CN105154724B - A kind of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material and preparation method thereof, the composite is made up of the component of following mass percent：CNT 4.2%～10.0%, carborundum 4.5%～5.4%, zinc 0.8%～2.1%, chromium 1.0%～2.2%, titanium 2.2%～4.5%, lead 0.3%～1.5%, silver 0.5%～1.0%, yttrium oxide 2.3%～6.4%, balance of aluminum.Preparation method：A, potassium hydroxide microwave activation CNT；B, mechanical ball milling batch mixer uniformly mix；C, sintering obtain final product composite.The Brinell hardness of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material prepared by the present invention, elastic modelling quantity, tensile strength are high, and combination property is good, and process is efficient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallic composite field, more particularly to a kind of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material and its system
Preparation Method.
Background technology
CNT (Carbonnanotubes, CNTs) be 1991 by Japanese NEC Corporation scientist Sumio Iijima in height
Resolution Transmission Electron microscope is lower to be found, used as one-dimensional carbon group material, it is formed by the bending of single or multiple lift graphite flake layer, class
Hollow cylindrical body is similar to, density only has the 1/6 of steel, light weight, draw ratio are very big, intensity and modulus are high, with excellent machine
Tool performance, electric property, thermodynamic property and physical and chemical performance, therefore its potential industrial application value causes widely
Concern.CNTs is also regarded as preferable composite material reinforcement body simultaneously, is widely used in macromolecule, ceramics and metallic composite
It is central.
Aluminium alloy due to the characteristic such as density is little, intensity is high, plasticity is good, in national economy and Aero-Space, defence and military etc.
High-technology field has application widely.It is as countries in the world are to energy-saving and emission-reduction, the pay attention to day by day of problem of environmental pollution, right
The mechanical property of aluminium alloy is put forward higher requirement.
Metal-base composites (Metalmatrix composites, MMC) is the granule based on metal or alloy phase
A kind of material of whisker, chopped fiber, continuous fiber for hardening constituent.It has very strong designability degree of freedom, by rationally choosing
Select matrix alloy, strengthen phase species and preparation technology and parameter, be capable of achieving good complex effect, so as to obtain excellent performance
Composite.CNTs superpower mechanical property can greatly improve the intensity and toughness of composite.CNT strengthens gold
Metal-matrix composite material (CNTs/MMC) is the new material for developing rapidly recent years, with excellent physics and chemistry and mechanics
Performance.
CNTs/A1 based composites have that high specific strength, wear resistant corrosion resistant high temperature resistant, lightweight be stable, electrical and thermal conductivity performance
The good and low advantage of thermal coefficient of expansion, has become the indispensable high-performance material of Aero-Space and other sophisticated technology fields
Material.As the continuous development of science and technology is to material performance requirement more and more higher, the new aluminum-base composite of more function admirables is needed
Material is meeting the demand of modern industry.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the high CNT of a kind of Brinell hardness, elastic modelling quantity and tensile strength strengthens aluminum
Based composites and preparation method thereof.
A kind of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to the present invention is made up of the component of following mass percent：Carbon
4.2 %～10.0 % of nanotube, 4.5 %～5.4 % of carborundum, 0.8 %～2.1 % of zinc, 1.0 %～2.2 % of chromium, 2.2 % of titanium
～4.5 %, 0.3 %～1.5 % of lead, silver-colored 0.5 %～1.0 %, 2.3 %～6.4 % of yttrium oxide, balance of aluminum.
Described CNT granularity is 10 nm～20 nm, and carborundum granularity is 30 μm～50 μm, and zinc granule degree is 5 μ
M～20 μm, chromium granularity are 50 μm～100 μm, and titanium granularity is 15 μm～60 μm, and lead button degree is 50 μm～80 μm, silver granuel
Spend for 20 nm～50 nm, yttrium oxide granularity is 0.5 μm～1.0 μm, aluminium particle size is 20 μm～30 μm.
