CN105114188A - Self-adaptive step-by-step speed regulation method for diesel engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive step-by-step speed regulation method for a diesel engine. The method comprises the follow steps: S1, obtaining the initial driving step number of a stepping motor of the diesel engine in the current gear, and driving the stepping motor to the initial driving step number; S2, monitoring the actual speed of the diesel engine, and judging whether the error between the actual speed and the preset target speed of the diesel engine at the current gear is larger than the preset threshold value or not; if yes, going to S3; if not, going to S4; S3, calculating the driving step number of the stepping motor, adjusting the driving step number of the stepping motor of the diesel engine in the current gear, and going to S2; S4, storing the driving step number of the stepping motor of the diesel engine in the current gear to a step-by-step speed regulation system for the diesel engine. When the speed of the diesel engine does not conform to the standard, the method can quickly and accurately automatically regulate the speed, and meet the overall performance requirements of the diesel engine, the control effect is good, debugging is convenient , and the diesel engine is economic and durable.

Description

A kind of self adaption diesel engine step speed-adjusting method

Technical field

The present invention relates to diesel engine speed regulation control field, particularly relate to a kind of adaptive diesel engine of diesel locomotive step speed-adjusting method.

Background technique

At present, internal microcomputer controls diesel engine step speed-adjusting system mainly by the gear of controller regulating speed diesel oil machine, corresponding angular displacement is there is in microcomputer according to the gear control step motor of diesel engine, the lifting of speed-setting piston is controlled by combined regulator, thus change the pretightening force of governor spring, there is corresponding change in the equipment that governor spring rear end is connected, the position of speed governing draw bar, control the fuel delivery of diesel engine, reach the object regulating diesel engine speed.

In working control, because of the non-linear tower spring that governor spring is parameter similar, parameter between different governor spring is also not exclusively the same, thus cause same diesel engine to occur error at the rotating speed of different gear, or adopt the different diesel engines of identical control system also to there is error at the rotating speed of same gear, need to revise.Method conventional at present mainly contains:

1, change governor spring, but it is complicated to change Comparision, simultaneously due to the reason of process aspect can not ensure to change after just can immediately deal with problems.

2, according to the debugging situation of locomotive, former CPU software drives step number according to gear amendment, strengthens or reduce the pretightening force of governor spring, corresponding raising or reduction diesel engine speed, but when number of locomotives is many, easily causes microcomputer software version chaotic, safeguard after inconvenient.

3, electric control box and stepper motor straight-tooth driving mechanism is installed additional, such as: by transformation circuit, allow the given instruction of the speed governing of driver controller and its speed-regulating handle place gear scribe line position linear, rotate controller handle, namely speed-regulating instruction is changed, and the corresponding stepper motor steps of this instruction or angle of swing, and then change diesel injection pump fuel-flow control handle position by the debugging mechanism of driven by motor, thus realize the adjustment of diesel engine speed.This method increases financial cost and workload, and is want manual operation, cumbersome.

4, by PC interface, the step number of each gear is set over the display, CPU software is passed to by communication, but when display device has problem or communicates abnormal, just inconvenient, revise step number over the display in addition, can not ensure once all right, after of long duration in addition, locomotive equipment has certain loss, the value of setting is in the past not necessarily always accurate, also needs continuous correction.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is just: the technical problem existed for prior art, the invention provides a kind of when diesel engine speed does not meet standard, can automatically adjust fast, accurately, meet the requirement of diesel engine overall performance, control effects be good, debugging is convenient, the self application diesel engine step speed-adjusting method of economy and durability.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technological scheme that the present invention proposes is: a kind of self application diesel engine step speed-adjusting method, comprises the following steps:

S1. the initial driving step number U of diesel engine at current gear stepper motor is obtained _n, and Driving Stepping Motor is to U _nstep;

S2. monitor the actual speed S of diesel engine, judge described actual speed and the diesel engine goal-selling rotating speed S in current gear _tbetween error whether be greater than default threshold value, be greater than, jump to step S3, otherwise jump to step S4;

S3. according to the driving step number of formulae discovery stepper motor formula (1) Suo Shi, and the driving step number adjusting stepper motor walks to U, jumps to step S2;

$U=P\×e\left(k\right)+I\×\underset{i=0}{\overset{k}{\Σ}}e\left(i\right)+D\×\left(e\right(k)-e(k-1\left)\right)+U_N---\left(1\right)$

In formula (1), U is the driving step number of current gear stepper motor, and P is default scaling factor, and e (k) is for diesel engine is at current gear rotating speed desired value S _twith the difference of actual speed S, I is integral coefficient, and D is differential coefficient, U _nthe initial driving step number of current gear stepper motor;

S4. the driving step number of diesel engine at current gear stepper motor is stored to diesel engine step speed-adjusting system.

