CN105146205A - Method for improving broiler chicken production performance by means of microecological preparations for broiler chickens - Google Patents
Method for improving broiler chicken production performance by means of microecological preparations for broiler chickens Download PDFInfo
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- CN105146205A CN105146205A CN201510633186.9A CN201510633186A CN105146205A CN 105146205 A CN105146205 A CN 105146205A CN 201510633186 A CN201510633186 A CN 201510633186A CN 105146205 A CN105146205 A CN 105146205A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the broiler chicken production performance by means of microecological preparations for broiler chickens. The method for improving the broiler chicken production performance comprises the step that the production performance of the broiler chickens fed with broiler chicken daily rations containing the microecological preparations is higher than that of the broiler chickens fed with ordinary broiler chicken daily rations. Cultures obtained by culturing complex microbial inoculants through fermentation media are adopted as the active ingredients of the microecological preparations; the active ingredients of the complex microbial inoculant comprise bacillus subtilis RJGP16, saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC 1562 and lactobacillus plantarum CICC 22696; the broiler chicken daily rations containing the microecological preparations are obtained by adding the microecological preparations accounting for 0.015%-0.05% of the mass of the ordinary broiler chicken daily rations into the ordinary broiler chicken daily rations, and the ordinary broiler chicken daily rations do not contain the microecological preparations.
Description
The divisional application that the application is application number is 201310368671.9, the applying date is on 08 20th, 2013, invention and created name is " utilizing broiler chicken probiotics to improve the method for meat chicken production performance ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method improving meat chicken production performance, particularly a kind of method utilizing broiler chicken probiotics preparation to improve meat chicken production performance.
Background technology
Broiler chicken is in long-term evolution process, microorganism in alimentary canal and host define stable symbiosis, the microecological balance in Broiler Chicken can be kept, there is promotion Development of Digestive Organs, resist pathogenic microorganisms infringement, buffering unfavorable factor happens suddenly the functions such as impact, be conducive to broiler chicken and keep the good general level of the health and production performance.In recent years, broiler breeding scale expands gradually, although the economic benefit that industrialized cultivation scale is larger for raiser brings, but the unfavorable factor such as popular of the adjoint prophylactic agent such as breeding environment deterioration, the antibiotic abuse of intensive farm, epidemic disease have impact on the microecological balance in Broiler Chicken greatly, the gut development of broiler chicken, physiological metabolism, anti-stress ability etc. is caused to remain at low levels, and then causing the production performance of broiler chicken to decline, genetic potential cannot give full play to.Thus, exploring the technical measures improving microecological balance in broiler chicken body is that meat type chicken cultivates major issue urgently to be resolved hurrily.
The own health of broiler chicken and body microecological balance level are the important leverages that production performance plays.At present, in feeding of broiler, use chemically additive to improving the production performance of broiler chicken in a large number, but residual because it is improper and illegal use causes in broiler chicken product be the major incentive causing food-safety problem.The additive of developing green, safety and the means that utilize of science thereof meet the direction of broiler breeding industry sound development.
Summary of the invention
A technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method improving meat chicken production performance.
The method of raising meat chicken production performance provided by the present invention, comprise and obtain the step of production performance higher than the broiler chicken with the common Diet of broiler chicken with the daily ration of broiler feeding dorking containing probiotics, the active component of described probiotics is the culture obtained with fermentation medium cultivation composite bacteria agent capable; The active component of described composite bacteria agent capable is made up of bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus plantarum; The described daily ration of broiler containing probiotics be add in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken be the common daily ration quality of described broiler chicken 0.015%-0.05% described in the feed that obtains of probiotics, not containing described probiotics in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken.
In the method, the method raised table hens is except daily ration difference, and other condition (comprising layer breed, feeding environment, feeding method) is all identical.
In said method, described bacillus subtilis can be bacillus subtilis RJGP16, described saccharomyces cerevisiae can be saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC1562 and described Lactobacillus plantarum can be Lactobacillus plantarum CICC22696.
In said method, in the active component of described composite bacteria agent capable, the colony forming unit number ratio of described bacillus subtilis, described saccharomyces cerevisiae and described Lactobacillus plantarum can be 1:1-3:1 (as 1:3:1 or 1:1:1).
In said method, described production performance is following 1)-6) in whole or five kinds or four kinds or three kinds or two kinds or a kind of:
1) rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house;
2) meat feed ratio;
3) apparent digestibility of protein;
4) apparent digestibility of calcium;
5) apparent digestibility of phosphorus;
6) body weight.
In said method, often liter of described fermentation medium can be prepared as follows: 10g carbon source, 10g nitrogenous source, 1.5gKH
2pO
4, 0.80gMnSO
4, 1.00gMgSO
4, 1.0gNaCl, be settled to l000mL with water, pH value 6.0-7.0 (as 6.5); Described carbon source is glucose or sucrose; Described nitrogenous source is peptone or dusty yeast.
In said method, described composite bacteria agent capable to can be the liquid spawn of the liquid spawn of described bacillus subtilis, described saccharomyces cerevisiae and the liquid spawn of described Lactobacillus plantarum according to the colony forming unit number of 1:1-3:1 (as 1:3:1 or 1:1:1) than the mixture be mixed to get.
In said method, the liquid spawn of described bacillus subtilis can be the culture (all substances in culture vessel) cultivated 18-24h with described fermentation medium obtain at 30-32 DEG C;
The liquid spawn of described saccharomyces cerevisiae can be the culture (all substances in culture vessel) cultivated 32-40h (as 36 hours) with described fermentation medium obtain at 28-30 DEG C;
The liquid spawn of described Lactobacillus plantarum can be the culture (all substances in culture vessel) cultivated 46-54h (as 48 hours) with described fermentation medium obtain at 35-37 DEG C.
