CN105117179A - Method for data interaction of host and storage device and storage controller - Google Patents
Method for data interaction of host and storage device and storage controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN105117179A CN105117179A CN201510616599.6A CN201510616599A CN105117179A CN 105117179 A CN105117179 A CN 105117179A CN 201510616599 A CN201510616599 A CN 201510616599A CN 105117179 A CN105117179 A CN 105117179A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for data interaction of a host and a storage device and a storage controller. The method comprises a method for the host to read data from the storage device and a method for the host to write the data into the storage device, the storage controller receives a data operation command sent by the host, whether the data operation command is a writing command or a reading command is judged by the storage controller, and a command response is sent to the host; when the data operation command is the writing command, the data operation command is received and sent to the storage device, when the data operation command is the reading command, the data operation command is received and sent to the host, after data transmission is completed, the storage controller sends a command completing state to the host, and transmission is carried out based on a USB Bulk transmission protocol. When a data stream transmission mode is adopted in the host, data overflowing and loss are effectively avoided, and on the premise of guaranteeing read-write performance, the compatibility of the device and the host is improved to the maximum degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of main frame and the mutual method of storage device data and memory controller, be related specifically between a kind of main frame and memory device and read from memory device the method for data, main frame to write method from data to memory device and memory controller based on the main frame of USBBulk host-host protocol.
Background technology
The English of USB (universal serial bus) is UniversalSerialBus, is abbreviated as USB, is one of most widely used electronic equipment interfaces.USB defines four kinds of host-host protocols, Control host-host protocol (ControlTransfer), Isochronous host-host protocol (IsochronousTransfer), Interrupt host-host protocol and Bulk host-host protocol (BulkTransfer) are because Bulk host-host protocol can ensure the correctness that data are transmitted, and because be data cell with long data block, high-transmission efficiency can be provided, so widespread use on a storage device.
At present, the operating system of all main flows all supports USB mass-memory unit, comprise the Windows that PC uses, Unix, Linux and MacOS, and Android and IOS that mobile device uses, the Mobile operating system IOS wherein developed by Apple uses USBBulk agreement to carry out the transmission of basic data block, but be data stream transmitting mode in logic, no matter be order, data or status information do not distinguish packet format, transmit according to the mode of serial data stream without exception, prior art often can cause spilling and the loss of data due to the traffic transmission characteristic of IOS, data are transmitted can not normally complete, therefore, how on efficient USBBulk host-host protocol basis, solve data stream to overflow and the problem of loss, become the technical barrier when last item attracts people's attention.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, between main frame and memory device based on USBBulk agreement carry out order, command response, data and order completion status transmission time, the read command response sended over by host waits memory device or write order response, receive read data from memory device or send to memory device again and write data, avoid main frame and adopt the problem that can cause data from overflow and loss during data stream transmitting mode.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Read the method for data from memory device as a kind of main frame of the present invention, memory device comprises memory controller and storer, and main frame is connected to memory controller, and memory controller is connected to storer, and the flow process that main frame reads data from memory device is as follows:
Read command forwarding step, the read command that memory controller Receiving Host sends;
Read command response of step, memory controller sends read command response to main frame and read command is sent to storer;
Read data forwarding step, storer sends read data to memory controller;
Read data feedback step, memory controller sends read data to main frame;
Read command completing steps, after read data transmission completes, memory controller sends read command completion status to main frame;
Above-mentioned read command, read command response, read data and read command completion status are transmitted based on USBBulk host-host protocol.
Main frame need wait for the read command response that memory device sends over, just can receive read data from memory device, the device command identification code that length is four bytes is comprised in read command, this device command identification code is hexadecimal values 0x4E534D43, comprise the equipment state identification code that length is four bytes in read command completion status, this equipment state identification code is hexadecimal values 0x4E534D53.
As the method for a kind of main frame of the present invention to memory device write data, memory device comprises memory controller and storer, and main frame is connected to memory controller, and memory controller is connected to storer, and main frame is as follows to the flow process of memory device write data:
Write order forwarding step, the write order that memory controller Receiving Host sends;
Write order response of step, memory controller sends write order response to main frame and write order is sent to storer;
Write data sending step, main frame sends to memory controller and writes data;
Write data back step, memory controller sends to storer and writes data;
Write order completing steps, writes data and is transmitted rear memory controller to main frame transmission write order completion status;
Above-mentioned write order, write order respond, write data and write order completion status is transmitted based on USBBulk host-host protocol.
