CN111534416A - Fermentation equipment and fermentation method for organic matters - Google Patents

Fermentation equipment and fermentation method for organic matters Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111534416A
CN111534416A CN202010526539.6A CN202010526539A CN111534416A CN 111534416 A CN111534416 A CN 111534416A CN 202010526539 A CN202010526539 A CN 202010526539A CN 111534416 A CN111534416 A CN 111534416A
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fermentation
outlet
fermentation tank
semi
inlet
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维贺纳德·斯维贺蒂芬
李卓娅
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Shanghai Beiqi New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Beiqi New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010526539.6A priority Critical patent/CN111534416A/en
Publication of CN111534416A publication Critical patent/CN111534416A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/097670 priority patent/WO2021249243A1/en
Priority to AU2021289930A priority patent/AU2021289930A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/04—Biological compost
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/02—Percolation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/18—External loop; Means for reintroduction of fermented biomass or liquid percolate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
    • C12M45/03—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by control of the humidity or content of liquids; Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
    • C12P5/023—Methane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Abstract

The invention discloses fermentation equipment and a fermentation method for organic matters. The equipment comprises a first fermentation tank, a conveying system and a semi-permeable area which are connected in sequence; the conveying system is used for conveying the materials in the first fermentation tank to the semi-permeable area; the semi-permeable area is provided with a material with pores, the size of the pores is 200 mu m-5 mm, and the material is used for separating the material in the first fermentation tank; the semi-permeable area is also provided with a loop connected with the first fermentation tank, and the loop is used for conveying the separated material with high solid content to the first fermentation tank. The fermentation equipment can effectively control the solid content in the organic matter fermentation equipment, thereby creating the optimal condition for the reproduction of anaerobic bacteria, and has the advantages of short organic matter fermentation time, high biogas yield, simple and convenient instrument operation and stable process.

Description

Fermentation equipment and fermentation method for organic matters
Technical Field
The invention relates to fermentation equipment and a fermentation method for organic matters.
Background
Anaerobic fermentation of organic matter is an important solution for treating solid or liquid organic waste, and can convert organic matter into renewable energy gas and organic fertilizer. Anaerobic fermentation techniques for organic matter are generally divided into three categories: when the solid content of the material to be treated is less than 5%, anaerobic fermentation is carried out on the wastewater; when the solid content is between 5% and 20%, performing wet anaerobic fermentation; and when the solid content of the organic matters is more than 20%, dry anaerobic fermentation is carried out.
The main process of wet anaerobic fermentation is a complete mixing process: for example using a fully stirred tank reactor (CSTR). In this type of reactor, the mixing of the medium is ensured by a mechanical stirrer immersed in the reactor, which serves to stir the entire reactor interior. Alternatively, the mixing may be performed by injecting biogas into the reactor, the biogas being injected centrally from the reactor and causing intensive mixing within the reactor. In addition, the mixing of the reactor is achieved by external circulation (circulation of the material from one end of the fermenter to the other by means of a pump).
In continuous dry anaerobic fermentation, organic matter is introduced at one end of the fermentation tank and then proceeds to the other end of the fermentation tank in a plug flow fashion. These fermenters may be horizontal or vertical. Agitation in these fermenters is either ensured by gradually pushing the material towards the outlet of the fermenter by means of a slow agitator, or by circulating the material from one end of the fermenter to the other by means of a pump or by injecting biogas into the fermenter.
None of these techniques allow precise control of the solids content of the material in the fermentor. Therefore, these techniques do not provide optimal conditions for the propagation of anaerobic bacteria. The residence time of the organic matter is at least 30 days for the fully mixed technique and at least 20 days for the continuous dry fermentation technique. These techniques are also very sensitive to fluctuations in the organic load (amount of organic matter digested per day) fed to the fermenter, and therefore the organic load fed to the fermenter must be precisely controlled to ensure proper operation of the plant, which requires a lot of expertise on the part of the operator and makes the operation very inflexible. Furthermore, without control of the solids content, these techniques suffer from a number of problems in forming a suspension layer and a sediment layer, which are detrimental to the operation of the fermentor. Meanwhile, the maintenance of mechanical stirring parts in the fermentation tank is complex and expensive.
In the batch dry fermentation technique, the solid organic matter remains static in the fermentor. The organic matter is poured into the reaction device in batches and then is poured by liquid, and the liquid is circularly poured after sinking. In this type of technique, the organic solids are not stirred, and therefore the fermentation of the organic solids is very slow and difficult to control, with a residence time of about 60 days per batch. In addition, such techniques are operated batch-wise. The discontinuous nature of this fermentation makes the operation of this technique particularly complex.
