CN105081612B - A kind of plasma arc surfacing alloy powder for hot-work die - Google Patents
A kind of plasma arc surfacing alloy powder for hot-work die Download PDFInfo
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- CN105081612B CN105081612B CN201510608478.7A CN201510608478A CN105081612B CN 105081612 B CN105081612 B CN 105081612B CN 201510608478 A CN201510608478 A CN 201510608478A CN 105081612 B CN105081612 B CN 105081612B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
- B23K10/02—Plasma welding
- B23K10/027—Welding for purposes other than joining, e.g. build-up welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of plasma arc surfacing alloy powder for hot-work die, described hardfacing alloy powder is iron(-)base powder, and its raw material components includes accounting for the nano silicon nitride chromium powder of raw material gross mass 1% 2% and 2% 5% yttrium oxide powder.By adding nano chromium nitride powder in iron(-)base powder, deposited metal forms tiny nitride gap phase, makes deposited metal have good toughness and cracking resistance；Meanwhile, add yittrium oxide in alloy powder, purify deposited metal, nodularization field trash, promote to form nitride strengthening phase, improve the anti-fatigue performance of deposited metal.The alloy powder cooperation plasma arc surfacing technology of the application present invention is repaired to hot-work die, and the deposited metal obtaining has excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, wearability, cleanliness factor and good fatigue resistance energy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of welding material, more particularly, to a kind of plasma arc surfacing alloyed powder for hot-work die
End.
Background technology
In recent years, with the fast development of China's manufacturing industry, mould particularly hot-work die, such as Heat Working Rolls, forge hot
The consumption of mould, hot extruding die, hot blanking die etc. is increasing, has become one of expendable part widely applied in commercial production.
Mould lost efficacy because the reasons such as abrasion and heat exhaustion can produce peeling, scratch, abrasion etc. in use.To scrap mould
Carry out reparation to remanufacture for reducing the energy, material consumption, environmental protection, reduce enterprise's production capacity, raising competitiveness has important
Meaning, current built-up welding is the main method that mould repair remanufactures.
Plasma arc surfacing has that fusion penetration controllability is strong, deposition rate big, productivity ratio is higher, heap postwelding matrix material and heap
Interface between wlding material is in metallurgical binding state, and its bond strength is high, and heat input is low, the advantages of dilution rate is little.In addition, waiting
Ion arc built-up welding has the advantages that to be easily achieved mechanization and automatization, meets the development trend of green manufacturing, in mould repair
Increasingly extensive etc. the application in manufacturing industry.
Plasma arc surfacing is to deposit to workpiece table by the use of plasma arc using after the alloy powder fusing as resurfacing welding material
Face, realizes strengthening and the hardening of surface of the work.The degree of freedom of alloy design can be improved using alloy powder as resurfacing welding material, make
Built-up welding refractory material is possibly realized, thus increasing substantially wear-resisting, the high temperature resistant, corrosion resistance of workpiece.
Domestic and international at present adopted plasma arc surfacing powder mainly has self-fluxing alloyed powder and composite powder two big
Class.Self-fluxing alloyed powder is mainly made up of a few class such as Ni-based, cobalt-based, iron-based, cuprio.Though having good combination property,
Because nickel and cobalt belong to scarcity metals, high cost, typically also it is served only in the built-up welding of special surface properties requirement.And ferrous alloy
Powder has raw material sources extensively, and low-cost feature has good performance simultaneously, thus obtains more and more widely should
With.
Composite powder is increasingly becoming research and the focus of application in recent years, and it is that have dissimilarity by two or more
The solid phase of energy is formed, and has obvious boundary, be a kind of new engineering material between different phases.The one-tenth of composition composite powder
Point, can be metal with metal, metal (alloy) and pottery, pottery and pottery, metal (alloy) and plastics, metal (alloy) with
Graphite etc., scope is quite varied, almost includes all solid-state engineering materials.
Plasma arc surfacing remanufactures for hot-work die reparation, and its deposited metal must is fulfilled for hot-work die high temperature antioxygen
Change excellent performance, wearability is good, cleanliness factor is high, have the technical requirements such as good fatigue resistance energy, is exclusively used in hot-work die at present
The alloyed powder of built-up welding is less, and research and development hot-work die plasma arc surfacing alloy powder has weight for improving the hot-work die life-span
Want meaning.
Content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of martensitic matrix by the optimization design of alloy powder formula
Mould plasma arc surfacing alloy powder, by iron(-)base powder add nano chromium nitride powder and oxidation yttrium powder
End, enables deposited metal to meet hot-work die high-temperature oxidation resistance, high-wearing feature, high-cleanness, high, high fatigue resistance simultaneously
Etc. technical requirements.