As the further improvement to inventing, component of the carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material by following mass percent
Composition：6.6 %～9.0 % of CNT, 4.8 %～5.0 % of carborundum, 1.2 %～1.8 % of zinc, 1.4 %～2.0 % of chromium, titanium
3.0 %～4.0 %, 0.6 %～1.0 % of lead, silver-colored 0.6 %～0.8 %, 4.0 %～5.0 % of yttrium oxide, balance of aluminum.
As the further improvement to inventing, group of the carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material by following mass percent
It is grouped into：8.2 % of CNT, 4.9 % of carborundum, 1.6 % of zinc, 1.8 % of chromium, 3.5 % of titanium, 0.8 % of lead, silver-colored 0.7 %, three oxygen
Change two yttriums, 4.5 %, balance of aluminum.
A kind of preparation method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps：
（1）CNT is put in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 20 %, microwave stirring reaction 10 at 80 DEG C
Min～40 min, filters, and filtering residue distilled water flushing is put into 100 DEG C of drying in baking oven to neutrality, and the carbon after being activated is received
Mitron, it is standby；
（2）Weigh the carbon after carborundum, zinc, chromium, titanium, lead, silver, yttrium oxide, aluminum and activation by mass percentage to receive
Mitron, crosses 200 mesh sieves, is uniformly mixed with mechanical ball milling batch mixer, forms uniform mixed-powder, standby；
（3）By the mixed-powder for obtaining in pressure be 14.0 MPa～15.5 MPa, temperature be 1200 DEG C～1350 DEG C
Under conditions of sinter 30 min～50 min, that is, obtain carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material.
As the further improvement to inventing, step（1）Described in the microwave stirring reaction time be 25 min.
As the further improvement to inventing, step（3）Described in pressure be 14.8 MPa, temperature be 1260 DEG C.
The present invention has advantages below：A. CNT potassium hydroxide solution is activated under microwave condition by the present invention,
CNT soak time is shortened, and the CNT after activating is realized and mixed with the uniform cross of aluminium alloy, makes system
Standby composite multiplicity further increases, and mechanical property is more excellent；B. the oxidation of rare-earth oxide three two for adding
Yttrium in smelting process by Preferential adsorption on the crystal boundary of metallic aluminium, reduce its interface energy, increase the work of adhesion at interface, reduce profit
Wet angle, improves the wettability of metallic aluminium, so as to improve the tissue of composite, improves the performance of composite；C. the present invention makes
Preparation Method is applied widely, energy- and time-economizing, the Brinell hardness of the carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material of preparation, elastic modelling quantity and
Tensile strength is high, and the composite material combination property is good, and process is efficient.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail below by specific embodiment, but is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
Carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, is made up of the component of following mass percent：10 nm～20 nm of granularity
4.2 % of CNT, granularity is 30 μm～50 μm of 4.5 % of carborundum, and granularity is 5 μm～20 μm of 0.8 % of zinc, grain
1.0 % of chromium for 50 μm～100 μm is spent, granularity is 15 μm～60 μm of 2.2 % of titanium, and granularity is 50 μm～80 μm of lead
0.3 %, granularity is 0.5 % of silver of 20 nm～50 nm, and granularity is 0.5 μm～1.0 μm of 2.3 % of yttrium oxide, surplus
For the aluminum that granularity is 20 μm～30 μm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps：
（1）CNT is put in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 20 %, microwave stirring reaction 10 at 80 DEG C
Min, filters, and filtering residue distilled water flushing is put into 100 DEG C of drying in baking oven to neutrality, and the CNT after being activated is standby
With；
（2）Weigh the carbon after carborundum, zinc, chromium, titanium, lead, silver, yttrium oxide, aluminum and activation by mass percentage to receive
Mitron, crosses 200 mesh sieves, is uniformly mixed with mechanical ball milling batch mixer, forms uniform mixed-powder, standby；
（3）By the mixed-powder for obtaining in pressure be 14.0 MPa, temperature be 1200 DEG C under conditions of sinter 30 min～
50 min, that is, obtain carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material.
