CN105136898B - A kind of direct detection means of flexure electro dynamic effect and method based on detection electric charge - Google Patents
A kind of direct detection means of flexure electro dynamic effect and method based on detection electric charge Download PDFInfo
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- CN105136898B CN105136898B CN201510638757.8A CN201510638757A CN105136898B CN 105136898 B CN105136898 B CN 105136898B CN 201510638757 A CN201510638757 A CN 201510638757A CN 105136898 B CN105136898 B CN 105136898B
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Abstract
A kind of direct detection means of flexure electro dynamic effect and method based on detection electric charge, the device includes being separately positioned on the upper double-sided metal electrode slice of test specimen upper and lower surface and lower double-sided metal electrode slice, and the lower metal electrode of upper double-sided metal electrode slice is in contact with the upper surface of test specimen；The upper metal electrode of lower double-sided metal electrode slice is in contact with the lower surface of test specimen；The upper metal electrode of upper double-sided metal electrode slice is connected with the lower metal electrode of lower double-sided metal electrode slice by ground wire；The lead of the upper metal electrode connection measurement charge signal of lower double-sided metal electrode slice, lead are sequentially connected charge amplifier and display storage device；Test specimen side is connected with high frequency ultrasound probe, and high frequency ultrasound probe is connected with power amplifier and high frequency pulse generator successively by lead；Present invention also offers detection method, by encouraging high-frequency ultrasonic to detect the output charge of institute's test block, can conveniently, simply realize the direct detection of flexure electro dynamic effect.
Description
Technical field
This experimental method is related to flexure electro dynamic effect detection technical field, and in particular to a kind of scratching based on detection electric charge
The bent direct detection limit device and method of electro dynamic effect.
Background technology
Stress-electric coupling phenomenon is widely present in various artificial and natural materials.Piezoelectric is a kind of important intelligent material
Material, can produce electric polarization when this material is acted on by mechanical stress, otherwise can produce mechanically deform in the electric field.Piezoelectricity
Effect results from interatomic relative displacement in crystal, and only asymmetric crystal could produce piezo-electric effect.Flexure electricity effect
It should refer to produce polarization by heterogeneous strain field or strain gradient, unlike piezo-electric effect, in time for center
Assymetric crystal, flexoelectric effect equally can be that material produces electric polarization.In solid atomic crystal, strain gradient causes atom
It is symmetrical so as to destroy the inverting of crystal with relative displacement heterogeneous, polarization is produced in crystal.Due to piezo-electric effect be by
Caused by homogeneous strain, flexoelectric effect is as caused by strain heterogeneous, and the difference in this mechanism result in macroscopic view
It is more obvious that yardstick pushes electrical effect, and under micro-scale, flexoelectric effect can not be ignored.Due to symmetrical to crystal structure
The requirement of property relative loose, flexoelectric effect is prevalent in all dielectrics, including non-piezoelectric material and isotropism
Material.
When high-frequency ultrasonic passes through medium, when ultrasonic wavelength and close lattice lengths, vibration can produce dependent on when
Between strain gradient, and strain gradient can produce the polarization displacement of ion.For ultrasonic wave, the acceleration of atom is proportional to
Strain gradient, the acceleration of the ion of different quality produce extra polarization displacement, so as to produce flexure electro dynamic effect, produce
Polarization charge.Flexure electro dynamic effect is normally defined：
Wherein μd=-χ cM/ ρ are Dynamic flexural electrostrictive coefficients.M is the coefficient calculated by lattice dynamics.ε is material
Elastic strain, x are the directions of gradient, and P is polarization caused by the strain gradient as caused by flexoelectric effect, and ρ is density, and c is bullet
Property constant.Under the International System of Units, the unit of flexoelectric coefficient is C/m.
It is wider to bend electric-type material selection range, environment and mankind's friendly material can be used to prepare flexure electric-type sensing
The function elements such as device, driver.So research flexure electro dynamic is theoretical and detection method just has very important scientific research engineering
Meaning.So far, it is still blank to bend the detection means of electro dynamic effect and method, and a kind of currently designed high-frequency ultrasonic swashs
The detection means and method of detection flexure electro dynamic effect are encouraged, it is electronic to detect material flexure by directly detecting output charge
State effect, experimental method simple possible.
