CN105123694A - Prunus armeniaca sibirica late frost-avoiding method, late frost-avoiding solution and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Prunus armeniaca sibirica late frost-avoiding method, late frost-avoiding solution and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a prunus armeniaca sibirica late frost-avoiding method, a late frost-avoiding solution and a preparation method thereof. The late frost-avoiding solution, on the basis of 1000 ml, includes 0.5-3 g of daminozide, 20-25 ml of glycerol, 20-30 ml of sorbic enol and 5-10 ml of a polyvinyl alcohol solution, wherein mass percentage of polyvinyl alcohol in the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 5-15 wt%, the polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88 or PVA 17-92. In the invention, by means of large quantity of the prunus armeniaca sibirica treated by different growth regulators, different concentrations and different time, influence on blossom delaying of the prunus armeniaca sibirica due to the prepared solution is researched, thereby providing a solution for avoiding the late frost in the prunus armeniaca sibirica, wherein the solution is applied in late frost avoiding of the prunus armeniaca sibirica and provides excellent basis on high-yield cultivation technology of the prunus armeniaca sibirica. By means of the solution, the blossom time of the prunus armeniaca sibiric is delayed by 15 days at most.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field that Kernel apricot tree avoids late frost.More specifically, relate to a kind of Armeniaca vulgaris keep away the method for late frost and keep away late frost solution and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Armeniaca vulgaris (Prunusarmeniaca × sibirica) is rose family deciduous tree, be Siberia apricot (P.sibiricaLinn.) and the interspecific hybrid of apricot (P.armeniacaLinn.), be divided into dessert almond and semen armeniacae amarae.Armeniaca vulgaris is one of large dry fruit in the world six, is also important woody oil tree species.Armeniaca vulgaris strong adaptability, drought resisting, cold resistance, anti-blown sand are all comparatively strong, can significantly improve the ecological environment, and ecological benefits are remarkable, are the chief species of the northwest-north-northeast China networks of shelterbelts.Almond has very high edibility and medical value, and dessert almond has wide market as dry fruit, is the well sold and in short supply high-grade goods in domestic and international market.Containing crude fat 51.2%-61.5% in almond, wherein oleic acid accounts for 60%-70%, and linoleic acid accounts for 18%-32%, and palmitic acid and stearic acid account for 2%-7.8%, are mostly unsaturated fatty acid, effective in cure to anti-angiocardiopathy.Therefore, apricot kernel oil is a kind of high-class healthy edible oil.In addition, apricot kernel oil is also a kind of senior lubricant, can be used for the lubrication or antirust of aviation and precision instrument, is also the solvent of high quality plastic, or the raw material of skin protection cosmetics and manufacture perfumed soap.Containing the protein of 27% in semen armeniacae amarae, 17 seed amino acid content are 26.725%, and essential amino acids content is 7.575%, can be processed into almond can, almond milk, almond powder, almond meal, one of vegetable protein sources of high-quality.In dessert almond, the content of amarogentin is very micro-, but containing the nutrient component such as rich in protein, carbohydrate, fat, carotin, vitamin C and calcium, iron, phosphorus.In dessert almond, the content of carotin is high, has antitumaous effect, is called as " anticancer fruit ".In semen armeniacae amarae, the content of amarogentin is higher than dessert almond, amygdalate medical value higher than dessert almond, the effect of have cough-relieving, relievining asthma.
Aborning, the normal employing postponement florescence is avoided Armeniaca vulgaris flowers and fruits and endangered by late frost, and general more than the 10d of blooming that postpones effectively could avoid late frost.The present invention is directed to China's Armeniaca vulgaris and produce upper main problem, carry out the technique study of postponing Armeniaca vulgaris and blooming in a large number.By adopt diverse ways (cover grass, black Shading net covering tree as poured water or cover ground, masking foil parcel trunk, lime be coated with spray white, be coated with heat-insulating material, aluminium foil sunshade net parcel trunk or covering ground, girdling, ice bag process, spray ammonium nitrate, water spray, spray plant growth regulator, two kinds or three kinds combined measure process etc.), and often kind of method adopts the process of different time, variable concentrations or varying strength to screen the effective ways at Armeniaca vulgaris postponement florescence, thus avoids the infringement of late frost.
