CN105142421A - 固体脂质纳米颗粒(i) - Google Patents
固体脂质纳米颗粒(i) Download PDFInfo
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- CN105142421A CN105142421A CN201480014143.6A CN201480014143A CN105142421A CN 105142421 A CN105142421 A CN 105142421A CN 201480014143 A CN201480014143 A CN 201480014143A CN 105142421 A CN105142421 A CN 105142421A
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- solid lipid
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- 239000002047 solid lipid nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 saponin compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020777 polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- YDNKGFDKKRUKPY-JHOUSYSJSA-N C16 ceramide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)C=CCCCCCCCCCCCCC YDNKGFDKKRUKPY-JHOUSYSJSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940106189 ceramide Drugs 0.000 description 6
- ZVEQCJWYRWKARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceramide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(=O)NC(CO)C(O)C=CCCC=C(C)CCCCCCCCC ZVEQCJWYRWKARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 6
- VVGIYYKRAMHVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N newbouldiamide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC VVGIYYKRAMHVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- PVNIQBQSYATKKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripalmitin Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PVNIQBQSYATKKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 5
- WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N phosphatidylcholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- LRYZPFWEZHSTHD-HEFFAWAOSA-O 2-[[(e,2s,3r)-2-formamido-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-enoxy]-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyethyl-trimethylazanium Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\[C@@H](O)[C@@H](NC=O)COP(O)(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C LRYZPFWEZHSTHD-HEFFAWAOSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JZNWSCPGTDBMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerophosphorylethanolamin Natural products NCCOP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO JZNWSCPGTDBMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CRJGESKKUOMBCT-VQTJNVASSA-N N-acetylsphinganine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)NC(C)=O CRJGESKKUOMBCT-VQTJNVASSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001219 Polysorbate 40 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N all-trans beta-carotene Natural products CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013734 beta-carotene Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N beta-carotene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=CCCCC2(C)C TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011648 beta-carotene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960002747 betacarotene Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 240000006509 Gynostemma pentaphyllum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002956 Gynostemma