In said method, the condition of culture that described fermentation medium cultivates composite bacteria agent capable employing is: cultivation temperature 34-36 DEG C (as 34 DEG C), incubation time 42-48 hour (as 42 hours), the inoculum concentration (volume of the described composite bacteria agent capable of access and the volume ratio of described fermentation medium) of described composite bacteria agent capable is 6% (volume ratio).
In said method, the described daily ration of broiler containing probiotics specifically can be a) or b) or c):
A) add in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken be the common daily ration quality of described broiler chicken 0.02% described in the feed that obtains of probiotics;
B) add in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken be the common daily ration quality of described broiler chicken 0.025% described in the feed that obtains of probiotics;
C) add in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken be the common daily ration quality of described broiler chicken 0.02%-0.025% described in the feed that obtains of probiotics.
Present invention also offers a kind of daily ration improving meat chicken production performance.
The daily ration of raising meat chicken production performance of the present invention is the daily ration of broiler containing probiotics described in said method.
In the daily ration of above-mentioned raising meat chicken production performance, the common daily ration of described broiler chicken can be the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time and/or the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period, correspondingly, the daily ration of described raising meat chicken production performance also can be the brood time daily ration improving meat chicken production performance and/or the finishing period daily ration improving meat chicken production performance;
The brood time daily ration of described raising meat chicken production performance be add in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken brood time be the common daily ration quality of described broiler chicken brood time 0.015%-0.05% described in the feed that obtains of probiotics, not containing described probiotics in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken brood time;
The finishing period daily ration of described raising meat chicken production performance be add in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken finishing period be the common daily ration quality of described broiler chicken finishing period 0.015%-0.05% described in the feed that obtains of probiotics, not containing described probiotics in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken finishing period.
In the brood time daily ration of described raising meat chicken production performance and the finishing period daily ration of described raising meat chicken production performance, the mass content of described probiotics all can be 0.02%-0.025%, 0.02% or 0.025%.
Above, described probiotics can only be made up of the active component of described probiotics.Described probiotics also can be made up of the active component of described probiotics and carrier; Described carrier specifically can be at least one in calcium phosphate, powdered rice hulls, wheat bran, rice bran, skimmed milk power, maltodextrin, sucrose, glycerine and starch.
Above, the thalline content of described probiotics can be 5 × 10
8-8 × 10
9cfu/g, as 6 × 10
9cfu/g.
Above, described brood time can be 1-the 28th age in days, and described finishing period can be the 29th age in days-deliver for sale, as such as the 29th age in days-42 age in days, the 29th age in days-46 age in days, the 29th age in days-46 age in days.
Above, the daily ration of broiler feeding dorking that described use contains probiotics is the broiler chicken of 1 age in days of feeding with the daily ration of broiler that described use contains probiotics.
In an embodiment of the invention, described broiler chicken is Arbor Acre chickens or AA broiler chicken.
The common daily ration of described broiler chicken can contain energy feed, protein feeds, mineral feed and vitamin feed.
Described energy feed can be conventional energy feed, as being selected from least one in following substances: Gu Shi, bran, potato, grass-seed and tree are real.Described protein feeds can be conventional protein feeds, as being selected from least one in following substances: Soybean Meal, Cottonseed Meal, corn germ cake, meat meal tankage, rapeseed dregs, peanut meal and the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dregs of rice etc.
Described mineral feed can be selected from stone flour, calcium bicarbonate, salt, oyster shell whiting, bone meal, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, salt, copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, KI, zinc oxide, sodium selenite and cobalt chloride etc.
Described vitamin feed can be conventional vitamin feed, as being selected from least one in following substances: vitamin A, vitamine D3, vitamin E, Vitamin K3, vitamin B1 g, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, D-VB5 calcium, biotin, antioxidant described in Choline Chloride can be vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) or butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA).
In an embodiment of the invention, the composition of the common daily ration of described broiler chicken brood time and the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period is as table 1.
Experiment proves, to feed with the daily ration of broiler containing probiotics of the present invention the broiler chicken of 1 age in days, contain the chicken body weight that the daily ration of broiler of 0.015% probiotics of the present invention, the daily ration of broiler containing 0.025% probiotics of the present invention and the daily ration of broiler containing 0.05% probiotics of the present invention feed during 14 age in days and be significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); During 21 age in days, the chicken body weight that the daily ration of broiler containing 0.025% probiotics of the present invention and the daily ration of broiler containing 0.05% probiotics of the present invention are fed is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); Contain the chicken body weight that the daily ration of broiler of 0.015% probiotics of the present invention, daily ration of broiler containing 0.025% probiotics of the present invention and the daily ration of broiler containing 0.05% probiotics of the present invention feed during 42 age in days and be significantly higher than control group (P<0.05).Apparent digestibility and the meat feed ratio of the rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house of the chicken that the daily ration of broiler containing 0.02% probiotics of the present invention is fed, crude protein, calcium and phosphorus are all significantly higher than control group.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is further described in detail, the embodiment provided only in order to illustrate the present invention, instead of in order to limit the scope of the invention.Experimental technique in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method.Material used in following embodiment, reagent etc., if no special instructions, be conventional material or reagent, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Bacillus subtilis RJGP16 in following embodiment (Deng Jun, Li Yunfeng, Yang Qian. the impact that bacillus subtilis and pig source Bacillus acidi lactici mixed feeding are grown piglet intestinal villus. animal and veterinary medical science report " .2013 02 phase; Li Yunfeng, Deng Jun, Zhang Jinhua, Deng. the impact [J] that bacillus subtilis is expressed Small Intestine of Piglets local innate and TLR. journal of animal science and veterinary medicine, 2011, (04): 562-566.), the public can obtain this bacterial classification from the applicant of the application, to repeat the application's experiment.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC1562 in following embodiment is purchased from Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center (ChinaCenterofIndustrialCultureCollection, CICC).