The greatest problem that Armeniaca vulgaris exists in producing be bloom early, the florescence subjects to late frost, cold current, causes freeze injury, causes to freeze flower and freeze fruit, cause the underproduction, even have no harvest.The Armeniaca vulgaris florescence is by late frost critical temperature: initial bloom stage-2.8 DEG C, full-bloom stage-2.2 DEG C, young fruit period-0.1 DEG C.Existing many scholars have done large quantifier elimination to Armeniaca vulgaris by postponing the culture technique aspect avoiding late frost of blooming both at home and abroad, as poured water, spraying water, whitewash, spray lime, Shading net covering etc., but due to above conventional cultivation technique measure, postpone flowering time shorter (about 3d), and time-consuming, effort, production is difficult to promote, therefore not yet forms the effective cultivation step solving the harm of Armeniaca vulgaris late frost at present.So, need to develop a kind of method that deferrable Armeniaca vulgaris is bloomed at present, for Armeniaca vulgaris high-yield cultivation technique lays good basis.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Armeniaca vulgaris to keep away late frost solution, by screening different growth regulator in a large number, variable concentrations, different time when keeping away late frost solution-treated Armeniaca vulgaris Armeniaca vulgaris push away serotinous situation, a kind of solution avoiding late frost for Armeniaca vulgaris developed, for Armeniaca vulgaris high-yield cultivation technique is laid a good foundation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide above-mentioned Armeniaca vulgaris to keep away the preparation method of late frost solution.
3rd object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Armeniaca vulgaris to keep away the method for late frost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, and with 1000mL solution gauge, described solution comprises: daminozide 0.5-3g.
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, and with 1000mL solution gauge, described solution comprises: daminozide 0.5-3g, azone 10-15mL, dimethicone 0.25-0.5mL.
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, and with 1000mL solution gauge, described solution comprises: daminozide 0.5-3g, glycerine 20-25mL, sorb enol 20-30mL, poly-vinyl alcohol solution 5-10mL; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88 or PVA17-92.
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, with 1000mL solution gauge, described solution comprises the component of following quality and volume: 0.5-3g daminozide, 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone, in poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88 or PVA17-92.
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, with 1000mL solution gauge, described solution is made up of following component: the water of 0.5-3g daminozide, 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone and surplus, in poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88 or PVA17-92.
Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away the preparation method of late frost solution, comprises the steps:
1) the daminozide aqueous solution and daminozide stoste is configured;
2) in daminozide stoste, add glycerine, sorb enol, azone and dimethicone and obtain mixed solution; And poly-vinyl alcohol solution is added in mixed solution, the compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in hot water, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 5-15wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88 or PVA17-92;
3) to step 2) add water in the mixed solution that formed, be then stirred to complete miscibility, constant volume, the concentration of daminozide is 0.5-3g/L;
4) solution configured is placed in the shady and cool dry place of lucifuge to store.
Above-mentioned preparation method, specifically comprises the steps:
1) weigh 0.5-3g daminozide and be placed in container, then add normal temperature pure water and be stirred to daminozide and dissolve completely, obtain daminozide stoste, the temperature of described normal temperature pure water is 20-30 DEG C;
2) in daminozide stoste, add 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone and obtain mixed solution; The compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 65-75 DEG C, is mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88 or PVA17-92;
3) to step 2) add the normal temperature pure water that temperature is 20-30 DEG C in the mixed solution that obtains, be stirred to complete miscibility, be settled to 1000mL;
4) solution configured is placed in the shady and cool dry place of lucifuge to store.
Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away a method for late frost, comprises the steps:
1) prepare the solution that Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost, the concentration of daminozide is 0.5-3g/L;
2) plan is selected to spray step 1) the Kernel apricot tree body of solution prepared;
3) time spraying institute's obtain solution is determined;
4) determine to spray principle;
5) spraying method is determined.
