CN105143424A - 配制剂、其作为或用于制备器皿洗涤清净剂的用途及其制备 - Google Patents
配制剂、其作为或用于制备器皿洗涤清净剂的用途及其制备 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105143424A CN105143424A CN201380075863.9A CN201380075863A CN105143424A CN 105143424 A CN105143424 A CN 105143424A CN 201380075863 A CN201380075863 A CN 201380075863A CN 105143424 A CN105143424 A CN 105143424A
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- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NBRKLOOSMBRFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)Cl NBRKLOOSMBRFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095068 tetradecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950003937 tolonium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HNONEKILPDHFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tolonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=C(C)C(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 HNONEKILPDHFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001479 tosylchloramide sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethanolammonium Chemical compound OCC[NH+](CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0073—Anticorrosion compositions
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
- C11D11/0088—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads the liquefied ingredients being sprayed or adsorbed onto solid particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/02—Preparation in the form of powder by spray drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C11D3/33—Amino carboxylic acids
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3707—Polyethers, e.g. polyalkyleneoxides
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
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- C11D3/3723—Polyamines or polyalkyleneimines
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- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
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Abstract
本发明涉及配制剂,其包含:(A)至少一种氨基羧酸化物,其选自甲基甘氨酸二乙酸化物(MGDA)、亚氨基二琥珀酸(IDA)和谷氨酸二乙酸化物(GLDA)及其盐,和(B)至少一种烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物,其具有500至低于800g/mol的平均分子量Mw,具有至少5meq/g的正电荷密度,且具有基于整个烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物为2至至多80重量%的氧化烯侧链。