The content of the invention
The purpose of this experiment be to provide a kind of direct detection limit device of flexure electro dynamic effect based on detection electric charge and
Method, by encouraging high-frequency ultrasonic to produce strain gradient in test specimen, electric charge caused by flexoelectric effect occurs so as to measure,
To detect the flexure electro dynamic effect of measured and monitored the growth of standing timber material.
In order to reach object above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of direct detection means of flexure electro dynamic effect based on detection electric charge, including it is separately positioned on the upper table of test specimen 2
The upper double-sided metal electrode slice 1 and lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3 of face and lower surface, the upper double-sided metal electrode slice 1 up and down
Surface is respectively arranged with metal electrode and lower metal electrode, and the lower metal electrode of upper double-sided metal electrode slice 1 is upper with test specimen 2
Surface is in contact；The upper and lower surface of the lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3 is respectively arranged with metal electrode and lower metal electrode, under
The upper metal electrode of double-sided metal electrode slice 3 is in contact with the lower surface of test specimen 2；The upper gold of the upper double-sided metal electrode slice 1
Category electrode passes through ground wire 6 with the lower metal electrode of lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3) it is connected；The lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3
The lead 10 of upper metal electrode connection measurement charge signal, the lead 10 of the measurement charge signal are sequentially connected charge amplifier
11 and display storage device 12；The side of the test specimen 2 is connected by couplant 5 with high frequency ultrasound probe 4, high frequency ultrasound probe
4 are connected with power amplifier 8 and high frequency pulse generator 9 successively by lead 7.
The upper double-sided metal electrode slice 1 and lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3 are pcb board.
The upper metal electrode and lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3 of the ground wire 6 and upper double-sided metal electrode slice 1) lower metal
Electrode is connected by way of wire bonding.
The lead 10 of the measurement charge signal and the upper metal electrode of lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3 pass through wire bonding
Mode connects.
The display storage device 12 is oscillograph.
The detection method of detection means described above, high frequency pulse generator 9 produce electric signal, transmitted by lead 7
After the amplifying power of power amplifier 8, excitation high frequency ultrasound probe 4 produces high-frequency ultrasonic, and high-frequency ultrasonic passes through test specimen 2
When, it is subjected to displacement and produces strain gradient, then polarization charge, the following table of test specimen 2 is produced in the upper and lower surface of test specimen 2 by flexoelectric effect
Surface charge passes to charge amplifier by the upper metal electrode of lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3 via the lead 10 of measurement charge signal
In 11, storage is shown in storage device 12 is shown after being converted into magnitude of voltage；
When high-frequency ultrasonic is by test specimen 2, when ultrasonic wavelength and close lattice lengths, vibration can produce dependent on when
Between strain gradient, and strain gradient can produce the polarization displacement of ion；For high-frequency ultrasonic, the acceleration of atom is just
Than producing extra polarization displacement in the acceleration of strain gradient, the ion of different quality, so as to produce flexure electro dynamic effect,
Polarization charge is produced, its expression formula is：
U=kQ
Wherein μd=-χ cM/ ρ are Dynamic flexural electrostrictive coefficients, and M is the coefficient calculated by lattice dynamics, and ρ is density, c
It is elastic constant；μ is static flexoelectric coefficient, and ε is the elastic strain of material, and x is the direction of gradient, and P is by flexoelectric effect
Polarized caused by caused strain gradient, Q is the upper metal electrode output charge of lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3, and k amplifies for electric charge
Coefficient, U are the output quantity of magnitude of voltage, and H is the material test specimen lower surface length of side.As long as by formula, it can be seen that detection output electricity
Charge values, it becomes possible to detection flexure electro dynamic effect.
The present invention has advantages below：
1) it is still blank so far, to bend the detection means of electro dynamic effect and method.The present invention has filled up this respect
Blank, for deeper into research experimental method and thinking are provided.
2) present invention uses direct measurement electric charge, and charge amplifier can detect small charge variation and amplify, and be not required to
Electric current is measured using high accuracy lock phase current amplifier, tested simple and reliable.