Said method, described method specifically comprises the steps:
1) dissolve 0.5-3g daminozide with normal temperature pure water and obtain daminozide stoste, the temperature of described normal temperature pure water is 20-30 DEG C; In daminozide stoste, add 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone obtain mixed solution, the compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 65-75 DEG C, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 5-15wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88 or PVA17-92; In the mixed solution obtained, add the normal temperature pure water that temperature is 20-30 DEG C, be stirred to complete miscibility, be settled to 1000mL; The solution configured is placed in shady and cool lucifuge place to store;
2) described Kernel apricot tree body is the Kernel apricot tree body through pruning of life in 5 years, height of tree 160-200cm, tree crown crown diameter 120-150cm; For life in 5 years above, tree-like tall and big, that growing way is excellent Kernel apricot tree body spray prepared solution time, solution usage is than step 2) in the consumption of 5 years raw tree bodies increase 2-3 doubly;
3) select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage the solution prepared, described Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage is annual 15-December 25 August; Selected 8 a.m.-10 point on the same day specifically sprayed, or afternoon 6-8 point;
4) when spraying prepared solution, select sunny calm weather, all-out atomizing is carried out to whole plant, comprise blade face, branch, trunk, leaf bud and bud position; The amount sprayed is that bud and branch soak and just do not drip;
5) small farm sprayer or power spraye is adopted to spray.
Said method, step 4) described in the amount that sprays be for life in 5 years or life in 5 years within tree body, the amount that every tree sprays solution is at every turn 400mL-500mL; The apricot expense above for life in 5 years is increased to 2 times-3 times.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is by the Armeniaca vulgaris of the different growth regulator of a large amount of screening, variable concentrations, different time process, research institute's obtain solution pushes away serotinous impact to Armeniaca vulgaris, thus develop the solution that a kind of Armeniaca vulgaris avoids late frost, and use it for Armeniaca vulgaris and avoid in the application of late frost, for Armeniaca vulgaris high-yield cultivation technique is laid a good foundation, with the solution of the present invention's preparation, the highlyest 15 days flowering stage of Armeniaca vulgaris can be postponed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 a is the Armeniaca vulgaris photo of postponing the florescence;
Fig. 1 b is the Armeniaca vulgaris photo of postponing the florescence;
Fig. 1 c is the Armeniaca vulgaris photo of postponing the florescence;
Fig. 1 d is the Armeniaca vulgaris photo of not postponing the florescence;
Fig. 1 e is the setting photo of the Armeniaca vulgaris of postponing the florescence;
Fig. 1 f is the setting photo of the Armeniaca vulgaris of postponing the florescence;
Fig. 1 g is the setting photo of the Armeniaca vulgaris of postponing the florescence;
Fig. 1 h is the setting photo of the Armeniaca vulgaris of not postponing the florescence.
Embodiment
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention, below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and drawings, the present invention is described further.Parts similar in accompanying drawing represent with identical Reference numeral.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that specifically described content is illustrative and nonrestrictive, should not limit the scope of the invention with this below.
In the present invention: abloom rate=one-tenth flower quantity/bud quantity × 100%, fruit-setting rate=actual result number/number × 100% of always blooming.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, containing 2.0g daminozide in this 1000mL solution.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, containing 2.0g daminozide, 12mL azone and 0.3mL dimethicone in this 1000mL solution.
Embodiment 2-1
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, containing 2.0g daminozide, 23mL glycerine, 25mL sorb enol and 8mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution in this 1000mL solution; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 10wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, containing 2.0g daminozide, 23mL glycerine, 25mL sorb enol, 12mL azone, 8mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.3mL dimethicone in this 1000mL solution; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 10wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, containing 0.5g daminozide, 20mL glycerine, 20mL sorb enol, 10mL azone, 5mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25mL dimethicone in this 1000mL solution; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 10wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88.
Embodiment 5
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, containing 3g daminozide, 25mL glycerine, 30mL sorb enol, 15mL azone, 10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.5mL dimethicone in this 1000mL solution; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 10wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88.