Description
本发明涉及配制剂,其包含:
(A)至少一种氨基羧酸化物(aminocarboxylate),其选自甲基甘氨酸二乙酸化物(methylglycinediacetate)(MGDA)、亚氨基二琥珀酸(IDA)和谷氨酸二乙酸化物(glutamicaciddiacetate)(GLDA)及其盐,和
(B)至少一种烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物,其具有500至低于800g/mol的平均分子量Mw,具有至少5meq/g的正电荷密度,且具有基于整个烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物为2至至多80重量%的氧化烯侧链。
此外,本发明涉及制备本发明配制剂的方法及其作为或用于制备器皿洗涤清净剂,特别是用于机器器皿洗涤的器皿洗涤清净剂的用途。
器皿洗涤清净剂必须满足许多要求。例如,它们必须彻底地清洁器皿,它们应在非水中不具有任何有害或潜在有害的物质,它们应允许水自器皿排出和干燥,且它们在器皿洗涤机操作期间应不导致任何问题。最后,它们不对待清洗的制品造成美观上不希望的结果。就此而言,特别提到玻璃腐蚀。
玻璃腐蚀的发生不仅是由于机械作用,例如由于玻璃制品一起摩擦或玻璃制品与器皿洗涤机的零件之间的机械接触,而且主要是由化学影响造成的。例如,某些离子可由于重复的机器洗涤从玻璃中溶出,这不利地改变光学以及因此美学性能。
在玻璃腐蚀中,观察到多种影响。首先,可观察到微细裂纹的形成,所述微细裂纹在呈线形式时变得显著。其次,在许多情况下,可观察到一般起雾,例如粗化,这使得所述玻璃的外观显现出无吸引力。这类影响总体又分为闪光变色、划痕形成以及片状和环状起雾。
WO2006/108857公开了烷氧基化聚乙烯亚胺作为洗涤剂的添加剂。作为实例,公开了包含沸石或聚氨基羧酸盐如EDTA或三亚乙基二胺五乙酸盐作为络合剂的洗涤剂。
WO01/96516提出用于清洁硬表面的包含烷氧基化聚乙烯亚胺的配制剂。净化水用于冲洗。
WO2010/020765公开了包含聚乙烯亚胺的器皿洗涤清净剂。这类器皿洗涤清净剂可包含磷酸盐或不含磷酸盐。玻璃腐蚀的良好抑制归因于它们。不建议使用含锌和铋的器皿洗涤清净剂。然而,在许多情况下仍不能适当地延缓或防止玻璃腐蚀,特别是线腐蚀和起雾。
因此,目的是提供适用作或用于制备器皿洗涤清净剂且避免已由现有技术已知的缺点并抑制或至少特别有效地减小玻璃腐蚀的配制剂。目的还有提供制备适用作或用于制备器皿洗涤清净剂且避免由现有技术已知的缺点的配制剂的方法。目的还有提供配制剂的用途。
因此,发现了开头定义的配制剂,其也简称为本发明配制剂。
本发明配制剂不含重金属。在本发明上下文中,这应当理解意指本发明配制剂不含不充当漂白催化剂的那些重金属化合物,特别是铁和铋的化合物。关于重金属化合物,在本发明上下文中,“不含”应当理解意指不充当漂白催化剂的重金属化合物的含量通过Leach方法测定并基于固体含量为总计0-100ppm。优选,本发明配制剂具有基于所述配制剂的固体含量为0.05ppm以下的重金属含量。
在本发明上下文中,“贵金属”为具有至少6g/cm3的比密度的所有金属。特别地,重金属为贵金属以及锌、铋、铁、铜、铅、锡、镍、镉和铬。
优选,本发明配制剂不包含可测量含量的锌和铋化合物,即例如小于1ppm。
本发明配制剂包含:
(A)至少一种氨基羧酸化物,其选自甲基甘氨酸二乙酸化物(MGDA)、亚氨基二琥珀酸(IDA)和谷氨酸二乙酸化物(GLDA)及其盐,在本发明上下文中也简称为氨基羧酸化物(A)或者化合物(A),优选其盐。
优选,化合物(A)选择作为游离酸,特别优选为部分或完全中和的形式,即作为盐。合适的抗衡离子为例如无机阳离子,例如铵、碱金属或碱土金属,优选Mg2+、Ca2+、Na+、K+,或者有机阳离子,优选被一个或多个有机基团取代的铵,特别是三乙醇铵、N,N-二乙醇铵、N-单-C1-C4烷基二乙醇铵,例如N-甲基二乙醇铵或N-正丁基二乙醇铵和N,N-二-C1-C4烷基乙醇铵。
非常特别优选的化合物(A)为甲基甘氨酸二乙酸化物(MGDA)、亚氨基二琥珀酸(IDA)和谷氨酸二乙酸化物(GLDA)的碱金属盐,特别是钠盐。
非常特别优选,甲基甘氨酸二乙酸化物(MGDA)、亚氨基二琥珀酸(IDA)或谷氨酸二乙酸化物(GLDA)为完全中和的。
此外,本发明配制剂包含:
(B)至少一种烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物,其具有500至低于800g/mol,优选550-750g/mol的平均分子量Mw,具有至少5meq/g的正电荷密度且具有基于整个烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物为2至至多80重量%,优选5-60重量%的氧化烯侧链。
在本发明上下文中,这类改性亚烷基亚胺聚合物也简称为改性聚亚烷基亚胺(B)。