Lactobacillus plantarum CICC22696 in following embodiment is purchased from Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center (ChinaCenterofIndustrialCultureCollection, CICC).
The formula of the common daily ration of the broiler chicken in following embodiment is as shown in table 1.
The common daily ration composition of table 1, broiler chicken and proportioning
In table 1, every kilogram of premix contains: CuSO
45H
2o0.64g, FeSO
4h
2o516g, ZnSO
4h
2o4g, MnSO
4h
2o318g, Na
2seO
30.016g, V
a16IU, V
d3415IU, V
e400IU, V
k90mg, V
b160mg, V
b2200mg, nicotinic acid 550mg, calcium pantothenate 220mg, folic acid 12mg, all the other are stone flour.
" % " in table 1 is mass percentage.
The preparation of embodiment 1, broiler chicken composite bacteria agent capable
The present embodiment relates to two kinds of broiler chicken composite bacteria agent capables, is respectively broiler chicken composite bacteria agent capable A and broiler chicken composite bacteria agent capable B.
The liquid spawn of the liquid spawn of bacillus subtilis RJGP16, saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC1562 and the liquid spawn of Lactobacillus plantarum CICC22696 are all diluted to 10 with sterilized water by broiler chicken composite bacteria agent capable A respectively
8after cfu/ml according to the colony forming unit number of 1:3:1 than the mixture be mixed to get.
The liquid spawn of the liquid spawn of bacillus subtilis RJGP16, saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC1562 and the liquid spawn of Lactobacillus plantarum CICC22696 are all diluted to 10 with sterilized water by broiler chicken composite bacteria agent capable B respectively
8after cfu/ml according to the colony forming unit number of 1:1:1 than the mixture be mixed to get.
Wherein, the liquid spawn of bacillus subtilis RJGP16 is the culture (all substances in culture vessel) cultivated 18-24h with fermentation medium A obtain at 30-32 DEG C.Concrete preparation method is as follows: be inoculated in by the bacillus subtilis RJGP16 activated in the 500ml triangular flask of the fermentation medium A that 100ml is housed, 30-32 DEG C, 180rpm (radius of turn 20mm) shaken cultivation 20 hours, all substances (culture) in triangular flask are the liquid spawn of bacillus subtilis RJGP16.The bacillus subtilis RJGP16 content of the liquid spawn of this bacillus subtilis RJGP16 is 2 × 10
8cfu/ml.
The liquid spawn of saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC1562 is the culture (all substances in culture vessel) cultivated 32-40h with fermentation medium A obtain at 28-30 DEG C.Concrete preparation method is as follows: be inoculated in by the saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC1562 activated in the 500ml triangular flask of the fermentation medium A that 100ml is housed, 28-30 DEG C, 180rpm (radius of turn 20mm) shaken cultivation 36 hours, all substances (culture) in triangular flask are the liquid spawn of saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC1562.The saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC1562 content of the liquid spawn of this saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC1562 is 1.5 × 10
8cfu/ml.
The liquid spawn of Lactobacillus plantarum CICC22696 is the culture (all substances in culture vessel) cultivated 46-54h with fermentation medium A obtain at 35-37 DEG C.Concrete preparation method is as follows: be inoculated in by the Lactobacillus plantarum CICC22696 activated in the 500ml triangular flask of the fermentation medium A that 100ml is housed, 35-37 DEG C, quiescent culture 48 hours, all substances (culture) in triangular flask are the liquid spawn of Lactobacillus plantarum CICC22696.The Lactobacillus plantarum CICC22696 content of the liquid spawn of this Lactobacillus plantarum CICC22696 is 4.5 × 10
8cfu/ml.
Often liter of fermentation medium A prepares as follows: 10g glucose, 10g peptone, 1.5gKH
2pO
4, 0.80gMnSO
4, 1.00gMgSO
4, 1.0gNaCl, be settled to l000mL with distilled water, pH value 6.5; Sterilizing 20 minutes under 121 DEG C of conditions.
The preparation of embodiment 2, broiler chicken probiotics
Present embodiments provide two kinds of broiler chicken probioticses, be called broiler chicken probiotics A and broiler chicken probiotics B.
Broiler chicken probiotics A is the culture that the broiler chicken composite bacteria agent capable A adopting the fermentation medium A of embodiment 1 to cultivate embodiment 1 obtains.Concrete preparation method is as follows: access in the 500L fermentation tank of the fermentation medium A that 200L embodiment 1 is housed by the broiler chicken composite bacteria agent capable A of embodiment 1 according to the inoculum concentration (volume of the composite bacteria agent capable of access and the volume ratio of fermentation medium) of 6% (volume ratio), at 34 DEG C, throughput is 600L/h, speed of agitator is cultivate 42 hours under the condition of 150rpm, collect the material (zymotic fluid) that in fermentation tank, all cultivations obtain, add powdered rice hulls and carry out drying at 50 DEG C, obtain broiler chicken probiotics A.Total thalline content in this broiler chicken probiotics A is 6 × 10
9cfu/g.Wherein, powdered rice hulls is in advance through micronization processes (powder granularity of 90% is less than 100 μm, and average grain diameter is less than 50 μm, and described average grain diameter is 50% diameter of particle).
