CN105137476A - Multi-wave micro-logging excitation device and method - Google Patents
Multi-wave micro-logging excitation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105137476A CN105137476A CN201510535080.5A CN201510535080A CN105137476A CN 105137476 A CN105137476 A CN 105137476A CN 201510535080 A CN201510535080 A CN 201510535080A CN 105137476 A CN105137476 A CN 105137476A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000020004 porter Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052958 orpiment Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002059 quaternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-wave micro-logging excitation device and method, applied to the slow-speed band investigation field of multi-wave multi-component seismic prospection, and are characterized in that a cable with a depth sign is in connection with the suspension ring of a logging hammer, wherein the logging hammer is provided with detonator jacks and detonator pin wire slots; detonators are inserted in the detonator jacks; pin wires of the detonators are in connection with an explosive wire, lead to a well head, and connect with a blaster. The logging hammer is placed in a well, and initiates the detonators, thereby leading to the excitation of transverse waves and longitudinal waves. The multi-wave micro-logging excitation device and method have the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation and excellent excitation effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is applied to the weathering zone investigation work in Multi-component seismic exploration, and also can be applicable to the rock and soil properties investigation work in engineering investigation, be specifically related to excitation apparatus and exciting method in many ripples micro logging well, it can inspire compressional wave and shear wave.
Background technology
Often need in Multi-component seismic exploration to carry out the work of many ripples micro logging, the most difficult in this work is exciting of shear wave.
Many ripples micro logging exciting method known at present has following three kinds.
(1) ground substrate ballast mode of excitation is one many ripples micro logging exciting method the most frequently used in decades.The substrate of one band sawtooth is compressed on the ground firmly, upper ballast (as automobile), to increase and being coupled of ground.Carry out artificial or mechanical horizontal hammer in substrate side, produce shear stress, the multi-components wave detector settled in well can receive the shear wave of a polar orientation, and carries out record by seismograph; Substrate is knocked in another contrary from direction again side, and produce the shear stress that direction is contrary, the multi-components wave detector settled in well can receive the contrary shear wave of a polar orientation.
(2) in well, detonator excites ground receiver mode.Cable in lower going-into-well fixes some electric detonators, with telescoping ram, detonator is close to the borehole wall, then excite, three-component seismometer is in ground receiver (public announcement of a patent application number: CN101950032A).
(3) ground explosive shooting downhole receiving mode.On ground, emulsion [explosive is made the shape such as " ten " font, " T " font, detonator is placed in " ten ", and word center excites, and three-component seismometer is in downhole receiving (public announcement of a patent application number: CN104570054A).
The shooting techniques problem that above-mentioned many ripples micro logging exists is:
In method (1), need the substrate of heavy band triangle sawtooth, original load substrate also needing pressure enough heavy, as weights such as automobiles, needs twice hammering carrying out varying level direction could synthesize a secondary wave record; During artificial hammering, strength is unstable, causes excitation energy less stable, or firm not between substrate and ground, generation time delay phenomenon; Often there is surface dust on earth's surface or ploughs plants soil, and shooting conditions is not good enough, affects recording quality; If Lithology is basement rock, triangle sawtooth is difficult to enter, and substrate can not be coupled with ground, then cannot carry out micro logging work.
In method (2), blasting cap detonation is equivalent to spherical epicenter excitation, and direction of wave travel is from all directions, the mainly compressional wave inspired, and the shearing force of formation is little, and the shear wave energy excited is faint, is often difficult to identify on monitor record.
In method (3), the emulsion [explosive of special shape needs explosive production producer to customize, and cost is higher, and the cycle is longer; The quality stability of special shape emulsion [explosive is also difficult to ensure, easily produces the incomplete phenomenon of blast, affects energy stabilization; In addition, the explosive of special shape needs to be embedded in subsurface certain depth, but is just difficult to when ground is basement rock achieve.
Therefore a kind of more simple and practical many ripples micro logging excitation apparatus of invention and method is needed.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of structure simple, easy to operate, stimulation effect is good, can excite excitation apparatus and method in many ripples micro logging well of shear wave and compressional wave.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Excitation apparatus in a kind of many ripples micro logging well, comprises one piece of well logging hammer, it is characterized in that well logging hammer hammer body is right cylinder, well logging hammer arranges some detonator jacks, hammer body is provided with detonator payment to a porter groove, and one end of well logging hammer is provided with suspension ring, and suspension ring and a hawser with depth mark link.
Described well logging hammer hammer body is through heat treated steel cylinder, to ensure hardness and the toughness of well logging hammer.
The degree of depth of described detonator jack is less than well logging hammer diameter, and its residual thickness should ensure not puncture well logging hammer after detonator repeats blast; The diameter of detonator jack and detonator diameter are positive integer multiple proportion, to ensure the quantity of laying detonator; Detonator jack bottom shape is circular arc, is beneficial to reflected energy and assembles.
