CN105087412A - Method for cultivating photosynthetic microorganisms and method for producing grease - Google Patents
Method for cultivating photosynthetic microorganisms and method for producing grease Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating photosynthetic microorganisms. The method includes cultivating the photosynthetic microorganisms in a photosynthetic microorganism cultivating device under photosynthetic microorganism cultivating conditions. The photosynthetic microorganism cultivating conditions include that the photosynthetic microorganisms are driven to move when the illumination intensity is higher than the critical illumination intensity I, and stop being driven when the illumination intensity is lower than the critical illumination intensity I, wherein the I meets an equation of I=A*I<0>, the A ranges from 0.1 to 0.6, and the I<0> represents the illumination intensity corresponding to the maximum photosynthetic efficiency of the photosynthetic microorganisms. The invention further discloses a method for producing grease. The method for producing the grease includes cultivating microalgae; harvesting the microalgae; separating and extracting the grease of the microalgae. The microalgae are cultivated by the aid of the method for cultivating the photosynthetic microorganisms. The methods have the advantages that normal growth of the photosynthetic microorganisms can be guaranteed, energy consumption can be reduced, and the methods are suitable for producing the photosynthetic microorganisms on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for cultivating photosynthetic microorganism and the method for producing grease.
Background technology
Photosynthetic microorganism mainly comprises micro-algae and photosynthetic bacterium, due to many useful products can be extracted from photosynthetic microorganism, and such as grease, protein and pigment etc., therefore its extensive, high-level efficiency, low cost focus be trained as people pay close attention to.
Micro-algae is that a class grows in water, of a great variety and distribution lower plant extremely widely, and it is the cell factory driven by sunlight.Microalgae cell, by efficient photosynthesis, absorbs CO
2, be chemical energy by light energy conversion, be stored in the carbohydrate such as fat or starch, and release O
2.Utilize micro-algae production bioenergy and chemical to reach " to substitute fossil energy, reduce CO simultaneously
2discharge, purifying exhaust air and sewage " etc. object.The advantage of " Microalgae biotechnology " is the following aspects: 1. micro-algae is the lower plant that photosynthetic efficiency is the highest, and compared with farm crop, the productive rate of unit surface exceeds decades of times.Micro-algae is also an occurring in nature growth kind of plant the most rapidly, and usually in 24h, contained by micro-algae, biomass can be double, and within its " exponential phase of growth ", its biomass doubling time can shorten to 3.5h.2. micro-algae can grow in the water body of high salt, high alkali environment, beach can be made full use of, saltings, desert carry out large scale culturing, also the non-agricultural water such as seawater, saline-alkali water, trade effluent can be utilized to cultivate, and therefore, micro-algae different crops can strive ground, strives water.3. oil yield rate is high, and the oleaginousness of micro-algae stem cell can up to 70%, and micro-algae does not have the cytodifferentiation such as the root, stem and leaf of higher plant, and under the conditions such as nitrogen stress, some unicellular micro-algae can accumulate grease in a large number, is the most promising oil-producing organism.4. the cultivation of micro-algae can utilize the CO in industrial gaseous waste
2, alleviate the discharge of greenhouse gases, also can absorb the NO in industrial gaseous waste
x, reduce the pollution of environment.5. while production microalgae biodiesel, a considerable amount of microalgae biomass can also be produced, also can obtain the high value byproducts such as protein, polysaccharide, lipid acid further.
Micro-algae can be divided into protokaryon algae and Eukaryotic Algae, and protokaryon algae is based on blue-green algae, and containing chlorophyll a, do not form organoid, can carry out photosynthesis, in cell, protein content is high, and can reach 70% of dry weight, lipid content is low, is about 5%; Eukaryotic Algae kind is many, is the source of main biofuel algae kind.Common micro-algae is mainly attributed to following eight classes: Bacillariophyta (Bacillariophyta), Chlorophyta (Chlorophyta), Chrysophyta (Chrysophyta), Cyanophyta (Cyanophyta), Pyrrophyta (Pyrroptata), Euglenophyta (Rhodophyta), Cryptophyta (Cryptophyta) and Xanthophyta (Xanthophyta).Wherein, Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Chrysophyta are the biofuel algae kind sources of most potentiality.