Broiler chicken probiotics B is the culture that the broiler chicken composite bacteria agent capable B adopting the fermentation medium A of embodiment 1 to cultivate embodiment 1 obtains.Concrete preparation method is as follows: access in the 500L fermentation tank of the fermentation medium A that 200L embodiment 1 is housed by the broiler chicken composite bacteria agent capable B of embodiment 1 according to the inoculum concentration (volume of the composite bacteria agent capable of access and the volume ratio of fermentation medium) of 6% (volume ratio), at 34 DEG C, throughput is 600L/h, speed of agitator is cultivate 42 hours under the condition of 150rpm, collect the material (zymotic fluid) that in fermentation tank, all cultivations obtain, add powdered rice hulls and carry out drying at 50 DEG C, obtain broiler chicken probiotics B.Total thalline content in this broiler chicken probiotics B is 4 × 10
9cfu/g.Wherein, powdered rice hulls is in advance through micronization processes (powder granularity of 90% is less than 100 μm, and average grain diameter is less than 50 μm, and described average grain diameter is 50% diameter of particle).
The broiler chicken probiotics A of embodiment 3, use embodiment 2 improves broiler weight
1.1 experimental animal
Selection body weight is that the love of 50 ± 5 grams is pulled out increasingly---strong young 12000 of 1 age in days of fast large-scale white meat-type chickens, is divided into 4 processed group, i.e. control group, 0.015% probiotics group, 0.025% probiotics group and 0.05% probiotics group at random.Each processed group 3 repetition, each repetition 1000 chickens.
1.2 daily ration
Broiler chicken brood time daily ration is divided into the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time, 0.015% broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration, 0.025% broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration, 0.05% broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration.Wherein, the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time is as shown in table 1; 0.015% broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics A of the embodiment 2 of 0.015% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 obtains; 0.025% broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics A of the embodiment 2 of 0.025% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 obtains; 0.05% broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics A of the embodiment 2 of 0.05% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 obtains.
Broiler chicken finishing period daily ration is divided into four kinds, the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period, 0.015% broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration, 0.025% broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration, 0.05% broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration.Wherein, the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period is as shown in table 1; 0.015% broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics A of the embodiment 2 of 0.015% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 obtains; 0.025% broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics A of the embodiment 2 of 0.025% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 obtains; 0.05% broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics A of the embodiment 2 of 0.05% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 obtains.
1.3 test method
42 days experimental periods, all broiler chicken free choice feedings of duration of test and drinking-water, conveniently immune programme for children carries out immunity, and except the daily ration difference of feeding, other rearing conditions is identical.Wherein, control group is fed at the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time of 1-28 age in days table 1, feeds at the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period of 29-42 age in days table 1; 0.015% probiotics group is fed at 1-28 age in days 0.015% broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration, feeds at 29-42 age in days 0.015% broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration; 0.025% probiotics group is fed at 1-28 age in days 0.025% broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration, feeds at 29-42 age in days 0.025% broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration; 0.05% probiotics group is fed at 1-28 age in days 0.05% broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration, feeds at 29-42 age in days 0.05% broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration.
The body weight of broiler chicken during determination test.Assay method is: weigh respectively once respectively at 7 ages in days, 14 ages in days, 21 ages in days, 28 ages in days, 42 ages in days, and fasting in early morning is prohibited water and weighed.When weighing, each repetition randomly draws 100 chickens, respectively records.
2 data statistics
Test the independent samples t test process statistics of all data acquisition SPSS12.0 (SPSSInc., USA) statistical softwares.
3 result of the tests
Different adding amount broiler chicken probiotics on the impact of broiler growth in table 2.In feeding process, the Broiler Chicken weight average of 0.025% probiotics processed group is kept above the level of other process.During 7 age in days, broiler weight is maximum with 0.025% probiotics processed group, and higher than control group, but difference is not significantly (P > 0.05); During 14 age in days, 0.015% probiotics group, 0.025% probiotics group, 0.05% probiotics group, broiler chicken live-weight is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); During 21 age in days, 0.025% probiotics group, 0.05% is by probiotics group compared with control group, and broiler chicken live-weight is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); During 28 age in days, the broiler chicken live-weight of 0.025% probiotics group is higher than control group, but difference is not significantly (P > 0.05); 35 ages in days, 0.025% probiotics group and 0.05% probiotics group show the higher trend of broiler chicken live-weight, but with contrast group difference significantly (P > 0.05); During 42 age in days, the broiler chicken live-weight of all interpolation broiler chicken probiotics groups is all significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), wherein obvious with 0.025% probiotics group additive effect.Comprehensive analysis, broiler chicken probiotics of the present invention has good facilitation to raising broiler chicken live-weight, wherein best with the action effect of 0.025% addition.
Table 2 broiler chicken probiotics is on the impact (g) of broiler chicken live-weight
Note: the different significance degree of The English alphabet differential of going together in table, between the process of same letter in 0.05 level without significant difference, between the different process of letter, in 0.05 level, there were significant differences.
Embodiment 4, the broiler chicken probiotics A using embodiment 2 and broiler chicken probiotics B improve meat chicken production performance
1.1 experimental animal
Selection body weight is strong young 9000 of 1 age in days of 50 ± 5 Ke Aiwei mattress-white meat-type chickens, is divided into three groups at random: control group, broiler chicken probiotics A group, broiler chicken probiotics B group, each processed group 3 repetition, each repetition 1000 chickens.