The width of described detonator payment to a porter groove and the degree of depth should be able to ensure that the payment to a porter of multiple detonator embeds wherein, in order to avoid detonator payment to a porter breakage when hammer of logging well is gone into the well.
Exciting method in a kind of many ripples micro logging well, the detonator jack of the hammer that it is characterized in that logging well is horizontal direction in well, with ensure detonator excite after shock wave be horizontal direction; In detonator jack, lay detonator, detonator jack hole count and the detonator quantity of use are determined by shooting depth, to ensure enough excitation energies; The detonator head laid is towards in hole, and bottom, towards outside hole, to utilize the cumulative directivity of detonator structure, ensures after blasting cap detonation it itself is outside directive hole, not residual detonators shell in hole; Detonator payment to a porter is crossed detonator payment to a porter groove along detonator jack and is connected with exploding wire, and exploding wire leads to well head along hawser and is connected on blaster.
The described well logging hammer laying detonator is put into well and detonates, the directional cumulation effect of horizontal eyelet adds the cumulative directivity of detonator structure, in the stratum that detonator is injected outside the borehole wall in the horizontal direction, produce shear stress and compressive stress, thus inspiring shear wave and compressional wave, the three-component seismometer being arranged in ground can receive the ripple in different polarization direction and import seismograph into and carry out record.
Well logging hammer to be placed in well bottom by hawser by the present invention, and by blaster detonating primer, ground three-component seismometer receives the shear wave in different polarization direction and compressional wave and imports seismograph into and carries out record.After once having excited, extract well logging hammer, again load detonator, according to the requirement of shot point distance, again sink to the shot point of different depth in well, carry out exciting and receiving, thus complete the work of many ripples micro logging.
The order of described shot point, first excites the shot point being positioned at well middle and lower part from bottom to top, after excite and be positioned at well middle and upper part shot point.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention have following some:
(1) the small and exquisite combination of well logging hammer and detonator, make use of directivity and the cumulative of detonator jack, also utilize the blast directivity of detonator structure, solve the problem exciting lacking direction property in existing many ripples micro logging well, once excite and can produce shear wave and compressional wave.Device is simple, with low cost;
(2) energy that excites of detonator is very stable, and energy size is controlled by detonator quantity and detonator jack quantity, avoids ground substrate and knocks the energy stabilization problem excited with ground emulsus explosive shooting, more not free delay issue;
(3) many ripples micro logging mode of ground receiver is excited in well, the problem that when to avoid earth's surface exposure lithology be basement rock, many ripples micro logging can not be constructed.
accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation hammered into shape of logging well in this device.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the using state figure of this device.
Fig. 5 is the design sketch (x component monitor record) adopting this device to excite.
Fig. 6 is the design sketch (y component monitor record) adopting this device to excite.
Fig. 7 is the design sketch (z component monitor record) adopting this device to excite.
In figure, 1-logs well hammer; 2-detonator jack; 3-payment to a porter groove; 4-suspension ring, 5-detonator head; 6-detonator, the payment to a porter of 7-detonator; 8-stratum; 9-hawser; 10-micro logging wellhole; 11-seismograph; 12-three-component seismometer; 13-earth's surface; 14-blaster.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, these apparatus and method are described in further detail, but not as any limitation of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, excitation apparatus in a kind of many ripples micro logging well, comprise a hawser 9 with depth mark, it is characterized in that one end of hawser 9 connects well logging hammer 1, one end of well logging hammer 1 is provided with suspension ring 4, the hammer body of well logging hammer 1 arranges some detonator jacks 2 and payment to a porter groove 3, detonator 6 is provided with in detonator jack 2, the head of detonator is towards in hole, the bottom of detonator is outside, payment to a porter groove 3 extraction that detonator payment to a porter is hammered into shape along logging well is connected with exploding wire leads to well head, and be connected on blaster 14, blaster 14 is arranged on the side of well head.
Seismograph 11 is arranged on the opposite side of well head, and seismograph 11 connects three-component seismometer 12.
Detonator jack 2 is blind hole, and payment to a porter groove 3 is along well logging hammer hammer body 1 outer wall fluting, and suspension ring 4 connect with well logging hammer welding.
Detonator jack hole count has 7, and be divided into 2 large 5 little by diameter, major diameter jack lays at most 7 detonators, and minor diameter jack lays at most 4 detonators, can select jack size and detonator quantity according to the shooting dose size of design.
For many ripples micro logging of Qinshui basin district multistep implicit seismic prospecting.
K1 line is multistep implicit seismic line, a bite micro logging wellhole of constructing at 7360 pile No. places, near well head earth's surface for plough, hole depth 18m, is Quaternary system Loess Layer, 5.4m with shallow be Malan loess, its be down to shaft bottom from orpiment soil.