pentaphyllum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000003377 Shepherdia canadensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000018324 Shepherdia canadensis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940001447 lactate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960001947 tripalmitin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PORPENFLTBBHSG-MGBGTMOVSA-N 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PORPENFLTBBHSG-MGBGTMOVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCPCKNHXULUIY-RGULYWFUSA-N 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC TZCPCKNHXULUIY-RGULYWFUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CFWRDBDJAOHXSH-SECBINFHSA-N 2-azaniumylethyl [(2r)-2,3-diacetyloxypropyl] phosphate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H](OC(C)=O)COP(O)(=O)OCCN CFWRDBDJAOHXSH-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000001793 Citric acid esters of mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZWZWYGMENQVNFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerophosphorylserin Natural products OC(=O)C(N)COP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO ZWZWYGMENQVNFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010939 citric acid esters of mono- and di- glycerides of fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001177 diphosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004130 lipolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000008104 phosphatidylethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003905 phosphatidylinositols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229950004354 phosphorylcholine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- PYJNAPOPMIJKJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorylcholine chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCOP(O)(O)=O PYJNAPOPMIJKJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010483 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000249 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010989 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001818 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940101027 polysorbate 40 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940113124 polysorbate 60 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940068968 polysorbate 80 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001300 quillaia extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001540 sodium lactate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940005581 sodium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012064 sodium phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003724 sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010956 sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011178 triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- KHICUSAUSRBPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-octadecanoyloxypropanoyloxy)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C(=O)OC(C)C(O)=O KHICUSAUSRBPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001143500 Aceraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000157282 Aesculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005749 Anthriscus sylvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219321 Caryophyllaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001143502 Hippocastanaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208343 Panax Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002791 Panax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002789 Panax ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001092473 Quillaja Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000580938 Sapindus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000580955 Sapindus mukorossi Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003946 Saponaria officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004064 cosurfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182494 ginsenoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940089161 ginsenoside Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930187479 gypenoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- ZRBFCAALKKNCJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N gypenoside-XVII Natural products C1CC(C2(CCC3C(C)(C)C(OC4C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O4)O)CCC3(C)C2CC2O)C)(C)C2C1C(C)(CCC=C(C)C)OC(C(C(O)C1O)O)OC1COC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O ZRBFCAALKKNCJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010181 horse chestnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000003648 triterpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/0241—Containing particulates characterized by their shape and/or structure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/10—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing emulsifiers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
- A23P10/30—Encapsulation of particles, e.g. foodstuff additives
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- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/24—Phosphorous; Compounds thereof
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- A61K8/31—Hydrocarbons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/37—Esters of carboxylic acids
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- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
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- A61K2800/654—The particulate/core comprising macromolecular material
Abstract
本发明涉及新的(食品级)固体脂质纳米颗粒,以及所述固体脂质纳米颗粒的生产和它们的用途。
Description
本发明涉及新的(食品级)固体脂质纳米颗粒,以及所述固体脂质纳米颗粒的生产和它们的用途。
固体脂质纳米颗粒(solidlipidnanoparticle,SLN)例如被用作经口以及肠胃外(parental)亲脂性或两亲性活性成分递送的新途径。目前,用于所述递送的最常见方法是乳剂。
SLN因一些重要的优点而适合这样的用途,例如
(i)掺入(incorporation)亲脂性以及两亲性活性成分,和
(ii)无生物毒性,和
(iii)避免有机溶剂,和
(iv)活性成分受控释放的可行性,和
(v)极好的稳定性(机械的和化学的),和
(vi)可用于喷雾干燥,和
(vii)良好的光学性质(允许生产非浑浊制剂),和
(viii)可灭菌。
SLN具有直径为10-1000nm的(大约)球形形状。如果要生产非浑浊制剂,则SLN的直径应该在50-300nm之间。
SLN具有通过乳化剂被稳定化的固体脂质核。
SLN从现有技术例如Mehnert等人,Adv.DrugDel.Rev.47(2001),165-196中已知。
SLN的脂质相(脂质核)是固态的(即结晶的)。这种相可包含亲脂性和/或两亲性活性成分(例如,抗微生物剂、抗氧化剂、多酚、维生素、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、染料等),它们(如果它们包含在固态中)被保护不受降解。
这是非常重要的另一优点,它允许以巧妙(sophisticated)的方式延长亲脂性或两亲性活性成分的货架期。
结晶的脂质通常可形成三种不同的晶体:
α、β’和β晶体。