For wider application, anaerobic fermentation technology must reduce investment and operating costs, reduce the volume of the reactor for use in locations with site restrictions. Anaerobic fermentation technology must also improve fermentation efficiency to increase energy production, reduce pollution, and improve process stability to ensure production stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides organic matter fermentation equipment and a fermentation method, aiming at solving the problems that the solid content of materials in organic matter fermentation equipment is difficult to control, the organic matter fermentation consumes long time and is low in efficiency, the equipment is complex and large in size, the running cost is high and the like in the anaerobic fermentation technology in the prior art. The fermentation equipment can effectively control the solid content in the organic matter fermentation equipment, thereby creating the optimal condition for the reproduction of anaerobic bacteria, and has the advantages of short organic matter fermentation time, high biogas yield, simple and convenient instrument operation and stable process.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme.
The invention provides fermentation equipment for organic matters, which comprises a first fermentation tank, a conveying system and a semi-permeable area which are sequentially connected; the conveying system is used for conveying the materials in the first fermentation tank to the semi-permeable area; the semi-permeable area is provided with a material with pores, the size of the pores is 200 mu m-5 mm, and the material is used for separating the material in the first fermentation tank; the semi-permeable area is also provided with a loop connected with the first fermentation tank, and the loop is used for conveying the separated material with high solid content to the first fermentation tank.
In the present invention, the first fermenter may be a fermenter which is conventional in the art.
Preferably, the first fermenter comprises a first inlet, a fifth inlet, a first outlet, a second outlet, a ninth outlet and a first fermenter material output pipe; the first inlet is a feeding channel of the separated material with high solid content; the fifth inlet is a feeding channel of the first fermentation tank and is used for conveying the fresh organic matters to be fermented into the first fermentation tank; one end of the first fermenter material output pipeline is connected with the first outlet and is used for conveying the material of the first fermenter to the semi-permeable area through the conveying system; the second outlet is a gas collecting channel of the first fermentation tank; the ninth outlet is a fermentation product discharge channel of the first fermentation tank and is used for discharging the fermentation product out of the first fermentation tank. In the invention, the fresh organic matter to be fermented refers to the raw material to be treated which never enters the fermentation equipment for treatment.
Wherein, preferably, the first inlet is positioned at the upper part of the first fermenter.
Wherein, preferably, the fifth inlet is positioned at the upper part of the first fermenter.
In a preferred embodiment, the first inlet and the fifth inlet of the first fermenter can be the same inlet, i.e. the first inlet can be the feed channel of the first fermenter as well as the feed channel of the high solid content material.
Wherein, preferably, the first outlet is positioned at the lower part of the first fermenter.
Wherein, preferably, the second outlet is positioned at the upper part of the first fermenter.
Wherein, preferably, the ninth outlet is positioned at the lower part of the first fermenter.
Preferably, the first fermenter is not provided with a stirring member therein.
In the present invention, the conveying system may be a conveying system conventional in the art, and the conveying system may adjust the conveying speed of the material.
In the invention, when the fermentation equipment is used, the material with high solid content obtained by separation in the semi-permeable zone is conveyed back to the first fermentation tank, and preferably, the semi-permeable zone is also provided with a pipeline for discharging the separated material with low solid content out of the semi-permeable zone. Wherein the low solid content rate means that the solid content rate is less than that of the material in the first fermentation tank, and the high solid content rate means that the solid content rate is greater than that of the material in the first fermentation tank.
Wherein, preferably, the semi-permeable area comprises a second inlet, a third outlet, a fourth outlet and a high solid content material output pipeline; the second inlet is connected with the other end of the first fermentation tank material output pipeline to form a feeding channel of the semi-permeable area; the third outlet is a discharge channel of the material with low solid content; the fourth outlet is a discharge channel of the material with high solid content; and one end of the high solid content material output pipeline is connected with the fourth outlet, and the other end of the high solid content material output pipeline is connected with the first fermentation tank and used for conveying the separated high solid content material to the first fermentation tank.
Wherein, preferably, the semi-permeable area is an inclined, serpentine, vertical or horizontal device.
