CN105089849B - Exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system - Google Patents
Exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105089849B CN105089849B CN201510430728.2A CN201510430728A CN105089849B CN 105089849 B CN105089849 B CN 105089849B CN 201510430728 A CN201510430728 A CN 201510430728A CN 105089849 B CN105089849 B CN 105089849B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system, including：Heat exchange unit, including at least one heat exchange module, described heat exchange module is used for the heat transfer of aerofluxuss to heat-conducting fluid；Thermoelectric unit, including at least one and described heat exchange module one-to-one thermoelectricity subelement, described thermoelectricity subelement includes at least one electrothermal module, and described electrothermal module is used for converting heat into electric energy in the presence of described heat-conducting fluid and cooling fluid；Power Management Unit, is connected with described thermoelectric unit, for receiving the electric energy of described electrothermal module output, and exports electric energy or storage electric energy.The present invention exchanges exhaust heat by heat-conducting fluid, realize thermo-electric conversion using thermo-electric device, using staged heat exchange module, and control the temperature of conduction oil further using control system, have the advantages that structure is simple, capacity usage ratio is high, energy conversion efficiency is high, noiseless, pollution-free, life-span length, little, the unit volume delivery of taking up room high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to exhaust heat utilizes technical field, more particularly, to a kind of exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system.
Background technology
Marine diesel exhaust heat contains the heat with effective mechanical equivalent, and recovery waste heat energy can improve fuel-economy
Performance.The exhaust heat being applied to marine diesel at present utilizes technology as follows：
(1) exhaust gas turbocharge：Aerofluxuss promote turbine, drive compressor work, realize plenum；Fuel oil is made to burn
Fully, improve power plant economy energy；But turbocharging can only utilize portion discharge waste heat, belong to high-speed moving part, make an uproar
Sound is larger, is not suitable for the ship of specific use, and the scope of application is narrower.
(2) utilizing waste heat for refrigeration：With heat energy as power, realize refrigeration using the conversion of certain medium states of matter.But utilizing waste heat for refrigeration structure
Complexity, volume is larger, and cost is high, on the ship of spaces compact, does not often have enough space mounting heat refrigeration apparatus.
(3) cogeneration：Waste-heat steam or driving electrical power generators.The defect of the method is utilization of energy product
Level is relatively low, and complex structure is heavy, and movement parts are complicated, safeguards complicated.
(4) improvement burning：Heated fuel oil, improves fuel oil combustibility.The method focuses on improvement burning, and does not have
Make full use of waste heat energy.
(5) waste heat boiler：Heating water medium produces saturated vapor post-heating fuel oil, lubricating oil.The defect of the method is to tie
Structure is heavy, and utilization rate of waste heat is relatively low.
Content of the invention
Brief overview with regard to the present invention is given below, to provide the basic reason with regard to certain aspects of the invention
Solution.It should be appreciated that this general introduction is not the exhaustive general introduction with regard to the present invention.It is not intended to determine the key of the present invention
Or pith, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention.Its purpose only provides some concepts in simplified form, with
This is as the preamble in greater detail discussed after a while.
The present invention provides the exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system that a kind of structure is simple, movement-less part, energy conversion links are few
System, and meet capacity usage ratio height, UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN scope further extensively and do not affect the demands such as diesel powered output.
The present invention provides a kind of exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system, including：
Heat exchange unit, including at least one heat exchange module, described heat exchange module is used for the heat transfer of aerofluxuss to heat conduction
Fluid；
Thermoelectric unit, including at least one and described heat exchange module one-to-one thermoelectricity subelement, described thermoelectron list
Unit includes at least one electrothermal module, and described electrothermal module is used for heat energy in the presence of described heat-conducting fluid and cooling fluid
It is converted into electric energy；And,
Power Management Unit, is connected with described thermoelectric unit, for receiving the electric energy of described electrothermal module output, and exports
Electric energy or storage electric energy.
The exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system that many embodiments of the present invention provide exchanges exhaust heat by heat-conducting fluid,
Realize thermo-electric conversion using thermo-electric device, thus meeting, marine diesel bootstrap system structure is simple, capacity usage ratio
High demand；
The exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system that many embodiments of the present invention provide does not contain moving component, has structure letter
List, noiseless, pollution-free, life-span length, take up room the advantages of little, unit volume delivery is high；
Some embodiments of the present invention adopt staged heat exchange module, fully reclaim the waste heat of aerofluxuss, are made using conduction oil
For heat-carrying agent, and control the temperature of conduction oil further using control system, make conduction oil temperature stabilization in electrothermal module
Optimum working temperature, thus realize the maximization of conversion efficiency of thermoelectric；
Heat energy is converted directly into electric energy by many embodiments of the present invention, decreases the intermediate link of energy conversion, improves
It is easy to application on the ship while capacity usage ratio.
Brief description
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention, can be more readily understood that the above of the present invention and its
Its objects, features and advantages.Part in accompanying drawing is intended merely to illustrate the principle of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings, identical or similar
Technical characteristic or part will be represented using same or similar reference.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the process principle figure of the exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals：
10 heat exchange units
30 thermoelectric units
50 Power Management Unit
11 heat exchange modules
12 high temperature heat exchange modules
13 middle temperature heat exchange modules
14 low-temperature heat exchange modules
31 thermoelectricity subelements
311 electrothermal modules
71 control modules
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention to be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.An accompanying drawing or a kind of embodiment of the present invention are retouched
The element stated and feature can be combined with the element shown in one or more other accompanying drawings or embodiment and feature.Should
Work as attention, for purposes of clarity, eliminate in accompanying drawing and explanation known to unrelated to the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Part and process expression and description.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system of the present embodiment includes：
Heat exchange unit 10, including at least one heat exchange module 11, described heat exchange module is used for giving the heat transfer of aerofluxuss
Heat-conducting fluid；
Thermoelectric unit 30, including at least one and the one-to-one thermoelectricity subelement 31 of heat exchange module 11, thermoelectricity subelement
31 include at least one electrothermal module 311, and electrothermal module 311 is used for heat in the presence of described heat-conducting fluid and cooling fluid
Electric energy can be converted into；
Power Management Unit 50, is connected with thermoelectric unit 30, for receiving the electric energy of electrothermal module 311 output, and exports
Electric energy or storage electric energy.
Specifically, as shown in figure 1, in the present embodiment, heat exchange unit 10 includes m heat exchange module 11, accordingly, thermoelectricity
Unit 30 includes m and the one-to-one thermoelectricity subelement of described m heat exchange module 11, and each thermoelectricity subelement includes n
The electrothermal module 311 of series connection, wherein, m is positive integer, and n is the positive integer more than 1.In some implementations, described heat-conducting fluid is
Conduction oil, described cooling fluid is cooling water.
When m is 1, aerofluxuss pass through heat exchange module 11 after entering heat exchange unit 10, and heat exchange module 11 is by the warm of described aerofluxuss
Amount passes to and flows through the heat-conducting fluid of itself, after described heat-conducting fluid absorbs heat, flows into corresponding thermoelectricity subelement 31, and according to
Secondary flow through the 11st electrothermal module, the 12nd electrothermal module ..., 1n electrothermal module, so that each electrothermal module is in the first heat-conducting fluid
With convert heat into electric energy in the presence of the first cooling fluid respectively.Power Management Unit 50 is connected with thermoelectricity subelement 31,
Receive the electric energy of each electrothermal module 311 output, and export the electric energy of rated power, or accumulator is charged thus storing electricity
Energy.