Main frame need wait for the write order response that memory device sends over, just can send to memory device and write data, the device command identification code that length is four bytes is comprised in write order, this device command identification code is hexadecimal values 0x4E534D43, comprise the equipment state identification code that length is four bytes in write order completion status, this equipment state identification code is hexadecimal values 0x4E534D53.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of main frame of the present invention reads a kind of method of data and main frame method to memory device write data from memory device, order is carried out based on USBBulk agreement between main frame and memory device, command response, the transmission of data and order completion status, the read command response sended over by host waits memory device or write order response, receive read data from memory device or send to memory device again and write data, avoid main frame and adopt the problem that can cause data from overflow and loss during data stream transmitting mode, under the prerequisite ensureing readwrite performance, at utmost improve the compatibility of memory device and main frame.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of memory controller application of the present invention schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is a kind of memory controller cut-away view of the present invention
Fig. 3 is that a kind of main frame of the present invention reads the method flow diagram of data from memory device
Fig. 4 is the method flow diagram of a kind of main frame of the present invention to memory device write data
Wherein:
1 main frame 2 host interface unit
3 command process unit 4 data processing units
5 memory interface unit 6 storeies
7 memory controller 8 memory devices
3001 read command 3002 read command responses
3003 read command completion status 3004 write orders
3005 write orders respond 3006 write order completion statuses
4001 read datas 4002 write data
R1 read command receives step R2 read command response of step
R3 read data forwarding step R4 read data feedback step
R5 read command completing steps
W1 write order receives step W2 write order response of step
W3 writes data sending step W4 and writes data back step
W5 write order completing steps
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment in accompanying drawing, from memory device, the method for data is read to main frame of the present invention, main frame is described further to the method for memory device write data and memory controller.
As shown in Figure 1, main frame and the mutual method of storage device data comprise main frame and read the method for data from memory device and main frame writes the method for data to memory device, a kind of memory controller 7 of the present invention comprises host interface unit 2, command process unit 3, data processing unit 4 and memory interface unit 5, host interface unit 2 is connected to main frame 1, memory interface unit 5 is connected to storer 6, wherein host interface unit 2 is apple lightning (Lightning) interface unit, memory interface unit 5 is embedded multi-media card (eMMC) interface unit, storer 6 is embedded multi-media card (eMMC).In other embodiments, host interface unit 2 can also be USB (universal serial bus) (USB) interface unit, memory interface unit 5 can also be store (UFS) interface unit or series hard-disk (SATA) interface unit with NOT-AND flash memory (NandFlash) interface unit, safe digital card (SD) interface unit, Common Flash Memory, and storer 6 can also be store (UFS), mechanical hard disk (HDD) or solid state hard disc (SSD) with NOT-AND flash memory (NandFlash), safe digital card (SD), Common Flash Memory.
USB interface is one of most widely used electronic equipment interfaces.USB defines four kinds of host-host protocols, Control host-host protocol (ControlTransfer), Isochronous host-host protocol (IsochronousTransfer), Interrupt host-host protocol and Bulk host-host protocol (BulkTransfer).Because Bulk host-host protocol can ensure the correctness that data are transmitted, and because be data cell with long data block, high-transmission efficiency can be provided, so widespread use on a storage device.
Lightning interface (Lightning) is the special interface type of a kind of apple IOS mobile phone plane plate.Apple has issued lightning connector standards in September, 2012, for substituting 30 pin connectors of its previous generation.Lightning interface adopts 8 stitch designs, supporting interface " positive anti-plug " function.In order at utmost improve the quality of accessory product thus ensure that user obtains best Consumer's Experience, apple is also proposed MFI (MadeforiPhone/iPod/iPad) certification scheme, product for third party's accessory manufacturers produce carries out a series of authentication test code, comprise the hardware to product, software, outward appearance, power consumption etc. parameter carries out very harsh test.Lightning interface is when coordinating the IOS of Apple to use connection memory device, the transmission of its basic data block is also based on USBBulk host-host protocol, but be data stream transmitting mode in logic, be order, data or status information do not distinguish packet format, transmit according to the mode of serial data stream without exception.Prior art often can cause spilling and the loss of data due to the traffic transmission characteristic of IOS, and data are transmitted can not normally be completed,
Non-linear macroelement pattern is adopted with NOT-AND flash memory (NandFlash) inside, the realization stored for solid-state large-capacity provides cheap effective solution, it is larger that Nand Flash memorizer has capacity, the advantages such as rewriting speed is fast, the shortcoming of NandFlash device does not provide data error correcting and bad block management function at device itself, needs outside controller to provide corresponding function.