More preferably, when the semi-permeable zone is a horizontal apparatus, the horizontal apparatus is a serpentine. More preferably, when the semi-permeable zone is a vertical apparatus, the second inlet is located at the lower part of the semi-permeable zone; the third outlet is positioned at the lower part of the semi-permeable zone and is higher than the second inlet; more preferably, the height of the third outlet from the bottom of the semi-permeable zone is within 15% of the height of the semi-permeable zone; the fourth outlet is located in an upper portion of the semi-permeable zone.
Preferably, the semi-permeable material in the semi-permeable zone is cloth, stainless steel, plastic or ceramic.
Preferably, the semi-permeable zone comprises a blow-back system, which can be conventional in the art, for cleaning the pores in the semi-permeable zone. Preferably, when the semi-permeable zone is a vertical device, the back-blowing system is located at the upper part of the semi-permeable zone.
In the present invention, preferably, the fermentation apparatus includes a flow rate adjustment apparatus located between the fourth outlet and the first inlet. The flow rate regulating device may be conventional in the art and may regulate the flow rate of the high solids content material in the semi-permeable zone.
In the present invention, preferably, the fermentation apparatus includes a fifth outlet, which is located between the fourth outlet and the first inlet and is a discharge channel for the fermentation product downstream of the semi-permeable zone.
In the present invention, preferably, the fermentation apparatus includes a heating system, and the heating system is located between the fourth outlet and the first inlet.
In a preferred embodiment, the fourth outlet connects the semi-permeable zone to the flow rate regulating device, the fifth outlet and the heating system in this order.
In the present invention, preferably, the fermentation apparatus includes a material introducing system, which is connected to the first inlet or the fifth inlet, and is used for introducing fresh organic matter to be fermented into the fermentation apparatus.
In the present invention, preferably, the fermentation apparatus comprises a second fermentation tank; the second fermentation tank comprises a third inlet, a sixth outlet, a seventh outlet, an eighth outlet, a low solid content material input pipeline and a second fermentation tank material output pipeline; one end of the low-solid-content material input pipeline is connected with the semi-permeable area (which can be the third outlet of the semi-permeable area), and the other end of the low-solid-content material input pipeline is connected with the third inlet, and is used for conveying the low-solid-content material to the second fermentation tank; the first fermenter comprises a fourth inlet; one end of the second fermentation tank material output pipeline is connected with the sixth outlet, and the other end of the second fermentation tank material output pipeline is connected with the fourth inlet, and is used for conveying part of the second fermentation tank material back to the first fermentation tank; the seventh outlet is used for discharging the residual materials of the second fermentation tank out of the second fermentation tank; the eighth outlet is a gas collection channel of the second fermentor.
Wherein, preferably, the third inlet is located at the lower part of the second fermenter.
Wherein, preferably, the fourth inlet is positioned at the upper part of the first fermenter.
Wherein, preferably, the sixth outlet is positioned at the upper part of the second fermenter.
Wherein, preferably, the seventh outlet is located at the upper part of the second fermenter.
Wherein, preferably, the eighth outlet is located at the upper part of the second fermenter.
The invention also provides a fermentation method of the organic matter, which is carried out by adopting the fermentation equipment and comprises the steps of fermenting the organic matter in the first fermentation tank; the conveying system conveys the materials in the first fermentation tank to the semi-permeable area for solid-liquid separation, the materials with low solid content obtained by the separation in the semi-permeable area are discharged from the semi-permeable area, and the materials with high solid content obtained by the separation in the semi-permeable area are conveyed back to the first fermentation tank;
wherein the low solid content is that the solid content is less than that of the material in the first fermenter; the high solid content is that the solid content is larger than that of the material in the first fermentation tank.
The invention can effectively mix the organic matters while ensuring the control of the solid content of the organic matters in the first fermentation tank. The conveying system pumps out the materials (the partially fermented solid and liquid) in the first fermentation tank, discharges partial materials (low solid content rate) after solid-liquid separation is carried out in the semi-permeable zone, and conveys the separated materials (high solid content rate) back to the first fermentation tank, so that the materials in the first fermentation tank can be fully mixed; and the solid content in the fermentation tank can be adjusted by adjusting the circulating speed and the circulating material amount of the conveying system. Therefore, the invention can accurately control the solid content in the fermentation tank and effectively mix all the fermentation materials in the fermentation tank. The use of a single system to achieve both mixing and control of the solid content rate enables fine control of both parameters, which is not possible with the prior art.
The invention can be used in the technical field of organic matter fermentation, and is particularly suitable for anaerobic fermentation of organic matters with relatively high solid content (usually, the solid content is more than 5%, preferably more than 10%, more preferably more than 15% and less than 35%). The organic matter is preferably one or more of solid organic waste or energy crops, such as agricultural waste, industrial waste, waste produced on the food processing industry chain, kitchen waste and municipal organic waste; and further for example industrial and municipal wastewater treatment sludges.