Although the deposited metal of existing iron(-)base powder is in the aspects such as hardness, compactness, bond strength and Ni-based conjunction
Bronze end is about the same, but the toughness of deposited metal is less than Co-based alloy powder it is difficult to meet the requirement of high tenacity.Plasma arc
Built-up welding molten bath existence time is short, using its metallurgical reaction of micron powder insufficient it is difficult to form enough nitride, carbonization
Thing hard phase.Therefore, its toughness and cracking resistance are improved so as to can reach by adding nano chromium nitride powder in the present invention
Standard to hot-work die high tenacity and cracking resistance requires.Meanwhile, nanometer grade powder activity is big, and metallurgical reaction acutely, makes up
The drawbacks of plasma arc surfacing molten bath existence time is short, metallurgical reaction is insufficient is so as to be suitable to plasma arc surfacing.
Wherein, described " hot-work die " is primarily referred to as hammering mould, hot top forging mould, hot-extrusion mold, hot blanking die
Tool, finish forge mould or die casting etc..
Concrete technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of plasma arc surfacing alloy powder for hot-work die is it is characterised in that described hardfacing alloy powder is
Iron(-)base powder, its raw material components includes accounting for the nano silicon nitride chromium powder of raw material gross mass 1%-2% and the yittrium oxide of 2%-5%
Powder.
Preferably, described hardfacing alloy powder comprises following alloying element：C、N、Si、Mn、Cr、Mo、V、Ti、Ni、W、Fe、
Y.
In multiple preferred embodiments of the present invention, the raw material of described hardfacing alloy powder also includes following components, to account for
The percentages of raw material gross mass are as follows：Electrolytic manganese 0.5-1.5%, 45# ferrosilicon 1-2%, ferrotianium 6-10%, crome metal 6-
10%, high carbon ferro-chrome 8-12%, vanadium iron 2-4%, molybdenum-iron 8-14%, tungsten powder 2-6%, nikel powder 2-4%, remaining for atomized iron powder.
For the hardfacing alloy powder of the present invention, Mn content is not less than the composition of preferred electrolytic manganese metal by quality ratio
99.5%；The composition of 45# ferrosilicon is 40.0%～47.0%Si, 0.1%C by quality ratio, remaining do not affect performance for Fe with
Impurity；The composition of ferrotianium is 23%～35%Ti, 8.5%Al, 5%Si, 2.5%Mn by quality ratio, remaining for Fe with do not affect
The impurity of performance；Cr content is not less than 98% to the composition of crome metal by quality ratio；The composition of high carbon ferro-chrome Cr by quality ratio
Be not more than 3%, S not less than 60%, C for 6%～10%, Si and be less than 0.04%, P and be less than 0.04%, remaining for Fe with not shadow
Ring the impurity of performance；The composition of graphite is 94%～99%C by quality ratio；The composition of vanadium iron is 50%V by quality ratio,
0.2%C, 2%Si, 0.8%Al, remaining for Fe with the impurity that do not affect performance；The composition of molybdenum-iron is 50%Mo by quality ratio,
3%Si, remaining for Fe with the impurity that do not affect performance；W content is not less than 98% to the composition of tungsten powder by quality ratio；Metal nickel powder
Ni content is not less than 98% to composition by quality ratio；The composition of yttrium oxide powder Y by percentage to the quality2O3Content is not less than
99%；The composition of potassium feldspar is 62-72%SiO by percentage to the quality2, 17-24%Al2O3, K2O+Na2O is not less than 12%,
K2O is not less than 8%, S and is less than 0.04%, P less than 0.04%.The composition of prodan Na by percentage to the quality2SiF4Contain
Amount is not less than 95%；Fe content is not less than 99% to the composition of atomized iron powder by quality ratio.The granularity of above-mentioned powder is 48 microns
～180 microns (i.e. granularity is -80 mesh～+300 mesh).CrN content is not less than the composition of nano silicon nitride chromium powder by quality ratio
99%, granularity more than 99% less than 100 nanometers.Allow containing being difficult in the course of processing remove not in the composition of above-mentioned medicated powder
Affect the impurity of its performance.
Deposited metal containing nano silicon nitride chromium powder has excellent high temperature hardness, anti-wear performance, and good toughness
And cracking resistance, therefore, nano silicon nitride chromium powder is preferably as the basic material of the hardfacing alloy powder for forming hot-work die
Use.