在本发明上下文中,亚烷基亚胺聚合物应当理解意指通过一种或多种环状亚胺均聚或共聚,或者通过将(共)聚合物与至少一种环状亚胺接枝而得到的那些聚合物材料。实例为聚亚烷基多胺和与乙烯亚胺接枝的聚酰胺胺。
在本发明上下文中,聚亚烷基多胺优选应当理解意指包含至少6个氮原子和至少5个C2-C10亚烷基单元,优选C2-C3亚烷基单元每分子的那些聚合物,例如五亚乙基六胺,以及特别是聚乙烯亚胺。
通过光散射确定,亚烷基亚胺聚合物,特别是聚乙烯亚胺可例如具有至少300g/mol的平均分子量(Mw);优选聚乙烯亚胺的平均分子量为350-750,特别优选400-500g/mol。
聚亚烷基多胺可作为亚烷基亚胺聚合物以部分季铵化(烷基化)形式共价改性。合适的季铵化剂(烷基化剂)为例如烷基卤,特别是C1-C10烷基氯,例如甲基氯、甲基溴、甲基碘、乙基氯、乙基溴、正丁基氯、叔丁基氯、正己基氯,还有表氯醇,硫酸二甲酯、硫酸二乙酯和苄基氯。如果作为亚烷基亚胺聚合物的季铵化(烷基化)聚亚烷基多胺为共价改性的,则季铵化(烷基化)度基于亚烷基亚胺聚合物中的可季铵化(可烷基化)N原子优选为1至25,特别优选至20摩尔%。
此外,与乙烯亚胺接枝的聚酰胺胺适用作亚烷基亚胺聚合物。合适的聚酰胺胺可例如通过使C4-C10二羧酸与分子中优选包含3-10个碱性氮原子的聚亚烷基多胺反应而得到。合适的二羧酸为例如合适、马来酸、己二酸、戊二酸、辛二酸、癸二酸或对苯二甲酸。也可使用上述二羧酸的混合物,例如己二酸和戊二酸的混合物或者马来酸和己二酸的混合物。优选使用己二酸制备聚酰胺胺。与上述二羧酸缩合的合适聚亚烷基多胺为例如二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺、二亚丙基三胺、三亚丙基四胺、二-六亚甲基三胺、氨基丙基乙二胺和双-氨基丙基乙二胺。上述聚亚烷基多胺也可以以混合物的形式用于制备聚酰胺胺。聚酰胺胺的制备优选不经稀释而进行,但也可任选在惰性溶剂中进行。二羧酸与聚亚烷基多胺的缩合在升高的温度,例如120-220℃下进行。将反应期间形成的水从反应混合物中蒸馏掉。缩合可任选在具有4-8个碳原子的羧酸的内酯或内酰胺的存在下进行。一般而言,每摩尔二羧酸,使用0.8-1.4摩尔聚亚烷基多胺。这样可得到的聚酰胺胺具有伯和仲NH基团并且可溶于水中。
与乙烯亚胺接枝的聚酰胺胺可通过使乙烯亚胺在酸或路易斯酸如硫酸、磷酸或三氟化硼醚化物的存在下作用于上述聚酰胺胺而制备。因此,乙烯亚胺接枝在所述聚酰胺胺上。例如聚酰胺胺中的每个碱性氮原子,可接枝1-10个乙烯亚胺单元,即每100重量份聚酰胺胺,使用约10-500重量份乙烯亚胺。
优选的亚烷基亚胺聚合物为聚乙烯亚胺。
在本发明上下文中,亚烷基亚胺聚合物以共价改性形式使用,具体而言,使得它具有基于整个烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物(B)为2-80重量%,优选5-60重量%的氧化烯侧链。对于烷氧基化,可使用环氧化物,例如氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯、1,2-氧化丁烯、2,3-氧化丁烯、氧化苯乙烯或表氯醇。优选的烷氧基化试剂为氧化乙烯和氧化丙烯,以及氧化丙烯和氧化丙烯的混合物。
在一个实施方案,在烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物(B)中,亚烷基亚胺聚合物的伯和仲氨基的5-60摩尔%氮原子为烷氧基化的。
在本发明一个实施方案,改性亚烷基亚胺(B)选自与氧化乙烯或氧化丙烯反应的聚乙烯亚胺。
改性聚亚烷基亚胺(B)可具有有机或者优选无机的高分子量或低分子量阴离子作为抗衡离子。在本发明上下文中,高分子量阴离子具有200g/mol或更大,例如达2500g/mol的平均分子量,低分子量阴离子具有小于200g/mol,例如17-150g/mol的分子量。低分子量有机抗衡离子为乙酸根、丙酸根和苯甲酸根。低分子量无机抗衡离子的实例为硫酸根、氯、溴、氢氧根、碳酸根、甲烷磺酸根和碳酸氢根。
在本发明一个实施方案,改性聚亚烷基亚胺(B)具有至少5meq/g至至多25meq/g(毫当量/g),优选至22meq/g的阳离子电荷密度,以g表示的数据涉及改性聚亚烷基亚胺(B)而不考虑抗衡离子。阳离子电荷密度可例如通过滴定,例如用聚硫酸乙烯酯溶液滴定而确定。
在本发明一个实施方案,改性聚亚烷基亚胺(B)具有1.1-10,优选1.5-5的分子量分布Mw/Mn。
在本发明一个实施方案,本发明配制剂包含:
总计1-50重量%,优选10-25重量%的氨基羧酸化物(A),
总计0.001-5重量%,优选0.02-0.5重量%的改性聚亚烷基亚胺(B),
每种情况下基于所述配制剂的固体含量。
在本发明一个变化方案中,本发明配制剂包含重量比为1000:1-25:1的化合物(A)和改性聚亚烷基亚胺(B)。
在本发明一个优选实施方案中,本发明配制剂不含磷酸盐和聚磷酸盐,其中还包括磷酸氢盐,例如不含磷酸三钠、三聚磷酸五钠和偏磷酸六钠。在本发明上下文中,就磷酸盐和聚磷酸盐而言,“不含”应当理解意指磷酸盐和聚磷酸盐的含量由重量分析测定总计为10ppm至0.2重量%。