Photosynthetic bacterium the earth occurs the earliest, occurring in nature ubiquity, has the prokaryotic organism of original luminous energy synthetic system, it is the general name of under anaerobic not putting the photosynthetic bacterium of oxygen, the Gram-negative bacteria that a class does not form gemma ability, be a class using light as the energy, the organism of occurring in nature, sulfide, ammonia etc. can be utilized under anaerobism illumination or aerobic dark condition to carry out photosynthetic microorganism as hydrogen donor carbon source of holding concurrently.Photosynthetic bacterium is distributed widely in the places such as natural soil, paddy field, marsh, lake, Jiang Hai, is mainly distributed in the oxygen-starved area that in aquatic environment, light transmissive arrives.The suitable water temperature of photosynthetic bacterium is 15 DEG C-40 DEG C, and optimum water temperature is 28 DEG C-36 DEG C.In aquaculture, the toxic substance such as nitrite, sulfide can degraded in water body, realize serving as bait, purify water, preventing disease, as functions such as fodder additivess.Photosynthetic bacterium strong adaptability, can restrain oneself the organic waste water of high density, has necessarily stand Sum decomposition ability to the poisonous substance such as phenol, cyanogen, has stronger decomposition and inversion ability.Its many characteristics, make it in Non-environmental Pollution Aquiculture, have huge using value.
Pass the principal element only affecting photosynthetic microorganism pilot scale culture, directly affect the photosynthetic efficiency of photosynthetic microorganism, growth conditions and the efficiency of light energy utilization.In order to make photosynthetic microorganism light growth preferably, nutrient solution motion is driven to be very necessary.Such as, closed photo bioreactor generally adopts pressurized air or pump to drive nutrient solution motion, and raceway pond reactor generally adopts paddle wheel to drive nutrient solution motion.But drive nutrient solution motion unavoidably to cause cultivating the increase of energy consumption, therefore, owing to driving the energy consumption produced very huge in breeding scale process, become aquaculture cost and be in major reason not.
In sum, exploitation can ensure that photosynthetic microorganism normal growth can reduce energy consumption again, and the method being simultaneously suitable for the cultivation photosynthetic microorganism of scale operation is extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the high defect of existing cultivation photosynthetic microorganism cost, photosynthetic microorganism normal growth can reduce energy consumption again to provide one to ensure, is suitable for the method for the cultivation photosynthetic microorganism of scale operation.
The present inventor finds under study for action, when cultivating photosynthetic microorganism, when intensity of illumination is greater than Critical Light according to driving photosynthetic microorganism motion during intensity I, drive according to stopping during intensity I when intensity of illumination is less than or equal to Critical Light, can not only ensure photosynthetic microorganism normal growth but also reduce energy consumption, be suitable for the scale operation of photosynthetic microorganism, wherein, I=A × I
0, A=0.1-0.6, I
0for the maximum photosynthetic efficiency intensity of illumination of described photosynthetic microorganism.
Therefore, to achieve these goals, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of method of cultivating photosynthetic microorganism, under described method is included in the condition of cultivating photosynthetic microorganism, in the device cultivating photosynthetic microorganism, carry out the cultivation of photosynthetic microorganism, the condition of described cultivation photosynthetic microorganism comprises when intensity of illumination is greater than Critical Light according to driving photosynthetic microorganism motion during intensity I, drive according to stopping during intensity I when intensity of illumination is less than or equal to Critical Light, wherein
I＝A×I
0，A＝0.1-0.6，
I
0for the maximum photosynthetic efficiency intensity of illumination of described photosynthetic microorganism.
Preferably, A=0.2-0.5.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of method of producing grease, described method comprises the separation and extraction of both culturing microalgae, microalgae recovery, microalgae grease, and both culturing microalgae adopts method of cultivating photosynthetic microorganism as above to cultivate.
The inventive method can not only ensure the normal growth of photosynthetic microorganism but also reduce energy consumption, is suitable for the scale operation of photosynthetic microorganism.
