CN105102936B - 流量传感器及设备 - Google Patents

流量传感器及设备 Download PDF

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CN105102936B
CN105102936B CN201380070089.2A CN201380070089A CN105102936B CN 105102936 B CN105102936 B CN 105102936B CN 201380070089 A CN201380070089 A CN 201380070089A CN 105102936 B CN105102936 B CN 105102936B
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CN105102936A (zh
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G.A.阿当斯
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Smiths Medical International Ltd
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Abstract

一种气体流量传感器(1)，如用于呼吸管(120)或对流加热毯(40)，包括支承压电元件(11)的硬的不失柔性的矩形基底(10)。基底(10)安装在其下游端(15)处，且在气流(2)中对准，以便其自由端(16)经由气流向上和向下振动。这使基底(10)和压电元件(11)弯曲，以便其将具有取决于气流速率的振幅交变的输出提供至处理器(20)。处理器(20)将表现气流速率的输出提供至显示器(3)。

Description

流量传感器及设备
技术领域
本发明涉及流量传感器及包括流量传感器的设备。
本发明更具体地关于气体流量传感器，尤其是但非排他地用于医疗应用。
背景技术
存在许多不同形式的流量传感器，如，热丝风速计，其中通过传感器的气流增加在丝上产生增大的冷却效应，使置于气流中的叶片装置旋转，以便取决于气流速率使叶片装置经由流动气体以一定速率来旋转；以及置于与流动正交的弯曲装置，以便它们取决于由流动气体施加的压力偏转一定程度。例如，在US7337678、US4989456、KR201220135663和US2012318383中描述了前述流量传感器的实例。医疗设备行业中存在许多应用，其需要得到低成本气流测量装置，如，用于控制、监测或报警目的。当前可用的气体流量传感器趋于过于昂贵而不容易接受，尤其是在单次使用的装置中。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种备选的流量传感器。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种流量传感器，其特征在于，传感器包括柔性的长形压电部件、与流动通路中的流动方向大体上对准来安装压电部件的支承件，其中压电部件的一端支承在且位于相对端的下游，使得压电部件的相对端在流动中自由振动，且传感器包括处理器，以用于从压电部件接收电输出，且提供表示取决于压电部件的振动的流量的输出。
压电部件可布置成经由沿流动通路流动的流体振动。处理器可由压电部件的输出供能。处理器可包括附加的传感器，如，温度传感器或压力传感器，其也由压电部件的输出供能。作为备选，压电部件可由处理器驱动来振动，振动根据通过传感器的流体流速改变。压电部件可包括硬的不失柔性的基底和附接到其上的压电元件，使得压电元件通过弯曲基底来弯曲。压电元件可为矩形，具有布置成面对流动上游的钝边缘。传感器可包括面对相反方向的两个压电部件。处理器可由无线传输来提供输出。传感器可包括显示器，且处理器可提供输出至显示器。处理器可提供输出至反馈控制器，反馈控制器布置成控制沿流动通路的流速，以便保持大致恒定的流速。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种医疗通气设备，其包括呼吸气流管，其特征在于，该设备包括根据本发明的以上一个方面的流量传感器，且处理器布置成提供表现沿管的气体流量的输出。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种医疗温度管理设备，包括受控温度下的空气源、以及将来自源的空气输送至患者的导管，其特征在于，该设备包括位于导管中的根据本发明的以上一个方面的流量传感器，且处理器布置成提供表现沿导管的空气流速的输出。
空气源优选包括热空气送风机，且设备可包括与导管连接的可充气毯。由处理器提供的输出可布置成控制空气源，以便保持输送至患者的空气的大致恒定的流动。
附图说明
现在通过举例参照附图来描述根据本发明的空气流量传感器和将其使用于其中的医疗设备，在附图中：
图1示意性地示出了医疗通气设备的一部分中的传感器；
图2示出了对流加热系统中的传感器；以及
图3示出了具有面对相反方向的两个压电元件的备选传感器。
具体实施方式
首先参看图1，示出了定位在气流2中且提供输出至使用器件3(如显示器或控制单元)的流量传感器1。气流2可在呼吸气流管120内。流量传感器1包括硬的但不失柔性的如聚碳酸酯的长形平面基底10，以及连结或以其他方式附接到基底的上表面上的膜元件11形式的压电部件。压电膜11为矩形，且略小于基底10，膜相对较薄，以便其比基底柔性更大。膜11具有一个边缘14处的两个端子12和13，通过其，电信号供应往返于压电元件。基底10在一端15处安装有处理单元20形式的支承件，以便基底的长度远离处理单元延伸，且其相对端16自由且未受支承。自由端16具有面对气流的钝边缘17。压电元件11的边缘14位于基底10的支承端15处，且两个端子12和13进行与处理单元20的电连接。压电元件11布置成以便在基底10的自由端16向上或向下移位时，压电元件在与元件平面成直角的平面中弯曲。这引起压电元件11伸展或收缩，且从而产生跨越两个端子12和13的交变的输出电压。该输出电压施加到处理单元20上。
连同压电膜11以及处理单元20的基底10安装在气流通路2中，与气流方向大体上对准，且其中基底10的支承端15相对于未支承端16定位在下游。基底10的钝边缘17和其厚度、材料、长度和宽度选择成使得与层合压电膜11组合，其具有期望的柔性，以便引起其自由端16经由通过传感器1的气流向上和向下翻动，或颤动。气流的速率变化将引起颤动的幅度的对应变化，且因此还引起来自压电元件11的输出电压中的对应变化。输出电压为交变信号，其具有等于基底的振动频率的频率，以及随振幅变化的幅度。处理单元20优选由来自压电元件11的电压供能，使得传感器1自己供能。处理单元20可包括附加传感器23，如，温度传感器或压力传感器，其也由压电元件11供能。处理单元20产生表现气流速率的输出信号，且将其经由线缆21或通过无线链接22(如通过蓝牙射频协议)供应至使用器件3。使用器件3可为显示器、在流速在设置极限外时产生信号的报警器、记录器、或布置成控制气流源来保持恒定水平的反馈控制器。
在上文所述的布置中，压电元件经由流过元件的空气或其他气体振动。在备选布置中，压电元件可电性地驱动来振动，且处理单元将布置成在元件振动时监测空气流过元件的效果。此布置将需要电功率源，但在某些情形中有利，如，在低流速下。
在传感器需要响应于双向气流的情况下，其可设有沿相反方向从支承处理单元120突出的两个压电元件111和211，以便沿一个方向"A"的气流引起一个元件111颤动，且沿相反方向"B"的气流引起另一个元件211颤动。
气体流量传感器可以以很低的成本制造，使得有可能将其结合到之前不可能的产品中，如，一次性的单次使用的医疗装置中。具体而言，传感器可包括在医疗通气设备中的呼吸气流管120中，以提供沿管的气体流量的输出指示。可提供自主供能的无线传感器，其不需要外部电连接。
图2示出了用于患者的对流加热布置，其包括加热毯40，如，史密斯医疗(SmithsMedical)以Snuggle Warm®为商标销售的类型，其具有空气入口41和在面对患者的一侧上的多个小空气出口孔42。供应至入口41的热空气使毯40充气，且从孔42稳定地流出来保持期望的患者体温。热空气经由柔性导管43供应至毯40，柔性导管43在一端处连接到空气入口41上且在其相对端处连接到热空气送风机44上，如，类似于可从史密斯医疗获得的Equator®送风机。根据本发明的空气流量传感器1''朝导管的毯端安装在导管43的开孔中。传感器1''定向成压电元件11'的自由端朝送风机44面向上游。该布置中的传感器1''具有电线缆21''(尽管其可为无线装置)，其从传感器沿导管43内侧延伸，且与送风机44中的改进的控制单元45连接，以便提供报警功能或反馈功能来保持设置的流速。方便的是，在此应用中，流量传感器将结合对流加热布置中当前使用的类型的温度传感器，以确保毯上保持正确温度。迄今为止的空气流量传感器过于昂贵而不能在此应用中使用，但本发明的传感器可以以较低成本提供。
尽管流量传感器描述为用于测量气流，但有可能使用类似的传感器来监测其他流体如液体的流量。