本发明配制剂可包含例如在洗涤器皿和/或厨房用具时有利地使用的其它组分。
在本发明另一实施方案中,本发明配制剂不包含在洗涤器皿和/或厨房用具时有利地使用的其它组分,但可容易地用其它组分配制,因此适用作原料。
在本发明一个实施方案,本发明配制剂包含柠檬酸钠(C)。就这点而言,柠檬酸钠包括单钠盐以及优选二钠盐。柠檬酸钠可作为无水盐或者作为水合物,例如作为二水合物使用。
在本发明一个实施方案,本发明配制剂包含:
(D)至少一种选自碱金属过碳酸盐、碱金属过硼酸盐和碱金属过硫酸盐的化合物,其在本发明上下文中也称为“漂白剂(D)”。
优选的漂白剂(D)选自过硼酸钠,其为无水的或者例如作为一水合物或作为四水合物或所谓的二水合物,过碳酸钠,其为无水的或者例如作为一水合物,以及过硫酸钠,术语“过硫酸盐”每种情况下包括过酸H2SO5的盐和过二硫酸盐。
就这点而言,碱金属盐每种情况下也可以为碱金属碳酸氢盐、碱金属过硼酸氢盐和碱金属过硫酸氢盐。然而,每种情况下优选二碱金属盐。
在本发明一个实施方案,本发明配制剂包含作为无水柠檬酸钠测定为0-50重量%柠檬酸钠(C),优选1-30重量%,特别优选至少5重量%柠檬酸钠(C),总计0-15重量%漂白剂(D),优选至少0.5重量%漂白剂(D),所述漂白剂选自碱金属过碳酸盐、碱金属过硼酸盐和碱金属过硫酸盐,每种情况下基于所述配制剂的固体含量。
在本发明一个实施方案,本发明配制剂在室温下为固体,例如粉末或片剂。在本发明另一实施方案中,本发明配制剂在室温下为液体。在本发明一个实施方案,本发明配制剂为颗粒、液体制剂或凝胶。
在本发明一个实施方案,本发明配制剂包含基于所述配制剂的所有固体的和为0.1-10重量%的水。
在本发明一个实施方案,本发明配制剂可具有其它成分(E),例如一种或多种表面活性剂、一种或多种酶,一种或多种助洗剂,特别是无磷助洗剂,一种或多种辅助助洗剂(cobuilder),一种或多种碱载体,一种或多种漂白剂,一种或多种漂白催化剂,一种或多种漂白活化剂,一种或多种漂白稳定剂,一种或多种消泡剂,一种或多种腐蚀抑制剂,一种或多种助洗剂物质,缓冲剂,染料,一种或多种芳香剂,一种或多种有机溶剂,一种或多种压片助剂,一种或多种崩解剂,一种或多种增稠剂,或者一种或多种助溶剂。
表面活性剂的实例特别是非离子表面活性剂以及阴离子或两性离子表面活性剂与非离子表面活性剂的混合物。优选的非离子表面活性剂为烷氧基化醇和烷氧基化脂肪醇,氧化乙烯和氧化丙烯的二-和多嵌段共聚物,以及脱水山梨糖醇与氧化乙烯或氧化丙烯的反应产物,烷基苷和所谓的氧化胺。
烷氧基化醇和烷氧基化脂肪醇的优选实例例如为通式(I)的化合物:
其中变量如下所定义:
R1为相同或不同的且选自线性C1-C10烷基,优选每种情况下为相同的且为乙基以及特别优选甲基,
R2选自C8-C22烷基,例如n-C8H17、n-C10H21、n-C12H25、n-C14H29、n-C16H33或n-C18H37,
R3选自C1-C10烷基,甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、仲戊基、新戊基、1,2-二甲基丙基、异戊基、正己基、异己基、仲己基、正庚基、正辛基、2-乙基己基、正壬基、正癸基或异癸基,
m和n为0-300,其中n和m的总和至少为1。优选m为1-100且n为0-30。
在此,通式(I)的化合物可为嵌段共聚物或无规共聚物,优选嵌段共聚物。
烷氧基化醇和烷氧基化脂肪醇的其它优选实例例如为通式(II)的化合物:
其中变量如下所定义:
R1为相同或不同且选自线性C1-C4烷基,优选在每种情况下为相同的且为乙基以及特别优选甲基,
R4选自C6-C20烷基,特别是n-C8H17、n-C10H21、n-C12H25、n-C14H29、n-C16H33、n-C18H37,
a为1-6的数,
b为4-20的数,
d为4-25的数。
在此,通式(II)的化合物可为嵌段共聚物或无规共聚物,优选嵌段共聚物。
其它合适的非离子表面活性剂选自包含氧化乙烯和氧化丙烯的二-和多嵌段共聚物。其它合适的非离子表面活性剂选自乙氧基化或丙氧基化的脱水山梨糖醇酯。氧化胺或烷基糖苷同样合适。其它合适的非离子表面活性剂的综述可在EP-A0851023和DE-A19819187中找到。
也可存在两种或更多种不同的非离子表面活性剂的混合物。
阴离子表面活性剂的实例为C8-C20烷基硫酸盐、C8-C20烷基磺酸盐和C8-C20烷基醚硫酸盐,其每分子具有1-6个氧化乙烯单元。
在本发明一个实施方案中,本发明配制剂可包含3-20重量%的表面活性剂。
本发明配制剂可包含一种或多种酶。酶的实例为脂肪酶、水解酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶、纤维素酶、酯酶、果胶酶、乳糖酶和过氧化物酶。
本发明配制剂可包含例如至多5重量%,优选0.1-3重量%的酶,每种情况下基于本发明配制剂的总固体含量。
