CN105154475A - Method and device for rapidly starting anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste to generate biogas - Google Patents
Method and device for rapidly starting anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste to generate biogas Download PDFInfo
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- CN105154475A CN105154475A CN201510684253.XA CN201510684253A CN105154475A CN 105154475 A CN105154475 A CN 105154475A CN 201510684253 A CN201510684253 A CN 201510684253A CN 105154475 A CN105154475 A CN 105154475A
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- fermentation
- changing food
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly starting the anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste to generate biogas. The method comprises the following steps: pre-treating the kitchen waste; adjusting the temperature in a fermenting device, and maintaining the fermentation environmental temperature at a predetermined temperature; placing inoculated sludge and pre-treated kitchen waste into the fermenting device, and adding sludge supernatant or tap water; stirring; regularly measuring the daily gas yield and methane content of the fermenting device; when the methane content in the fermenting device is stable, a second peak value of the daily gas yield appears and the daily gas yield curve presents a trend of gradually decreasing, continuously adding the pre-treated kitchen waste into the fermenting device, and discharging the fermented slag liquid; after the daily gas yield and the methane content of the fermenting device are stable, completing the starting. By adopting the method, time for starting an anaerobic fermenting system is saved; moreover, during the starting process, no additional nutritional substance and no substance for controlling the acidity and alkalinity are needed, and the operation is simple.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solid waste resource recovery processing technology field, be specifically related to quick start method and device that a kind of anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste produces biogas.
Background technology
Adopt anaerobic digestion techniques process changing food waste, clean renewable energy source-biogas can be produced, biogas purifies further, purify after can produce vehicle fuel or inject gas distributing system, natural pond slag, natural pond liquid also can produce organic fertilizer simultaneously.Thus, for changing food waste into resources process provides a kind of well mode.
At present, be that the anaerobically fermenting engineering of raw material has started build and apply in China with changing food waste.But because anaerobion has generation cycle long, the feature such as multiplication rate is slow, in actually operating, ubiquity anaerobic reactor starts cycle longer, the problem such as start-up cost is higher.Generally, the start time of anaerobic reactor often needs 3-6 month, even longer.For large-sized biogas engineering, the toggle speed of reactor and input cost, directly affects popularization and the application of anaerobic fermentation technology and engineering to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste to produce quick start method and the device of biogas, use to solve the anaerobic digester system difficulty in starting that changing food waste is raw material, startup cycle length and additional nutritive substance cause the problem of high cost.
For achieving the above object, a kind of anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste product quick start method of biogas of the present invention and the concrete technical scheme of device are:
Anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste produces a quick start method for biogas, comprises the following steps: carry out pre-treatment to changing food waste; Temperature in fermentation unit is regulated, maintains predetermined temperature to make yeasting temperature; Seed sludge and pretreated changing food waste are put into fermentation unit, and adds mud supernatant liquor or tap water; Stir; The daily output tolerance of Timing measurement fermentation unit and methane content; When the methane content in fermentation unit is stablized, second peak value of daily output tolerance occurs, and when daily gas discharge curve occurs reducing trend gradually, continues to add pretreated changing food waste, and discharged by the slag liquid after fermentation simultaneously in fermentation unit; When the daily output tolerance of fermentation unit and methane content stable after, startup completes.
A kind of anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste produces the device for rapidly starting of biogas, comprise fermentation tank, the side wall upper part of fermentation tank is formed with opening for feed, lower sidewall is formed with discharge port, top is formed with methane outlet, fermentation tank comprises inner bag and outer wall, the mixing component for stirring seed sludge and pretreated changing food waste is provided with in inner bag, heat preservation sandwich layer is formed between inner bag and outer wall, heat preservation sandwich layer is connected with hot water circulation assembly, outside hot water flows in heat preservation sandwich layer, to regulate the yeasting temperature in fermentation tank by hot water circulation assembly.