As a further improvement on the present invention, the concrete steps stating step S1 are:

S1.1a. the value U stored in diesel engine step speed-adjusting system is read _n;

S1.2a. Driving Stepping Motor is to U _nstep.

As a further improvement on the present invention, the concrete steps of described step S1 are:

S1.1b. the initial driving step number U of rule of thumb theoretical calculation M shelves stepper motor _m, M is the maximum figure place of diesel engine;

S1.2b. according to the initial driving step number U of formulae discovery formula (2) Suo Shi at current gear stepper motor _n,

U _N＝U _M/M×N(2)

In formula (2), U _nfor diesel engine is in the initial driving step number of current gear stepper motor, U _mbe the initial driving step number of M shelves stepper motor, M is the maximum figure place of diesel engine, and N is diesel engine current gear number;

S1.3b. Driving Stepping Motor is to U _nstep.

In the present invention, the driving step number of stepper motor is integer step, formula (1) and middle U and U of formula (2) _nvalue be the integer value of result of calculation.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1, control effects of the present invention is good, and compared with debud mode in the past, after using the present invention, owing to adopting more advanced PID (proportion integration differentiation) to regulate, diesel engine speed application condition is little.

2, debugging is convenient, during diesel engine speed debugging of the present invention, automatically regulates, and regulates step number according to circumstances rapidly, once change, regulates in real time, does not need manual operation to revise, can also prevent from artificially makeing mistakes because of carelessness.

3, economy and durability, uses the present invention additionally to increase input, and than transformation circuit, changes hardware and saves time, increases third party software amendment, convenient, economical and practical.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is self adaption diesel engine step speed-adjusting method flow diagram of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with Figure of description and concrete preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but protection domain not thereby limiting the invention.

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of self adaption diesel engine of the present invention step speed-adjusting method, its specific implementation process is as follows:

In the present embodiment, if the maximum figure place M of diesel engine is 16 grades, be 900 steps at the empirical theory estimated value of the initial driving step number of this gear stepper motor, after diesel engine starting, when gear changes, the adaptive speed regulation process of stepper motor is:

Diesel engine controller gear is adjusted to N shelves, obtains the initial driving step number of stepper motor in accordance with the following steps and Driving Stepping Motor:

S1.1a. the value U stored in diesel engine step speed-adjusting system is read _n;

S1.2a. Driving Stepping Motor is to U _nstep.

When not storing this value in diesel engine step speed-adjusting system, then calculate the initial driving step number U of progressive motor by step below _n;

The initial driving step number U of S1.1b, rule of thumb theoretical calculation M shelves stepper motor _m=900, M=16 is the maximum figure place of diesel engine;

S1.2b. according to the initial driving step number U of formulae discovery formula (2) Suo Shi at current gear stepper motor _n,

U _N＝U _M/M×N(2)

In formula (2), U _nfor diesel engine is in the initial driving step number of current gear stepper motor, U _mbe the initial driving step number of M shelves stepper motor, M is the maximum figure place of diesel engine, and N is diesel engine current gear number, and the driving step number of stepper motor can only walk for integer, U _nvalue be the integer value of formula (2);

S1.3b. Driving Stepping Motor is to U _nstep.

In the present embodiment, if current gear is 10 grades, then the initial driving step number of stepper motor is: U ₁₀=900/16 × 10=562.

In the present embodiment, realized driving stepper motor to U by Driving Stepping Motor forward or backwards _nstep, namely when diesel engine is increased to this gear by low grade, the some steps of positive direction actuation stepper motor, when diesel engine is down to this grade by top grade, then the some steps of reverse direction actuation progress motor.