除柠檬酸钠(C)外,本发明配制剂可包含一种或多种助洗剂,特别是无磷酸盐助洗剂。合适助洗剂的实例为硅酸盐,特别是二硅酸钠和偏硅酸钠,沸石,片状硅酸盐,特别是式α-Na2Si2O5、β-Na2Si2O5和δ-Na2Si2O5的那些,以及脂肪酸磺酸盐,α-羟基丙酸,碱金属丙二酸盐,脂肪酸磺酸盐,烷基和烯基二琥珀酸盐,酒石酸二乙酸盐,酒石酸单乙酸盐,氧化淀粉和聚合物助洗剂,例如聚羧酸盐和聚天冬氨酸。
在本发明一个实施方案中,助洗剂选自聚羧酸盐,例如(甲基)丙烯酸均聚物或(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物的碱金属盐。
合适的共聚单体为单烯属不饱和二羧酸如马来酸、富马酸、马来酸酐、衣康酸和柠康酸。合适的聚合物特别是聚丙烯酸,其优选具有2000-40000g/mol,优选2000-10000g/mol,特别是3000-8000g/mol的平均分子量Mw。合适的还有共聚聚羧酸盐,特别是丙烯酸与甲基丙烯酸的那些,以及丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸与马来酸和/或富马酸的那些。
还可使用至少一种选自单烯属不饱和C3-C10单-或C4-C10二羧酸或其酸酐如马来酸、马来酸酐、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、富马酸、衣康酸和柠康酸的单体与至少一种如下所列亲水或疏水改性单体的共聚物。
合适的疏水单体例如为异丁烯、二异丁烯、丁烯、戊烯、己烯和苯乙烯,具有10个或更多个碳原子的烯烃或其混合物,如1-癸烯、1-十二碳烯、1-十四碳烯、1-十六碳烯、1-十八碳烯、1-二十碳烯、1-二十二碳烯、1-二十四碳烯和1-二十六碳烯,C22α-烯烃,C20-C24α-烯烃和具有平均12-100个碳原子的聚异丁烯的混合物。
合适的亲水单体为具有磺酸根或膦酸根基团的单体,以及具有羟基官能团或氧化烯基团的非离子单体。作为实例,可提到:烯丙醇、异戊二烯醇、甲氧基聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、甲氧基聚丙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、甲氧基聚丁二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、甲氧基聚(氧化丙烯-共聚-氧化乙烯)(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙氧基聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙氧基聚丙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙氧基聚丁二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯和乙氧基聚(氧化丙烯-共聚-氧化乙烯)(甲基)丙烯酸酯。在此,聚亚烷基二醇可包含3-50个,特别是5-40个,尤其是10-30个氧化烯单元每分子。
在此,特别优选的含磺酸基单体为1-丙烯酰胺基-1-丙烷磺酸、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-丙烷磺酸、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸、2-甲基丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸、3-甲基丙烯酰胺基-2-羟基丙烷磺酸、烯丙基磺酸、甲基烯丙基磺酸、烯丙氧基苯磺酸、甲基烯丙氧基苯磺酸、2-羟基-3-(2-丙烯氧基)丙烷磺酸、2-甲基-2-丙烯-1-磺酸、苯乙烯磺酸、乙烯基磺酸、丙烯酸3-磺基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-磺基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸3-磺基丙酯、磺基甲基丙烯酰胺、磺基甲基甲基丙烯酰胺,以及所述酸的盐,例如其钠、钾或铵盐。
特别优选的含膦酸根基团的单体为乙烯基膦酸及其盐。
此外,两亲性聚合物也可用作助洗剂。
本发明配制剂可包含例如总计10-50重量%,优选至多20重量%助洗剂。
在本发明一个实施方案,本发明配制剂可包含一种或多种辅助助洗剂。
辅助助洗剂的实例为膦酸盐,例如羟基链烷膦酸盐和氨基链烷膦酸盐。在羟基链烷膦酸盐中,1-羟基乙烷-1,1-二膦酸盐(HEDP)作为辅助助洗剂特别重要。它优选作为钠盐使用,其中二钠盐赋予中性反应,四钠盐赋予碱性反应(pH9)。合适的氨基链烷膦酸盐优选为乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸盐(EDTMP)、二亚乙基三胺五亚甲基膦酸盐(DTPMP)及其较高级同系物。它们优选以中性反应的钠盐形式使用,例如作为EDTMP的六钠盐或作为DTPMP的七和八钠盐使用。