1.2 daily ration
Broiler chicken brood time daily ration is divided into the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time, broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration, broiler chicken probiotics B brood time daily ration.Wherein, the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time is as shown in table 1; Broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics A of the embodiment 2 of 0.02% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 obtains; Broiler chicken probiotics B brood time daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics B of the embodiment 2 of 0.02% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 obtains.
Broiler chicken finishing period daily ration is divided into the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period, broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration, broiler chicken probiotics B finishing period daily ration.Wherein, the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period is as shown in table 1; Broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics A of the embodiment 2 of 0.02% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 obtains; Broiler chicken probiotics B finishing period daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics B of the embodiment 2 of 0.02% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 obtains.
1.3 test method
46 days experimental periods, all broiler chicken free choice feedings of duration of test and drinking-water, conveniently immune programme for children carries out immunity, and except the daily ration difference of feeding, other rearing conditions is identical.
Wherein, control group is fed at the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time of 1-28 age in days table 1, feeds at the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period of 29-46 age in days table 1; Broiler chicken probiotics A group is fed at 1-28 age in days broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration, feeds at 29-46 age in days broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration; Broiler chicken probiotics B group is fed at 1-28 age in days broiler chicken probiotics B brood time daily ration, feeds at 29-46 age in days broiler chicken probiotics B finishing period daily ration.
The death rate of broiler chicken, the rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house, feed intake and feedstuff-meat ratio during determination test.
Gather broiler chicken excrement sample and daily ration sample in the 36th age in days to 42 age in days, measure the nutriment apparent digestibility of broiler chicken with endogenous indicator method (4mol/L ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid).Crude protein (CP) content in daily ration and excrement sample adopts crude protein determining method in GB/T6432-1994 feed, calcium content adopts the mensuration computed microstructure of NY/T1944-2010 Calcium in Feed, and phosphorus content adopts total phosphorus yield AAS in GB/T6437-2002 feed.
Computing formula is as follows:
The death rate (%)=dead chicken number (only)/enter to give up chicken number (only) × 100;
The rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house (%)=deliver for sale chicken number (only)/enter to give up chicken number (only) × 100;
Feed intake (kg/ only)=feed consumption (kg)/total amount of livestock for sale (only);
Feedstuff-meat ratio=feed intake (kg)/deliver for sale heavily (kg);
Diet nutrient material apparent digestibility (%)=[1-(b/a) × (c/d)] × 100.Wherein, a is the content (%) of certain nutritional labeling in daily ration; B is the content (%) of certain nutritional labeling in ight soil; C is the content (%) of ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid in daily ration; D is the content (%) of ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid in ight soil.
2 data statistics
Test the independent samples t test process statistics of all data acquisition SPSS12.0 (SPSSInc., USA) statistical softwares.
3 result of the tests
Table 3 is broiler chicken probiotics delivers counterpoise and feedstuff-meat ratio for sale impact on broiler chicken.When delivering for sale, control group broiler chicken counterpoise is 2.55kg, and broiler chicken probiotics A group to deliver counterpoise for sale be 2.61kg, broiler chicken by probiotics A group than control group height 0.06kg, be significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), show that the broiler chicken probiotics A of embodiment 2 is conducive to improving delivering for sale heavily of broiler chicken, broiler chicken probiotics B group is delivered for sale middle slightly high than control group, but difference is not significantly (P > 0.05).From data in table 3, in process of the test, the feedstuff-meat ratio of control group broiler chicken is the highest, is 1.98; And the meat feed ratio of broiler chicken probiotics A group broiler chicken is only 1.88, significantly lower than control group (P<0.05); Broiler chicken between broiler chicken probiotics A group and control group, has the trend reducing feedstuff-meat ratio with the feedstuff-meat ratio of probiotics B group, but with contrast group difference remarkable (P > 0.05).Illustrate and use broiler chicken probiotics A can reduce broiler chicken feedstuff-meat ratio, use broiler chicken probiotics B group to have the trend reducing feedstuff-meat ratio, but effect is not remarkable.
Table 3 broiler chicken probiotics is on the impact of broiler chicken feedstuff-meat ratio
| Process | Deliver counterpoise (kg) for sale | Feedstuff-meat ratio |
| Control group | 2.55 b | 1.98 a |
| Broiler chicken probiotics A group | 2.61 a | 1.88 b |
| Broiler chicken probiotics B group | 2.58 ab | 1.94 ab |
Note: the different letter of same column mark is significant difference (P<0.05).
Broiler chicken probiotics on the impact of the broiler chicken death rate and the rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house in table 4.From data in table, the control group death rate is 14.18%, and broiler chicken by the probiotics A group death rate significantly lower than control group (P<0.05), be only 9.50%, the rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house of broiler chicken probiotics A group reaches more than 90%, is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); The death rate and the rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house of broiler chicken probiotics B group are also significantly better than control group (P<0.05), but improve effect not as good as probiotics A group.Illustrate and use broiler chicken probiotics A and B can reduce the broiler chicken death rate, increase the number of heads of livestock for sale, wherein broiler chicken probiotics A is better than broiler chicken probiotics B.
Table 4 broiler chicken probiotics is on the impact of the broiler chicken death rate
| Process | The death rate (%) | The rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house (%) |
| Control group | 14.18 a | 85.82 b |
| Broiler chicken probiotics A group | 9.50 b | 90.50 a |
| Broiler chicken probiotics B group | 10.19 b | 89.81 a |
Note: the different letter of same column mark is significant difference (P<0.05).