Embodiment 2
Carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, by the material composition of following mass percent：10 nm～20 nm of granularity
10.0 % of CNT, granularity is 30 μm～50 μm of 5.4 % of carborundum, and granularity is 5 μm～20 μm of 2.1 % of zinc,
Granularity is 50 μm～100 μm of 2.2 % of chromium, and granularity is 15 μm～60 μm of 4.5 % of titanium, and granularity is 50 μm～80 μm
1.5 % of lead, granularity are 1.0 % of silver of 20 nm～50 nm, and granularity is 0.5 μm～1.0 μm of 6.4 % of yttrium oxide, remaining
Measure as aluminum that granularity is 20 μm～30 μm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps：
（1）CNT is put in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 20 %, microwave stirring reaction 40 at 80 DEG C
Min, filters, and filtering residue distilled water flushing is put into 100 DEG C of drying in baking oven to neutrality, and the CNT after being activated is standby
With；
（2）Weigh the carbon after carborundum, zinc, chromium, titanium, lead, silver, yttrium oxide, aluminum and activation by mass percentage to receive
Mitron, crosses 200 mesh sieves, is uniformly mixed with mechanical ball milling batch mixer, forms uniform mixed-powder, standby；
（3）By the mixed-powder for obtaining in pressure be 15.5 MPa, temperature be 1350 DEG C under conditions of sinter 30 min～
50 min, that is, obtain carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material.
Embodiment 3
Carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, is made up of the component of following mass percent：10 nm～20 nm of granularity
7.5 % of CNT, granularity is 30 μm～50 μm of 5.0 % of carborundum, and granularity is 5 μm～20 μm of 1.8 % of zinc, grain
1.4 % of chromium for 50 μm～100 μm is spent, granularity is 15 μm～60 μm of 3.2 % of titanium, and granularity is 50 μm～80 μm of lead
1.2 %, granularity is 0.8 % of silver of 20 nm～50 nm, and granularity is 0.5 μm～1.0 μm of 3.5 % of yttrium oxide, surplus
For the aluminum that granularity is 20 μm～30 μm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps：
（1）CNT is put in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 20 %, microwave stirring reaction 30 at 80 DEG C
Min, filters, and filtering residue distilled water flushing is put into 100 DEG C of drying in baking oven to neutrality, and the CNT after being activated is standby
With；
（2）Weigh the carbon after carborundum, zinc, chromium, titanium, lead, silver, yttrium oxide, aluminum and activation by mass percentage to receive
Mitron, crosses 200 mesh sieves, is uniformly mixed with mechanical ball milling batch mixer, forms uniform mixed-powder, standby；
（3）By the mixed-powder for obtaining in pressure be 15.0MPa, temperature be 1320 DEG C under conditions of sinter 30 min～
50 min, that is, obtain carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material.
Embodiment 4
Carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, is made up of the component of following mass percent：10 nm～20 nm of granularity
8.2 % of CNT, granularity is 30 μm～50 μm of 4.9 % of carborundum, and granularity is 5 μm～20 μm of 1.6 % of zinc, grain
1.8 % of chromium for 50 μm～100 μm is spent, granularity is 15 μm～60 μm of 3.5 % of titanium, and granularity is 50 μm～80 μm of lead
0.8 %, granularity is 0.7 % of silver of 20 nm～50 nm, and granularity is 0.5 μm～1.0 μm of 4.5 % of yttrium oxide, surplus
For the aluminum that granularity is 20 μm～30 μm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprises the following steps：
（1）CNT is put in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 20 %, microwave stirring reaction 25 at 80 DEG C
Min, filters, and filtering residue distilled water flushing is put into 100 DEG C of drying in baking oven to neutrality, and the CNT after being activated is standby
With；
（2）Weigh the carbon after carborundum, zinc, chromium, titanium, lead, silver, yttrium oxide, aluminum and activation by mass percentage to receive
Mitron, crosses 200 mesh sieves, is uniformly mixed with mechanical ball milling batch mixer, forms uniform mixed-powder, standby；
（3）By the mixed-powder for obtaining in pressure be 14.8 MPa, temperature be 1260 DEG C under conditions of sinter 30 min～
50 min, that is, obtain carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material.
Carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material prepared by above-described embodiment is carried out into performance test, its Bu Shi is tested respectively
Hardness（Loaded weight be 500 kg, pressure head be hard alloy steel ball, a diameter of 10 mm, 30 s of pressurize）, elastic modelling quantity and tension
Intensity, test result are as shown in table 1：
Table 1
| Project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 |
| Brinell hardness（MPa） | 96.2 | 90.8 | 92.3 | 98.5 |
| Elastic modelling quantity（GPa） | 114 | 126 | 118 | 124 |
| Tensile strength（MPa） | 706 | 674 | 685 | 754 |
The Brinell hardness of the carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material prepared from 1 test result of table, above example
98.5 MPa are reached, elastic modelling quantity reaches 126 GPa, and tensile strength reaches 754 MPa, and the carbon nano tube enhanced aluminium base of preparation is multiple
Condensation material Brinell hardness, elastic modelling quantity and tensile strength are higher.
The present invention adds the CNT and rare-earth oxide yttrium oxide of activation to increase the multiplicity of material,
The interface cohesion between metal and CNT is promoted, CNT complex intensifying and alloy strengthening effect is played to greatest extent
Really, the carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material of excellent in mechanical performance has been obtained.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, it is characterised in that be made up of the component of following mass percent：Carbon is received
Mitron 4.2%～10.0%, carborundum 4.5%～5.4%, zinc 0.8%～2.1%, chromium 1.0%～2.2%, titanium 2.2%～
4.5%, lead 0.3%～1.5%, silver 0.5%～1.0%, yttrium oxide 2.3%～6.4%, balance of aluminum；The carbon is received
Mitron reinforced aluminum matrix composites are obtained by following steps：
(1) CNT is put in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 20%, microwave stirring reaction 10min at 80 DEG C～
40min, filters, and filtering residue distilled water flushing is put into 100 DEG C of drying in baking oven to neutrality, and the CNT after being activated is standby
With；
(2) CNT after carborundum, zinc, chromium, titanium, lead, silver, yttrium oxide, aluminum and activation is weighed by mass percentage,
200 mesh sieves are crossed, is uniformly mixed with mechanical ball milling batch mixer, form uniform mixed-powder standby；
(3) by the mixed-powder for obtaining in pressure be 14.0MPa～15.5MPa, temperature be 1200 DEG C～1350 DEG C under conditions of
Sintering 30min～50min, that is, obtain carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material.
2. carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described CNT grain
Spend for 10nm～20nm, carborundum granularity is 30 μm～50 μm, zinc granule degree is 5 μm～20 μm, chromium granularity is 50 μm～100 μm,
Titanium granularity is 15 μm～60 μm, and lead button degree is 50 μm～80 μm, and silver granuel degree is 20nm～50nm, and yttrium oxide granularity is 0.5 μ
M～1.0 μm, aluminium particle size are 20 μm～30 μm.
3. carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by following mass percent
Component composition：CNT 6.6%～9.0%, carborundum 4.8%～5.0%, zinc 1.2%～1.8%, chromium 1.4%～
2.0%, titanium 3.0%～4.0%, lead 0.6%～1.0%, silver 0.6%～0.8%, yttrium oxide 4.0%～5.0% is remaining
Measure as aluminum.
4. carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by following mass percent
Component composition：CNT 8.2%, carborundum 4.9%, zinc 1.6%, chromium 1.8%, titanium 3.5%, lead 0.8%, silver 0.7%,
Yttrium oxide 4.5%, balance of aluminum.
5. carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that micro- described in step (1)
The ripple stirring reaction time is 25min.
6. carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressure described in step (3)
Power is 14.8MPa, and temperature is 1260 DEG C.
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| CN106498313A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-03-15 | 西安理工大学 | High-strength high ductility CNTs SiCp reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof |
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