Embedded multi-media card is the literal translation title of EmbeddedMultiMediaCard, be called for short eMMC, eMMC is a kind of memory device for embedded system, be generally used for panel computer, on the mobile devices such as mobile phone, store for data, eMMC is packaged together by Nand Flash memorizer part and controller chip in essence and forms, encapsulation adopts BGA mode, controller chip in eMMC completes changes (FTL) to the address of Nand Flash memorizer part, wear leveling, garbage reclamation, bad block management (BBM), the functions such as error correcting (ECC), unified access interface is provided to upper strata and shields the operation of bottom, eMMC interface protocol is formulated by solid state technology association (JEDEC), version is eMMC4.3 the earliest, centre experienced by eMMC4.41, eMMC4.51, latest edition is eMMC5.1, the transmission speed of 400 megabyte (MB/s) per second can be provided.
Common Flash Memory is stored as the literal translation title of UniversalFlashStorage, be called for short UFS, UFS is used to the NandFlash new interface standard taking over eMMC interface protocol, be mainly used on smart mobile phone and panel computer or the device such as digital camera and mobile storage, become the main application standard of embedded medium, UFS standard is formulated by solid state technology association (JEDEC) equally, wherein the transfer rate of UFS1.0 version is 300 megabyte (MB/s) per second, and the transfer rate of up-to-date UFS2.0 version can reach 600 megabyte (MB/s) per second.
Safe digital card (SD) is a kind of memory device based on NandFlash, and it is widely used on mobile device, such as digital camera, smart mobile phone and multimedia player etc.Safe digital card is packaged together by Nand Flash memorizer part and controller chip and forms SD card, its controller chip function and eMMC similar.Because the restriction of volume on the equipment such as smart mobile phone, the general SD card using small package, is also TF card.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, command process unit 3 receives data operation commands by host interface unit 2 from main frame 1, data operation commands comprises write order 3004 and read command 3001, data operation commands is sent to storer 6 by memory interface unit 5 by command process unit 3, data processing unit 4 writes data 4002 by host interface unit 2 from main frame 1 reception, data processing unit 4 writes data 4002 by memory interface unit 5 to storer 6 transmission, data processing unit 4 receives read data 4001 by memory interface unit 5 from storer 6, data processing unit 4 sends read data 4001 by host interface unit 2 to main frame 1.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, command process unit 3 is responsible for judging that data operation commands is write order 3004 or read command 3001, if be read command 3001, command process unit 3 transmits forward direction main frame 1 at read data 4001 and sends read command response 3002 and send read command completion status 3003 to main frame 1 after read data 4001 is transmitted, if be write order 3004, transmit forward direction main frame 1 and send write order response 3005 and send write order completion status 3006 to main frame 1 writing after data 4002 are transmitted writing data 4002.Read command 3001, read command response 3002, read data 4001 and read command completion status 3003 are transmitted based on USBBulk host-host protocol, write order 3004, write order response 3005, write data 4002 and write order completion status 3006 is also transmit based on USBBulk host-host protocol.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a kind of main frame of the present invention reads the method for data from memory device, and memory device 8 comprises memory controller 7 and storer 6, and main frame 1 is connected to memory controller 7, memory controller 7 is connected to storer 6, and the flow process that main frame 1 reads data from memory device 8 is as follows:
Read command forwarding step R1, the command process unit 3 in memory controller 7, by host interface unit 2, receives the read command 3001 sent from main frame 1;
Read command response of step R2, the command process unit 3 in memory controller 7, by host interface unit 2, sends read command response 3002 to main frame 1, and by read command 3001 by memory interface unit 5, is sent to storer 6;
Read data forwarding step R3, storer 6, by memory interface unit 5, sends read data 4001 to the data processing unit 4 in memory controller 7;
Read data feedback step R4, the data processing unit 4 in memory controller 7, by host interface unit 2, sends read data 4001 to main frame 1;
Read command completing steps R5, read data 4001 is transmitted the command process unit 3 in rear memory controller 7, by host interface unit 2, sends read command completion status 3003 to main frame 1.
Above-mentioned read command 3001, read command response 3002, read data 4001 and read command completion status 3003 are transmitted based on USBBulk host-host protocol.