Wherein, the agricultural waste contains various crop straws, livestock and poultry manure produced by livestock and poultry cultivation, and the like; the waste produced in the industrial chain of the food processing industry or the kitchen waste contains a mixture of various substances such as oil, water, fruit peels, vegetables, rice flour, fish, meat, bones and the like; municipal organic waste contains domestic waste and the like.
In the present invention, the solid content in the first fermenter is preferably 10% to 40%, more preferably 15% to 25%.
The inventors have noted that controlling the solids content and the intensity of agitation in the fermentor is a key parameter for culturing the fermenting flora for fermenting the organic material. By controlling the parameters, the invention creates the optimal conditions for the culture of the fermentation flora. Furthermore, it may ensure an efficient discharge system of the soluble fermentation product. Therefore, compared with other anaerobic fermentation technologies, the method has the advantage that the retention time of the organic matters is greatly reduced. Thus, the fermenter using the present technology has a smaller volume compared to the prior art (the first fermenter or the second fermenter has a volume of only 30% of the dry fermentation apparatus or only 15% of the wet fermentation apparatus compared to the prior art, wherein the volume of the apparatus is calculated as volume of daily treatment amount per residence time), thereby reducing investment costs and floor space. This also makes the fermentation of the organic matter in the present invention more sufficient, thus ensuring a greater degradation of the organic matter and making the biogas production 25% higher than the conventional technology.
In the present invention, preferably, the average residence time of the organic matter in the first fermenter is 1 to 15 days.
In the present invention, preferably, the reaction in the first fermenter is anaerobic fermentation.
In the invention, preferably, after the stable operation, the amount of the material conveyed by the conveying system is 0.3-3 times of the volume of the first fermentation tank by taking one day as a time period.
In the present invention, preferably, when the fermentation apparatus includes the second fermentation tank, after stable operation, the amount of the material circulated from the second fermentation tank to the first fermentation tank is 0.2 to 3 times the volume of the first fermentation tank, calculated by taking one day as a time period.
In the present invention, preferably, the reaction in the second fermenter is anaerobic fermentation/aerobic fermentation, more preferably anaerobic fermentation.
In the invention, the temperature of the first fermenter is preferably 20 to 60 ℃.
In the present invention, preferably, the organic matter is re-fed into the first fermenter at least once a day.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The reagents and starting materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
the fermentation equipment can effectively control the solid content in the organic matter fermentation equipment, thereby creating the optimal condition for the reproduction of anaerobic bacteria, and the fermentation equipment has short organic matter fermentation time, high biogas yield and small fermentation tank volume, thereby reducing the investment cost and the occupied area.
The invention can prevent the formation of a suspension layer or a precipitation layer, which is a common operation problem of the existing anaerobic fermentation technology. The process is also particularly stable to fluctuations in the organic load of the organic material fed into the fermenter, thus making the apparatus easier to operate.
The present invention does not require the installation of moving parts inside the main fermenter, thereby reducing and simplifying maintenance operations.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus in example 2.
Description of the reference numerals
First fermenter 1
Conveying system 2
Semi-permeable zone 3
First outlet 4
A third outlet 5
First inlet 6
Flow rate regulating device 7
Fifth outlet 8
Heating system 9
Material introduction system 10
Second fermenter 11
Fourth inlet 12
Blowback system 13
Second outlet 14
An eighth outlet 15
Ninth outlet 16
Fifth inlet 17
Second inlet 18
Fourth outlet 19
Sixth outlet 20
Seventh outlet 21
Third inlet 22
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the fermentation apparatus of an organic matter in this embodiment includes a first fermenter 1, a delivery system 2, and a semi-permeable zone 3 connected in sequence; the conveying system 2 is used for conveying the materials in the first fermentation tank 1 to the semi-permeable area 3; the semi-permeable area 3 is provided with a material with pores, the size of the pores of the material is 200 mu m-5 mm, and the material is used for separating the material in the first fermentation tank 1; the semi-permeable zone 3 is also provided with a loop connected with the first fermentation tank 1, and the loop is used for conveying the separated material with high solid content to the first fermentation tank 1.