Quick start method and the device of a kind of anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste product biogas of the present invention have the following advantages:
1) the present invention well solves with changing food waste is that raw material carries out Problems existing in anaerobic fermentation system start-up course, whole start-up course only needs 35-40 days, without the need to additional extra nutritive element and the material regulating and controlling potential of hydrogen in start-up course, save running cost, easy and simple to handle.
2) the present invention can leavening temperature in realization response device constant, hot water circulation uses, energy-saving and emission-reduction; And with whipping appts, can timing agitation be realized, ensure the homogeneity of material in reactor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste of the present invention produces the device for rapidly starting of biogas.
Embodiment
In order to better understand object of the present invention, structure and function, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the quick start method of biogas is produced to a kind of anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste of the present invention and device does further detailed description.
With reference to Fig. 1, the quick start method that anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste of the present invention produces biogas comprises the following steps:
First, pre-treatment is carried out to changing food waste.Wherein, mainly comprise the following steps: 1) changing food waste is screened, to remove the impurity (as throwaway chopsticks, dixie cup and bulk bone etc.) that can not carry out anaerobic digestion; 2) changing food waste after screening is pulverized, to form pasty material; 3) pasty material after pulverizing is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators to store, to wait to be placed in fermentation unit.
Secondly, the temperature in fermentation unit is regulated, maintains predetermined temperature to make yeasting temperature.Wherein, circulating hot water can be utilized to regulate the temperature in fermentation unit, to make yeasting temperature maintain 30-40 DEG C, be preferably 36 ± 1 DEG C.
Then, seed sludge and pretreated changing food waste are put into fermentation unit, and adds mud supernatant liquor or tap water.Wherein, the feed loading of pretreated changing food waste is 5-15gVS/L, is preferably 10gVS/L; The dosage of seed sludge is 1-5 times (by VS) of the feed loading of pretreated changing food waste, is preferably 4 times.In addition, the seed sludge used in the present invention can be mud or sediment of pond etc. in municipal sewage plant mud, the anaerobic sludge of anaerobic digester, septic tank, and the volatile solid content in seed sludge is preferably higher than 0.43%.
Then, stir.Wherein, mainly comprise the following steps: 1) first the seed sludge in fermentation unit and pretreated changing food waste are stirred; 2) stir 2-7 minute every 3 hours again, be preferably 5 minutes.In addition, agitator motor can be used in the present invention to carry out stirring operation, and the rotating speed of agitator motor can be 50-100r/min, is preferably 90r/min.
Then, the daily output tolerance of Timing measurement fermentation unit and methane content.
Then, when the methane content in fermentation unit is stablized, second peak value of daily output tolerance occurs, and when daily gas discharge curve occurs reducing trend gradually, continues to add pretreated changing food waste, and discharged by the slag liquid after fermentation simultaneously in fermentation unit.Wherein, the feed loading of pretreated changing food waste is 0.2-1gVS/L, is preferably 0.5gVS/L (startup complete after, the load of the normal operation of changing food waste is preferably 0.5-3gVS/Ld).In addition, it should be noted, first aerogenesis peak is generally occurring for the 1st day after material loading, and second aerogenesis peak is generally occurring for 10-15 days after material loading.
Finally, when the daily output tolerance of fermentation unit and methane content stable after, startup completes.
The quick start method of anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste product biogas of the present invention has effectively saved the time of anaerobic fermentation system startup, and in start-up course need not additional extra nutritive substance and regulation and control potential of hydrogen material, simple to operate, shorten the time of whole start-up course.
As shown in Figure 1, the device for rapidly starting that anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste of the present invention produces biogas comprises fermentation tank, and fermentation tank comprises inner bag and outer wall.Wherein, the top of fermentation tank is formed with methane outlet 3 and temperature-measuring port 4, sidewall is formed with opening for feed 5, discharge port 12, circulating hot water import 10 and circulating hot water outlet 7, and the position of opening for feed 5 on sidewall is higher than the position of discharge port 12, circulating hot water import 10 and circulating hot water outlet 7, the position of discharge port 12 (being provided with dispensing valve 11) is lower than the position of circulating hot water import 10 and circulating hot water outlet 7.