Other features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in embodiment part subsequently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of the device cultivating photosynthetic microorganism in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional side view of the device cultivating photosynthetic microorganism in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the growth curve of micro-algae of the embodiment of the present invention 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2.
Fig. 4 is the growth curve of micro-algae of the embodiment of the present invention 2 and embodiment 3.
Description of reference numerals
1 cultivation region; 2 temperature adjustment districts; 3 interlayers; 4 transparent housings; 5 drive paddle wheel; 6 nutrient solution entrances; 7 nutrient solution outlets; 8 gas inletes; 9 pneumatic outlets; 10 heat transferring medium entrances; 11 heat transferring medium outlets; 12 dividing plates.
Embodiment
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Should be understood that, embodiment described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of method of cultivating photosynthetic microorganism, under the method is included in the condition of cultivating photosynthetic microorganism, the cultivation of photosynthetic microorganism is carried out in the device cultivating photosynthetic microorganism, the condition of cultivating photosynthetic microorganism comprises when intensity of illumination is greater than Critical Light according to driving photosynthetic microorganism motion during intensity I, drive according to stopping during intensity I when intensity of illumination is less than or equal to Critical Light, wherein
I＝A×I
0，A＝0.1-0.6，
I
0for the maximum photosynthetic efficiency intensity of illumination of photosynthetic microorganism.
In the present invention, maximum photosynthetic efficiency intensity of illumination refers to such intensity of illumination, namely in certain range of light intensity, the photosynthetic efficiency of photosynthetic microorganism increases with the rising of intensity of illumination, when intensity of illumination rises to a certain numerical value, photosynthetic efficiency reaches maximum value and no longer continues illumination intensity value when improving.
Should be understood that, other operating parameterss except intensity of illumination and condition, also can affect the photosynthetic efficiency of photosynthetic microorganism.In the present invention, when the maximum photosynthetic efficiency intensity of illumination described in measuring, other operating parameters and condition are exactly operating parameters when normally cultivating photosynthetic microorganism and condition, comprise the mode of motion and operating parameters that drive micro-algae.
In the present invention, maximum photosynthetic efficiency intensity of illumination I
0can be measured by chlorophyll fluorescence method or hydrogen photoproduction method, these two kinds of methods are conventionally known to one of skill in the art, do not repeat them here.
According to the present invention, although the condition of cultivating photosynthetic microorganism comprises when intensity of illumination is greater than Critical Light according to driving photosynthetic microorganism motion during intensity I, drive according to stopping during intensity I when intensity of illumination is less than or equal to Critical Light, wherein, I=A × I
0, A=0.1-0.6, I
0for the maximum photosynthetic efficiency intensity of illumination of photosynthetic microorganism, object of the present invention can be realized, namely in the situation decline less energy-consumption ensureing photosynthetic microorganism normal growth, be suitable for the scale operation of photosynthetic microorganism.But under preferable case, A=0.2-0.5, calculates gained I, when intensity of illumination is greater than Critical Light according to driving photosynthetic microorganism motion during intensity I, driving according to stopping during intensity I when intensity of illumination is less than or equal to Critical Light, while reducing energy consumption, the growth of photosynthetic microorganism can be ensured better.Therefore, preferably, A=0.2-0.5.
In the present invention, for cultivating the device of photosynthetic microorganism without particular requirement, the various devices that this area is conventional can be adopted.Such as, cultivate micro-algae and generally carry out in bioreactor, bioreactor can be divided into Race-way photobioreactor and closed photo bioreactor, Race-way photobioreactor, such as raceway pond, closed photo bioreactor, such as tubular type, board-like, pillar etc.
As those skilled in the known, pass the principal element only affecting photosynthetic microorganism pilot scale culture, directly affect the photosynthetic efficiency of photosynthetic microorganism, growth conditions and the efficiency of light energy utilization.In the process of photosynthetic microorganism pilot scale culture, the photosynthetic feature of micro-algae can be utilized to improve photosynthetic efficiency, such as; for micro-algae; when the displacement of frustule between light district and dark space reaches certain frequency (usually above 1Hz), " sparkle effect " (JanssenM, SlendersP will be there is; TramperJ; MurLR, WijffelsR.EnzymeMicrobialTechnology, 2001; 29:298-305), the photosynthetic efficiency of micro-algae can be improved.Therefore, in order to improve the displacement of photosynthetic microorganism between light district and dark space, improving the photosynthetic efficiency of photosynthetic microorganism, under preferable case, cultivating in the device of photosynthetic microorganism the flow-disturbing parts being provided with the disturbance of strengthening photosynthetic microorganism.