Embodiment 6
The preparation method of the solution of embodiment 1, weighs 2.0g daminozide and is placed in container, then adds pure water and be stirred to daminozide and dissolve completely and be settled to 1000mL, the solution in obtained embodiment 1, wherein, add pure water temperature be 25 DEG C.The solution configured is placed in shady and cool lucifuge place to store.
Embodiment 7
The preparation method of the solution of embodiment 2, weigh 2.0g daminozide and be placed in container, add pure water to be again stirred to daminozide and to dissolve completely, obtain daminozide solution, in daminozide solution, add 12mL azone and 0.3mL dimethicone, add pure water and be stirred to complete miscibility, be settled to 1000mL, solution in obtained embodiment 2, wherein, the pure water temperature added is 25 DEG C.The solution configured is placed in shady and cool lucifuge place to store.
Embodiment 7-1
The preparation method of the solution of embodiment 2-1, weigh 2.0g daminozide and be placed in container, add pure water to be again stirred to daminozide and to dissolve completely, obtain daminozide solution, 23mL glycerine is added in daminozide solution, [compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 75 DEG C for 25mL sorb enol and 8mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 10wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88], add pure water and be stirred to complete miscibility, then 1000mL is settled to, solution in obtained embodiment 2-1, wherein, the pure water temperature added is 25 DEG C.The solution configured is placed in shady and cool lucifuge place to store.
Embodiment 8
The preparation method of the solution of embodiment 3, weigh 2.0g daminozide and be placed in container, add pure water to be again stirred to daminozide and to dissolve completely, obtain daminozide solution, 23mL glycerine is added in daminozide solution, 25mL sorb enol, 12mL azone, [compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 75 DEG C for 8mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 10wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88] and 0.3mL dimethicone, add pure water and be stirred to complete miscibility, be settled to 1000mL, solution in obtained embodiment 3, wherein, the pure water temperature added is 25 DEG C.The solution configured is placed in shady and cool lucifuge place to store.
Embodiment 9
The preparation method of the solution of embodiment 4, weigh 0.5g daminozide and be placed in container, add pure water to be again stirred to daminozide and to dissolve completely, obtain daminozide solution, 20mL glycerine is added in daminozide solution, 20mL sorb enol, 10mL azone, [compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 75 DEG C for 5mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 10wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88] and 0.25mL dimethicone, add pure water and be stirred to complete miscibility, be settled to 1000mL, solution in obtained embodiment 4, wherein, the pure water temperature added is 25 DEG C.The solution configured is placed in shady and cool lucifuge place to store.
Embodiment 10
The preparation method of the solution of embodiment 5, weigh 3g daminozide and be placed in container, add pure water to be again stirred to daminozide and to dissolve completely, obtain daminozide solution, 25mL glycerine is added in daminozide solution, 30mL sorb enol, 15mL azone, [compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 75 DEG C for 10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 10wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88] and 0.5mL dimethicone, add pure water and be stirred to complete miscibility, be settled to 1000mL, solution in obtained embodiment 5, wherein, the pure water temperature added is 25 DEG C.The solution configured is placed in shady and cool lucifuge place to store.
Embodiment 11
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 6 to prepare keeps away late frost solution, and spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected
If select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time
Select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15-December 25 August), before at 9 in the morning, sunny calm weather sprays; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect (compared with not spraying): postpone Armeniaca vulgaris florescence 2-4d, abloom rate improves 12%, and fruit-setting rate improves 2%.
Embodiment 12
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 6 to prepare keeps away late frost solution, and spraying place is Qi Jin Mountain area, Harqin in Inner Mongolia;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time
Select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15-December 25 August), before at 9 in the morning, sunny calm weather sprays, (Qi Jin Mountain area, Harqin in Inner Mongolia, this area's wind greatly generally can reach 5-6 level, need to catch up with to have sprayed in the past at 9 in the morning, because 9 start to blow gradually later when spraying the solution containing plant growth regulator in this area); Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect (compared with not spraying): postpone Armeniaca vulgaris florescence 1-2d, abloom rate improves 7%, and fruit-setting rate improves 1%.