Get out above-mentioned well logging hammer, wave detector, seismograph, blaster, wave detector connects seismograph; In detonator jack, lay 7 detonators, detonator lead-in wire is connected with exploding wire; Well logging hammer is put into 18m depth location with well logging hammer hawser by exploding wire; Exploding wire is connected with blaster, blasting cap initiation, seismograph record.
After 18m depth location has excited, from wellhole, extract well logging hammer, in detonator jack, lay 7 detonators again, hammer into shape down to 17m position in well apart from by well logging according to the shot point of 1m, repeat said process, until degree of depth 1m place.
By being deep in shallow work progress, the detonator quantity of single-shot can be reduced gradually with depth shallower, to ensure that first arrival is clear for principle.
This micro logging is constructed 18 big guns altogether, shot point, apart from 1m, obtains three-component (x component, y component, z component) and records 3, often open record 18 road, the compressional wave of z component essential record record vertical direction polarization, the shear wave of x, y component essential record varying level polarization direction.
Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 are respectively the x component, y component, the z component monitor record that excite many ripples micro logging in Qinshui basin district well, as seen from the figure, seismic wave energy is strong, and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is high, and first arrival is clear, take-off is clear-cut, can accurately first break picking time, especially x component recording and y component recording, primary wave energy is strong, background noise is little, illustrates that the effect of excitation apparatus and method in this many ripples micro logging well is good.
Claims (6)
1. an excitation apparatus in the micro logging of ripple more than well, comprises one piece of well logging hammer, it is characterized in that well logging hammer hammer body is right cylinder, well logging hammer arranges some detonator jacks, hammer body is provided with detonator payment to a porter groove, and one end of well logging hammer is provided with suspension ring, and suspension ring and a hawser with depth mark link.
2. excitation apparatus in a kind of many ripples micro logging well according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described well logging hammer is through heat treated steel cylinder, vertical cylinder axis is drilled with several detonator jack, crosses detonator jack and is milled with detonator payment to a porter groove, and cylinder top end is welded with well logging hammer suspension ring.
3. excitation apparatus in a kind of many ripples micro logging well according to claim 2, it is characterized in that the degree of depth of described detonator jack is less than well logging hammer diameter, the diameter of detonator jack and detonator diameter are integer multiple relation, and detonator jack bottom shape is circular arc.
4. the exciting method of ripple micro logging more than a kind, detonator is laid in the detonator jack that it is characterized in that logs well described in claim 1 hammers into shape, detonator payment to a porter is crossed detonator payment to a porter groove and is connected with exploding wire, well head is led to along hawser, and be connected on blaster, the a certain depth of well put into by well logging hammer, can inspire shear wave and compressional wave after primer detonator.
5. a kind of many ripples micro logging exciting method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that the detonator head laid in detonator jack is towards in hole, bottom is towards outside hole.
6. exciting method in a kind of many ripples micro logging well according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that the directivity of blasting cap detonation and the level orientation to detonator jack, make detonator level in the stratum squeezed into outside the borehole wall, produce shearing force and compressive stress, thus inspire shear wave and compressional wave.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510535080.5A CN105137476B (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | A kind of many ripples micro logging excitation apparatus and method |
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| CN201510535080.5A CN105137476B (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | A kind of many ripples micro logging excitation apparatus and method |
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| CN105137476A true CN105137476A (en) | 2015-12-09 |
| CN105137476B CN105137476B (en) | 2016-09-21 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116329063A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-06-27 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Heavy hammer knocking device for generating transverse waves and application method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2211610A (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1989-07-05 | Coal Ind | Improved seismic source of the explosive type for generating shear waves in strata |
| CN101611330A (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2009-12-23 | 普拉德研究及开发股份有限公司 | Carry out the technology and the system of cross well survey |
| CN101609166A (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2009-12-23 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | A kind of measuring method of near surface structure of water area |
| CN101950032A (en) * | 2010-08-07 | 2011-01-19 | 大庆石油管理局 | Multi-wave exciting method for near surface investigation |
-
2015
- 2015-08-28 CN CN201510535080.5A patent/CN105137476B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2211610A (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1989-07-05 | Coal Ind | Improved seismic source of the explosive type for generating shear waves in strata |
| CN101611330A (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2009-12-23 | 普拉德研究及开发股份有限公司 | Carry out the technology and the system of cross well survey |
| CN101609166A (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2009-12-23 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | A kind of measuring method of near surface structure of water area |
| CN101950032A (en) * | 2010-08-07 | 2011-01-19 | 大庆石油管理局 | Multi-wave exciting method for near surface investigation |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 吴扬云 等: "一起雷管飞溅物伤人事故", 《劳动保护》 * |
| 马立宗: "常规井中激发地面接收微测井专用电缆的改进", 《江汉石油职工大学学报》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116329063A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-06-27 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Heavy hammer knocking device for generating transverse waves and application method thereof |
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| CN105137476B (en) | 2016-09-21 |
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Granted publication date: 20160921 |