CN102212771A - Tungsten carbide reinforced composite material strengthened layer of mould steel basal body and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Tungsten carbide reinforced composite material strengthened layer of mould steel basal body and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102212771A CN102212771A CN2011101228030A CN201110122803A CN102212771A CN 102212771 A CN102212771 A CN 102212771A CN 2011101228030 A CN2011101228030 A CN 2011101228030A CN 201110122803 A CN201110122803 A CN 201110122803A CN 102212771 A CN102212771 A CN 102212771A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tungsten carbide reinforced composite material strengthened layer of a mould steel basal body and a preparation process thereof, belonging to the technical fields of surface material preparation and surface processing. A surface strengthened layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.85-2.45% of C, 2.90-3.85% of Si, 12.45-15.25% of Cr, 3.10-3.65% of B, 7.55-8.50% of W, 2.20-2.85% of Co, 4.50-5.50% of Fe, and the balance of Ni. Main strengthened phases in a spray welding layer comprise WC, Cr7C3, Ni4B3 and Co7W6. The process for preparing the surface strengthened layer through plasma spray welding comprises the following steps of: cleaning the surface of an H13 steel basal body; preparing the spray welding layer with required thickness by using mixed gas of argon and hydrogen; and controlling the overlapping amount between every two spray welding layer, wherein the obtained composite material surface layer can achieve the functions of repairing defects or strengthening the basal body; and the service life of a mould is recovered and prolonged.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of die steel matrix wolfram varbide reinforced composite surface strengthen layer, belong to surfacing preparation and Surface-micromachining process field.
Background technology:
What at present, the reparation of die surface defective or reinforcement were adopted is arc surfacing, electric spark deposition, brush plating, laser melting coating or prepared die surface repair layer or strengthening layers such as " spraying+remeltings ".H13 steel (U.S.'s trade mark) is the tough hot-work die steel that has concurrently that generally uses in the world wide, is equivalent to domestic 4Cr5MoSiV1,1.2344 of the SKD61 of Japan and Germany.Because of containing higher carbon and vanadium, this steel has high hardening capacity, heat resistanceheat resistant and splits ability, good thermotolerance and heat resistance and higher anti-temper resistance.Based on this steel good comprehensive performances, all obtaining widespread use aspect hammer forging die, hot extruding die and the transfer mold.But because the working conditions of hot-work die steel is abominable, not only to experience high temperature-low temperature thermal cycling effect repeatedly, and to bear bigger repeated stress, make die surface usually because of wearing and tearing or thermal fatigue generation defective, one of key technical problem that so die surface strengthening (life-prolonging technique) and defect repair are relevant enterprises always will be solved (Zhao Feng: application and the progress of surface engineering technology in mould is made. mechanical engineering and automatization, 2009 (5), 189-191).
The die surface strengthening life-prolonging technique is the wear-resisting modified layer of die cavity damageable zone deposition one deck at mould, the mold work surface has high hardness after the modification, and inside still has good toughness, thereby can improve the use properties of mould, gives full play to the performance potential of moulding stock.The mould repair technology is that the position that mould has damaged is repaired, and makes its reinstatement (shape and performance), the mould after the processing treatment can continue to use, thereby has prolonged the work-ing life of mould.At present, the die surface reparation commonly used or the major project means of reinforcement have methods such as arc surfacing, electric spark deposition, brush plating and laser melting coating (Guo Xiaoyan etc.: the application progress of sufacing in mould repair. sufacing, 2007,36 (6), 70-73).In the processing method of preparation die surface reparation (reinforcement) layer, often because hot input is very big, the heat affected zone of causing on the mould is very big being repaired, and causes die deformation even cracking easily in arc surfacing; The electric spark deposition method, because the bond quality of settled layer and matrix is uncertain, particularly porosity and compactness are discontinuous, and some intends the repair materials of usefulness, as the alloy system complicated component, or, be difficult to be processed into the silk material or the bar of electrode requirement, and when the reparation amount is big for high rigidity, high-strength material, production efficiency is extremely low, rehabilitation cost very high (Xu Dong etc.: the application of electric discharge surface treatment technology on mould. the equipment manufacturing technology, 2010,4:150-153); For the brush electroplating method, coating is generally very thin, mostly less than 0.3mm, and because coating is a kind of mechanical bond with combining of matrix, so lower with substrate combinating strength, the practical application of above the whole bag of tricks is very limited (Zhao Weilin etc.: the brush plating and the surfacing of vehicle mould are repaired fast. mould industry, 2007,33 (2), 64-66); Laser cladding is once invested greatly owing to equipment, and the certain in addition difficulty of promotion and application (Jiang Shengbo etc.: forge die coating structure and performance study are scrapped in the laser melting coating reparation. the material heat treatment technology, and 2009 (38), 86-88).