The first fermentation tank 1 comprises a first inlet 6, a fifth inlet 17, a first outlet 4, a second outlet 14, a ninth outlet 16 and a first fermentation tank material output pipeline; the first inlet 6 is a feeding channel of the separated material with high solid content; the fifth inlet 17 is a feeding channel of the first fermentation tank 1 and is used for conveying the organic matters to be fermented to the first fermentation tank 1; one end of the first fermenter material output pipeline is connected with the first outlet 4 and is used for conveying the material of the first fermenter 1 to the semi-permeable zone 3 through the conveying system 2; the second outlet 14 is a gas collecting channel of the first fermenter 1; the ninth outlet 16 is a fermentation product discharge channel of the first fermentation tank 1, and is used for discharging the fermentation product out of the first fermentation tank 1. Wherein, the fresh organic matter to be fermented refers to the raw material to be treated which never enters the fermentation equipment for treatment.
Wherein the first inlet 6 is located at the upper part of the first fermenter 1.
Wherein the fifth inlet 17 is located at the upper part of the first fermenter 1.
Wherein the first outlet 4 is located at the lower part of the first fermenter 1.
Wherein the second outlet 14 is located at the upper part of the first fermenter 1.
Wherein the ninth outlet 16 is located at the lower portion of the first fermenter 1.
The first fermenter 1 is not provided with a stirring member therein.
The conveying system 2 can adjust the conveying speed of the materials. When the fermentation equipment is used, the material with high solid content separated in the semi-permeable zone 3 is conveyed back to the first fermentation tank 1. The semi-permeable area 3 is also provided with a pipeline for discharging the separated material with low solid content out of the semi-permeable area 3. Wherein, the low solid content rate means that the solid content rate is less than that of the material in the first fermentation tank 1, and the high solid content rate means that the solid content rate is greater than that of the material in the first fermentation tank 1.
Wherein, the semi-permeable zone 3 comprises a second inlet 18, a third outlet 5, a fourth outlet 19 and a high solid content material output pipeline; the second inlet 18 is connected with the other end of the first fermenter material output pipeline to form a feed channel of the semi-permeable zone 3; the third outlet 5 is a discharge channel of the material with low solid content; the fourth outlet 19 is a discharge channel of the material with high solid content; one end of the high solid content material output pipeline is connected with the fourth outlet 19, and the other end of the high solid content material output pipeline is connected with the first fermentation tank 1, and is used for conveying the separated high solid content material to the first fermentation tank 1.
The semi-permeable area 3 is a vertical device, and the second inlet 18 is positioned at the lower part of the semi-permeable area 3; the third outlet 5 is located at the lower part of the semi-permeable zone 3 and is higher than the second inlet 18; the height of the third outlet 5 from the bottom of the semi-permeable zone 3 accounts for 15% of the height of the semi-permeable zone 3; the fourth outlet 19 is located in the upper part of the semi-permeable zone 3.
The semi-permeable material in the semi-permeable zone 3 is cloth.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the fermentation apparatus for an organic matter in this embodiment includes a first fermenter 1, a delivery system 2, and a semi-permeable zone 3 connected in sequence; the conveying system 2 is used for conveying the materials in the first fermentation tank 1 to the semi-permeable area 3; the semi-permeable area 3 is provided with a material with pores, the size of the pores of the material is 200 mu m-5 mm, and the material is used for separating the material in the first fermentation tank 1; the semi-permeable zone 3 is also provided with a loop connected with the first fermentation tank 1, and the loop is used for conveying the separated material with high solid content to the first fermentation tank 1.
The first fermentation tank 1 comprises a first inlet 6, a first outlet 4, a second outlet 14, a ninth outlet 16 and a first fermentation tank material output pipeline; the first inlet 6 is a feeding channel of the separated material with high solid content; one end of the first fermenter material output pipeline is connected with the first outlet 4 and is used for conveying the material of the first fermenter 1 to the semi-permeable zone 3 through the conveying system 2; the second outlet 14 is a gas collecting channel of the first fermenter 1; the ninth outlet 16 is a fermentation product discharge channel of the first fermentation tank 1, and is used for discharging the fermentation product out of the first fermentation tank 1. Wherein, the fresh organic matter to be fermented refers to the raw material to be treated which never enters the fermentation equipment for treatment.
Wherein the first inlet 6 is located at the upper part of the first fermenter 1.
Wherein the first outlet 4 is located at the lower part of the first fermenter 1.
Wherein the second outlet 14 is located at the upper part of the first fermenter 1.
Wherein the ninth outlet 16 is located at the lower portion of the first fermenter 1.
The first fermenter 1 is not provided with a stirring member therein.