Wherein, when the content of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is less than 1% (quality), high temperature hardness, anti-wear performance, toughness and cracking resistance
Performance is bad.On the other hand, if the content of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is higher than 2% (quality), deposited metal is also easy to produce gas hole defect,
Cost also raises.The present invention has been acknowledged by following result：If the content of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is not less than 1% (quality) and does not surpass
High temperature hardness, anti-wear performance, toughness and the cracking resistance of expectation when crossing 2% (quality), can be obtained.
Oxidation yttrium element is as more than in addition to metal and ferroalloy, nanometer chrome nitride and inevitable impurity point
The metal-oxide comprising, it plays and purifies deposited metal, nodularization field trash, promotes to form nitride gap phase, improves built-up welding
The effect of the anti-fatigue performance of metal.For its content, although cannot treat different things as the same, when the content of yittrium oxide is less than 2%
When (quality), may result in yittrium oxide and purify and anti-fatigue performance decreased effectiveness.
On the other hand, when the content of yittrium oxide is higher than 5% (quality), may result under high temperature hardness and anti-wear performance
The addition of yittrium oxide therefore, is limited to 5% (quality) below in the application by fall, thus without generation the problems referred to above.
In the present invention, the addition of nano chromium nitride powder, tiny nitride gap phase can be formed in deposited metal,
Utilize nano chromium nitride powder crystal grain thinning (granularity of nano chromium nitride powder is less than 100 nanometers) simultaneously, improve deposited metal
High temperature hardness, anti-wear performance, and make it have good toughness, cracking resistance and anti-fatigue performance, nanoscale nitrogenizes chromium powder
End activity is big, and metallurgical reaction acutely, can make up the disadvantage that plasma arc surfacing molten bath existence time is short, metallurgical reaction is insufficient
End, is suitable to plasma arc surfacing technique；On the other hand, in order to meet the requirement of deposited metal high-cleanness, high, anti-fatigue performance, lead to
Cross and add oxidation yttrium element in alloy powder, purify deposited metal, nodularization field trash, promote to form nitride strengthening phase, carry
The anti-fatigue performance of high deposited metal.Designed by rational alloy system, make deposited metal obtain martensitic matrix tissue and add less
Amount retained austenite tissue, and using nitride, carbide as hardening constituent；Preferred by Metallurgical processing and raw material, reduce heap
The weldering impurity content such as metal S, P, and improve processing performance.
For the iron(-)base powder of the present invention, it includes at least following alloying element：C、N、Si、Mn、Cr、Mo、V、
Ti、Ni、W.When containing above-mentioned alloying element in iron(-)base powder, the deposited metal of preparation have certain high temperature hardness and
Corrosion resistance, ensure that chromium nitride and the maximization of yittrium oxide reinforced effects.
Build-up welding alloy material can also be using the material powder of the other metal powders being combined with than that described above or alloyed powder
Form.Now, be premised on the feature not destroying the present invention.
In the present invention, hardfacing alloy powder (medicated powder) is mixed for the powder such as chromium nitride, vanadium iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotianium, in order to
Reduce welding material cost, reduce spatter, improve arc stability, improve appearance of weld, be preferably added a certain amount of
Arc stabilizer,
Wherein, potassium feldspar and prodan, as arc stabilizer, play stable electric arc, reduce the effect splashed, make overlay cladding
The effect that surface quality is lifted further.Can be used alone and can also be used in mixed way, when used as a mixture, potassium to be made
The content of Anhydrite and prodan is in described scope.When the total content of potassium feldspar and prodan is less than 0.1% (quality),
Its stable electric arc, reduce splash, the effect that improves deposited metal surface forming inconspicuous.On the other hand, if potassium feldspar and fluorine
When the total content of sodium silicate is higher than 4% (quality), the effect that stabilising arc, reduction are splashed also further is not improved.Have been acknowledged by down
State result：Make potassium feldspar and prodan content respectively more than 0.1% (quality) and during the following scope of 1% (quality), can
Obtain good initial fitting property, marresistance and abrasion performance.Preferably use the powder that mean diameter is 48 microns～180 microns
End.
Multiple preferred embodiments of the present invention are waftd it is contemplated that having a small amount of powder during plasma arc surfacing
Dissipate, the powder splashing in long-time welding is also easy to produce viscous nozzle phenomenon, the problem of impact technology stability.To hardfacing alloy powder
Particle diameter be adjusted, the maximized viscous viscous phenomenon decreasing hardfacing alloy powder Butt welding gun nozzle of the present invention.Powder
Preferred size be 48 microns～180 microns (i.e. granularity be -80 mesh～+300 mesh).