For flow-disturbing parts without particular requirement, as long as photosynthetic microorganism disturbance can be strengthened, increase the displacement of photosynthetic microorganism between light district and dark space, the thinkable various flow-disturbing parts of those skilled in the art can be adopted, such as, spoiler etc. can be set at the inwall (diapire, sidewall) of the device cultivating photosynthetic microorganism.
In the present invention, in order to make photosynthetic microorganism accept more sufficient illumination, to cultivate in the device of photosynthetic microorganism, the liquid of the nutrient solution containing photosynthetic microorganism is preferably thick≤20cm, be more preferably 3-10cm.
Photosynthetic microorganism of the present invention is selected from micro-algae and photosynthetic bacterium.Specifically comprise micro-algae such as green alga, blue-green algae, diatom and chrysophyceae or photosynthetic former green bacterium, purple bacteria etc. can be carried out.A common feature of these photosynthetic microorganisms to carry out photosynthesis.
The inventive method can be used for less energy-consumption, high efficiency cultivation photosynthetic microorganism, is specially adapted to the cultivation of micro-algae, especially micro-algae of Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta or Chrysophyta, such as chlorella, grid algae, single needle algae etc.
In the present invention, illumination can be source of artificial light or natural daylight, in order to save energy consumption further, can adopt natural daylight.
As those skilled in the known, also need to maintain other prerequisite required for micro-algae normal growth in the process of cultivating micro-algae, as provided suitable illumination, temperature, and the necessary nutrition of micro algae growth, the CO in regulation and control algae liquid
2, dissolved oxygen, water, necessary nutrient matter, pH value etc. in suitable scope, make the quick growth and reproduction of its suitable micro-algae.These technology are well-known to those skilled in the art.Such as, the condition of cultivating photosynthetic microorganism can comprise: temperature is 15-40 DEG C, is preferably 25-35 DEG C; Light intensity is 2000-200000lux, is preferably 5000-100000lux; CO is passed in culturing process
2, make algae liquid pH value in the scope of 6-10.
In the present invention, the mode that the cultivation of micro-algae can adopt classification to expand, such as algae kind is through 1L, 5L, 50L, 500L ... amplification culture step by step.The initial concentration of inoculation generally can control at algae liquid optical density value (OD
680value) in the scope of 0.2-1.Culturing time is usually more than 10 days, and preferably more than 15 days, for oil-producing microalgae, culturing time can obtain better effect in more than 20 days.
On the other hand, present invention also offers a kind of method of producing grease, the method comprises the separation and extraction of both culturing microalgae, microalgae recovery, microalgae grease, and both culturing microalgae adopts method of cultivating photosynthetic microorganism as above to cultivate.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated for following embodiment, but therefore do not limit the present invention.
In the following Examples and Comparative Examples:
Maximum photosynthetic efficiency intensity of illumination I
0measuring method: chlorophyll fluorescence method, namely measure the fast light response curve of micro-algae with chlorophyll fluorescence instrument, namely Relative electron transport rate is with the change curve of intensity of illumination, thus determines maximum photosynthetic efficiency intensity of illumination I
0.
Algae liquid optical density value (OD
680value) measure: adopt spectrophotometric determination, compare with distilled water, measure the light absorption value of algae liquid at wavelength 680nm place, as the index of micro-concentration of algae.
The substratum of micro-algae: Media Components is in Table 1-2.
