wear resistant corrosion resistant is high temperature resistant, lightweight is stable, electrical and thermal conductivity performance is good and thermal expansivity is low, has become aerospace and other indispensable high performance materials in sophisticated technology field.Along with the development of science and technology is more and more higher to material performance requirement, need the novel aluminium based matrix material of more excellent property to meet the demand of modern industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material that a kind of Brinell hardness, Young's modulus and tensile strength are high and preparation method thereof.
A kind of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material that the present invention relates to is made up of the component of following mass percent: carbon nanotube 4.2% ~ 10.0%, silicon carbide 4.5% ~ 5.4%, zinc 0.8% ~ 2.1%, chromium 1.0% ~ 2.2%, titanium 2.2% ~ 4.5%, plumbous 0.3% ~ 1.5%, silver 0.5% ~ 1.0%, yttrium oxide 2.3% ~ 6.4%, surplus is aluminium.
Described carbon nanotube granularity is 10nm ~ 20nm, carborundum granularity is 30 μm ~ 50 μm, zinc granule degree is 5 μm ~ 20 μm, chromium granularity is 50 μm ~ 100 μm, titanium granularity is 15 μm ~ 60 μm, and lead button degree is 50 μm ~ 80 μm, and silver granuel degree is 20nm ~ 50nm, yttrium oxide granularity is 0.5 μm ~ 1.0 μm, and aluminium particle size is 20 μm ~ 30 μm.
As the further improvement to invention, carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is made up of the component of following mass percent: carbon nanotube 6.6% ~ 9.0%, silicon carbide 4.8% ~ 5.0%, zinc 1.2% ~ 1.8%, chromium 1.4% ~ 2.0%, titanium 3.0% ~ 4.0%, plumbous 0.6% ~ 1.0%, silver 0.6% ~ 0.8%, yttrium oxide 4.0% ~ 5.0%, surplus is aluminium.
As the further improvement to invention, carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material is made up of the component of following mass percent: carbon nanotube 8.2%, silicon carbide 4.9%, zinc 1.6%, chromium 1.8%, titanium 3.5%, plumbous 0.8%, silver 0.7%, yttrium oxide 4.5%, surplus is aluminium.
A preparation method for carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps:
(1) carbon nanotube is put into the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 20%, microwave stirring reaction 10min ~ 40min at 80 DEG C, filter, filter residue to neutral, puts into the oven dry of 100 DEG C, baking oven with distilled water flushing, obtains the carbon nanotube after activating, for subsequent use;
(2) take the carbon nanotube after silicon carbide, zinc, chromium, titanium, lead, silver, yttrium oxide, aluminium and activation by mass percentage, cross 200 mesh sieves, with mechanical ball milling mixer Homogeneous phase mixing, form uniform mixed powder, for subsequent use;
(3) by the mixed powder obtained in pressure be 14.0MPa ~ 15.5MPa, temperature sinters 30min ~ 50min under being the condition of 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C, namely obtains carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material.
As the further improvement to invention, the microwave stirring reaction time described in step (1) is 25min.
As the further improvement to invention, the pressure described in step (3) is 14.8MPa, and temperature is 1260 DEG C.