Preferably, when the alloy powder of the present invention is used for processing hot die steel, (carbon mass fraction is generally less than
0.5%, the alloying element being commonly incorporated into has：Cr, Mn, W, Mo, V, Si, Ni, Nb, Al etc.), typically, since adding in cladding layer
Add Cr, the element such as Ni, Mo, galvanic element can be formed therefore between cladding layer and base material, thus there is electrochemical corrosion, but by
All with the addition of Cr in hot-work die itself and cladding powder, the element such as Ni, Mo and make electrochemical reaction be difficult to Fast Persistence
Carry out.First, Cr can be dissolved in Ni in the alloy thus forming Ni-Cr solid solution, and plays significant passivation；Secondly,
In corrosion process, Cr part replaces the Fe in rusty scale alpha-feooh, defines oxyhydroxide α-(Fe1-xCrx) OOH.Due to
This rusty scale microstructure is comparatively dense and relatively stable, can isolate matrix material well with corrosive medium, simultaneously its pole
High impedance can reduce the speed of electrochemical reaction again well.And Mo can crystal grain thinning, solution strengthening, formation in steel
Cured layer, this cured layer and matrix are firmly combined with, and form passivation, thus have good protective value.Simultaneously because
In laser cladding process, laser beam is short with the interaction time of powder, therefore has larger cooling in rapidly cooling procedure
Degree, and the alloying element in powder can form multiple compounds, increases the quantity of non-spontaneous forming core further, greatly improves forming core
Rate, finally makes the fine microstructures of cladding layer fine and close.Fine and closely woven tissue not only reduces the impurity content on unit crystal boundary, and
Decrease the component segregation being formed due to quick cooling, thus reducing the impact of the accelerated corrosion because of galvanic effect.Institute
, either for corrosion weight loss amount, according further to more scientific corrosion weight loss rate analysis, hot-work die to be all described
Comprise Cr, during tri- kinds of elements of Ni, Mo, the sample of cladding layer has more preferable corrosion resistance, and not due to electrochemical corrosion
And galvanic effect and accelerate the corrosion of base material.The powder demonstrating the present invention has the decay resistance consistent with base material, very
Good meets the design requirement that hot-work die reparation remanufactures.
In above-mentioned medicated powder, the effect of each component is as follows：
The effect of electrolytic manganese is component controlling, and manganese metal impurity content is few, beneficial to the purification of deposited metal.
The effect of 45# ferrosilicon is component controlling, combines addition with electrolytic manganese, and the effect of silicomanganese combined deoxidation is good.
The effect of ferrotianium is deoxidation, and carbide precipitate TiC and nitride TiN, and crystal grain thinning, by fine grain and precipitated phase
Two ways strengthens weld seam, improves the hardness of deposited metal.
The effect of crome metal and high carbon ferro-chrome is to weld metal transition Cr, and Resistance of Weld Metal plays solution strengthening effect,
The weld seam of carbide precipitate strengthening simultaneously, Cr content reaches more than 11% high-temperature oxidation resistance that can also improve deposited metal.High
Carbon ferrochrome in addition to transition Cr, also to weld seam transition C.
The effect of graphite is to weld seam transition C, controls the suitable C content of weld seam to form carbide it is ensured that the hardness of weld seam.
The effect of vanadium iron is alloying, forms carbide, nitride, crystal grain thinning.
The effect of molybdenum-iron is alloying, crystal grain thinning, solution strengthening, forms carbide, improves the high temperatures of deposited metal
Energy and anti-wear performance.
The effect of tungsten powder is alloying, to weld seam transition W, improves high temperature hardness and the wear resistance at elevated temperature of weld metal.
The effect of nikel powder is can to improve stabilization of austenite, slows down transformation of austenite to martensite, increases remaining difficult to understand
Family name's scale of construction, improves plasticity, the toughness of deposited metal, and can reduce martensite start temperature Ms point, can reduce heap
The residual stress of weldering metal.
The effect of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is to weld seam transition N, forms nitride with nitride forming element Ti, V, Cr etc.,
Crystal grain thinning, improves high temperature hardness and the structure stability of weld metal, reduces the thermal stress that temperature change causes, improve built-up welding
The cracking resistance of metal and thermal fatigue property；To weld metal transition Cr；Nanometer powder activity is big, make metallurgical reaction of short duration etc.
Ion arc built-up welding can carry out abundant metallurgical reaction, and this is that micron powder material is unapproachable, is also alloy powder of the present invention
Can be used for the key of plasma arc surfacing.