Embodiment 13
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 7 to prepare keeps away late frost solution, and spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time
Select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15-December 25 August), before at 9 in the morning, sunny calm weather sprays; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect (compared with not spraying): postpone Armeniaca vulgaris florescence 5-6d, abloom rate improves 16%, and fruit-setting rate improves 2%.
Embodiment 14
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 7 to prepare keeps away late frost solution, and spraying place is Qi Jin Mountain area, Harqin in Inner Mongolia;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time
Select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15-December 25 August), before at 9 in the morning, sunny calm weather sprays; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect (compared with not spraying): postpone Armeniaca vulgaris florescence 3-4d, abloom rate improves 10%, and fruit-setting rate improves 1%.
Embodiment 13-1
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 7-1 to prepare keeps away late frost solution, and spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time
Select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15-December 25 August), before at 9 in the morning, sunny calm weather sprays; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect (compared with not spraying): postpone Armeniaca vulgaris florescence 5-6d, abloom rate improves 20%, and fruit-setting rate improves 2%.
Embodiment 14-1
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 7-1 to prepare keeps away late frost solution, and spraying place is Qi Jin Mountain area, Harqin in Inner Mongolia;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time
Select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15-December 25 August), before at 9 in the morning, sunny calm weather sprays; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect (compared with not spraying): postpone Armeniaca vulgaris florescence 3-4d, abloom rate improves 15%, and fruit-setting rate improves 1%.
Embodiment 15
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 8 to prepare keeps away late frost solution, and spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time
Select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15-December 25 August), before at 9 in the morning, sunny calm weather sprays; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect (compared with not spraying): postpone Armeniaca vulgaris florescence 13-15d, abloom rate improves 28%, and fruit-setting rate improves 16%.
Embodiment 16
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 8 to prepare keeps away late frost solution, and spraying place is Qi Jin Mountain area, Harqin in Inner Mongolia;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time
Select in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15-December 25 August), temperature sprays when 5-10 DEG C (brocade Mountain area, Mongolian Kalaqin Banner, when the winter dormancy phase, temperature was lower, be selected in and spray when temperature is slightly high noon, it is too low that other times spray then temperature); Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect (compared with not spraying): postpone Armeniaca vulgaris florescence 10-13d, abloom rate improves 25%, and fruit-setting rate improves 13%.
Embodiment 17
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 9 to prepare keeps away late frost solution, and spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time
Select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15-December 25 August), before at 9 in the morning, sunny calm weather sprays; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect (compared with not spraying): postpone Armeniaca vulgaris florescence 5-6d (see Fig. 1 c), and do not affect percentage of fertile fruit (see Fig. 1 g), abloom rate improves 26%, and fruit-setting rate improves 15%.
Embodiment 18
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 10 to prepare keeps away late frost solution, and spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time
Select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15-December 25 August), before at 9 in the morning, sunny calm weather sprays; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect (compared with not spraying): postpone Armeniaca vulgaris florescence 10-12d (see Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b), and do not affect percentage of fertile fruit (see Fig. 1 e and Fig. 1 f), abloom rate improves 26%, and fruit-setting rate improves 11%.
Comparative example 1
Keep away late frost solution as a comparison case with the Armeniaca vulgaris not spraying the present invention's preparation, its florescence picture is Fig. 1 d, and setting picture is 1h.
In Fig. 1 d, the Armeniaca vulgaris that the Armeniaca vulgaris not spraying the present invention's preparation keeps away late frost solution is bloomed, and be the Kernel apricot tree body that the Armeniaca vulgaris having sprayed in the embodiment of the present invention 18 and embodiment 17 preparation keeps away late frost solution shown in Fig. 1 a, 1b and 1c, as shown in the figure, all do not bloom, postpone flowering stage, thus avoid the infringement of late frost.
Fig. 1 h is the setting figure of comparative example 1, Fig. 1 e and 1f has sprayed the Kernel apricot tree body setting picture that the Armeniaca vulgaris prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 18 keeps away late frost solution, and Fig. 1 g has sprayed the setting picture that the Armeniaca vulgaris prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 17 keeps away the Kernel apricot tree body of late frost solution.