3) instrument needed for is only high-frequency ultrasonic excitation set, charge amplifier and oscillograph, easily operated.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is schematic structural view of the invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the present invention is described in further details.As shown in drawings, it is of the invention
A kind of direct detection means of flexure electro dynamic effect based on detection electric charge, including it is separately positioned on the upper surface of test specimen 2 and following table
The upper double-sided metal electrode slice 1 in face and lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3, the upper and lower surface difference of the upper double-sided metal electrode slice 1
Metal electrode and lower metal electrode are provided with, the lower metal electrode of upper double-sided metal electrode slice 1 connects with the upper surface of test specimen 2
Touch；The upper and lower surface of the lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3 is respectively arranged with metal electrode and lower metal electrode, lower double-sided metal
The upper metal electrode of electrode slice 3 is in contact with the lower surface of test specimen 2；The upper metal electrode of the upper double-sided metal electrode slice 1 with
The lower metal electrode of lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3 is connected by ground wire 6；The upper metal electricity of the lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3
The lead 10 of pole connection measurement charge signal, the lead 10 of the measurement charge signal are sequentially connected charge amplifier 11 and display
Storage device 12；The side of the test specimen 2 is connected by couplant 5 with high frequency ultrasound probe 4, and high frequency ultrasound probe 4 is by drawing
Line 7 is connected with power amplifier 8 and high frequency pulse generator 9 successively.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper double-sided metal electrode slice 1 and lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3 are
Pcb board.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper metal electrode of the ground wire 6 and upper double-sided metal electrode slice 1 and under
Double-sided metal electrode slice 3) lower metal electrode connected by way of wire bonding.The He of lead 10 of the measurement charge signal
The upper metal electrode of lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3 is connected by way of wire bonding.So, produced by test specimen flexoelectric effect
Electric charge can be output to by lead in externally measured instrument.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the display storage device 12 is oscillograph.
As shown in drawings, the detection method of detection means of the present invention, high frequency pulse generator 9 produces electric signal, by drawing
After line 7 is transferred to the amplifying power of power amplifier 8, excitation high frequency ultrasound probe 4 produces high-frequency ultrasonic, and high-frequency ultrasonic passes through
During test specimen 2, because can just cause the vibration of atom when this wavelength dimension passes through test specimen, so as to be subjected to displacement and produce strain ladder
Degree, then polarization charge is produced in the upper and lower surface of test specimen 2 by flexoelectric effect, the following table surface charge of test specimen 2 passes through lower double-sided metal electricity
The upper metal electrode of pole piece 3 is passed in charge amplifier 11 via the lead 10 of measurement charge signal, is converted into after magnitude of voltage
Show storage device 12) in display storage；
When high-frequency ultrasonic is by test specimen 2, when ultrasonic wavelength and close lattice lengths, vibration can produce dependent on when
Between strain gradient, and strain gradient can produce the polarization displacement of ion；For high-frequency ultrasonic, the acceleration of atom is just
Than producing extra polarization displacement in the acceleration of strain gradient, the ion of different quality, so as to produce flexure electro dynamic effect,
Polarization charge is produced, its expression formula is：
U=kQ
Wherein μd=-χ cM/ ρ are Dynamic flexural electrostrictive coefficients, and M is the coefficient calculated by lattice dynamics, and ρ is density, c
It is elastic constant；μ is static flexoelectric coefficient, and ε is the elastic strain of material, and x is the direction of gradient, and P is by flexoelectric effect
Polarized caused by caused strain gradient, Q is the upper metal electrode output charge of lower double-sided metal electrode slice 3, and k amplifies for electric charge
Coefficient, U are the output quantity of magnitude of voltage, and H is the material test specimen lower surface length of side.As long as by formula, it can be seen that detection output electricity
Charge values, it becomes possible to detection flexure electro dynamic effect.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. direct detection means of flexure electro dynamic effect based on detection electric charge, it is characterised in that：Including being separately positioned on The upper double-sided metal electrode slice (1) and lower double-sided metal electrode slice (3) of test specimen (2) upper and lower surface, the upper two-sided gold The upper and lower surface of category electrode slice (1) is respectively arranged with metal electrode and lower metal electrode, under upper double-sided metal electrode slice (1) Metal electrode is in contact with the upper surface of test specimen (2)；The upper and lower surface of the lower double-sided metal electrode slice (3) is respectively arranged with Metal electrode and lower metal electrode, the upper metal electrode of lower double-sided metal electrode slice (3) are in contact with the lower surface of test specimen (2)； The upper metal electrode of the upper double-sided metal electrode slice (1) passes through ground wire with the lower metal electrode of lower double-sided metal electrode slice (3) (6) it is connected；The lead (10) of the upper metal electrode connection measurement charge signal of the lower double-sided metal electrode slice (3), it is described The lead (10) of measurement charge signal is sequentially connected charge amplifier (11) and display storage device (12)；The test specimen (2) Side is connected by couplant (5) with high frequency ultrasound probe (4), and high frequency ultrasound probe (4) is put with power successively by lead (7) Big device (8) and high frequency pulse generator (9) connection.