The present invention has the following advantages: carbon nanotube potassium hydroxide solution activates by a. the present invention under microwave condition, shorten carbon nanotube soak time, and the carbon nanotube after activation achieves and mixes with the uniform cross of aluminium alloy, the matrix material multiplicity of preparation is increased further, and mechanical property is more excellent; B. the rare-earth oxide yttrium oxide added in smelting process by Preferential adsorption on the crystal boundary of metallic aluminium, reduce its interfacial energy, increase the work of adhesion at interface, reduce wetting angle, improve the wettability of metallic aluminium, thus improve the tissue of matrix material, improve the performance of matrix material; C. preparation method of the present invention is applied widely, energy-and time-economizing, and the Brinell hardness of the carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material of preparation, Young's modulus and tensile strength are high, and this composite material combination property is good, and process is efficient.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is further described in detail, but is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
Carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, be made up of the component of following mass percent: the carbon nanotube 4.2% of granularity 10nm ~ 20nm, granularity is the silicon carbide 4.5% of 30 μm ~ 50 μm, granularity is the zinc 0.8% of 5 μm ~ 20 μm, granularity is the chromium 1.0% of 50 μm ~ 100 μm, granularity is the titanium 2.2% of 15 μm ~ 60 μm, granularity is the lead 0.3% of 50 μm ~ 80 μm, granularity is the silver 0.5% of 20nm ~ 50nm, granularity is the yttrium oxide 2.3% of 0.5 μm ~ 1.0 μm, surplus to be granularity the be aluminium of 20 μm ~ 30 μm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps:
(1) carbon nanotube is put into the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 20%, microwave stirring reaction 10min at 80 DEG C, filter, filter residue to neutral, puts into the oven dry of 100 DEG C, baking oven with distilled water flushing, obtains the carbon nanotube after activating, for subsequent use;
(2) take the carbon nanotube after silicon carbide, zinc, chromium, titanium, lead, silver, yttrium oxide, aluminium and activation by mass percentage, cross 200 mesh sieves, with mechanical ball milling mixer Homogeneous phase mixing, form uniform mixed powder, for subsequent use;
(3) by the mixed powder obtained in pressure be 14.0MPa, temperature sinters 30min ~ 50min under being the condition of 1200 DEG C, namely obtains carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material.
Embodiment 2
Carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, be made up of the material of following mass percent: the carbon nanotube 10.0% of granularity 10nm ~ 20nm, granularity is the silicon carbide 5.4% of 30 μm ~ 50 μm, granularity is the zinc 2.1% of 5 μm ~ 20 μm, granularity is the chromium 2.2% of 50 μm ~ 100 μm, granularity is the titanium 4.5% of 15 μm ~ 60 μm, granularity is the lead 1.5% of 50 μm ~ 80 μm, granularity is the silver 1.0% of 20nm ~ 50nm, granularity is the yttrium oxide 6.4% of 0.5 μm ~ 1.0 μm, surplus to be granularity the be aluminium of 20 μm ~ 30 μm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps:
(1) carbon nanotube is put into the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 20%, microwave stirring reaction 40min at 80 DEG C, filter, filter residue to neutral, puts into the oven dry of 100 DEG C, baking oven with distilled water flushing, obtains the carbon nanotube after activating, for subsequent use;
(2) take the carbon nanotube after silicon carbide, zinc, chromium, titanium, lead, silver, yttrium oxide, aluminium and activation by mass percentage, cross 200 mesh sieves, with mechanical ball milling mixer Homogeneous phase mixing, form uniform mixed powder, for subsequent use;
(3) by the mixed powder obtained in pressure be 15.5MPa, temperature sinters 30min ~ 50min under being the condition of 1350 DEG C, namely obtains carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material.
Embodiment 3
Carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, be made up of the component of following mass percent: the carbon nanotube 7.5% of granularity 10nm ~ 20nm, granularity is the silicon carbide 5.0% of 30 μm ~ 50 μm, granularity is the zinc 1.8% of 5 μm ~ 20 μm, granularity is the chromium 1.4% of 50 μm ~ 100 μm, granularity is the titanium 3.2% of 15 μm ~ 60 μm, granularity is the lead 1.2% of 50 μm ~ 80 μm, granularity is the silver 0.8% of 20nm ~ 50nm, granularity is the yttrium oxide 3.5% of 0.5 μm ~ 1.0 μm, surplus to be granularity the be aluminium of 20 μm ~ 30 μm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps:
(1) carbon nanotube is put into the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 20%, microwave stirring reaction 30min at 80 DEG C, filter, filter residue to neutral, puts into the oven dry of 100 DEG C, baking oven with distilled water flushing, obtains the carbon nanotube after activating, for subsequent use;
(2) take the carbon nanotube after silicon carbide, zinc, chromium, titanium, lead, silver, yttrium oxide, aluminium and activation by mass percentage, cross 200 mesh sieves, with mechanical ball milling mixer Homogeneous phase mixing, form uniform mixed powder, for subsequent use;
(3) by the mixed powder obtained in pressure be 15.0MPa, temperature sinters 30min ~ 50min under being the condition of 1320 DEG C, namely obtains carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material.