The effect of yittrium oxide is to reduce Welding seam inclusion content, makes inclusion balling, purifies weld metal, improves weld seam gold
The anti-fatigue performance belonging to.Yittrium oxide has suppression carbide, promotes to form nitride effect.
The effect of potassium feldspar is to stablize electric arc, improves processing performance and appearance of weld.
The effect of prodan is to stablize electric arc, increases liquid metal flows, improves processing performance and appearance of weld.
The effect of atomized iron powder is to provide Fe, forms iron(-)base powder, and ensures the appropriate level of alloying component.
The preparation method of hot-work die plasma arc surfacing alloy powder of the present invention comprises the following steps：
(1) join powder and weigh medicated powder by the proportioning of medicated powder formula, first less for proportion graphite, potassium feldspar, prodan are pressed
Formula proportion mixes after weighing, and mixes powder 8-10 minute with existing mixed powder machine, obtains non-alloyed mixed powder；Then by electrolytic manganese,
45# ferrosilicon, ferrotianium, crome metal, high carbon ferro-chrome, vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, tungsten powder, nikel powder, nano silicon nitride chromium powder, oxidation yttrium powder, and mist
Change iron powder to be added in non-alloyed mixed powder by after formula proportion weighing, be further continued for mixed powder 8-10 minute, obtain medicated powder.
Wherein：The proportioning of described medicated powder is as follows by percentage to the quality：Electrolytic manganese 0.5-1.5%, 45# ferrosilicon 1-2%, titanium
Ferrum 6-10%, crome metal 6-10%, high carbon ferro-chrome 8-12%, graphite 0-3%, vanadium iron 2-4%, molybdenum-iron 8-14%, tungsten powder 2-
6%, nikel powder 2-4%, nano silicon nitride chromium powder 1-2%, aoxidize yttrium powder 2-5%, potassium feldspar 0-1%, prodan 0-1%, Yu Wei
Atomized iron powder.The granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is more than 99% less than 100 nanometers, the granularity of other powder is 48 microns～
180 microns (i.e. granularity is -80 mesh～+300 mesh)；
The granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is more than 99% less than 100 nanometers.
The granularity of preferably other powder is 48 microns～180 microns (i.e. granularity is -80 mesh～+300 mesh)；But it is big to it
Little and be not particularly limited
(2) medicated powder preparing step (1) is put into ball mill and 15-20 minute is dry mixed, and obtains plasma arc surfacing alloyed powder
Last finished product.
Hardness HRC45-55 of above-mentioned alloy powder plasma arc surfacing metal, the technological parameter of plasma arc surfacing is,
Transfer arc current 140-180A, untransferable arc electric current 70-90A, ion-gas (Ar) flow 120-140L/h, shielding gas (Ar) flow
550-620L/h, powder feed rate 25g/min.
The application of the alloy powder of the present invention is not limited to plasma arc surfacing it can also be used to other arc surfacings, such as carbon arc
Built-up welding, submerged arc overlay welding etc..
The remarkable result that the present invention has is：
(1) plasma arc surfacing of alloy powder of the present invention, its deposition rate is big, productivity ratio is higher, heap postwelding matrix material
Interface between material and resurfacing welding material is in metallurgical binding state, and its bond strength is high, and heat input is low, and dilution rate is little.Can be used for
The manufacture of large-scale hot-work die and reparation.
(2) composition of deposited metal can be by changing the composition adjustment of alloy powder, it is possible to produce series of products are used
In different hot die steels, applied range.
(3) this patent alloy powder optimizes deposited metal chrome content, makes deposited metal have good high-temperature oxidation resistant
Performance, significantly improves the service life of hot-work die.
(4) this patent alloy powder passes through to add nano silicon nitride chromium powder and nitride forming element, is closed in situ by reaction
Become nitride, as gap phase, nitride has the advantages that size is tiny, high-temperature stable, significantly improve the high temperature of deposited metal
Hardness and high-temperature stability.
(5) this patent passes through preferred (such as the selecting simple metal, use ferroalloy less) of raw material and adds rare earth, reduces heap
Weldering metallic inclusion content, makes inclusion balling, crystal grain thinning, improves toughness, plasticity and the anti-fatigue performance of deposited metal.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
(1) join powder and weigh medicated powder by the proportioning of medicated powder formula, first less for proportion potassium feldspar, prodan are pressed recipe ratio
Example mixes after weighing, and mixes powder 8 minutes with existing mixed powder machine, obtains non-alloyed mixed powder；Then by electrolytic manganese, 45# ferrosilicon, titanium
Ferrum, crome metal, high carbon ferro-chrome, vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, tungsten powder, nikel powder, nano silicon nitride chromium powder, oxidation yttrium powder and atomized iron powder are by joining
Square ratio is added in non-alloyed mixed powder after weighing, and is further continued for mixed powder 10 minutes, obtains medicated powder.