Table 5 is depicted as the impact of broiler chicken probiotics on daily ration of broiler apparent digestibility.Add broiler chicken with after probiotics A, B, the apparent digestibility of protein brings up to 64.04% and 60.77% by 51.70% respectively, be significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), broiler chicken probiotics A group shows the higher trend of digestibility, but without significant difference (P > 0.05) between two kinds of probiotics processed group; Calcium, the phosphorus digestibility of broiler chicken probiotics A group are also significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); Calcium, the phosphorus digestibility of broiler chicken probiotics B group all have improvement trend compared with control group, wherein phosphorus digestibility is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), and calcium digestibility and control group are without significant difference (P > 0.05); Broiler chicken probiotics B group improves the effect of calcium phosphorus digestibility not as good as broiler chicken probiotics A group.Illustrate that broiler chicken probiotics of the present invention significantly can improve the apparent digestibility of broiler chicken crude protein, calcium, phosphorus.
Table 5 broiler chicken probiotics is on the impact of daily ration of broiler apparent digestibility
Note: the different letter of same column mark is significant difference (P<0.05).
Embodiment 5, improve Meat Quality of Broiler Chicks with the broiler chicken probiotics A of embodiment 2 and broiler chicken probiotics B
1.1 experimental animal
Selection body weight is strong young 9000 of 1 age in days of 50 ± 5 Ke Aiwei mattress-white meat-type chickens, is divided into three groups at random: control group, broiler chicken probiotics A group, broiler chicken probiotics B group, each processed group 3 repetition, each repetition 1000 chickens.
1.2 daily ration
Broiler chicken brood time daily ration is divided into the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time, broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration, broiler chicken probiotics B brood time daily ration.Wherein, the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time is as shown in table 1; Broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics A of the embodiment 2 of 0.02% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 obtains; Broiler chicken probiotics B brood time daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics B of the embodiment 2 of 0.02% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken brood time of table 1 obtains.
Broiler chicken finishing period daily ration is divided into the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period, broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration, broiler chicken probiotics B finishing period daily ration.Wherein, the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period is as shown in table 1; Broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics A of the embodiment 2 of 0.02% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 obtains; Broiler chicken probiotics B finishing period daily ration is that to add in the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 be the daily ration that the broiler chicken probiotics B of the embodiment 2 of 0.02% of the common daily ration quality of broiler chicken finishing period of table 1 obtains.
1.3 test method
47 days experimental periods, all broiler chicken free choice feedings of duration of test and drinking-water, conveniently immune programme for children carries out immunity, and except the daily ration difference of feeding, other rearing conditions is identical.Wherein, control group is fed at the common daily ration of broiler chicken brood time of 1-28 age in days table 1, feeds at the common daily ration of broiler chicken finishing period of 29-47 age in days table 1; Broiler chicken probiotics A group is fed at 1-28 age in days broiler chicken probiotics A brood time daily ration, feeds at 29-47 age in days broiler chicken probiotics A finishing period daily ration; Broiler chicken probiotics B group is fed at 1-28 age in days broiler chicken probiotics B brood time daily ration, feeds at 29-47 age in days broiler chicken probiotics B finishing period daily ration.
Experimental period, terminates the previous day, often repeats to choose the close chicken of body weight 3, and neck bloodletting is butchered, fasting 12h before killing.Measure cholesterol level, crude protein content, amino acid content, fat content, moisture, muscle drip loss, pH in chicken whole-body muscle; Measure yellowish pink, the tenderness of chest muscle; Utilize elasticity, viscosity, cohesion, the chewiness of instrumental test chicken wings, chicken leg and pigeon breast position muscle.
1.3.1 cholesterol level measures according to GB/T5009.128-2003 " mensuration of Food Cholesterol " standard.
1.3.2 gross protein value measures
Take meat sample, then smash to pieces with tissue mashing machine, put into baking oven constant temperature drying.In digestion tube, add 2g meat sample, 2.5g antioxidant and the 10mL concentrated sulfuric acid, then on High-temperature Digestion stove, carry out treatments of the sample.Application kjeldahl apparatus measures, and computing formula is:
Crude protein %=(A-A
0) × 0.014 × 6.25 × 0.1612/W × 100%
A
0for blank, W is meat sample heavy (g), and 0.1612 is sulfuric acid concentration, and A is machine-readable number.
1.3.3 crude fat content measures
Get meat sample, then smash mixing to pieces with tissue mashing machine, in an oven constant temperature drying, in filtration paper cylinder, place 1g sample; Dry filtration paper cylinder, until weigh as constant weight, Milko-Tester carries out the mensuration of crude fat.
1.3.4 determination of moisture
Get meat sample, weigh after smashing to pieces G, puts into moisture ware and be weighed as W, then put into baking oven, at 250 DEG C, dry 4h, put into drying basin, dry cooling 30min, and then weigh, be recorded as A, according to following formulae discovery moisture: moisture=(W-A/G) × 100%.
1.3.5 yellowish pink mensuration
Get and tread on and fatty green meat sample 25g and water 50mL without muscle, making beating is smashed to pieces immediately in tissue mashing machine, get it and all put into 50mL centrifuge tube, then it is centrifugal to carry out first time, get supernatant to be respectively charged in 2-3 little centrifuge tube and to carry out second time centrifugation, centrifugal condition is centrifugal 10min under 3000r/min, when after taking-up centrifuge tube, with filter paper removing liquid level fat, then supernatant is placed in cuvette (optical path 1cm), under 540nm wavelength condition, measures OD value with ultraviolet specrophotometer.