The conveying system 2 can adjust the conveying speed of the materials. When the fermentation equipment is used, the material with high solid content separated in the semi-permeable zone 3 is conveyed back to the first fermentation tank 1. The semi-permeable area 3 is also provided with a pipeline for discharging the separated material with low solid content out of the semi-permeable area 3. Wherein, the low solid content rate means that the solid content rate is less than that of the material in the first fermentation tank 1, and the high solid content rate means that the solid content rate is greater than that of the material in the first fermentation tank 1.
Wherein, the semi-permeable zone 3 comprises a second inlet 18, a third outlet 5, a fourth outlet 19 and a high solid content material output pipeline; the second inlet 18 is connected with the other end of the first fermenter material output pipeline to form a feed channel of the semi-permeable zone 3; the third outlet 5 is a discharge channel of the material with low solid content; the fourth outlet 19 is a discharge channel of the material with high solid content; one end of the high solid content material output pipeline is connected with the fourth outlet 19. The fermentation device further comprises a flow rate regulating device 7, wherein the flow rate regulating device 7 is positioned between the fourth outlet 19 and the first inlet 6 and can regulate the flow rate of the material with high solid content in the semi-permeable zone 3. The other end of the high solid content material output pipeline is connected with the flow speed adjusting device 7, and the separated high solid content material is conveyed to the first fermentation tank 1.
The semi-permeable area 3 is a vertical device, and the second inlet 18 is positioned at the lower part of the semi-permeable area 3; the third outlet 5 is located at the lower part of the semi-permeable zone 3 and is higher than the second inlet 18; the height of the third outlet 5 from the bottom of the semi-permeable zone 3 accounts for 10% of the height of the semi-permeable zone 3; the fourth outlet 19 is located in the upper part of the semi-permeable zone 3.
The semi-permeable material in the semi-permeable zone 3 is stainless steel.
The semi-permeable zone 3 comprises a blow-back system 13, the blow-back system 13 being located in the upper part of the semi-permeable zone 3.
The fermentation device comprises a fifth outlet 8, the fifth outlet 8 is located between the fourth outlet 19 and the first inlet 6 and is a discharge channel for the fermentation product downstream of the semi-permeable zone 3.
The fermentation apparatus comprises a heating system 9, the heating system 9 being located between the fourth outlet 19 and the first inlet 6.
The fourth outlet 19 connects the semi-permeable zone 3 in turn with the flow rate regulating device 7, the fifth outlet 8 and the heating system 9.
The fermentation apparatus comprises a material introduction system 10, the material introduction system 10 being connected to the first inlet 6 for introducing fresh organic material to be fermented into the fermentation apparatus.
The fermentation equipment comprises a second fermentation tank 11; the second fermentation tank 11 comprises a third inlet 22, a sixth outlet 20, a seventh outlet 21, an eighth outlet 15, a low solid content material input pipeline and a second fermentation tank material output pipeline; one end of the low-solid-content material input pipeline is connected with the third outlet 5 of the semi-permeable zone 3, and the other end of the low-solid-content material input pipeline is connected with the third inlet 22, and is used for conveying the low-solid-content material to the second fermentation tank 11; the first fermenter 1 comprises a fourth inlet 12; one end of the second fermentation tank material output pipeline is connected with the sixth outlet 20, and the other end of the second fermentation tank material output pipeline is connected with the fourth inlet 12, and is used for conveying part of the material of the second fermentation tank 11 back to the first fermentation tank 1; the seventh outlet 21 is used for discharging the residual materials of the second fermentation tank 11 out of the second fermentation tank 11; the eighth outlet 15 is a gas collection channel of the second fermenter 11.
Wherein the third inlet 22 is located in the lower part of the second fermenter 11.
Wherein the fourth inlet 12 is located at the upper part of the first fermenter 1.
Wherein the sixth outlet 20 is located in the upper part of the second fermenter 11.
Wherein the seventh outlet 21 is located in the upper part of the second fermenter 11.
Wherein the eighth outlet 15 is located in the upper part of the second fermenter 11.
Application example 1
Using the apparatus of example 1, the volume of the first fermenter 1 was 60m3。
Can treat 10 tons of cow dung every day. Can generate 900m per day3Biogas, which contains 55% methane. 5.8 tons of liquid organic fertilizer can be discharged from the semi-permeable zone 3. 3 tons of solid organic fertilizer can be discharged from the first fermenter 1 every day.