Wherein：The proportioning of described medicated powder is as follows by percentage to the quality：Electrolytic manganese 0.5%, 45# ferrosilicon 1%, ferrotianium 6%,
Crome metal 6%, high carbon ferro-chrome 10%, vanadium iron 2%, molybdenum-iron 8%, tungsten powder 2%, nikel powder 3%, nano silicon nitride chromium powder 1%, yittrium oxide
Powder 2%, potassium feldspar 1%, prodan 1%, remaining for atomized iron powder.The granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is more than 99% is less than
100 nanometers, the granularity of other powder is 48 microns～180 microns (i.e. granularity is -80 mesh～+300 mesh)
(2) medicated powder preparing step (1) is put into ball mill and is dry mixed 15 minutes, obtains plasma arc surfacing alloy powder and becomes
Product.
Hardness HRC45 of above-mentioned alloy powder plasma arc surfacing metal, the technological parameter of plasma arc surfacing is to shift
Arc current 140-180A, untransferable arc electric current 70-90A, ion-gas (Ar) flow 120-140L/h, shielding gas (Ar) flow 550-
620L/h, powder feed rate 25g/min.
Embodiment 2：
(1) join powder and weigh medicated powder by the proportioning of medicated powder formula, first less for proportion graphite, potassium feldspar, prodan are pressed
Formula proportion mixes after weighing, and mixes powder 10 minutes with existing mixed powder machine, obtains non-alloyed mixed powder；Then by electrolytic manganese, 45#
Ferrosilicon, ferrotianium, crome metal, high carbon ferro-chrome, vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, tungsten powder, nikel powder, nano silicon nitride chromium powder, oxidation yttrium powder, and atomization
Iron powder is added in non-alloyed mixed powder as after formula proportion weighing, is further continued for mixed powder 8 minutes, obtains medicated powder.
Wherein：The proportioning of described medicated powder is as follows by percentage to the quality：Electrolytic manganese 1%, 45# ferrosilicon 2%, ferrotianium 10%,
Crome metal 10%, high carbon ferro-chrome 12%, graphite 2%, vanadium iron 4%, molybdenum-iron 14%, tungsten powder 6%, nikel powder 3%, nano silicon nitride chromium powder
2%, aoxidize yttrium powder 5%, potassium feldspar 0.5%, prodan 1%, remaining for atomized iron powder.The granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is 99%
Above less than 100 nanometers, the granularity of other powder is 48 microns～180 microns (i.e. granularity is -80 mesh～+300 mesh)；
(2) medicated powder preparing step (1) is put into ball mill and is dry mixed 20 minutes, obtains plasma arc surfacing alloy powder and becomes
Product.
Hardness HRC55 of above-mentioned alloy powder plasma arc surfacing metal, the technological parameter of plasma arc surfacing is to shift
Arc current 140-180A, untransferable arc electric current 70-90A, ion-gas (Ar) flow 120-140L/h, shielding gas (Ar) flow 550-
620L/h, powder feed rate 25g/min.
Embodiment 3：
(1) join powder and weigh medicated powder by the proportioning of medicated powder formula, first less for proportion graphite, potassium feldspar, prodan are pressed
Formula proportion mixes after weighing, and mixes powder 9 minutes with existing mixed powder machine, obtains non-alloyed mixed powder；Then by electrolytic manganese, 45#
Ferrosilicon, ferrotianium, crome metal, high carbon ferro-chrome, vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, tungsten powder, nikel powder, nano silicon nitride chromium powder, oxidation yttrium powder, and atomization
Iron powder is added in non-alloyed mixed powder as after formula proportion weighing, is further continued for mixed powder 9 minutes, obtains medicated powder.
Wherein：The proportioning of described medicated powder is as follows by percentage to the quality：Electrolytic manganese 1.5%, 45# ferrosilicon 2%, ferrotianium 8%,
Crome metal 7%, high carbon ferro-chrome 10%, graphite 2%, vanadium iron 3%, molybdenum-iron 10%, tungsten powder 4%, nikel powder 3%, nano silicon nitride chromium powder
1.5%, aoxidize yttrium powder 3%, potassium feldspar 1%, prodan 0.5%, remaining for atomized iron powder.The granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is
More than 99% less than 100 nanometers, the granularity of other powder is 48 microns～180 microns (i.e. granularity is -80 mesh～+300 mesh)
(2) medicated powder preparing step (1) is put into ball mill and is dry mixed 18 minutes, obtains plasma arc surfacing alloy powder and becomes
Product.