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of invention and the problem that will solve:
Usually the service condition of hot-work die is more abominable, owing to moulding stock bears thermal fatigue or the repeated stress effect produces various surface imperfection for a long time, a kind of die steel matrix wolfram varbide reinforced composite surface strengthen layer of the present invention and preparation technology thereof, be to adopt the plasma spray welding technology at die steel surface preparation wolfram varbide reinforced composite materials upper layer, reach the effect of rectification of defects or reinforcement matrix, recover and prolong the work-ing life of mould.
Realize that technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of die steel matrix wolfram varbide reinforced composite surface strengthen layer, its chemical ingredients is by weight percentage: C:1.85-2.45, Si:2.90-3.85, Cr:12.45-15.25, B:3.10-3.65, W:7.55-8.50, Co:2.20-2.85, Fe:4.50-5.50, the main strengthening phase in surplus: the Ni, spray-welding coating has WC, Cr
7C
3, Ni
4B
3And Co
7W
6
A kind of preparation technology who is used for above-mentioned die steel matrix wolfram varbide reinforced composite surface strengthen layer adopts plasma spray, and concrete steps are as follows:
A) prepare the die steel body material, the acetone wiping is dipped in absorbent cotton in the surface deoil;
B) adopt nickel base self-fluxing alloy powder NiCrBSi to sneak into cobalt-based tungsten carbide wc/Co powder that weight ratio is 10-20%, WC:88% wherein, Co:12% puts into powder feeder after mechanical stirring mixes, and the gross weight of surfacing powder metallurgy is determined according to the thickness and the area of the requirement of spray-welding coating;
What c) the plasma spray system adopted is the mixed gas that argon and hydrogen constitute, wherein the ratio of hydrogen is 20%-25%, plasma arc ignites, the adjusting flame current is 23-25A, voltage is 35-38V, treats to begin the automatic powder feeding surfacing behind the arc stability, and control surfacing speed is 15-20cm/min, the powder feeding rate is 70-80g/min, and keeping the surfacing distance is 15-20mm;
D) amount of lap between control per pass spray-welding coating is about 20-25%, according to service requirements, can carry out multiple tracks, multilayer surfacing, and spray-welding coating thickness can (0.5mm-4mm) be adjusted in relative broad range.Keep the surfacing parameter stability, can obtain the surface strengthen layer of surfacing, homogeneous microstructure.
The present invention has the following advantages and improves with respect to prior art:
The present invention adopts plasma spray to be welded in the die steel matrix surface to prepare wolfram varbide reinforced composite materials strengthening layer, because this method can be controlled the use less current, hot input is reduced greatly, the heat affected zone scope is reduced, and wolfram varbide is remained as much as possible as hard point wild phase, compare with the upper layer of method preparations such as flame spray welding or laser melting coating, it is convenient that this upper layer has gauge control, surface quality is good, the characteristics that hardness is high are a kind of ideal die surface defect-restoration method therefor or reinforcement means.
Adopt " thermospray+remelting " technology or electrical arc powder bead-welding technology, also can prepare similar upper layer, but because reflow process can cause bigger heat input, not only make the heat affected zone range extension, and can melt away the interior wolfram varbide wild phase of most of coating, seriously undermine its strengthening effect.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 H13 steel matrix wolfram varbide reinforced composite materials upper layer.
The Interface Microstructure of Fig. 1 (a) spray-welding coating and matrix.
The tissue of Fig. 1 (b) spray-welding coating
Fig. 2 H13 steel matrix wolfram varbide reinforced composite materials upper layer XRD analysis.