Main frame 1 need wait for the read command response 3002 that memory device 8 sends over, just can receive read data 4001 from memory device 8, the device command identification code that length is four bytes is comprised in read command 3001, this device command identification code is hexadecimal values 0x4E534D43, comprise the equipment state identification code that length is four bytes in read command completion status 3003, this equipment state identification code is hexadecimal values 0x4E534D53.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 4, a kind of main frame of the present invention is to the method for memory device write data, described memory device 8 comprises memory controller 7 and storer 6, main frame 1 is connected to memory controller 7, memory controller 7 is connected to storer 6, and the flow process that main frame 1 writes data to memory device 8 is as follows:
Write order forwarding step W1, the command process unit 3 in memory controller 7, by host interface unit 2, the write order 3004 that Receiving Host 1 sends;
Write order response of step W2, the command process unit 3 in memory controller 7, by host interface unit 2, sends write order response 3005 to main frame 1, and by memory interface unit 5, write order 3004 is sent to storer 6;
Write data sending step W3, main frame 1, by host interface unit 2, to the data processing unit 4 in memory controller 7, send and write data 4002;
Write data back step W4, the data processing unit 4 in memory controller 7, by memory interface unit 5, send to storer 6 and write data 4002;
Write order completing steps W5, writes data 4002 and is transmitted command process unit 3 in rear memory controller 7, by host interface unit 2, send write order completion status 3006 to main frame 1.
Above-mentioned write order 3004, write order response 3005, write data 4002 and write order completion status 3006 is transmitted based on USBBulk host-host protocol.
Main frame 1 need wait for the write order response 3005 that memory device 8 sends over, just can send to memory device 8 and write data 4002, the device command identification code that length is four bytes is comprised in write order 3004, this device command identification code is hexadecimal values 0x4E534D43, comprise the equipment state identification code that length is four bytes in write order completion status 3006, this equipment state identification code is hexadecimal values 0x4E534D53.
Along with mobile device main frame function from strength to strength, its built-in memory capacity can not meet the demand of user far away, especially the ios device (iPhone and iPad etc.) of Apple's release, its minimum built-in memory capacity is only 16GB, increasing external USB mass-memory unit occurs commercially, IOS uses USBBulk agreement to carry out the transmission of basic data block, but be data stream transmitting mode in logic, no matter be order, data or status information do not distinguish packet format, transmit according to the mode of serial data stream without exception, prior art often can cause spilling and the loss of data due to the traffic transmission characteristic of IOS, data are transmitted can not normally complete.A kind of main frame of the present invention and storage device data exchange method and a kind of memory controller, on the transmission basis of carrying out order, command response, data and order completion status based on USBBulk agreement, the read command response sended over by host waits memory device or write order response, receive read data from memory device or send to memory device again and write data, avoid main frame and adopt the problem that can cause data from overflow and loss during data stream transmitting mode, under the prerequisite ensureing readwrite performance, at utmost improve the compatibility of memory device and main frame.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not any pro forma restriction is made to the present invention; the protection domain of request of the present invention is when being as the criterion with the content described in claims; every above embodiment is done according to technical spirit of the present invention all simple change, equivalent replace or decompose merge, within the request protection domain all still belonging to technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. a main frame reads the method for data from memory device, memory device (8) comprises memory controller (7) and storer (6), main frame (1) is connected to memory controller (7), memory controller (7) is connected to storer (6), it is characterized in that: the flow process that described main frame (1) reads data from memory device (8) is as follows:
Read command receives step (R1), and memory controller (7) receives the read command (3001) sent from main frame (1);
Read command response of step (R2), memory controller (7) sends read command response (3002) to main frame (1) and read command (3001) is sent to storer (6);
Read data forwarding step (R3), storer (6) sends read data (4001) to memory controller (7);
Read data feedback step (R4), memory controller (7) sends read data (4001) to main frame (1);
Read command completing steps (R5), read data (4001) is transmitted rear memory controller (7) and sends read command completion status (3003) to main frame (1);
Described read command (3001), read command response (3002), read data (4001) and read command completion status (3003) are transmitted based on USBBulk host-host protocol.
2. a kind of main frame according to claim 1 reads the method for data from memory device, it is characterized in that: described main frame (1) need be waited for and read command response (3002) that memory device (8) sends over just receive read data (4001) from memory device (8).