Hardness HRC50 of above-mentioned alloy powder plasma arc surfacing metal, the technological parameter of plasma arc surfacing is to shift
Arc current 140-180A, untransferable arc electric current 70-90A, ion-gas (Ar) flow 120-140L/h, shielding gas (Ar) flow 550-
620L/h, powder feed rate 25g/min.
Embodiment 4：
(1) join powder and weigh medicated powder by the proportioning of medicated powder formula, first less for proportion graphite, potassium feldspar, prodan are pressed
Formula proportion mixes after weighing, and mixes powder 8 minutes with existing mixed powder machine, obtains non-alloyed mixed powder；Then by electrolytic manganese, 45#
Ferrosilicon, ferrotianium, crome metal, high carbon ferro-chrome, vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, tungsten powder, nikel powder, nano silicon nitride chromium powder, oxidation yttrium powder, and atomization
Iron powder is added in non-alloyed mixed powder as after formula proportion weighing, is further continued for mixed powder 8 minutes, obtains medicated powder.
Wherein：The proportioning of described medicated powder is as follows by percentage to the quality：Electrolytic manganese 0.8%, 45# ferrosilicon 1.5%, ferrotianium
6%, crome metal 6%, high carbon ferro-chrome 10%, graphite 3%, vanadium iron 4%, molybdenum-iron 9%, tungsten powder 2%, nikel powder 4%, nanometer chrome nitride
Powder 1%, aoxidize yttrium powder 2%, potassium feldspar 1%, prodan 0.5%, remaining for atomized iron powder.The granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is
More than 99% less than 100 nanometers, the granularity of other powder is 48 microns～180 microns (i.e. granularity is -80 mesh～+300 mesh)；
(2) medicated powder preparing step (1) is put into ball mill and is dry mixed 20 minutes, obtains plasma arc surfacing alloy powder and becomes
Product.
Hardness HRC52 of above-mentioned alloy powder plasma arc surfacing metal, the technological parameter of plasma arc surfacing is to shift
Arc current 140-180A, untransferable arc electric current 70-90A, ion-gas (Ar) flow 120-140L/h, shielding gas (Ar) flow 550-
620L/h, powder feed rate 25g/min.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is with the difference of embodiment 1, does not contain yittrium oxide in composition of raw materials, tired to the heat of deposited metal
Labor is tested, and specimen size is 50 × 20 × 1.5 (mm), in the center vertical thickness direction of 20mm, opens 60 ° of V-types
Breach, carries out 700 DEG C -20 DEG C of circulating-heating, cooling, with the cycle-index reflection fatigue behaviour of 0.5mm crackle.Do not contain
The cycle-index of the comparative example 1 of yttrium oxide powder is 21 times, and the cycle-index of the embodiment 1 containing yittrium oxide 2% is 43 times.Pass through
With comparing of embodiment 1, show that yittrium oxide of the present invention can effectively lift the anti-fatigue performance of deposited metal.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is with the difference of embodiment 1, is added without nano silicon nitride chromium powder in composition of raw materials, to toughness and
The carrying out of cracking resistance is tested, and is not added with the comparative example 2 of nano silicon nitride chromium powder, the test value of U-shaped notch impact toughness is 1.06J/
cm2, in the 5CrNiMo mould steel surface overlaying for 80mm for the thickness, preheat 250 DEG C and just can occur without crackle；Embodiment 1 U-shaped
The test value of notch impact toughness is 1.21J/cm2, in the 5CrNiMo mould steel surface overlaying for 80mm for the thickness, preheat 50 DEG C
Crackle can be occurred without.Show the nano silicon nitride chromium powder in alloy powder of the present invention can effectively improve deposited metal toughness and
Cracking resistance.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is with the difference of embodiment 1, adopts granularity to be 48 microns～180 microns in composition of raw materials
The nitridation chromium powder of (i.e. granularity is -80 mesh～+300 mesh), the hardness of 500 DEG C of deposited metal of actual measurement is HRC36, the maximum of hardness
Differ HRC6 with minima；500 DEG C of hardness of embodiment 1 deposited metal are HRC41, the maxima and minima difference of hardness
HRC4.Nanometer chrome nitride makes to keep higher hardness under deposited metal high temperature, and the hardness of deposited metal is more uniform.Micron-sized nitrogen
Change chromium is larger due to granule, and activity is less, because plasma arc surfacing molten bath rate of cooling is fast under existing addition, leads to
Metallurgical reaction insufficient it is impossible to effectively improve high temperature hardness and the structure stability of weld metal.