Embodiment:
The present invention adopts plasma spray welding technology to cooperate the powder body material ni-based self-fluxing alloy of particular chemical composition and the mixture of cobalt-based wolfram varbide, its size range is 45 μ m-85 μ m, and at die steel surface preparation matrix material strengthening layer, the chemical ingredients of this strengthening layer (by weight percentage) is: C:2.56, Si:4.82, Cr:14.75, B:3.45, W:8.10, Co:2.56, Fe:4.62, the main strengthening phase in surplus: the Ni, spray-welding coating has WC, Cr
7C
3, Ni
4B
3And Co
7W
6Deng; Compare with the composite coating of traditional technology preparation, adopt the composite coating of the present invention's preparation to have homogeneous microstructure, strengthening phase is easy to add in the surfacing powder and kept in obtaining coating, and can obtain bigger coat-thickness under the condition that keeps matrix heat affected zone relative narrower.
Main technique of the present invention is:
1) H13 steel matrix surface is cleared up, removed greasy dirt with the acetone equal solvent;
What 2) the plasma spray system adopted is the mixed gas that argon and hydrogen constitute, wherein the ratio of hydrogen is 20%-25%, current setting is 23-25A, treat to begin the automatic powder feeding surfacing behind the arc stability, control spray gun translational speed (15cm-20cm/min.) and powder feeding rate (70-80g/min), according to service requirements, can carry out multiple tracks, multilayer surfacing, the thickness of spray-welding coating can (0.5mm-4mm) be adjusted in relative broad range; With adopt the conventional surface engineering method to prepare coating to compare, this spray-welding coating have chemical ingredients evenly, thickness is easy to control and bonding strength is high characteristics;
3) amount of lap of controlling between each road spray-welding coating is 20-25%, makes the surface spraying weld layer smooth, smooth;
4) metallurgical analysis shows, there are metallurgical reaction in spray-welding coating and basal body interface place, and the column crystal that epitaxial solidification forms belongs to typical metallurgical binding perpendicular to interface growth, has guaranteed the bonding strength between spray-welding coating and the matrix, consults shown in Fig. 1 (a).XRD diffraction (consulting Fig. 2) analysis finds that the main strengthening phase in the surface spraying weld layer has WC, Cr
7C
3, Ni
4B
3And Co
7W
6Deng, be embedded on the matrix, consult shown in Fig. 1 (b).
Concrete processing step of the present invention is:
A) prepare the die steel body material, the acetone wiping is dipped in absorbent cotton in the surface deoil; And nickel base self-fluxing alloy powder NiCrBSi is sneaked into weight ratio be respectively cobalt-based tungsten carbide wc/Co powder of 10%, 15% and 20% (WC:88% wherein, 12%Co), put into powder feeder after stirring, the gross weight of surfacing powder metallurgy is determined according to the thickness and the area of spray-welding coating;
B) plasma arc that ignites, the adjusting flame current is 23-25A, and voltage is 35-38V, and surfacing speed is 15-20cm/min., and keeping the surfacing distance is 15-20mm;
C) amount of lap between the control per pass is about 20-25%, according to thickness requirement, can carry out multiple tracks, multilayer surfacing.Keep the surfacing parameter stability, it is even to obtain structure property, the surface spraying weld layer of surfacing;
D) measure microhardness distribution as can be known, the hardness of H13 die steel matrix is HV630 (being about as much as HRC56), and the average hardness of spray-welding coating is HV720 (being about as much as HRC61).
E) according to the difference of adding the WC/Co proportion of powder, the spray-welding coating Chemical Composition of acquisition is respectively: (1) C:1.85; Si:2.90; Cr:12.45; B:3.10; W:7.55; Co:2.20; Fe:4.50, surplus: Ni..(2) C:2.16; Si:3.52; Cr:14.75; B:3.45; W:8.10; Co:2.56; Fe:4.62, surplus: Ni..(3) C:2.45; Si:3.85; Cr:15.25; B:3.65; W:8.50; Co:2.85; Fe:5.50, surplus: Ni..Adopt pin disc type wear testing machine that H13 steel matrix and three kinds of different components surface spraying weld layer samples are compared test, the H13 steel matrix is 21.4mg in the abrasion loss of same test in the time, three kinds of upper layer abrasion losies are respectively 12.0mg, 9.8mg and 7.6mg, and the surface spraying weld layer on average improves more than 2 times than the wear resistance of H13 die steel matrix.