Because of the error that diesel engine control system exists, thus the rotating speed of target of diesel engine speed and this gear can be caused inconsistent, need to adjust the rotating speed of diesel engine further, in the present embodiment, adopt adaptive adjustable strategies, its concrete adjusting method is:

S2. monitor the actual speed S of diesel engine, judge described actual speed and the diesel engine goal-selling rotating speed S in current gear _tbetween error whether be greater than default threshold value, be greater than, jump to step S3, otherwise jump to step S4;

S3. according to the driving step number of formulae discovery stepper motor formula (1) Suo Shi, and to adjust diesel engine in the driving step number of current gear stepper motor be U, jumps to step S2;

$U=P\×e\left(k\right)+I\×\underset{i=0}{\overset{k}{\Σ}}e\left(i\right)+D\×\left(e\right(k)-e(k-1\left)\right)+U_N---\left(1\right)$

In formula (1), U is the driving step number of current gear stepper motor, and P is default scaling factor, and e (k) is for diesel engine is at current gear rotating speed desired value S _twith the difference of actual speed S, I is integral coefficient, and D is differential coefficient, U _nfor the initial driving step number of current gear stepper motor, as k=1, e (k-1)=0.

S4. the driving step number of diesel engine at current gear stepper motor is stored to diesel engine step speed-adjusting system.

In the present embodiment, adaptive adjusting method adopts PID (proportion integration differentiation) control algorithm, by the rotating speed of Real-Time Monitoring diesel engine, when when the diesel engine speed real-time monitored and diesel engine, the error between the rotating speed of target of this gear is greater than default threshold value, system adjusts with regard to the automatic driving step number to progressive motor, increase or reduce and drive step number accordingly, until the rotating speed of diesel engine reaches the requirement of system after adjustment, namely the error of monitoring between rotating speed and rotating speed of target is less than default threshold value, and the driving step number of now stepper motor is stored in diesel engine step speed-adjusting system, directly use is transferred when entering this gear next time for diesel engine.

In the present embodiment; losing the impact of step to reduce in Step Motor speed process, coordinating the normal work of speed regulator; after controller speed-regulating handle returns " 0 " gear or locomotive unloading protecting; microcomputer software can drive residue step number by Driving Stepping Motor; namely driving stepper motor step number gets back to 0 step, and then Driving Stepping Motor power-off.

Above-mentioned just preferred embodiment of the present invention, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention.Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but and be not used to limit the present invention.Therefore, every content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to the technology of the present invention essence to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all should drop in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.

Claims (3)

1. a self adaption diesel engine step speed-adjusting method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:

S1. the initial driving step number U of diesel engine at current gear stepper motor is obtained _n, and Driving Stepping Motor is to U _nstep;

S2. monitor the actual speed S of diesel engine, judge described actual speed and the diesel engine goal-selling rotating speed S in current gear _tbetween error whether be greater than default threshold value, be greater than, jump to step S3, otherwise jump to step S4;

S3. according to the driving step number of formulae discovery stepper motor formula (1) Suo Shi, and the driving step number adjusting stepper motor walks to U, jumps to step S2;

$U=P\×e\left(k\right)+I\×\underset{i=0}{\overset{k}{\Σ}}e\left(i\right)+D\×\left(e\right(k)-e(k-1\left)\right)+U_N---\left(1\right)$

In formula (1), U is the driving step number of current gear stepper motor, and P is default scaling factor, and e (k) is for diesel engine is at current gear rotating speed desired value S _twith the difference of actual speed S, I is integral coefficient, and D is differential coefficient, U _nthe initial driving step number of current gear stepper motor;

S4. the driving step number of diesel engine at current gear stepper motor is stored to diesel engine step speed-adjusting system.

2. self adaption diesel engine step speed-adjusting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the concrete steps of described step S1 are:

S1.1a. the value U stored in diesel engine step speed-adjusting system is read _n;

S1.2a. Driving Stepping Motor is to U _nstep.

3. self adaption diesel engine step speed-adjusting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the concrete steps of described step S1 are:

S1.1b. the initial driving step number U of rule of thumb theoretical calculation M shelves stepper motor _m, M is the maximum figure place of diesel engine;

S1.2b. according to the initial driving step number U of formulae discovery formula (2) Suo Shi at current gear stepper motor _n,

U _N＝U _M/M×N(2)

In formula (2), U _nfor diesel engine is in the initial driving step number of current gear stepper motor, U _mbe the initial driving step number of M shelves stepper motor, M is the maximum figure place of diesel engine, and N is diesel engine current gear number;

S1.3b. Driving Stepping Motor is to U _nstep.