Although the above-mentioned specific embodiment to the present invention is described, not the limit to the scope of the present invention
System, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme, and those skilled in the art do not need to pay
Go out the various modifications that creative work can make or deformation still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of plasma arc surfacing alloy powder for hot-work die is it is characterised in that described hardfacing alloy powder is ferrum
Base alloy powder, its raw material includes accounting for the nano silicon nitride chromium powder of raw material gross mass 1%-2% and the oxidation yttrium powder of 2%-5%
End；
Following components are also included, to account for the percentage ratio of hardfacing alloy powder stock gross mass in the raw material of described hardfacing alloy powder
Meter：Electrolytic manganese 0.5-1.5%, 45# ferrosilicon 1-2%, ferrotianium 6-10%, crome metal 6-10%, high carbon ferro-chrome 8-12%, vanadium iron 2-
4%, molybdenum-iron 8-14%, tungsten powder 2-6%, nikel powder 2-4%.
2. hardfacing alloy powder as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described hardfacing alloy powder comprises following element：
C、N、Si、Mn、Cr、Mo、V、Ti、Ni、W、Fe、Y.
3. hardfacing alloy powder as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that also include in the raw material of described hardfacing alloy powder
Account for the arc stabilizer of raw material gross mass 0.1-2%.
4. hardfacing alloy powder as claimed in claim 3 is it is characterised in that described arc stabilizer is made up of following material mixing,
To account for the percentages of hardfacing alloy powder stock gross mass：The potassium feldspar of 0.1-1% and the prodan of 0.1-1%.
5. hardfacing alloy powder as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that in described hardfacing alloy powder stock, nanometer nitrogen
The granularity changing chromium powder is less than 100 nanometers；The granularity of remaining component is 48 microns～180 microns.
6. hardfacing alloy powder as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that the composition of described electrolytic manganese Mn contains by quality ratio
Amount is not less than 99.5%；The composition of 45# ferrosilicon is 40.0%～47.0%Si, 0.1%C by quality ratio, remaining for Fe with not shadow
Ring the impurity of performance；The composition of ferrotianium is 23%～35%Ti, 8.5%Al, 5%Si, 2.5%Mn by quality ratio, remaining for Fe
Do not affect the impurity of performance；Cr content is not less than 98% to the composition of crome metal by quality ratio；The composition of high carbon ferro-chrome is with matter
Amount is not more than 3%, S not less than 60%, C for 6%～10%, Si than meter Cr and is less than 0.04%, Yu Wei less than 0.04%, P
Fe and the impurity not affecting performance；The composition of vanadium iron is 50%V, 0.2%C, 2%Si, 0.8%Al by quality ratio, remaining for Fe
Do not affect the impurity of performance；The composition of molybdenum-iron is 50%Mo, 3%Si by quality ratio, remaining do not affect performance miscellaneous for Fe with
Matter；W content is not less than 98% to the composition of tungsten powder by quality ratio；Ni content is not less than 98% to the composition of nikel powder by quality ratio.
7. a kind of hot-work die plasma arc bead welding method is it is characterised in that with the arbitrary described hardfacing alloy of claim 1-6
Powder is resurfacing welding material, and the technological parameter of described plasma arc bead welding method is as follows：Transfer arc current 140-180A, untransferable arc
Electric current 70-90A, ion-gas flow 120-140L/h, shielding gas flow 550-620L/h, powder feed rate 25g/min.
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| CN107322190A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-07 | 合肥安力电力工程有限公司 | A kind of steel welding electrode and preparation method thereof |
| CN108161194A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-15 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of plasma surfacing restorative procedure of drawing block |
| CN108161275B (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2021-02-02 | 河北工业大学 | Nickel-based alloy weld structure grain refinement method and application thereof |
| CN108971799B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-11-15 | 山东大学 | A kind of plasma arc surfacing cermet powder |
| CN110732800B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-09-03 | 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Iron-based alloy composition for repairing middle tank and repairing method of middle tank |
| CN111250900B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2022-11-01 | 江西恒大高新技术股份有限公司 | Preparation method of modified Inconel625 powder surfacing coating |
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| CN100340370C (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2007-10-03 | 贵州大学 | Alloy powder for laser restoration of engine blade casting defect, its manufacturing method and application |
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