When m be more than 1 when, aerofluxuss enter heat exchange unit 10 after, by the first heat exchange module, the second heat exchange module ..., m
Heat exchange module, the heat transfer of described aerofluxuss is flowed through the heat-conducting fluid of itself by each heat exchange module 11.First heat-conducting fluid
Flow through after described first heat exchange module absorbs described exhaust gas heat, flow into corresponding first thermoelectricity subelement, and flow successively through the
11 electrothermal modules, the 12nd electrothermal module ..., 1n electrothermal module, so that each electrothermal module is cold in the first heat-conducting fluid and first
But convert heat into electric energy in the presence of fluid respectively.Similar, the electrothermal module 311 in each thermoelectricity subelement 31 respectively will
The heat energy of each heat-conducting fluid is converted into electric energy.Power Management Unit 50 is connected with each thermoelectricity subelement 31 respectively, receives each thermoelectricity
The electric energy of module 311 output, and export the electric energy of rated power, or accumulator is charged thus storing electric energy.
In a preferred embodiment, when heat exchange unit 10 includes multiple heat exchange module 11, the plurality of heat exchange module 11 is gone here and there
Connection connects, and described aerofluxuss flow through the heat exchange module 11 of described series connection successively.I.e. the first heat exchange module, the second heat exchange module ...,
M heat exchange module is connected in series, aerofluxuss pass sequentially through described first heat exchange module, the second heat exchange module ..., m heat exchange module.This
Preferred embodiment adopts staged heat exchange module, can make full use of the waste heat of aerofluxuss.
Fig. 2 is the process principle figure of the exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.As Fig. 2 institute
Show, in a preferred embodiment, high temperature heat exchange module 12 that heat exchange unit 10 includes being sequentially connected in series, middle temperature heat exchange module 13
With low-temperature heat exchange module 14.Described aerofluxuss flow through high temperature heat exchange module 12, middle temperature heat exchange module 13, low-temperature heat exchange module successively
14.The advantage of this preferred embodiment is to have taken into account using staged heat exchange module thus making full use of exhaust heat, and does not adopt
With excessive heat exchange module and thermoelectricity subelement thus holding structure is simple, take up room little advantage.
In a preferred embodiment, after described heat-conducting fluid flows through heat exchange module 11 absorption heat, flow through heat exchange mould successively
The high temperature end face of the first electrothermal module to the n-th electrothermal module in thermoelectricity subelement 31 corresponding to block 11；
Described cooling fluid and described heat-conducting fluid reversely flow through the thermoelectricity subelement 31 corresponding to heat exchange module 11 successively
In the n-th electrothermal module to the first electrothermal module low temperature end face.
Specifically, can be kept to the full extent using the design that heat-conducting fluid and cooling fluid reversely flow through electrothermal module
The temperature difference between heat-conducting fluid and cooling fluid, so that electrothermal module keeps efficient energy conversion rate.
In a preferred embodiment, described first electrothermal module reduces successively to the operating temperature of the n-th electrothermal module.Specifically
Ground, using the operating temperature thermo-electric device corresponding with heat-conducting fluid temperature as electrothermal module, can make electrothermal module bigger
Probability is operated in optimum working temperature, improves the energy conversion efficiency of electrothermal module.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2 the exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system that the present embodiment is provided also includes
Control unit, described control unit includes：
Temperature transmitter, is arranged on the entrance of thermoelectricity subelement 31, for detecting the real-time temperature of described heat-conducting fluid；
Electromagnetic valve, is arranged on the entrance of thermoelectricity subelement 31, for controlling described heat-conducting fluid to flow to thermoelectricity subelement 31
Or flow to the heat exchange module 11 corresponding to thermoelectricity subelement 31；
Control module 71, is connected with described temperature transmitter, described electromagnetic valve, for judging whether described real-time temperature reaches
To the operating temperature of thermoelectricity subelement 31, such as not up to, then institute is flowed to by heat-conducting fluid circulation described in described solenoid valve control
State the heat exchange module 11 corresponding to thermoelectricity subelement 31.