The solid content in the first fermenter 1 was maintained at 22%. The material quantity circularly conveyed by the conveying system 2 every day is 90m3。
Application example 2
Using the apparatus of example 2, the volume of the first fermenter 1 was 20m3. The volume of the second fermenter 11(UASB type fermenter) was 10m3。
And 5 tons of sorted urban organic garbage (containing kitchen garbage) are treated.
Can generate 930m each day3The biogas of (2), wherein the biogas contains 58% of methane.
Discharging 0.22 tons of solid organic fertilizer from the first fermenter 1 every day; the flow rate of the liquid organic fertilizer discharged from the second fermentation tank 11 was 3.6 tons.
The solids content in the first fermenter 1 was maintained at 18%. The material quantity circularly conveyed by the conveying system 2 every day is 40m3. The flow rate of the feed from the second fermenter 11 to the first fermenter 1 is 10m per day3。

Claims (10)

1. The fermentation equipment of the organic matter is characterized by comprising a first fermentation tank, a conveying system and a semi-permeable area which are sequentially connected; the conveying system is used for conveying the materials in the first fermentation tank to the semi-permeable area; the semi-permeable area is provided with a material with pores, the size of the pores is 200 mu m-5 mm, and the material is used for separating the material in the first fermentation tank; the semi-permeable area is also provided with a loop connected with the first fermentation tank, and the loop is used for conveying the separated material with high solid content to the first fermentation tank.
2. The organic matter fermenting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first fermenter is not provided with a stirring member therein;
and/or the semi-permeable zone is also provided with a pipeline for discharging the separated material with low solid content out of the semi-permeable zone;
and/or the semi-permeable material in the semi-permeable area is cloth, stainless steel, plastic or ceramic.
3. The organic matter fermenting apparatus of claim 1, wherein said first fermenter comprises a first inlet, a fifth inlet, a first outlet, a second outlet, a ninth outlet, and a first fermenter material output pipe; the first inlet is a feeding channel of the separated material with high solid content; the fifth inlet is a feeding channel of the first fermentation tank and is used for conveying the fresh organic matters to be fermented into the first fermentation tank; one end of the first fermenter material output pipeline is connected with the first outlet and is used for conveying the material of the first fermenter to the semi-permeable area through the conveying system; the second outlet is a gas collecting channel of the first fermentation tank; the ninth outlet is a fermentation product discharge channel of the first fermentation tank and is used for discharging a fermentation product out of the first fermentation tank;
and/or the semi-permeable area comprises a second inlet, a third outlet, a fourth outlet and a high solid content material output pipeline; the second inlet is connected with the other end of the first fermentation tank material output pipeline to form a feeding channel of the semi-permeable area; the third outlet is a discharge channel of the material with low solid content; the fourth outlet is a discharge channel of the material with high solid content; one end of the high solid content material output pipeline is connected with the fourth outlet, and the other end of the high solid content material output pipeline is connected with the first fermentation tank and used for conveying the separated high solid content material to the first fermentation tank;
and/or the semi-permeable zone is an inclined, serpentine, vertical or horizontal device;
and/or, the semi-permeable zone comprises a blowback system; preferably, when the semi-permeable area is a vertical device, the back-blowing system is positioned at the upper part of the semi-permeable area.
4. A fermentation installation for organic matter according to claim 3,
when the semi-permeable area is a horizontal device, the horizontal device is a coiled pipe;
and/or, when the semi-permeable zone is a vertical device, the second inlet is positioned at the lower part of the semi-permeable zone; the third outlet is positioned at the lower part of the semi-permeable zone and is higher than the second inlet; the fourth outlet is located at the upper part of the semi-permeable zone; preferably, the height of the third outlet from the bottom of the semi-permeable zone is within 15% of the height of the semi-permeable zone.
5. The fermentation apparatus for organic matter of claim 3 or 4, wherein the first inlet and the fifth inlet of the first fermenter are the same inlet;
and/or, the first inlet is positioned at the upper part of the first fermentation tank;
and/or, the fifth inlet is positioned at the upper part of the first fermentation tank;
and/or the first outlet is positioned at the lower part of the first fermentation tank;
and/or the second outlet is positioned at the upper part of the first fermentation tank;
and/or the ninth outlet is positioned at the lower part of the first fermentation tank.