- 2. a kind of direct detection means of flexure electro dynamic effect based on detection electric charge according to claim 1, its feature It is：The upper double-sided metal electrode slice (1) and lower double-sided metal electrode slice (3) are pcb board.
- 3. a kind of direct detection means of flexure electro dynamic effect based on detection electric charge according to claim 1, its feature It is：The ground wire (6) and the upper metal electrode of upper double-sided metal electrode slice (1) and the lower gold of lower double-sided metal electrode slice (3) Category electrode is connected by way of wire bonding.
- 4. a kind of direct detection means of flexure electro dynamic effect based on detection electric charge according to claim 1, its feature It is：The lead (10) of the measurement charge signal and the upper metal electrode of lower double-sided metal electrode slice (3) pass through wire bonding Mode connect.
- 5. a kind of direct detection means of flexure electro dynamic effect based on detection electric charge according to claim 1, its feature It is：The display storage device (12) is oscillograph.
- 6. the detection method of the detection means described in any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that：High frequency pulse generator (9) Electric signal is produced, after being transferred to power amplifier (8) amplifying power by lead (7), encourages high frequency ultrasound probe 4) produce height Frequency ultrasonic, when high-frequency ultrasonic is by test specimen (2), it is subjected to displacement and produces strain gradient, then by flexoelectric effect in test specimen (2) upper and lower surface produces polarization charge, the upper metal electrode that test specimen (2) following table surface charge passes through lower double-sided metal electrode slice (3) Pass in charge amplifier (11), be converted into after magnitude of voltage in display storage device via the lead (10) of measurement charge signal (12) display storage in；When high-frequency ultrasonic is by test specimen (2), when ultrasonic wavelength and close lattice lengths, vibration can be produced dependent on the time Strain gradient, and strain gradient can produce the polarization displacement of ion；For high-frequency ultrasonic, the acceleration direct ratio of atom In strain gradient, the acceleration of the ion of different quality produces extra polarization displacement, so as to produce flexure electro dynamic effect, production Raw polarization charge, its expression formula are：U=kQWherein μd=-χ cM/ ρ are Dynamic flexural electrostrictive coefficients, and M is the coefficient calculated by lattice dynamics, and ρ is density, and c is elasticity Constant；μ is static flexoelectric coefficient, and ε is the elastic strain of material, and x is the direction of gradient, and P is as caused by flexoelectric effect Polarized caused by strain gradient, Q is the upper metal electrode output charge of lower double-sided metal electrode slice (3), and k is electric charge amplification system Number, U are the output quantity of magnitude of voltage, and H is the material test specimen lower surface length of side；As long as by formula, it can be seen that detection output charge Value, it becomes possible to detection flexure electro dynamic effect.
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| CN105403748A (en) * | 2015-12-12 | 2016-03-16 | 西安交通大学 | Measurement apparatus and method for generating pulse voltages on the basis of flexoelectric dynamic effect |
| CN105424978B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2018-10-19 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of high shock acceleration sensor and measurement method based on flexoelectric effect |
| CN105486933B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2018-03-16 | 西安交通大学 | Device and method by mosquito-repellent incense formula displacement equations structure measurement against flexoelectric coefficient |
| CN111072381A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-04-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Method for controlling dielectric material apparent flexoelectric effect |
| CN110632161B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-09-22 | 西安交通大学 | Experimental measurement device and decoupling method for shear direction flexoelectric coefficient |
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| CN103913643A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-09 | 西安交通大学 | Device and method for directly measuring flexoelectric coefficient based on charge measurement |
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| US8288922B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2012-10-16 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Flexoelectric—piezoelectric composite based on flexoelectric charge separation |
| US7791248B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2010-09-07 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Piezoelectric composite based on flexoelectric charge separation |
| US7832093B2 (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2010-11-16 | Kent State University | Method of creating an electro-mechanical energy conversion device |
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| Flexoelectric Effect in solids;Pavlo Zubko et al.;《Annual Review of Materials Research》;20130731;第43卷;第2.1节，第2.2节、图2 * |
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