Specifically, when heat-conducting fluid is not up to the operating temperature of thermoelectricity subelement 31, thermoelectricity subelement 31, meeting are such as entered
Each electrothermal module 311 in thermoelectricity subelement 31 is led to not work in operating temperature range, thus leading to energy conversion efficiency to drop
Low, therefore control module 71 is monitored to the temperature of heat-conducting fluid by temperature transmitter and is not up to by solenoid valve control
The heat-conducting fluid circulation of thermoelectricity subelement 31 operating temperature flows to corresponding heat exchange module 11 and is heated, until heat-conducting fluid
Temperature reaches thermoelectricity subelement 31 operating temperature, thus having ensured the energy conversion rate of each electrothermal module 311.
In a preferred embodiment, after described heat-conducting fluid flows out thermoelectricity subelement 31, institute is flowed to by circulating pump circulation
Corresponding heat exchange module 11.Specifically, the present invention is made to possess using the design recycling heat-conducting fluid environment friendly and pollution-free excellent
Point.
In a preferred embodiment, described temperature transmitter is additionally arranged inside or the outlet of thermoelectricity subelement 31.
Control module 71 is connected with described circulating pump, is additionally operable to monitor described heat-conducting fluid by described temperature transmitter
Temperature when fluctuating up and down, control described circulating pump to adjust the flow of described heat-conducting fluid.
Specifically, operating temperature and the energy of each electrothermal module 311 can when the temperature of heat-conducting fluid fluctuates up and down, be affected
Amount transformation efficiency, control module 71 passes through the flow that described circulating pump adjusts heat-conducting fluid, thus indirectly adjusting each thermoelectricity mould
The workload of block 311, realizes the temperature stabilization of heat-conducting fluid further in best operating point.
In a preferred embodiment, the outlet of described thermoelectricity subelement is additionally provided with effusion meter.Specifically, control module 71 can
Obtain the flow of heat-conducting fluid by effusion meter, thus realizing the accurate regulation to described circulating pump.
In a preferred embodiment, it is additionally provided with dehumidifier between the outlet of described thermoelectricity subelement and described circulating pump.
The exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system that many embodiments of the present invention provide exchanges exhaust heat by heat-conducting fluid,
Realize thermo-electric conversion using thermo-electric device, thus meeting, marine diesel bootstrap system structure is simple, capacity usage ratio
High demand；
The exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system that many embodiments of the present invention provide does not contain moving component, has structure letter
List, noiseless, pollution-free, life-span length, take up room the advantages of little, unit volume delivery is high；
Some embodiments of the present invention adopt staged heat exchange module, fully reclaim the waste heat of aerofluxuss, are made using conduction oil
For heat-carrying agent, and control the temperature of conduction oil further using control system, make conduction oil temperature stabilization in electrothermal module
Optimum working temperature, thus realize the maximization of conversion efficiency of thermoelectric；
Heat energy is converted directly into electric energy by many embodiments of the present invention, decreases the intermediate link of energy conversion, improves
It is easy to application on the ship while capacity usage ratio.
Finally it should be noted that：Above example only in order to technical scheme to be described, is not intended to limit；Although
With reference to the foregoing embodiments the present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still may be used
To modify to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent is carried out to wherein some technical characteristics；
And these modification or replace, do not make appropriate technical solution essence depart from various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme spirit and
Scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system is it is characterised in that include：
Heat exchange unit, including at least one heat exchange module, described heat exchange module is used for the heat transfer of aerofluxuss to heat-conducting fluid；
Thermoelectric unit, including at least one and described heat exchange module one-to-one thermoelectricity subelement, described thermoelectricity subelement bag
Include at least one electrothermal module, described electrothermal module is used for converting heat energy in the presence of described heat-conducting fluid and cooling fluid
For electric energy；And,
Power Management Unit, is connected with described thermoelectric unit, for receiving the electric energy of described electrothermal module output, and exports electric energy
Or storage electric energy；
When described heat exchange unit includes multiple heat exchange module, the plurality of heat exchange module is connected in series, and described aerofluxuss flow through successively
The heat exchange module of described series connection.
2. exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described heat exchange unit is included successively
High temperature heat exchange module, middle temperature heat exchange module and the low-temperature heat exchange module being connected in series；Described aerofluxuss flow through described high temperature successively and change
Thermal modules, described middle temperature heat exchange module and described low-temperature heat exchange module.
3. exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that corresponding to described heat exchange module
Thermoelectricity subelement includes the electrothermal module of n series connection, and n is the integer more than 1；
After described heat-conducting fluid flows through described heat exchange module absorption heat, flow through the thermoelectron corresponding to described heat exchange module successively
The high temperature end face of the first electrothermal module to the n-th electrothermal module in unit；
N-th in the thermoelectricity subelement that described cooling fluid and described heat-conducting fluid reversely flow through corresponding to described heat exchange module successively
Electrothermal module to the first electrothermal module low temperature end face.
4. exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that described first electrothermal module is to
The operating temperature of n electrothermal module reduces successively.
5. the exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system according to claim 1-4 any one is it is characterised in that also include controlling
Unit, described control unit includes：
Temperature transmitter, is arranged on the entrance of described thermoelectricity subelement, for detecting the real-time temperature of described heat-conducting fluid；
Electromagnetic valve, is arranged on the entrance of described thermoelectricity subelement, for controlling described heat-conducting fluid to flow to described thermoelectricity subelement
Or flow to the heat exchange module corresponding to described thermoelectricity subelement；
Control module, is connected with described temperature transmitter, described electromagnetic valve, described for judging whether described real-time temperature reaches
The operating temperature of thermoelectricity subelement, such as not up to, then flows to described heat by heat-conducting fluid circulation described in described solenoid valve control
Heat exchange module corresponding to electronic unit.
6. exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that the outflow of described heat-conducting fluid is described
After thermoelectricity subelement, by the corresponding heat exchange module of circulating pump circulation flow direction.
7. exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that described temperature transmitter also sets up
Inside or outlet in described thermoelectricity subelement；
Described control module is connected with described circulating pump, is additionally operable to monitor described heat-conducting fluid by described temperature transmitter
When temperature fluctuates up and down, described circulating pump is controlled to adjust the flow of described heat-conducting fluid.
8. exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that the outlet of described thermoelectricity subelement
It is additionally provided with the effusion meter for measuring described heat-conducting fluid flow.
9. exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that going out in described thermoelectricity subelement
It is additionally provided with dehumidifier between mouth and described circulating pump.
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| CN201510430728.2A CN105089849B (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | Exhaust heat temperature-difference thermoelectric system |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106523103A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-03-22 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七研究所 | Medium circulation system for exhaust heat indirect type temperature-difference thermoelectric device for marine diesel engine |
| CN109026306A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Marine exhaust waste heat recycling system |
| CN110611457A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2019-12-24 | 河北工业大学 | Tail gas temperature difference power generation system adopting intermediate fluid circulation |
| CN111555422A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-18 | 北京许继电气有限公司 | Server cabinet heat exchange system |
| CN112886869B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-06-21 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Thermoelectric heat energy conversion device and thermoelectric heat system |
| CN113503206B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-10-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Tail gas waste heat recovery system and ship |
| CN116146299B (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-07-14 | 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 | Multi-quality energy recycling system |
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| KR101183815B1 (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2012-09-17 | 주식회사 경동나비엔 | The structure of exhaust gas flow passage of engine in micro combined heat and power unit |
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| RU2519529C2 (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2014-06-10 | Эмитек Гезельшафт Фюр Эмиссионстехнологи Мбх | Electric power generator exploiting offgas heat |
| CN101645679B (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2011-04-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Power generation device of alkali metal thermoelectric direct converter taking residual heat of diesel engine as heat source |
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