α-晶体链具有六方晶排布,在X-射线衍射谱中具有最短的间隔线。此外,这种晶型具有最不紧密组装的脂质结构且其在低于其它晶体的温度下熔化。
β’-晶体是α-和β-晶体之间的过渡形式,且其为正交晶。其比α-晶体更为有序且在更高温度下熔化。
β-晶体被组装为三斜晶排布且具有高度有序的片状结构。其是最稳定的形式,因此其在最高温度下熔化。由于动力学原因,晶体自身由较不有序的α-晶体重新排列成为高度有序的β-晶体,这意味着由球形向平板形颗粒的形状变化(Bunjes,Steiniger,&Richter,2007)。由此,油-水表面积增加,从而导致聚集和疏水小片的凝胶形成。
但是,为了将生物活性成分包含在SLN的脂质核而不引发上述相分离,不稳定的α-和/或β’-晶体结构是优选的。
本发明的目标是找到提供具有α-和/或β’-晶体结构的SLN的方法,所述结构是稳定的,因此不变形成为β-晶体结构。SLN必须稳定(贮存)数周。
出乎意料地,已发现:当使用特定乳化剂(其为至少一种皂素(saponin))时,则获得稳定的SLN,其中固体脂质具有α-和/或β’-晶体结构。
因此,本发明涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(I),其包含
(a)核,所述核包含
(i)固态的脂质相,和
(ii)任选地,至少一种亲脂性和/或两亲性活性成分,和
(b)乳化剂体系,所述乳化剂体系包含
(i)至少一种乳化剂,
其特征在于:
所述乳化剂体系包含至少一种皂素。
此外,优选地,SLN的乳化剂体系的结晶点低于SLN的核的结晶点。这表示:乳化剂体系应该在核结晶之前结晶。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(II),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I),其中乳化剂体系的结晶点低于核的结晶点。
脂质相可以是任何油(油的混合物),其在SLN的贮存温度下为固体。合适的油例如甘油三酯、偏甘油酯、脂肪酸、类固醇和蜡。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(III),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)或(II),其中脂质相是油(油的混合物),其在SLN的贮存温度下为固体。合适的油例如甘油三酯、偏甘油酯、脂肪酸、类固醇和蜡。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(III’),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)或(III),其中脂质相是选自如下的油(油的混合物):甘油三酯、偏甘油酯、脂肪酸、类固醇和蜡。
亲脂性和/或两亲性活性成分可以是例如,抗微生物剂、抗氧化剂、多酚、维生素、PUFA或染料、以及所述成分的混合物。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(IV),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)或(III’),其中亲脂性和/或两亲性活性成分选自:抗微生物剂、抗氧化剂、多酚、维生素、PUFA或染料、以及所述成分的混合物。
皂素为两亲性糖苷,其根据以下被归类,在现象学方面,当在含水溶液中摇晃时其产生皂状泡沫;以及在结构方面,其组成为一种或多种亲水糖苷部分(moiety)与亲脂性三萜的组合。
历史上认为皂素来源于植物,但其也已从海洋生物中分离。皂素确实发现于许多植物中,它们的名字源自肥皂草植物(肥皂草属,石竹科),其根在历史上被用作皂。
皂素还发现于无患子植物学科,其定义属为无患子属(无患子(soapberry或soapnut),以及密切相关的槭树科(槭树)和七叶树科(马栗;需要参考)中。
它还在五小叶绞股蓝(Gynostemmapentaphyllum)(绞股蓝属,葫芦科)中以被称为绞股蓝皂苷的形式被大量发现,并在人参或红参(人参属,五加科)中以被称为人参皂苷的形式被大量发现。在这些科中,这类化学化合物发现于植物的多个部分:叶、茎、根、球茎、花和果实。
植物源性皂素的商业制剂来自例如皂皮树Quillajasaponaria。
皂素可商购自例如DesertKingInternational和NationalStarch。
在本发明的语境中,优选的皂素化合物是quillajasaponaria(E999)。E数(即,E999)是在欧盟和瑞士(“E”代表“欧洲”)内可用作食品添加剂的化学物质的代码。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(V),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)或(IV),其中皂素是quillajasaponaria。
本发明的一个实施方式的乳化剂体系还可包含其它乳化剂(=助乳化剂)。如果使用这样的一种或多种助乳化剂。则乳化剂体系仍然应在核结晶之前结晶。
合适的助乳化剂即,聚山梨醇酯(聚山梨醇酯是来源于被脂肪酸酯化的PEG-化山梨聚糖(山梨糖醇的衍生物)的油状液体),例如聚山梨醇酯40(聚氧乙烯(20)山梨聚糖单棕榈酸酯)、聚山梨醇酯60(聚氧乙烯(20)山梨聚糖单硬脂酸酯)和聚山梨醇酯80(聚氧乙烯(20)山梨聚糖单油酸酯);磷脂,例如磷脂酸(磷脂酸盐/酯)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(脑磷脂)、磷脂酰胆碱(卵磷脂)、氢化卵磷脂、磷脂酰丝氨酸、磷脂酰肌醇磷酸、磷脂酰肌醇二磷酸、磷脂酰肌醇三磷酸、神经酰胺磷酰胆碱(鞘磷脂)、神经酰胺磷酰乙醇胺(鞘磷脂)和神经酰胺磷酰甘油;硬脂酰-2-乳酸酯/盐,例如硬脂酰-2-乳酸钠(E481);以及单-和二-甘油酯的柠檬酸酯,优选地脂肪酸的单-和二-甘油酯的柠檬酸酯(E472c)。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(VI),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)、(IV)或(V),其中乳化剂体系包含至少一种助乳化剂。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(VI’),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)、(IV)、(V)或(VI),其中乳化剂体系包含至少一种助乳化剂,所述助乳化剂选自:聚山梨醇酯、磷脂、硬脂酰-2-乳酸酯/盐(stearoyl-2-lactylate)以及单-和二-甘油酯的柠檬酸酯(citricacidesterofmono-anddi-glycerides)。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(VI”),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)、(IV)、(V)、(VI)或(VI’),其中乳化剂体系包含至少一种助乳化剂,所述助乳化剂选自:聚山梨醇酯40(聚氧乙烯(20)山梨聚糖单棕榈酸酯)、聚山梨醇酯60(聚氧乙烯(20)山梨聚糖单硬脂酸酯)、聚山梨醇酯80(聚氧乙烯(20)山梨聚糖单油酸酯)、磷脂酸(磷脂酸盐/酯)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(脑磷脂)、磷脂酰胆碱(卵磷脂)、氢化卵磷脂、磷脂酰丝氨酸、磷脂酰肌醇磷酸、磷脂酰肌醇二磷酸、磷脂酰肌醇三磷酸、神经酰胺磷酰胆碱(鞘磷脂)、神经酰胺磷酰乙醇胺(鞘磷脂)、神经酰胺磷酰甘油、硬脂酰-2-乳酸酯/盐,以及单-和二-甘油酯的柠檬酸酯。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(VI”’),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)、(IV)、(V)、(VI)或(VI’),其中乳化剂体系包含至少一种助乳化剂,所述助乳化剂选自:卵磷脂、氢化卵磷脂、硬脂酰-2-乳酸钠(E481)以及脂肪酸的单-和二-甘油酯的柠檬酸酯(E472c)。