In the present invention, daminozide characteristic used is as follows:
Physicochemical property: sterling is with micro-smelly white crystals, soluble in water, acetone, ethanol, dimethylbenzene etc. can be dissolved in, storage-stable is good, more than 4 years can be stored under pulvis room temperature, needed used the same day after being made into liquid, should not use with other medicaments (as copper agent, finish) or pestsides synthesis;
Feature: daminozide is a kind of plant growth retardent, can be absorbed by plant roots, stem, leaf, bud, leaf bud, enters the biosynthesis that can suppress endogenous hormones gibberellin after in plant corpus.Also can be formed by inducing adventitious root, stimulate root growth, improve cold hardiness.Be decomposed by the microorganisms very soon in soil.
The characteristic of glycerine, sorb enol, azone, polyvinyl alcohol and dimethicone used in the present invention is as follows:
Glycerine, sorb enol belong to humectant, have strong hygroscopicity, and the moisturizing mechanism of humectant is combined by hydrogen bond and water brute force and reached the effect making cuticula moisturizing.The object kept containing certain moisture in bud is reached by preventing the moisture of the loss of moisture in bud and absorption external environment.
Azone belongs to short vapor, can Promoting plant growth conditioning agent to the infiltration of Armeniaca vulgaris bud, wetting Armeniaca vulgaris bud surface, promote that bud is to the absorption of medicine, improve the effect of effective ingredient and reduce drug dose, thus reduce medicament to the pollution of environment, reduce use cost.
Polyvinyl alcohol is sticker, can increase the auxiliary agent of plant growth regulator at plant surface adhesive performance.It is not adjusted with plant growth and chemical change occurs, and just improves the adhesive capacity of medicament on surface, thus can reduce wind, rain blows to become estranged wash away medicament, increases the residual effect effect of medicament, improves effect.
Dimethicone is spreader-sticker, it has the characteristics such as low, the moistening and plate-out ability of surface tension, can effectively reduce under plant growth regulator medical liquid surface tension to bud moistened surface critical value, improve the retention volume of liquid on Armeniaca vulgaris bud, promote that liquid penetrates into bud inside by bud surface pores, strengthen bud to the absorption of medicament, reduce loss and the spray pesticide number of times of liquid.
When obtain solution: first take plant growth regulator daminozide and be placed in beaker, add a small amount of normal temperature pure water again in beaker, stir with glass bar again, until daminozide dissolves completely, finally the daminozide solution dissolved is poured in containing vessel, a small amount of normal temperature pure water is added again in beaker after being finished down, be used for cleaning beaker glass wall, and then cleaning fluid is poured in containing vessel, do like this and daminozide solution residual in walls of beaker can be avoided not utilize, avoid waste, make the solution concentration of preparation more accurate, the addition of statistics normal temperature pure water is should be noted that in the whole process of dissolving daminozide, daminozide agent is mixed with solution, directly add normal temperature pure water and dissolve plant growth regulator daminozide, normal temperature pure water water temperature is unsuitable too low, generally the most applicable at 20 DEG C about-30 DEG C, in order to avoid because of water temperature over-high or too lowly affect its solvability and drug effect, at the larger mountain area spray plant growth regulator of dust storm (as Qi Jin Mountain area, Harqin in Inner Mongolia, this area's wind greatly generally can reach 5-6 level), owing to being done by wind very soon after the large spray medicine of wind, so plant growth regulator auxiliary agent of can adding some points when preparing daminozide solution.
Spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15-December 25 August), should be selected in sunny calm weather spray and the best period sprayed is the morning 8 time to 10 time, be best before and after when afternoon 7; It is first light rear heavy for spraying principle, crosses and not easily sprays evenly at least, cross and cause fluid loss at most, minimizing drug effect; All-out atomizing is carried out to whole plant, comprises the positions such as blade face, branch, trunk, leaf bud, bud; The degree sprayed is sprayed onto bud and branch is moistening and just do not drip for the best, and emphasis sprays bud position; Should accomplish when spraying that morning, dew did not dryly spray, noon, temperature height did not spray, and meets rain and fill spray in time after spray.