6. A fermentation arrangement of an organic substance according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the fermentation arrangement includes a flow rate adjustment device located between the fourth outlet and the first inlet;
and/or the fermentation equipment comprises a fifth outlet, the fifth outlet is positioned between the fourth outlet and the first inlet and is a discharge channel of a downstream fermentation product of the semi-permeable zone;
and/or, the fermentation apparatus comprises a heating system, the heating system is located between the fourth outlet and the first inlet;
preferably, the fourth outlet connects the semi-permeable zone to the flow rate regulating device, the fifth outlet and the heating system in this order;
and/or the fermentation equipment comprises a material introducing system, wherein the material introducing system is connected with the first inlet or the fifth inlet and is used for introducing fresh organic matters to be fermented into the fermentation equipment.
7. The fermentation apparatus of an organic substance of claim 1, wherein the fermentation apparatus comprises a second fermentor; the second fermentation tank comprises a third inlet, a sixth outlet, a seventh outlet, an eighth outlet, a low solid content material input pipeline and a second fermentation tank material output pipeline; one end of the low-solid-content material input pipeline is connected with the semi-permeable area, and the other end of the low-solid-content material input pipeline is connected with the third inlet and is used for conveying the low-solid-content material to the second fermentation tank; the first fermenter comprises a fourth inlet; one end of the second fermentation tank material output pipeline is connected with the sixth outlet, and the other end of the second fermentation tank material output pipeline is connected with the fourth inlet, and is used for conveying part of the second fermentation tank material back to the first fermentation tank; the seventh outlet is used for discharging the residual materials of the second fermentation tank out of the second fermentation tank; the eighth outlet is a gas collection channel of the second fermentor;
preferably, the third inlet is located in the lower part of the second fermenter;
preferably, the fourth inlet is located at the upper part of the first fermenter;
preferably, the sixth outlet is located at the upper part of the second fermenter;
preferably, the seventh outlet is located at the upper part of the second fermenter;
preferably, the eighth outlet is located at an upper portion of the second fermenter.
8. A fermentation method of an organic substance, which is performed by using the fermentation apparatus of an organic substance according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and which comprises the steps of fermenting the organic substance in the first fermentation tank; the conveying system conveys the materials in the first fermentation tank to the semi-permeable area for solid-liquid separation, the materials with low solid content obtained by the separation in the semi-permeable area are discharged from the semi-permeable area, and the materials with high solid content obtained by the separation in the semi-permeable area are conveyed back to the first fermentation tank;
wherein the low solid content is that the solid content is less than that of the material in the first fermenter; the high solid content is that the solid content is larger than that of the material in the first fermentation tank.
9. The fermentation method of organic matter according to claim 8, wherein the fermentation method is used for anaerobic fermentation of organic matter with a solid content of more than 5%, preferably more than 10%, more preferably more than 15% and less than 35%;
and/or the organic matter is solid organic waste or an energy crop;
and/or the solid content in the first fermentation tank is 10-40%, preferably 15-25%.
10. The method of fermenting an organic substance according to claim 8, wherein the average residence time of the organic substance in the first fermenter is 1 to 15 days;
and/or the reaction in the first fermentor is anaerobic fermentation;
and/or after stable operation, calculating by taking one day as a time period, wherein the amount of the materials conveyed by the conveying system is 0.3-3 times of the volume of the first fermentation tank;
and/or when the fermentation equipment comprises a second fermentation tank, after stable operation, calculating by taking one day as a time period, wherein the amount of the material circulated from the second fermentation tank to the first fermentation tank is 0.2-3 times of the volume of the first fermentation tank;
and/or the reaction in the second fermenter is an anaerobic/aerobic fermentation, preferably an anaerobic fermentation;
and/or the temperature of the first fermentation tank is 20-60 ℃;
and/or, the organic matter is re-dosed into the first fermenter at least once a day.
CN202010526539.6A 2020-06-09 2020-06-09 Fermentation equipment and fermentation method for organic matters Pending CN111534416A (en)

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AU2021289930A AU2021289930A1 (en) 2020-06-09 2021-06-01 Fermentation device and fermentation method for organic matter

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112011441A (en) * 2020-09-08 2020-12-01 重庆市环卫集团有限公司 Dry anaerobic digestion system for urban organic garbage
WO2021249243A1 (en) * 2020-06-09 2021-12-16 上海倍奇新能源科技有限公司 Fermentation device and fermentation method for organic matter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021249243A1 (en) * 2020-06-09 2021-12-16 上海倍奇新能源科技有限公司 Fermentation device and fermentation method for organic matter
CN112011441A (en) * 2020-09-08 2020-12-01 重庆市环卫集团有限公司 Dry anaerobic digestion system for urban organic garbage

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