基于SLN的总重量,至少一种皂素的浓度为0.1-30重量-%(wt-%),优选地0.5-20wt-%。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(VII),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)、(IV)、(V)、(VI)、(VI’)、(VI”)或(VI”’),其中基于SLN的总重量,至少一种皂素的浓度为0.1-30重量-%(wt-%)。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(VII’),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)、(IV)、(V)、(VI)、(VI’)、(VI”)或(VI”’),其中至少一种皂素的浓度为0.5-20wt-%。
基于SLN的总重量,至少一种助乳化剂的浓度为0.1-30wt-%,优选地0.5-20wt-%。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(VIII),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)、(IV)、(V)、(VI)、(VI’)、(VI”)、(VI”’)、(VII)或(VII’),其中基于SLN的总重量,至少一种助乳化剂的浓度为0.1-30wt-%。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(VIII’),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)、(IV)、(V)、(VI)、(VI’)、(VI”)、(VI”’)、(VII)或(VII’),其中至少一种助乳化剂的浓度为0.5-20wt-%。
基于SLN的总量,亲脂性和/或两亲性活性成分的浓度可高达60wt-%。
因此,本发明还涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(IX),其是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)、(IV)、(V)、(VI)、(VI’)、(VI”)、(VI”’)、(VII)、(VII’)、(VIII)或(VIII’),其中基于SLN的总量,亲脂性和/或两亲性活性成分的浓度高达60wt-%。
可根据从现有技术已知的方法来制备SLN。例如,在提高的温度(高于脂质的熔化温度)下的制备方法例如热均化和热微乳化,且存在在室温或更低温度(即,低于脂质的熔化温度)下的方法例如研磨技术(Kakran等人,2012;R.H.Muller,Gohla,&Keck,2011;RainerH.Muller等人,2000)。
优选地,通过使用热均化来生产根据本发明的SLN。
因此,本发明还涉及生产固体脂质纳米颗粒(IX)的方法,所述固体脂质纳米颗粒(IX)是固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)、(IV)、(V)、(VI)、(VI’)、(VI”)、(VI”’)、(VII)、(VII’)、(VIII)、(VIII’)或(IX),其特征在于所述方法是热均化方法。
根据本发明的SLN可被用于多种应用领域中。应用领域通常取决于所掺入的亲脂性和/或两亲性活性成分。
SLN可被原样使用或者它们可被用于生产食品、饲料产品或个人护理品。
因此,本发明的另一实施方式涉及固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)、(IV)、(V)、(VI)、(VI’)、(VI”)、(VI”’)、(VII)、(VII’)、(VIII)、(VIII’)或(IX)在生产食品、饲料产品或个人护理品中的用途。
SLN(和亲脂性和/或两亲性活性成分)在这类产品中的量取决于产品以及亲脂性和/或两亲性活性成分的种类。
此外,本发明还涉及食品、饲料产品或个人护理品,其包含固体脂质纳米颗粒(I)、(II)、(III)、(III’)、(IV)、(V)、(VI)、(VI’)、(VI”)、(VI”’)、(VII)、(VII’)、(VIII)、(VIII’)或(IX)。
通过以下实施例阐释本发明。所有温度以℃给出,且所有部分和百分比与重量相关。
实施例1:(0.6wt-%的皂树(Quillaja)提取物溶液)
重量为50g的该实施例的样品由90wt-%的表面活性剂(皂树提取物,0.6wt-%)/磷酸钠缓冲液(10mM,pH=7)和10wt-%的三棕榈酸甘油酯组成。将三棕榈酸甘油酯加热至85℃以使脂质完全熔化。在相同温度(85℃)下单独加热表面活性剂缓冲液之后,将脂质熔化物和表面活性剂含水相混合在一起并使用均化器标准单元(Labworld-online,Staufen,德国)搅拌1分钟。基于样品的总重量,皂树提取物的含量为0.54wt-%。如下直接均化如此形成的热预混物:在10000psi(≈700bar)下使乳液穿过高压均质器(EmulsiFlex-C3,AvestinInc.,Ottawa,加拿大)5次。在均化之前,通过使沸水穿过机器循环5次来加热高压均质器,以避免乳液结晶。在均化期间,将已经均化的样品收集在位于水浴中的烧瓶中。然后将细乳液分成两部分,并将它们贮存在冰浴上1小时以诱导脂肪结晶。之后,将两个分散体部分分别贮存在7℃或25℃。
实施例2:(3.6wt-%的皂树提取物溶液)
类似于实施例1来完成实施例2,除了:基于样品的总重量,将皂树提取物的含量增加至3.24wt-%。
实施例3:(2.4wt-%的磷脂酰胆碱和0.6wt-%的皂树提取物)
类似于实施例1来完成实施例3,除了:表面活性剂溶液含有比率为4:1的磷脂酰胆碱和皂树提取物的混合物。基于样品的总重量,表面活性剂总量的含量为2.7wt-%(皂树0.54wt-%且磷脂酰胆碱2.16wt-%)。
实施例1-3的贮存稳定性:
经三周(在7℃)测量实施例1-3中所述所有样品的物理稳定性。
贮存3周之后,所有样品仍然均匀且为流体。未观察到胶凝、聚集或沉淀。
实施例4:(0.005wt-%的β-胡萝卜素)