Note weather condition when spraying solution, should select sunny calm weather, morning, spraying effect was better; Overcast and rainy, strong wind sky (more than 4 grades) and high temperature at noon time should stop spray medicine, do not rain as the best to spray in rear 24h, if spray in rear 4h rainy, must respray, small farm sprayer or power spraye can be adopted to spray.
Obtain solution points for attention:
1. the place of safety away from drinking water source, producer region during obtain solution, should be selected; The personnel of making up a prescription will wear rubber gloves, must take medicinal powder, and according to actual amount preparating liquid, arbitrarily must not increase consumption with the dosage that measurer specifies according to Product labelling; Stir liquid and will use instrument, forbid to stir with hand.
Spray solution points for attention:
1. need to complete spray medicine in the morning before 10:00 in the mountain area that dust storm is larger, as Qi Jin Mountain area, Harqin in Inner Mongolia, this area's wind greatly generally can reach 5-6 level), need to catch up with when this area's spray plant growth regulator to have sprayed in the past at 9 in the morning, general 9 start to blow later gradually.When the winter dormancy phase, temperature was lower, spray when optional temperature is at noon slightly high, other times spray because temperature is too low, reduce absorption ratio.
2. grasp that daminozide is optimum sprays time and suitable spraying concentration, spraying concentration should be selected in 0.5g/L-3g/L.
3. can not be mixed with copper agent or be used in conjunction; Water and fertilizer condition is good, and the effect of use is more obvious, uses meeting Severe Reduction during water and fertilizer condition wretched insufficiency; Action temperature and, during excessive concentration, the suppression degree to stem can be increased, do not have the degree of killing.
4. operating personnel should be served as by careful, the careful and responsible and healthy personnel of work; All valetudinarians, suffer from the women that skin disease and drug allergy and other diseases are not yet got well person, lactation, pregnancy period, menstrual period, skin injury more person must not carry out spraying operation; Must wear masks and rubber gloves when operating personnel spray, wear long sleeve blouse, trousers and footwear, socks.
5. carefully should check before spray plant growth regulator whether place's screw such as switch, joint, shower nozzle of spraying apparatus is tightened, check containing vessel whether seepage, explosive barrel inner liquid medicine can not overfill, avoids Lous medicine to lose; No smoking, drink water, eat when operating to spray personnel; Using during manual sprayer spray medicine answers interlacing to spray, and can not spray by the right and left simultaneously; Time in spray medicine process as there is the blocking of chemical sprayer tool, fix a breakdown again after should first rinsing with clear water, absolute prohibition mouth pressure-vaccum shower nozzle and filter screen; After spraying end-of-job, to be cleaned up by chemical sprayer tool in time, residue liquid can continue refrigeration and place; Operating personnel thoroughly clean hand, face with soap.
Obviously; the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described; and be not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention; for those of ordinary skill in the field; can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description; here cannot give exhaustive to all embodiments, every belong to technical scheme of the present invention the apparent change of extending out or variation be still in the row of protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away a late frost solution, it is characterized in that, with 1000mL solution gauge, described solution comprises: daminozide 0.5-3g.
2. Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away a late frost solution, it is characterized in that, with 1000mL solution gauge, described solution comprises: daminozide 0.5-3g, azone 10-15mL, dimethicone 0.25-0.5mL.
3. Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away a late frost solution, it is characterized in that, with 1000mL solution gauge, described solution comprises: daminozide 0.5-3g, glycerine 20-25mL, sorb enol 20-30mL, poly-vinyl alcohol solution 5-10mL; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88 or PVA17-92.
4. an Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, it is characterized in that, with 1000mL solution gauge, described solution comprises the component of following quality and volume: 0.5-3g daminozide, 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88 or PVA17-92.
5. an Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost solution, it is characterized in that, with 1000mL solution gauge, described solution is made up of following component: the water of 0.5-3g daminozide, 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone and surplus, in poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88 or PVA17-92.
6. Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away the preparation method of late frost solution, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) the daminozide aqueous solution and daminozide stoste is configured;
2) in daminozide stoste, add glycerine, sorb enol, azone and dimethicone and obtain mixed solution; And poly-vinyl alcohol solution is added in mixed solution, the compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in hot water, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 5-15wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88 or PVA17-92;
3) to step 2) add water in the mixed solution that formed, be then stirred to complete miscibility, constant volume, the concentration of daminozide is 0.5-3g/L;
4) solution configured is placed in the shady and cool dry place of lucifuge to store.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the steps:
1) weigh 0.5-3g daminozide and be placed in container, then add normal temperature pure water and be stirred to daminozide and dissolve completely, obtain daminozide stoste, the temperature of described normal temperature pure water is 20-30 DEG C;
2) in daminozide stoste, add 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone and obtain mixed solution; The compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 65-75 DEG C, is mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88 or PVA17-92;
3) to step 2) add the normal temperature pure water that temperature is 20-30 DEG C in the mixed solution that obtains, be stirred to complete miscibility, be settled to 1000mL;
4) solution configured is placed in the shady and cool dry place of lucifuge to store.
8. Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away a method for late frost, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
1) prepare the solution that Armeniaca vulgaris keeps away late frost, the concentration of daminozide is 0.5-3g/L;
2) the Kernel apricot tree body intending the solution spraying step 1) preparation is selected;
3) time spraying institute's obtain solution is determined;
4) determine to spray principle;
5) spraying method is determined.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described method specifically comprises the steps:
1) dissolve 0.5-3g daminozide with normal temperature pure water and obtain daminozide stoste, the temperature of described normal temperature pure water is 20-30 DEG C; In daminozide stoste, add 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone obtain mixed solution, the compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 65-75 DEG C, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 5-15wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88 or PVA17-92; In the mixed solution obtained, add the normal temperature pure water that temperature is 20-30 DEG C, be stirred to complete miscibility, be settled to 1000mL; The solution configured is placed in shady and cool lucifuge place to store;
2) described Kernel apricot tree body is the Kernel apricot tree body through pruning of life in 5 years, height of tree 160-200cm, tree crown crown diameter 120-150cm; For life in 5 years above, tree-like tall and big, that growing way is excellent Kernel apricot tree body spray prepared solution time, solution usage is than step 2) in the consumption of 5 years raw tree bodies increase 2-3 doubly;
3) select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage the solution prepared, described Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage is annual 15-December 25 August; Selected 8 a.m.-10 point on the same day specifically sprayed, or afternoon 6-8 point;
4) when spraying prepared solution, select sunny calm weather, all-out atomizing is carried out to whole plant, comprise blade face, branch, trunk, leaf bud and bud position; The amount sprayed is that bud and branch soak and just do not drip;
5) small farm sprayer or power spraye is adopted to spray.
10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that: the amount sprayed described in step 4) be for life in 5 years or life in 5 years within tree body, the amount that every tree sprays solution is at every turn 400mL-500mL; The apricot expense above for life in 5 years is increased to 2 times-3 times.
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| CN112931507A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-11 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Method for improving cold resistance of kernel apricot in flowering phase and application of kernel apricot |
| CN113575241A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-02 | 山西省林业和草原技术推广总站 | Method for avoiding late frost of kernel apricot, late frost-avoiding solution and preparation method of late frost-avoiding solution |
| CN115251055A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-11-01 | 中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所 | Apricot flower promoting and female promoting agent, preparation method and method for preventing pistil abortion and childhood |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112931507A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-11 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Method for improving cold resistance of kernel apricot in flowering phase and application of kernel apricot |
| CN112931507B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-04-12 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Method for improving cold resistance of kernel apricot in flowering phase and application of kernel apricot |
| CN113575241A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-02 | 山西省林业和草原技术推广总站 | Method for avoiding late frost of kernel apricot, late frost-avoiding solution and preparation method of late frost-avoiding solution |
| CN115251055A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-11-01 | 中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所 | Apricot flower promoting and female promoting agent, preparation method and method for preventing pistil abortion and childhood |
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Application publication date: 20151209 |