本发明配制剂可包含一种或多种碱载体。如果需要碱性pH,则碱载体确保例如至少为9的pH。合适的例如有碱金属碳酸盐、碱金属碳酸氢盐、碱金属氢氧化物和碱金属偏硅酸盐。优选的碱金属在每种情况下为钾,特别优选钠。
除漂白剂(D)外,本发明配制剂可包含一种或多种含氯漂白剂。
合适的含氯漂白剂例如为1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲、N-氯磺酰胺、氯胺T、氯胺B、次氯酸钠、次氯酸钙、次氯酸镁、次氯酸钾、二氯异氰脲酸钾和二氯异氰脲酸钠。
本发明配制剂可包含例如3-10重量%含氯漂白剂。
本发明配制剂可包含一种或多种漂白催化剂。漂白催化剂可选自增强漂白的过渡金属盐或过渡金属配合物,如锰-、铁-、钴-、钌-或钼-水杨醛乙二胺配体(salen)配合物或羰基配合物。具有含氮三脚(tripod)配体的锰、铁、钴、钌、钼、钛、钒和铜配合物,以及钴-、铁-、铜-和钌-胺配合物也可用作漂白催化剂。
本发明配制剂可包含一种或多种漂白活化剂,例如N-甲基吗啉-乙腈盐(“MMA盐”),三甲基铵乙腈盐,N-酰基酰亚胺如N-壬酰基琥珀酰亚胺,1,5-二乙酰基-2,2-二氧代六氢-1,3,5-三嗪(“DADHT”)或腈季盐(三甲基铵乙腈盐)。
合适漂白活化剂的其它实例为四乙酰基乙二胺(TAED)和四乙酰基己二胺。
本发明配制剂可包含一种或多种腐蚀抑制剂。在本发明情况下,这应当理解包括抑制金属腐蚀的那些化合物。合适腐蚀抑制剂的实例为三唑类,特别是苯并三唑类、双苯并三唑类、氨基三唑类、烷基氨基三唑类,还有苯酚衍生物如氢醌、焦儿茶酚、羟基氢醌、没食子酸、间苯三酚或焦棓酚。
在本发明一个实施方案,本发明配制剂包含总计0.1-1.5重量%腐蚀抑制剂。
本发明配制剂可包含一种或多种助洗剂物质,例如硫酸钠。
本发明配制剂可包含一种或多种消泡剂,例如选自硅油和石蜡油。
在本发明一个实施方案中,本发明配制剂包含总计0.05-0.5重量%的消泡剂。
本发明配制剂可包含膦酸或者一种或多种膦酸衍生物,例如羟基乙烷-1,1-二膦酸。
本发明进一步提供本发明配制剂在机器清洁器皿和厨房用具中的用途。在本发明范围内,可提到的厨房用具例如为罐、平底锅、砂锅,还有金属制成的制品如撇渣器、分鱼刀和榨蒜器。
优选本发明配制剂在机器清洁具有至少一个可经装饰或未经装饰的玻璃表面的制品中的用途。就此而言,在本发明上下文中,玻璃制表面应当理解意指所述制品具有至少一个由玻璃制成的部分,其接触环境空气且在使用该制品时可受脏污。因此,所述制品可以为像饮用玻璃制品或玻璃碗一样基本由玻璃制成的那些。然而,它们还可例如为具有由另一材料制成的单个组件的盖子,例如具有金属制边缘和手柄的罐盖。
玻璃制表面可经装饰,例如着色或盖印,或可未经装饰。
术语“玻璃”包括任何所需类型的玻璃,例如铅玻璃,以及特别是钠钙玻璃、水晶玻璃和硼硅酸盐玻璃。
优选,机器清洁为使用器皿洗涤机洗涤(自动器皿洗涤)。
在本发明一个实施方案中,至少一种本发明配制剂用于饮用玻璃制品、玻璃花瓶和烹饪用玻璃容器的机器清洁。
在本发明一个实施方案中,为了清洁,使用硬度为1-30°德国硬度,优选2-25°德国硬度的水,其中德国硬度特别应当理解意指钙硬度。
另外,为了冲洗,也可使用硬度为1-30°德国硬度,优选2-25°德国硬度的水。
如果本发明配制剂用于机器清洁,则甚至在反复机器清洁具有至少一个玻璃制表面的制品的情况下,并且仅当将具有至少一个玻璃制表面的制品与重度污损的餐具或器皿一起清洁时,也仅观察到非常轻微的玻璃腐蚀倾向。此外,使用本发明配制剂将玻璃与金属制制品一起,例如与罐、平底锅或榨蒜器一起清洁显然是无害的。
此外,当用于洗涤器皿和厨房用具和玻璃表面时,可观察到本发明配制剂具有非常好的漂白效果。
本发明进一步提供制备本发明配制剂的方法,也简称为本发明制备方法。为进行本发明制备方法,程序可例如使得将:
(A)选自甲基甘氨酸二乙酸化物(MGDA)、亚氨基二琥珀酸(IDA)和谷氨酸二乙酸化物(GLDA)及其盐的氨基羧酸化物,和
(B)至少一种烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物,其具有500至低于800g/mol的平均分子量Mw,具有至少5meq/g的正电荷密度且具有基于整个烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物为2至至多80重量%的氧化烯侧链,
和任选
(C)柠檬酸钠或者
(D)至少一种选自碱金属过碳酸盐、碱金属过硼酸盐和碱金属过硫酸盐的化合物,
和任选其它组分(E)在一个或多个步骤中在水的存在下混合在一起,然后完全或部分地除去水。
化合物(A)、改性聚亚烷基亚胺(B)和漂白剂(D)为上文定义的。
在本发明一个实施方案,在至少部分地除去水以前与用于本发明配制剂的一种或多种其它成分(E)混合是可能的,例如与一种或多种表面活性剂、一种或多种酶、一种或多种助洗剂、一种或多种辅助助洗剂,特别是无磷助洗剂、一种或多种碱载体、一种或多种漂白剂、一种或多种漂白催化剂、一种或多种漂白活化剂、一种或多种漂白稳定剂、一种或多种消泡剂、一种或多种腐蚀抑制剂、一种或多种助洗剂物质,与缓冲剂或染料混合。