Further, the chamber in inner bag is connected with fermentation chamber for fermentation chamber, the opening for feed 5 in fermentation tank, discharge port 12, methane outlet 3, is provided with the mixing component for stirring seed sludge and pretreated changing food waste in inner bag.Wherein, mixing component comprises motor 2, stir shaft 8 and agitating vane 9, agitating vane 9 is arranged on the lower end of stir shaft 8, the upper end of stir shaft 8 is connected with the output shaft of motor 2, motor 2 is arranged on the top of fermentation tank, and be connected with timer 1, the working time of motor 2 can be set by timer 1.
Further, heat preservation sandwich layer 6 is formed between inner bag and outer wall, temperature-measuring port 4 in fermentation tank, circulating hot water import 10 are connected with heat preservation sandwich layer 6 with circulating hot water outlet 7, heat preservation sandwich layer 6 is connected with hot water circulation assembly with circulating hot water outlet 7 by circulating hot water import 10, outside hot water flows in heat preservation sandwich layer 6, to regulate the yeasting temperature in fermentation tank by hot water circulation assembly.
Wherein, hot water circulation assembly comprises interconnective thermostat water bath 15 and peristaltic pump 13, in the present embodiment, peristaltic pump 13 is connected by pipe connecting 14 with circulating hot water import 10, thermostat water bath 15 and circulating hot water are exported 7 and are connected by pipe connecting 14, hot water at thermostat water bath 15, circulate between peristaltic pump 13 and heat preservation sandwich layer 6, ferments in described anaerobically fermenting tank body for ensureing.In addition, the temperature-measuring port 4 in fermentation tank is connected with heat preservation sandwich layer 6, can be detected the water temperature in heat preservation sandwich layer 6 by temperature-measuring port 4 in real time, to ensure that yeasting temperature maintains predetermined temperature.
Anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste of the present invention produce biogas device for rapidly starting can leavening temperature in realization response device constant, hot water circulation uses, energy-saving and emission-reduction; And with whipping appts, can timing agitation be realized, ensure the homogeneity of material in reactor.
Embodiment:
By changing food waste through preliminary sorting, remove wherein throwaway chopsticks, dixie cup and bulk bone etc. and can not carry out the impurity of anaerobic digestion, with pulverizer by the kitchen garbage pulverizing pulp after screening.Take the changing food waste of certain mass with crucible, the baking oven being placed in 105 ± 2 DEG C measures the TS of changing food waste after 24 hours, measures the VS of changing food waste at the retort furnace crucible after weighing being put into 600 ± 2 DEG C after 2.5 hours.Measure the VS value of seed sludge in the same way, the interpolation quality of changing food waste and seed sludge during in order to determine to calculate material loading.
The useful volume of fermentation tank is 10L.First, circulating hot water import in fermentation tank, peristaltic pump, thermostat water bath and circulating hot water outlet are linked in sequence with sebific duct, add tap water in water-bath, temperature is set as 37 ± 1 DEG C, open peristaltic pump, ensure that circulating hot water flows in the heat preservation sandwich layer of fermentation tank.The Temperature displaying of temperature measuring equipment (being detected by the temperature-measuring port 4 in fermentation tank) met the condition of 36 ± 1 DEG C after 12 hours, can prepare the startup of material loading and fermentation unit.
According to calculating, in fermentation tank, add changing food waste and the seed sludge of the respective quality of calculating, add mud supernatant liquor or the tap water useful volume to reactor.Open mixing component, the speed setting of agitator motor is 90r/min, is stirred well to and mixes, and stops stirring after about 5 minutes.Then, by timing device, churning time is controlled at every 3 hours, stir 5 minutes.
After material loading, every 24 hours, the reading of record gas production rate measuring apparatus, was gas production rate on the same day.Meanwhile, the gas composition composition in timing every day assaying reaction device and content.When the methane content in fermentor tank is stabilized in about 60%, and after second peak value appearance of daily output tolerance, and daily gas discharge curve occurs the 5th day that reduces trend gradually, every day carries out continuous print input and output material with the changing food waste of 0.5gVS/Ld load again, after the methane content in the gentle body component of daily output tolerance is all stablized, namely complete the startup that anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste produces biogas, whole start-up course only needs 35 days.