3. a kind of main frame according to claim 1 reads the method for data from memory device, it is characterized in that: described storer (6) optionally for safe digital card, embedded multi-media card, generic flash memory, with NOT-AND flash memory, mechanical hard disk and solid state hard disc.
4. a kind of main frame according to claim 1 reads the method for data from memory device, it is characterized in that: comprise the device command identification code that length is four bytes in described read command (3001), this device command identification code is hexadecimal values 0x4E534D43.
5. a kind of main frame according to claim 1 reads the method for data from memory device, it is characterized in that: comprise the equipment state identification code that length is four bytes in described read command completion status (3003), this equipment state identification code is hexadecimal values 0x4E534D53.
6. a main frame is to the method for memory device write data, memory device (8) comprises memory controller (7) and storer (6), main frame (1) is connected to memory controller (7), memory controller (7) is connected to storer (6), it is characterized in that: described main frame (1) is as follows to the flow process of memory device (8) write data:
Write order receives step (W1), and memory controller (7) receives the write order (3004) sent from main frame (1);
Write order response of step W2) memory controller (7) sends write order response (3005) write order (3004) is sent to storer (6) to main frame (1);
Write data sending step (W3), main frame (1) sends to memory controller (7) and writes data (4002);
Write data back step (W4), memory controller (7) sends to storer (6) and writes data (4002);
Write order completing steps (W5), writes data (4002) and is transmitted rear memory controller (7) to main frame (1) transmission write order completion status (3006);
Described write order (3004), write order response (3005), write data (4002) and write order completion status (3006) is transmitted based on USBBulk host-host protocol.
7. a kind of main frame according to claim 6 is to the method for memory device write data, it is characterized in that: described main frame (1) need wait for write order response (3005) that memory device (8) sends over, just send to memory device (8) and write data (4002).
8. a kind of main frame according to claim 6 to memory device write data method, it is characterized in that: described storer (6) optionally for safe digital card, embedded multi-media card, generic flash memory, with NOT-AND flash memory, mechanical hard disk and solid state hard disc.
9. a kind of main frame according to claim 6 is to the method for memory device write data, it is characterized in that: comprise the device command identification code that length is four bytes in described write order (3004), this device command identification code is hexadecimal values 0x4E534D43.
10. a kind of main frame according to claim 6 is to the method for memory device write data, it is characterized in that: comprise the equipment state identification code that length is four bytes in described write order completion status (3006), this equipment state identification code is hexadecimal values 0x4E534D53.
11. 1 kinds of memory controllers, comprise host interface unit (2), command process unit (3), data processing unit (4) and memory interface unit (5), host interface unit (2) is connected to main frame (1), memory interface unit (5) is connected to storer (6), command process unit (3) receives data operation commands by host interface unit (2) from main frame (1), data operation commands comprises write order (3004) and read command (3001), data operation commands is sent to storer (6) by memory interface unit (5) by command process unit (3), data processing unit (4) writes data (4002) by host interface unit (2) from main frame (1) reception, data processing unit (4) writes data (4002) by memory interface unit (5) to storer (6) transmission, data processing unit (4) receives read data (4001) by memory interface unit (5) from storer (6), data processing unit (4) sends read data (4001) by host interface unit (2) to main frame (1), it is characterized in that:
Described command process unit (3) being responsible for judges that data operation commands is write order (3004) or read command (3001), when for read command (3001), command process unit (3) sends read command response (3002) at read data (4001) transmission forward direction main frame (1) and is transmitted backward main frame (1) at read data (4001) and sends read command completion status (3003), when for write order (3004), write data (4002) transmission forward direction main frame (1) send write order response (3005) and write data (4002) be transmitted backward main frame (1) send write order completion status (3006),
Described read command (3001), read command response (3002), read data (4001) and read command completion status (3003) are transmitted based on USBBulk host-host protocol,
Described write order (3004), write order response (3005), write data (4002) and write order completion status (3006) is transmitted based on USBBulk host-host protocol.
12. a kind of memory controllers according to claim 11, is characterized in that: described host interface unit (2) selects one for apple lightning interface unit and USB (universal serial bus) unit.
13. a kind of memory controllers according to claim 11, is characterized in that: described memory interface unit (5) optionally for safe digital card interface unit, embedded multi-media card interface unit, Common Flash Memory storage interface unit, with NOT-AND flash memory interface unit and serial hard disk interface unit.
14. a kind of memory controllers according to claim 11, is characterized in that: described memory controller (7) realizes with integrated circuit (IC) chip form.
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Application publication date: 20151202 |