1.3.6 the mensuration of tenderness
In 100mL stainless steel homogenate cup, put into 10g meat sample, add cold sucrose (0.24mol/L) and potassium chloride (0.2mol/L) the mixed liquor 50ml of equivalent simultaneously, leave standstill 5min, then with refiner sample stirred at full speed and cut 40s.Be 250 μm with aperture and know the strainer filtering of weight, after filtration, filter screen and residue blotting paper blot, and then weigh.Calculate not by meat sample broken section of weight (being greater than 250 μm) of filter screen, be then converted into residue weight contained in every 100g meat sample, this residue weight is called muscle shatter index (FI).FI can reflect Meat Tenderness, and FI value is less, shows that muscle is more delicate.
1.3.7 the mensuration of muscle drip loss
Sample thief is weighed, and weight is W
1, then sample is placed in sealing polybag, in 4 DEG C of refrigerators, place 24h, wipe meat surface moisture after taking-up with filter paper, then carry out second time and weigh, weight is W
2.Calculate with following formula: muscle drip loss (%)=(W
1-W
2)/W
1× 100%.
1.3.8 Contents of Amino Acids
Measure according to GB/T5009.124-2003 " in food amino acid whose mensuration " standard
2 data statistics
Test the independent samples t test process statistics of all data acquisition SPSS12.0 (SPSSInc., USA) statistical softwares.
3 result of the tests
3.1 nutritional labelings improving chicken muscle
Result is as shown in table 6, and broiler chicken is by the cholesterol level of probiotics A group muscle and crude fat content significantly lower than control group, and crude protein content is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05).Broiler chicken by the cholesterol level of probiotics B group and crude fat content lower than control group, but with control group without significant difference (P > 0.05); Crude protein content is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), with broiler chicken by probiotics A group without significant difference (P > 0.05).Illustrate that probiotics of the present invention of feeding effectively can improve the nutritional labeling of meat quality of table poultry.
Table 6 broiler chicken probiotics is on the impact of nutritive composition in muscle
Note: the different letter of colleague's mark is significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in table 7, broiler chicken with the total amino acid content of probiotics A group higher than control group, the total amount of essential amino acid is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), and wherein valine, methionine, phenylalanine, cystine, tyrosine, proline content are significantly higher than control group (P<0.05).Broiler chicken probiotics B group also has the improvement effect similar with A group, and total amino acid content and TEAA are all higher than control group, and wherein TEAA is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); Several amino acids content shows the trend higher than control group, and wherein the content of methionine, valine, cystine and tyrosine is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05).The increase of valine content, can make alanine in blood plasma raise, and improve animal body immunity function; The increase of methionine content, can improve immunity of organisms, reduce Dietary Crude Protein matter level, improve production performance simultaneously in certain degree; The rising of lysine, can improve gastric secretion effect, play improve a poor appetite, the effect of growth promoting effects and growth, improve absorption and the accumulation in vivo thereof of calcium, accelerate bone growth.
Table 7 broiler chicken probiotics is on the impact of Amino Acid Contents of Muscle
Note: the different letter of colleague's mark is significant difference (P<0.05).
3.2 improve chicken muscle tenderness and be outlet capacity
Result as shown in Table 8 and 9, respectively organizes the pH value of muscle, moisture and yellowish pink difference not remarkable; For the tenderness of chest muscle, broiler chicken probiotics A group and the chicken chest muscle tenderness of probiotics B group are significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); Broiler chicken with the drip loss of probiotics A group and B group chest muscle significantly lower than control group (P<0.05), illustrating that broiler chicken probiotics A group and B group have is outlet capacity preferably.In addition, use probiotics also to show certain improvement result to chicken pH value, moisture and yellowish pink, but with contrast group difference remarkable (P > 0.05).In sum, broiler chicken probiotics of the present invention of feeding effectively can improve the quality of chicken.
Table 8 broiler chicken probiotics is on the impact of the pH of muscle, moisture and drip loss
| Process | PH value | Moisture (%) | Drip loss (%) |
| Control group | 6.34±0.05 a | 74.02±0.88 a | 2.47±0.48 a |
| Broiler chicken probiotics A group | 6.38±0.07 a | 74.12±0.39 a | 2.21±0.22 b |
| Broiler chicken probiotics B group | 6.39±0.09 a | 74.05±0.67 a | 2.33±0.42 b |
Note: the different letter of same column mark is significant difference (P<0.05).
Table 9 broiler chicken probiotics is on chest muscle tenderness and yellowish pink impact
| Process | Tenderness (g/100g) | Yellowish pink |
| Control group | 17.45±0.05 b | 1.11±0.14 a |
| Broiler chicken probiotics A group | 18.89±0.14 a | 1.19±0.16 a |
| Broiler chicken probiotics B group | 18.80±0.21 a | 1.17±0.07 a |
Note: the different letter of same column mark is significant difference (P<0.05).
3.3 improve thoracic muscle elasticity
As shown in table 10, broiler chicken with the chicken wings of probiotics A group and the elasticity of chicken leg muscle and control group difference not significantly (P>0.05), for the elasticity of pigeon breast, the elasticity of broiler chicken probiotics A group pigeon breast is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), illustrates that broiler chicken probiotics of the present invention of feeding effectively can improve the elasticity of pigeon breast meat.