Claims (8)

1.一种医疗通气设备，包括呼吸气流管(120)，其特征在于，所述设备包括流量传感器(1)，所述传感器(1)包括柔性的长形压电部件(10,11,111,211)、与所述气流管(120)中的流动方向大体上对准来安装所述压电部件的支承件(20,120)，其中一端(15)支承在且位于相对端(16)的下游，使得所述压电部件的相对端在所述流动中自由振动，且所述传感器包括处理器(20,120)，其用于从所述压电部件(10,11,111,211)接收电输出，且用于提供表示取决于所述压电部件振动的流量的输出，所述处理器(20,120)由所述压电部件(10,11,111,211)的输出供能。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述处理器(20,120)包括也由所述压电部件(10,11,111,211)的输出供能的附加传感器(23)，如温度传感器或压力传感器。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备，其特征在于，所述压电部件包括硬的不失柔性的基底(10)和附接到其上的压电元件(11)，使得所述压电元件通过使所述基底(10)弯曲来弯曲。
4.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述压电部件(10,11,111,211)为矩形，具有布置成面对所述流动(2)上游的钝边缘(17)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，传感器包括面对相反方向的两个压电部件(111,211)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述处理器(20,120)由无线传输提供输出(22)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，传感器包括显示器(3)，且所述处理器(20,120)将所述输出提供至所述显示器(3)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述处理器(20,120)提供所述输出至反馈控制器(3)，所述反馈控制器(3)布置成控制沿所述气流管(120)的流速，以便保持大致恒定的流速。
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