Table 1 substratum BG11
| Component | Content, mg/L |
| K 2HPO 4 | 40 |
| Na 2CO 3 | 20 |
| MgSO 4·7H 2O | 75 |
| CaCl 2·2H 2O | 36 |
| Citric acid | 6 |
| Ferric ammonium citrate | 6 |
| EDETATE SODIUM | 1 |
| Trace element A5 | 1 |
The micro-A5 of table 2
| Component | Content, mg/L |
| H 3BO 3 | 2860 |
| MgCl 2·4H 2O | 1810 |
| ZnSO 4·7H 2O | 22 |
| CuSO 4·5H 2O | 7.9 |
Adopt the device of the cultivation photosynthetic microorganism shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2: cultivation region 1 and temperature adjustment district 2 are rectangular parallelepiped, the bottom surface of cultivation region 1 and the end face in temperature adjustment district 2 are by interlayer 3 close contact, on the contact surface, cultivation region 1 and temperature adjustment district 2 isometric, the width in temperature adjustment district 2 is greater than the width of cultivation region 1.Cultivation region 1 is provided with transparent housing 4, drives paddle wheel 5, nutrient solution entrance 6, nutrient solution outlet 7, gas inlet 8, pneumatic outlet 9, and the widthwise central in cultivation region is provided with dividing plate 12 along its length, the nutrient solution containing chlorella is circulated under the driving driving paddle wheel 5 around dividing plate 12.Temperature adjustment district 2 is provided with heat transferring medium entrance 10 and heat transferring medium outlet 11, and heat transferring medium is water, is full of temperature adjustment district 2.When starting driving paddle wheel 5, the flow velocity of the nutrient solution containing micro-algae in cultivation region 1 is made to be 1m/s.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is for illustration of the method for cultivation photosynthetic microorganism of the present invention.
Chlorella (purchased from hydrobiont institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) is cultivated in the device cultivating photosynthetic microorganism.Measure the I of chlorella
0=30000lux, gets coefficient A=0.2, calculates I=6000lux.Adopt BG11 substratum, nitrogenous fertilizer is 0.3g/L urea, and nutrient solution liquid is thick is 5cm, and controlling culture-liquid temp by temperature adjustment district 2 is 25-35 DEG C, algae kind initial concentration OD
680be 0.5, pass into the CO of 2% (v/v)
2aerated culture, intake to make in culturing process algae liquid pH value in the scope of 6-10.Adopt source of artificial light and daylight mixed culture in culturing process, daytime (12h) controlled light intensity is 40000lux, and night (12h) source of artificial light intensity of illumination is 6000lux.Start daytime and drive paddle wheel 5 to drive algae liquid cyclic motion, stop night paddle wheel to drive.Detect the OD of algae liquid every day
680value, cultured continuously was gathered in the crops after 20 days, and its growth curve is shown in Fig. 3.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is for illustration of the method for cultivation photosynthetic microorganism of the present invention.
Grid algae (purchased from hydrobiont institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) is cultivated in the device cultivating photosynthetic microorganism.Measure the I of grid algae
0=30000lux, gets coefficient A=0.5, calculates I=15000lux.Adopt BG11 substratum, nitrogenous fertilizer is 0.3g/L urea, and nutrient solution liquid is thick is 8cm, and controlling culture-liquid temp by temperature adjustment district 2 is 25-35 DEG C, algae kind initial concentration OD
680be 0.5, pass into the CO of 2% (v/v)
2aerated culture, intake to make in culturing process algae liquid pH value in the scope of 6-10.Adopt source of artificial light and daylight mixed culture in culturing process, daytime (12h) controlled light intensity is 40000lux, and night (12h) source of artificial light intensity of illumination is 15000lux.Start daytime and drive paddle wheel 5 to drive algae liquid cyclic motion, stop night paddle wheel to drive.Detect the OD of algae liquid every day
680value, cultured continuously was gathered in the crops after 12 days, and its growth curve is shown in Fig. 4.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is for illustration of the method for cultivation photosynthetic microorganism of the present invention.