在一个实施方案,程序涉及通过将它蒸发,特别是通过喷雾干燥、喷雾制粒或压制而将水从本发明配制剂中完全或部分地除去至0.1-10重量%的残余水分。
在本发明一个实施方案,将水在0.3-2巴的压力下完全或部分地除去。
在本发明一个实施方案,将水在60-220℃的温度下完全或部分地除去。
通过本发明制备方法,可容易地得到本发明配制剂。
本发明清洁配制剂可以液体或固体形式、以单相或多相、作为片剂或以其它计量单元的形式、以包装或未包装的形式提供。液体配制剂的水含量可在35-90%水内变化。
本发明通过工作实施例阐述。
通用:确保在将测试片在家用器皿洗涤机中第一次清洁以后直到称重并目测检查玻璃以后,仅用清洁棉手套处理测试片使得不会歪曲测试片的重量和/或目测印痕。
除非另有明确指明,以%表示的数据为重量%。
I.本发明配制剂的制备
改性聚乙烯亚胺(B)的电荷密度总是如下测定(还参见:Horn,Prog.Colloid&Polym.Sci.1978,65,251):
将1g的所述改性聚乙烯亚胺(B)溶于100ml软化水中。使用缓冲溶液和含水HCl建立电位滴定测定为4.0的pH。加入3ml甲苯胺蓝水溶液(50mg/l水),并将浓度为0.0004meq/ml的N/400-KPVS(聚乙烯硫酸钾)溶液(Wako)滴定直至颜色由蓝色变成粉色。电荷密度如下计算:
LA=0.4·KV
LA:所述改性聚乙烯亚胺(B)的电荷密度,meq/g(毫当量/克)
KV:N/400-KPVS溶液的消耗量[ml]
I.1基础混合物的制备
首先,由根据表1的进料制备基础混合物。将进料干混合。
表1:用于本发明配制剂和对比配制剂的基础混合物
所有数据以g表示。
缩写:
MGDA:甲基甘氨酸二乙酸,作为三钠盐
TAED:N,N,N’,N’-四乙酰乙二胺
I.2本发明配制剂的制备
I.2.本发明配制剂2-8和对比配制剂V1的制备
使用根据表2的改性聚乙烯亚胺(B),其使用以下一般程序制备:
将根据表2第2和3栏的聚乙烯亚胺和基于聚乙烯亚胺0.7重量%的KOH团粒(水含量50重量%,余量KOH)引入2升高压釜中。将混合物在降低的压力(10毫巴)下加热至120℃并在120℃下搅拌2小时,在此期间除去水。然后将高压釜用氮气冲洗3次,然后以1巴的起始压力加热至140℃。然后,经2小时时间,加入根据表2第5栏的氧化乙烯或氧化丙烯。当添加完成时,将混合物在140℃下搅拌另外3小时。然后,将水或任选其它挥发性化合物在90℃下在降低的压力(10毫巴)下除去。这得到作为浅黄色蜡状固体的根据表的改性聚乙烯亚胺(B)。
表2:改性聚乙烯亚胺(B)
表2中的缩写:
AO:氧化烯
第2栏:MwPEI指用于烷氧基化的聚乙烯亚胺的分子量,即指未改性聚乙烯亚胺。
第3栏:PEI指未改性聚乙烯亚胺。
第7栏:摩尔分数指起始物质。
第8栏:整个所述烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物(B)中氧化烯的重量含量。
程序:
将20ml蒸馏水放入100ml烧杯中,并随着搅拌加入根据表2和3的改性聚乙烯亚胺(B)。
然后进行搅拌10分钟。然后根据表3加入溶于30ml水中的MGDA三钠盐(A.1)。这得到明显透明的溶液。然后加入根据表3的基础混合物,再次搅拌混合物,并将水蒸发。
如果在试验中相应含量的基础混合物与(A.1)、(B)、(C.1)或(D.1)的水溶液分开地计量加入,则得到与以相同量的活性成分测试干配制时相同的结果。
计量添加的顺序因此不是问题。
II.本发明配制剂和对比配制剂在机器清洁玻璃中的用途
通用:确保在将测试片在家用器皿洗涤机中第一次清洁以后直到称重并目测检查玻璃以后,仅用清洁棉手套处理测试片使得不会歪曲测试片的重量和/或目测印痕。
本发明配制剂和对比配制剂的测试如下进行。
II.1连续操作的器皿洗涤机的测试方法
器皿洗涤机:Mieleg1222SCL
程序:65℃(带预洗)
器皿:3个“GILDE”香槟杯(champagneglasses),3个“INTERMEZZO”白兰地杯(brandyglasses)
为了清洁,将玻璃制品置于器皿洗涤机的上部陶器篮中。所用器皿洗涤清净剂在每种情况下为根据表3的25g本发明配制剂或25g对比配制剂,其中表3在每种情况下独立说明了本发明配制剂的活性组分(A.1)、基础混合物、硅酸盐(C.1或C.2)以及化合物(D)和/或(E)和(B)。洗涤在65℃的清漂温度下进行。水硬度在每种情况下为0-2°德国硬度。洗涤在每种情况下进行100个洗涤循环,即程序保持运行100次。在100个洗涤循环之后进行重量分析及目测评估。
在开始第一次洗涤循环之前和在最后一次洗涤循环后的干燥之后测定玻璃制品的重量。重量损失为两个值的差。
除了重量分析评估外,在100个循环之后在穿孔板之后有光的暗室中使用1(非常差)到5(非常好)的评分等级对器皿进行目测评估。就此而言,在每种情况下测定片状腐蚀/起雾和/或线腐蚀的等级。
试验程序:
为了预处理,首先将测试片在家用器皿洗涤机(BoschSGS5602)中用1g表面活性剂(n-C18H37(OCH2CH2)10OH)和20g柠檬酸洗涤以除去任何污染物。将测试片干燥,测定其重量并将它们固定于筛网状基础插件上。
为了评估重量磨耗,称重干测试片。然后进行测试片的目测评估。为此,对测试片的表面评估线腐蚀(线纹)和起雾腐蚀(片状起雾)。
评估分解下列方案进行。
线腐蚀:
L5:没有可见线条
L4:在非常少的区域形成轻微线,细线腐蚀
L3:在一些区域有线腐蚀
L2:在大量区域有线腐蚀
L1:明显的线腐蚀
玻璃起雾:
L5:没有可见起雾
L4:在非常少的区域轻微起雾
L3:在一些区域起雾
L2:在大量区域起雾
L1:基本在整个玻璃表面上明显起雾
在检查的情况下,也允许中间等级(例如L3-4)。
如果代替水,使用硬度为2°德国硬度的水测试,则本发明配制剂同样总是在抑制玻璃腐蚀方面优于相应的对比配制剂。
II.3结果
结果总结于表3中。
Claims (15)
1.不含重金属的配制剂,其包含:
(A)至少一种氨基羧酸化物,其选自甲基甘氨酸二乙酸化物(MGDA)、亚氨基二琥珀酸(IDA)和谷氨酸二乙酸化物(GLDA)及其盐,
(B)至少一种烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物,其具有500至低于800g/mol的平均分子量Mw,具有至少5meq/g的正电荷密度,且具有基于整个烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物为2至至多80重量%的氧化烯侧链。
2.根据权利要求1的配制剂,其不含磷酸盐和聚磷酸盐。
3.根据权利要求1或2的配制剂,其中(B)选自与氧化乙烯或氧化丙烯反应的聚乙烯亚胺。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的配制剂,其具有基于所述配制剂的固体含量为0.05ppm以下的重金属含量。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的配制剂,其中亚烷基亚胺聚合物(B)选自其中亚烷基亚胺聚合物的至多30摩尔%氮原子与氧化丙烯反应的那些。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项的配制剂,其在室温下为固体。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项的配制剂,其包含0.1-10重量%水。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的配制剂,其中烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物(B)中氮原子与氧化烯基团的摩尔比为至多5。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任一项的配制剂,其包含:
总计1-50重量%氨基羧酸化物(A),
总计0.001-2重量%烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物(B),
每种情况下基于所述配制剂的固体含量。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项的配制剂在洗涤器皿和厨房用具中的用途,其中洗涤用硬度为2-25°德国硬度的水进行。
11.根据权利要求1-9中任一项的配制剂在洗涤具有至少一个玻璃制表面的制品中的用途,所述表面可以经装饰或未经装饰。
12.根据权利要求10或11的用途,其中洗涤为使用器皿洗涤机洗涤。
13.根据权利要求10-12中任一项的用途,其中将至少一种根据权利要求1-8中任一项的配制剂用于洗涤饮用玻璃制品、玻璃花瓶和烹饪用玻璃容器。
14.制备根据权利要求1-9中任一项的配制剂的方法,其中将:
(A)选自甲基甘氨酸二乙酸化物(MGDA)、亚氨基二琥珀酸(IDA)和谷氨酸二乙酸化物(GLDA)及其盐的氨基羧酸化物,和
(B)至少一种烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物,其具有500至低于800g/mol的平均分子量Mw,具有至少5meq/g的正电荷密度且具有基于整个烷氧基化亚烷基亚胺聚合物为2至至多80重量%的氧化烯侧链,
和任选其它组分在一个或多个步骤中在水的存在下相互混合,然后完全或部分地除去水。
15.根据权利要求14的方法,其中水通过喷雾干燥或喷雾制粒除去。
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EP3034596B2 (en) | 2014-12-17 | 2021-11-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent composition |
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