It should be noted, unloading phase, under 0.5gVS/Ld loading condiction, daily output tolerance Absorbable organic halogens is at 1.5-1.6L, and methane content is stabilized between 58-60%, and pH value maintains 7.4-7.5.Start secondary fermentation system with starting method provided by the present invention, the load of the normal operation of changing food waste can maintain 0.5-3gVS/Ld, when feed loading can become sour higher than 3gVS/Ld system.
Thus, carry out fermentation starting by anaerobism starting method provided by the present invention, can find that the anaerobic sludge settling property of taming out is good, can not the bad phenomenon such as Mud up-floating be produced.Meanwhile, start time is short, without the need to additionally adding other nutritive substances, saves start-up cost, easy and simple to handle.
Further describe invention has been by specific embodiment above; but it should be understood that; here concrete description; should not be construed as the restriction to the spirit and scope of the invention; one of ordinary skilled in the art to the various amendments that above-described embodiment is made, belongs to the scope that the present invention protects after reading this specification.
Claims (10)
1. anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste produces a quick start method for biogas, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Pre-treatment is carried out to changing food waste;
Temperature in fermentation unit is regulated, maintains predetermined temperature to make yeasting temperature;
Seed sludge and pretreated changing food waste are put into fermentation unit, and adds mud supernatant liquor or tap water;
Stir;
The daily output tolerance of Timing measurement fermentation unit and methane content;
When the methane content in fermentation unit is stablized, second peak value of daily output tolerance occurs, and when daily gas discharge curve occurs reducing trend gradually, continues to add pretreated changing food waste, and discharged by the slag liquid after fermentation simultaneously in fermentation unit;
When the daily output tolerance of fermentation unit and methane content stable after, startup completes.
2. anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 1 produces the quick start method of biogas, it is characterized in that, carries out pretreated step comprise changing food waste:
Changing food waste is screened, to remove the impurity that can not carry out anaerobic digestion;
Changing food waste after screening is pulverized, to form pasty material;
Pasty material after pulverizing is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators store, to wait to be placed in fermentation unit.
3. anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 1 produces the quick start method of biogas, it is characterized in that, the step that temperature in fermentation unit regulates is comprised: utilize circulating hot water to regulate the temperature in fermentation unit, maintain 30-40 DEG C to make yeasting temperature.
4. anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 1 produces the quick start method of biogas, it is characterized in that, seed sludge and pretreated changing food waste are put into the step of fermentation unit: the feed loading of pretreated changing food waste is 5-15gVS/L, the dosage of seed sludge is 1-5 times of the feed loading of pretreated changing food waste, and the volatile solid content in seed sludge is higher than 0.43%.
5. anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 4 produces the quick start method of biogas, it is characterized in that, seed sludge is mud in municipal sewage plant mud, the anaerobic sludge of anaerobic digester, septic tank or sediment of pond.
6. anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 1 produces the quick start method of biogas, it is characterized in that, seed sludge and pretreated changing food waste are put into fermentation unit, and the step of carrying out stirring comprises:
First the seed sludge in fermentation unit and pretreated changing food waste are stirred;
2-7 minute is stirred again every 3 hours.
7. anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 1 produces the quick start method of biogas, it is characterized in that, when the methane content in fermentation unit is stablized, second peak value of daily output tolerance occurs, and daily gas discharge curve occur gradually reduce trend time, add in the step of pretreated changing food waste in fermentation unit continuously: the feed loading of pretreated changing food waste is 0.2-1gVS/L.
8. the device for rapidly starting of an anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste product biogas, comprise fermentation tank, the side wall upper part of fermentation tank is formed with opening for feed (5), lower sidewall is formed with discharge port (12), top is formed with methane outlet (3), it is characterized in that, fermentation tank comprises inner bag and outer wall, the mixing component for stirring seed sludge and pretreated changing food waste is provided with in inner bag, heat preservation sandwich layer (6) is formed between inner bag and outer wall, heat preservation sandwich layer (6) is connected with hot water circulation assembly, outside hot water flows in heat preservation sandwich layer (6) by hot water circulation assembly, to regulate the yeasting temperature in fermentation tank.
9. anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 8 produces the device for rapidly starting of biogas, it is characterized in that, mixing component comprises motor (2), stir shaft (8) and agitating vane (9), agitating vane (9) is arranged on the lower end of stir shaft (8), the upper end of stir shaft (8) is connected with the output shaft of motor (2), motor (2) is arranged on the top of fermentation tank, and be connected with timer (1), the working time of motor (2) can be set by timer (1).
10. anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 8 produces the device for rapidly starting of biogas, it is characterized in that, hot water circulation assembly comprises interconnective thermostat water bath (15) and peristaltic pump (13), heat preservation sandwich layer (6) between the inner bag of fermentation tank and outer wall is formed with circulating hot water import (10) and circulating hot water outlet (7), peristaltic pump (13) is connected with the circulating hot water import (10) of heat preservation sandwich layer, thermostat water bath (15) exports (7) with the circulating hot water of heat preservation sandwich layer and is connected, hot water is in thermostat water bath (15), circulate between peristaltic pump (13) and heat preservation sandwich layer (6), to ensure that yeasting temperature maintains predetermined temperature.
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Cited By (12)
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| CN105838742A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-10 | 北京国能中电节能环保技术股份有限公司 | Device and method for mixed treatment of kitchen waste and straws |
| CN105884161A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-24 | 北京国能中电节能环保技术股份有限公司 | Rapid starting method and device for biogas production through livestock excrement anaerobic fermentation |
| EP3210912A1 (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2017-08-30 | Joel Frese | Disposal device |
| CN107118942A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-01 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | A kind of biogas generating device |
| CN107142284A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-08 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | A kind of method for producing biogas |
| CN108165467A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-06-15 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of deamination anaerobic fermentation system and method |
| CN109943596A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-06-28 | 天津农学院 | A method of promote kitchen garbage high load capacity to stablize and produces biogas |
| CN112342138A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device and method for preparing biogas by anaerobic fermentation of high-inherent-content solid waste |
| CN112375676A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Horizontal flow anaerobic digestion reaction device and method for treating high-solid-content kitchen garbage |
| CN114166969A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-11 | 西安科技大学 | Reaction device for simulating microorganisms to metabolize combustible gas in coal and test method thereof |
| CN114350421A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | System and method for preparing high-grade fuel gas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste |
| CN116102165A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-05-12 | 连云港赣榆康恒环保能源有限公司 | Leachate treatment system and method for garbage power plant |
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| EP3210912A1 (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2017-08-30 | Joel Frese | Disposal device |
| CN105838742A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-10 | 北京国能中电节能环保技术股份有限公司 | Device and method for mixed treatment of kitchen waste and straws |
| CN105884161A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-24 | 北京国能中电节能环保技术股份有限公司 | Rapid starting method and device for biogas production through livestock excrement anaerobic fermentation |
| CN107118942A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-01 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | A kind of biogas generating device |
| CN107142284A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-08 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | A kind of method for producing biogas |
| CN108165467A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-06-15 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of deamination anaerobic fermentation system and method |
| CN109943596A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-06-28 | 天津农学院 | A method of promote kitchen garbage high load capacity to stablize and produces biogas |
| CN112342138A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device and method for preparing biogas by anaerobic fermentation of high-inherent-content solid waste |
| CN112375676A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Horizontal flow anaerobic digestion reaction device and method for treating high-solid-content kitchen garbage |
| CN112375676B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-04-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Horizontal flow anaerobic digestion reaction device and method for treating high-solid-content kitchen garbage |
| CN114166969A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-11 | 西安科技大学 | Reaction device for simulating microorganisms to metabolize combustible gas in coal and test method thereof |
| CN114350421A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | System and method for preparing high-grade fuel gas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste |
| CN116102165A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-05-12 | 连云港赣榆康恒环保能源有限公司 | Leachate treatment system and method for garbage power plant |
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