Embodiment 4
Carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, be made up of the component of following mass percent: the carbon nanotube 8.2% of granularity 10nm ~ 20nm, granularity is the silicon carbide 4.9% of 30 μm ~ 50 μm, granularity is the zinc 1.6% of 5 μm ~ 20 μm, granularity is the chromium 1.8% of 50 μm ~ 100 μm, granularity is the titanium 3.5% of 15 μm ~ 60 μm, granularity is the lead 0.8% of 50 μm ~ 80 μm, granularity is the silver 0.7% of 20nm ~ 50nm, granularity is the yttrium oxide 4.5% of 0.5 μm ~ 1.0 μm, surplus to be granularity the be aluminium of 20 μm ~ 30 μm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps:
(1) carbon nanotube is put into the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 20%, microwave stirring reaction 25min at 80 DEG C, filter, filter residue to neutral, puts into the oven dry of 100 DEG C, baking oven with distilled water flushing, obtains the carbon nanotube after activating, for subsequent use;
(2) take the carbon nanotube after silicon carbide, zinc, chromium, titanium, lead, silver, yttrium oxide, aluminium and activation by mass percentage, cross 200 mesh sieves, with mechanical ball milling mixer Homogeneous phase mixing, form uniform mixed powder, for subsequent use;
(3) by the mixed powder obtained in pressure be 14.8MPa, temperature sinters 30min ~ 50min under being the condition of 1260 DEG C, namely obtains carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material.
The carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material prepared by above-described embodiment carries out performance test, (loaded weight is 500kg, and pressure head is Wimet steel ball, and diameter is 10mm to test its Brinell hardness respectively, pressurize 30s), Young's modulus and tensile strength, test result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Project Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Embodiment 4
Brinell hardness (MPa) 96.2 90.8 92.3 98.5
Young's modulus (GPa) 114 126 118 124
Tensile strength (MPa) 706 674 685 754
From table 1 test result, the Brinell hardness of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material prepared by above embodiment reaches 98.5MPa, Young's modulus reaches 126GPa, tensile strength reaches 754MPa, and the carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material Brinell hardness of preparation, Young's modulus and tensile strength are higher.
The present invention adds the carbon nanotube of activation and rare-earth oxide yttrium oxide makes the multiplicity of material increase, facilitate the interface cohesion between metal and carbon nanotube, play carbon nanotube complex intensifying and alloy strengthening effect to greatest extent, obtain the carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material of excellent in mechanical performance.

Claims (7)

1. a carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, it is characterized in that being made up of the component of following mass percent: carbon nanotube 4.2% ~ 10.0%, silicon carbide 4.5% ~ 5.4%, zinc 0.8% ~ 2.1%, chromium 1.0% ~ 2.2%, titanium 2.2% ~ 4.5%, plumbous 0.3% ~ 1.5%, silver 0.5% ~ 1.0%, yttrium oxide 2.3% ~ 6.4%, surplus is aluminium.
2. carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described carbon nanotube granularity is 10nm ~ 20nm, carborundum granularity is 30 μm ~ 50 μm, zinc granule degree is 5 μm ~ 20 μm, and chromium granularity is 50 μm ~ 100 μm, and titanium granularity is 15 μm ~ 60 μm, lead button degree is 50 μm ~ 80 μm, silver granuel degree is 20nm ~ 50nm, and yttrium oxide granularity is 0.5 μm ~ 1.0 μm, and aluminium particle size is 20 μm ~ 30 μm.
3. carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being made up of the component of following mass percent: carbon nanotube 6.6% ~ 9.0%, silicon carbide 4.8% ~ 5.0%, zinc 1.2% ~ 1.8%, chromium 1.4% ~ 2.0%, titanium 3.0% ~ 4.0%, plumbous 0.6% ~ 1.0%, silver 0.6% ~ 0.8%, yttrium oxide 4.0% ~ 5.0%, surplus is aluminium.
4. carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that being made up of the component of following mass percent: carbon nanotube 8.2%, silicon carbide 4.9%, zinc 1.6%, chromium 1.8%, titanium 3.5%, plumbous 0.8%, silver 0.7%, yttrium oxide 4.5%, surplus is aluminium.
5. a preparation method for the carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to Claims 1-4 any one, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) carbon nanotube is put into the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 20%, microwave stirring reaction 10min ~ 40min at 80 DEG C, filter, filter residue to neutral, puts into the oven dry of 100 DEG C, baking oven with distilled water flushing, obtains the carbon nanotube after activating, for subsequent use;
(2) take the carbon nanotube after silicon carbide, zinc, chromium, titanium, lead, silver, yttrium oxide, aluminium and activation by mass percentage, cross 200 mesh sieves, with mechanical ball milling mixer Homogeneous phase mixing, form uniform mixed powder, for subsequent use;
(3) by the mixed powder obtained in pressure be 14.0MPa ~ 15.5MPa, temperature sinters 30min ~ 50min under being the condition of 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C, namely obtains carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material.
6. the preparation method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 5, is characterized in that the microwave stirring reaction time described in step (1) is 25min.
7. the preparation method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 5, it is characterized in that the pressure described in step (3) is 14.8MPa, temperature is 1260 DEG C.
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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105936987A (en) * 2016-06-20 2016-09-14 山东建筑大学 Preparation method of aluminum nitride-carbon nano tube particle-reinforcement aluminum base alloy material
CN106498313A (en) * 2016-11-23 2017-03-15 西安理工大学 High-strength high ductility CNTs SiCp reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof
CN108754545A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-11-06 昆明理工大学 A kind of carbon nanotube and/or graphene enhancing lead base composite anode preparation method of heteropoly acid modification
CN109457144A (en) * 2018-12-06 2019-03-12 浙江离火新材料科技有限公司 A kind of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material and preparation method thereof

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CN102268575A (en) * 2011-07-20 2011-12-07 安徽欣意电缆有限公司 Aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof
CN103075445A (en) * 2013-01-11 2013-05-01 浙江天乐新材料科技有限公司 Ceramic/metal composite material brake lining for high-speed train and preparation method of ceramic/metal composite material brake lining
CN104532085A (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-04-22 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 Carbon nano-tube reinforced aluminum alloy composite material and powder metallurgic preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1834280A (en) * 2006-04-21 2006-09-20 哈尔滨工业大学 Carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum based composite material and its vacuum hot pressing prepn. method
CN102268575A (en) * 2011-07-20 2011-12-07 安徽欣意电缆有限公司 Aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof
CN103075445A (en) * 2013-01-11 2013-05-01 浙江天乐新材料科技有限公司 Ceramic/metal composite material brake lining for high-speed train and preparation method of ceramic/metal composite material brake lining
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105936987A (en) * 2016-06-20 2016-09-14 山东建筑大学 Preparation method of aluminum nitride-carbon nano tube particle-reinforcement aluminum base alloy material
CN105936987B (en) * 2016-06-20 2018-01-19 山东建筑大学 A kind of preparation method of aluminium nitride carbon nanotube particulate enhancing aluminum-based alloy material
CN106498313A (en) * 2016-11-23 2017-03-15 西安理工大学 High-strength high ductility CNTs SiCp reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof
CN108754545A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-11-06 昆明理工大学 A kind of carbon nanotube and/or graphene enhancing lead base composite anode preparation method of heteropoly acid modification
CN109457144A (en) * 2018-12-06 2019-03-12 浙江离火新材料科技有限公司 A kind of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material and preparation method thereof

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