Table 10 broiler chicken probiotics is on the flexible impact of chicken
| Chicken wings | Chicken leg | Pigeon breast | |
| Control group | 1.65±0.07 | 1.81±0.06 | 2.03±0.04 |
| Broiler chicken probiotics A group | 1.71±0.24 | 2.43±0.24 | 2.77±0.08* |
Note: mark " * " in table and represent significant difference (P<0.05).
3.4 impacts on chicken viscosity
As shown in table 11, the viscosity of the broiler chicken chicken wings of probiotics A group, chicken leg and pigeon breast muscle and control group difference are not significantly (P>0.05).
Table 11 broiler chicken probiotics is on the impact of chicken viscosity
| Chicken wings | Chicken leg | Pigeon breast | |
| Control group | 0.27±0.02 | 0.24±0.49 | 0.23±0.49 |
| Broiler chicken probiotics A group | 0.38±0.03 | 0.18±0.01 | 0.28±0.06 |
3.5 impacts on chicken cohesion
As shown in table 12, the cohesion of the broiler chicken chicken wings of probiotics A group, chicken leg and pigeon breast muscle and control group difference are not significantly (P>0.05).
Table 12 broiler chicken probiotics is on the impact of chicken cohesion
| Chicken wings | Chicken leg | Pigeon breast | |
| Control group | 0.45±0.03 | 0.58±0.02 | 0.57±0.04 |
| Broiler chicken probiotics A group | 0.45±0.03 | 0.58±0.05 | 0.59±0.02 |
3.6 chewiness improving chicken leg and pigeon breast muscle
As shown in table 13, broiler chicken with the chewiness of the chicken wings muscle of probiotics A group and control group difference not significantly (P>0.05), the chewiness of the chicken leg of broiler chicken probiotics A group and the chewiness of pigeon breast muscle is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05).Illustrate that broiler chicken probiotics of the present invention of feeding effectively can improve the chewiness of chicken leg and pigeon breast meat.
Table 13 broiler chicken probiotics is on the impact of chicken chewiness
| Chicken wings | Chicken leg | Pigeon breast | |
| Control group | 2.45±0.32 | 1.76±0.47 | 2.61±0.36 |
| Broiler chicken probiotics A group | 2.68±0.31 | 4.02±0.97* | 5.58±0.39* |
Note: mark " * " significant difference (P<0.05) in table.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is improved the method for meat chicken production performance, comprise and obtain the step of production performance higher than the broiler chicken with the common Diet of broiler chicken with the daily ration of broiler feeding dorking containing probiotics, the active component of described probiotics is the culture obtained with fermentation medium cultivation composite bacteria agent capable; The active component of described composite bacteria agent capable is made up of bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus plantarum; The described daily ration of broiler containing probiotics be add in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken be the common daily ration quality of described broiler chicken 0.015%-0.05% described in the feed that obtains of probiotics, not containing described probiotics in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bacillus subtilis is bacillus subtilis RJGP16, described saccharomyces cerevisiae is saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC1562 and described Lactobacillus plantarum is Lactobacillus plantarum CICC22696.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in the active component of described composite bacteria agent capable, and the colony forming unit number of described bacillus subtilis, described saccharomyces cerevisiae and described Lactobacillus plantarum is than being 1:1-3:1.
4. the method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: the thalline content of described probiotics is 5 × 10
8-8 × 10
9cfu/g.
5. the method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, is characterized in that: described production performance is following 1)-6) in whole or five kinds or four kinds or three kinds or two kinds or a kind of:
1) rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house;
2) meat feed ratio;
3) apparent digestibility of protein;
4) apparent digestibility of calcium;
5) apparent digestibility of phosphorus;
6) body weight.
6., according to described method arbitrary in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: often liter of described fermentation medium is prepared as follows: 10g carbon source, 10g nitrogenous source, 1.5gKH
2pO
4, 0.80gMnSO
4, 1.00gMgSO
4, 1.0gNaCl, be settled to l000mL with water, pH value 6.0-7.0; Described carbon source is glucose or sucrose; Described nitrogenous source is peptone or dusty yeast.
7., according to described method arbitrary in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: described composite bacteria agent capable be by the liquid spawn of the liquid spawn of described bacillus subtilis, described saccharomyces cerevisiae and the liquid spawn of described Lactobacillus plantarum according to the colony forming unit number of 1:1-3:1 than the mixture be mixed to get; And/or,
The liquid spawn of described bacillus subtilis is the culture cultivated 18-24h with described fermentation medium obtain at 30-32 DEG C;
The liquid spawn of described saccharomyces cerevisiae is the culture cultivated 32-40h with described fermentation medium obtain at 28-30 DEG C;
The liquid spawn of described Lactobacillus plantarum is the culture cultivated 46-54h with described fermentation medium obtain at 35-37 DEG C.
8. according to described method arbitrary in claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: the condition of culture that described fermentation medium cultivates composite bacteria agent capable employing is: cultivation temperature 34-36 DEG C, incubation time 42-48 hour, the inoculum concentration of described composite bacteria agent capable is 6% (volume ratio).
9. according to described method arbitrary in claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: the described daily ration of broiler containing probiotics is a) or b) or c):
A) add in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken be the common daily ration quality of described broiler chicken 0.02% described in the feed that obtains of probiotics;
B) add in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken be the common daily ration quality of described broiler chicken 0.025% described in the feed that obtains of probiotics;
C) add in the common daily ration of described broiler chicken be the common daily ration quality of described broiler chicken 0.02%-0.025% described in the feed that obtains of probiotics.
10. improving the daily ration of meat chicken production performance, is arbitrary described daily ration of broiler containing probiotics in claim 1-9.
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| AD01 | Patent right deemed abandoned |