通过在87g10mM磷酸钠缓冲液(pH=7)中混合1.5g80HPhos-pholipon卵磷脂和1.5g皂树提取物来制备3.3%的表面活性剂-助表面活性剂含水溶液。将如此产生的表面活性剂溶液在振动型水浴中加热至85℃持续30分钟。单独地,将10g三棕榈酸甘油酯加热至85℃以使脂质完全熔化并向脂质熔化物中加入0.005gβ-胡萝卜素活性物,然后密封并在暗处在80℃下搅拌(200rpm)30-60分钟以允许活性物溶解。将热的脂质相与保持在80℃的含水表面活性剂溶液混合并通过均化器标准单元在24000分-1下搅拌2分钟以产生粗乳液。基于样品的总重量,皂树提取物和卵磷脂二者的含量为1.5wt-%。然后使用微流化器(H-室,500bar,4个循环)均化热预混合物以产生最终的乳液。在均化之前,利用热水加热微流化器和室以避免乳液结晶。将收集到的细乳液贮存在冰浴上持续1小时以诱导脂肪结晶。之后,将分散体贮存在室温下、暗处。基于样品的总重量,SLN中封装的β-胡萝卜素的含量为0.005wt-%。
实施例5:(0.005wt-%的维生素A醋酸酯)
采用与实施例4中相同的条件,仅使用不同的活性物。以与β-胡萝卜素相同的方式处理维生素A醋酸酯。
实施例4和5的贮存稳定性:
经三周(在7℃和25℃下)测量实施例4和5中所述样品的物理稳定性。
贮存3周之后,所有样品仍然均匀且为流体。未观察到胶凝、聚集或沉淀。
Claims (12)
1.固体脂质纳米颗粒,其包含
(a)核,所述核包含
(i)固态的脂质相,和
(ii)任选地,至少一种亲脂性和/或两亲性活性成分,和
(b)乳化剂体系,所述乳化剂体系包含
(i)至少一种乳化剂,
其特征在于:
所述乳化剂体系包含至少一种皂素化合物。
2.根据权利要求1的固体脂质纳米颗粒,其中所述乳化剂体系的结晶点比所述核的结晶点低。
3.根据在前权利要求中任一项的固体脂质纳米颗粒,其中所述脂质相是至少一种油,所述油选自甘油三酯、偏甘油酯、脂肪酸、类固醇和蜡。
4.根据在前权利要求中任一项的固体脂质纳米颗粒,其中所述亲脂性和/或两亲性活性成分选自抗微生物剂、抗氧化剂、多酚、维生素、PUFA和染料。
5.根据在前权利要求中任一项的固体脂质纳米颗粒,其中所述皂素是quillajasaponaria。
6.根据在前权利要求中任一项的固体脂质纳米颗粒,其中所述乳化剂体系包含至少一种助乳化剂。
7.根据权利要求6的固体脂质纳米颗粒,其中所述助乳化剂选自聚山梨醇酯、磷脂、硬脂酰-2-乳酸酯/盐以及单-和二-甘油酯的柠檬酸酯。
8.根据在前权利要求中任一项的固体脂质纳米颗粒,其中基于SLN的总重量,所述至少一种皂素的浓度为0.1-30wt-%,优选地0.5-20wt-%。
9.根据在前权利要求中任一项的固体脂质纳米颗粒,其中基于SLN的总重量,所述至少一种助乳化剂的浓度为0.1-30wt-%,优选地0.5-20wt-%。
10.根据在前权利要求中任一项的固体脂质纳米颗粒,其中基于SLN的总量,所述亲脂性和/或两亲性活性成分的浓度能够高达60wt-%。
11.在前权利要求中任一项要求保护的固体脂质纳米颗粒在生产食品、饲料产品或个人护理品中的用途。
12.食品、饲料产品和个人护理品,其包含权利要求1-10中任一项要求保护的固体脂质纳米颗粒。
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EP20130159490 EP2777402A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | Solid lipid nanoparticles (I) |
EP13159490.5 | 2013-03-15 | ||
PCT/EP2014/055088 WO2014140264A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | Solid lipid nanoparticles (i) |
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US (1) | US9616001B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP2777402A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2016518814A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105142421A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112015022233A2 (zh) |
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CN111988999A (zh) * | 2018-04-23 | 2020-11-24 | 科汉森天然色素有限责任公司 | 色素负载的固体脂质纳米颗粒 |
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JP6639808B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-01 | 2020-02-05 | オリザ油化株式会社 | 泡安定化剤及びそれを用いた洗浄剤 |
CN107115321A (zh) * | 2017-04-16 | 2017-09-01 | 新疆维吾尔自治区药物研究所 | 田蓟苷固体脂质纳米粒及其制备方法 |
BR112020011895A2 (pt) | 2017-12-12 | 2020-11-24 | Lead Biotherapeutics Ltd. | nanopartícula de lipídeo sólido para liberação intracelular de substâncias ativas e método para produção da mesma |
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CN111988999B (zh) * | 2018-04-23 | 2023-06-02 | 奥特拉有限责任公司 | 色素负载的固体脂质纳米颗粒 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2777402A1 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
EP2983502A1 (en) | 2016-02-17 |
BR112015022233A2 (pt) | 2017-07-18 |
US9616001B2 (en) | 2017-04-11 |
US20160022550A1 (en) | 2016-01-28 |
EA201500927A1 (ru) | 2016-06-30 |
JP2016518814A (ja) | 2016-06-30 |
WO2014140264A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
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