Single needle algae (purchased from hydrobiont institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) is cultivated in the device cultivating photosynthetic microorganism.Measure the I of single needle algae
0=30000lux, gets coefficient A=0.3, calculates I=9000lux.Adopt BG11 substratum, nitrogenous fertilizer is 0.3g/L urea, and nutrient solution liquid is thick is 10cm, and controlling culture-liquid temp by temperature adjustment district 2 is 25-35 DEG C, algae kind initial concentration OD
680be 0.5, pass into the CO of 2% (v/v)
2aerated culture, intake to make in culturing process algae liquid pH value in the scope of 6-10.Adopt source of artificial light and daylight mixed culture in culturing process, daytime (12h) controlled light intensity is 40000lux, and night (12h) source of artificial light intensity of illumination is 9000lux.Start daytime and drive paddle wheel 5 to drive algae liquid cyclic motion, stop night paddle wheel to drive.Detect the OD of algae liquid every day
680value, cultured continuously was gathered in the crops after 12 days, and its growth curve is shown in Fig. 4.
Comparative example 1
Photosynthetic microorganism is cultivated according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, control to drive paddle wheel 5 whole day 24h to rotate, detect the OD of algae liquid every day
680value, cultured continuously was gathered in the crops after 20 days, and its growth curve is shown in Fig. 3.
Comparative example 2
Photosynthetic microorganism is cultivated according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, get coefficient A=0.7, daytime (12h) controlled light intensity is 40000lux, and night (12h) source of artificial light intensity of illumination is 21000lux.Start daytime and drive paddle wheel 5 to drive algae liquid cyclic motion, stop night paddle wheel to drive.Detect the OD of algae liquid every day
680value, cultured continuously was gathered in the crops after 20 days, and its growth curve is shown in Fig. 3.
As can be seen from Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the method of cultivation photosynthetic microorganism of the present invention can ensure the normal growth of photosynthetic microorganism, because the inventive method is only greater than Critical Light according to driving photosynthetic microorganism motion during intensity I in intensity of illumination, therefore significantly reduce energy consumption.
In Fig. 3, embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 are compared and can be found out, the inventive method can ensure the normal growth of photosynthetic microorganism, and owing to being only greater than Critical Light according to driving photosynthetic microorganism motion during intensity I in intensity of illumination, therefore significantly reduces energy consumption; Embodiment 1 and comparative example 2 are compared and can find out, as A=0.1-0.6, the normal growth of photosynthetic microorganism can be ensured.
The inventive method can not only ensure the normal growth of photosynthetic microorganism but also reduce energy consumption, is suitable for the scale operation of photosynthetic microorganism.
Below the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings; but; the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment; within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characteristic described in above-mentioned embodiment, in reconcilable situation, can be combined by any suitable mode, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention illustrates no longer separately to various possible array mode.
In addition, also can carry out arbitrary combination between various different embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (10)
1. cultivate the method for photosynthetic microorganism for one kind, under described method is included in the condition of cultivating photosynthetic microorganism, the cultivation of photosynthetic microorganism is carried out in the device cultivating photosynthetic microorganism, it is characterized in that, the condition of described cultivation photosynthetic microorganism comprises when intensity of illumination is greater than Critical Light according to driving photosynthetic microorganism motion during intensity I, drive according to stopping during intensity I when intensity of illumination is less than or equal to Critical Light, wherein
I＝A×I
0，A＝0.1-0.6，
I
0for the maximum photosynthetic efficiency intensity of illumination of described photosynthetic microorganism.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, A=0.2-0.5.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, is provided with the flow-disturbing parts of strengthening photosynthetic microorganism disturbance in the device of described cultivation photosynthetic microorganism.
4. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, in the device of described cultivation photosynthetic microorganism, the liquid of the nutrient solution containing described photosynthetic microorganism is thick≤20cm.
5. method according to claim 4, wherein, the liquid of described nutrient solution is thick is 3-10cm.
6. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described photosynthetic microorganism is selected from micro-algae and photosynthetic bacterium.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein, micro-algae is selected from micro-algae of Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Chrysophyta.
8. method according to claim 7, wherein, micro-algae is selected from least one in chlorella, grid algae and single needle algae.
9. method according to claim 8, wherein, the condition of described cultivation photosynthetic microorganism comprises: temperature is 15-40 DEG C, and light intensity is 2000-200000lux.
10. produce a method for grease, described method comprises the separation and extraction of both culturing microalgae, microalgae recovery, microalgae grease, it is characterized in that, both culturing microalgae adopts the method for the cultivation photosynthetic microorganism in claim 1-9 described in any one to cultivate.
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