Claims (3)
1. die steel matrix wolfram varbide reinforced composite surface strengthen layer, it is characterized in that, its chemical ingredients is by weight percentage: C:1.85-2.45, Si:2.90-3.85, Cr:12.45-15.25, B:3.10-3.65, W:7.55-8.50, Co:2.20-2.85, Fe:4.50-5.50, main strengthening phase in surplus: the Ni, spray-welding coating has WC, Cr
7C
3, Ni
4B
3And Co
7W
6
2. a kind of die steel matrix wolfram varbide reinforced composite surface strengthen layer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, its chemical ingredients is by weight percentage: C:2.16, Si:3.52, Cr:14.75, B:3.45, W:8.10, Co:2.56, Fe:4.62, main strengthening phase in surplus: the Ni, spray-welding coating has WC, Cr
7C
3, Ni
4B
3And Co
7W
6
3. a preparation technology who is used for the described die steel matrix of claim 1 wolfram varbide reinforced composite surface strengthen layer is characterized in that, adopts plasma spray, and concrete steps are as follows:
A) prepare the die steel body material, the acetone wiping is dipped in absorbent cotton in the surface deoil;
B) adopt nickel base self-fluxing alloy powder NiCrBSi to sneak into cobalt-based tungsten carbide wc/Co powder that weight ratio is 10-20%, WC:88% wherein, Co:12% puts into powder feeder after mechanical stirring mixes, and the gross weight of surfacing powder metallurgy is determined according to the thickness and the area of the requirement of spray-welding coating;
What c) the plasma spray system adopted is the mixed gas that argon and hydrogen constitute, wherein the ratio of hydrogen is 20%-25%, plasma arc ignites, the adjusting flame current is 23-25A, voltage is 35-38V, treats to begin the automatic powder feeding surfacing behind the arc stability, and control surfacing speed is 15-20cm/min, the powder feeding rate is 70-80g/min, and keeping the surfacing distance is 15-20mm;
D) amount of lap between control per pass spray-welding coating is about 20-25%, according to service requirements, can carry out multiple tracks, multilayer surfacing, and spray-welding coating thickness can (0.5mm-4mm) be adjusted in relative broad range.Keep the surfacing parameter stability, can obtain the surface strengthen layer of surfacing, homogeneous microstructure.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102513723A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-06-27 | 广汉川冶新材料有限责任公司 | Welding powder |
| CN103409745A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-11-27 | 吉林大学 | Nickel and nickel alloy alumina reinforced composite surface strengthening layer making method |
| CN103998164A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2014-08-20 | 霍加纳斯股份有限公司 | New material for high velocity oxy fuel spraying, and products made therefrom |
| CN104831224A (en) * | 2015-05-09 | 2015-08-12 | 芜湖鼎恒材料技术有限公司 | Hard WC-Co-B-Ni coating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105063545A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-18 | 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 | Plasma arc spraying welding method for glass mold cavity |
| CN106337160A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-01-18 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | Mold surface ultra-hardening treatment technology |
| CN107214488A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-29 | 常熟市兄弟玻璃模具有限公司 | A kind of processing method of glass mold |
| CN107620029A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-23 | 合肥恒大江海泵业股份有限公司 | A kind of plasma spray welding method of WC particle and iron(-)base powder |
| CN110317930A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-11 | 河源市兴达源模具有限公司 | A kind of automobile die method for surface hardening |
| CN111188037A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-05-22 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Fe-based alloy powder for hot extrusion die laser cladding and application thereof |
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| CN102513723A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-06-27 | 广汉川冶新材料有限责任公司 | Welding powder |
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| CN103998164A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2014-08-20 | 霍加纳斯股份有限公司 | New material for high velocity oxy fuel spraying, and products made therefrom |
| CN103409745A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-11-27 | 吉林大学 | Nickel and nickel alloy alumina reinforced composite surface strengthening layer making method |
| CN104831224A (en) * | 2015-05-09 | 2015-08-12 | 芜湖鼎恒材料技术有限公司 | Hard WC-Co-B-Ni coating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105063545A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-18 | 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 | Plasma arc spraying welding method for glass mold cavity |
| CN106337160A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-01-18 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | Mold surface ultra-hardening treatment technology |
| CN107214488A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-29 | 常熟市兄弟玻璃模具有限公司 | A kind of processing method of glass mold |
| CN107620029A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-23 | 合肥恒大江海泵业股份有限公司 | A kind of plasma spray welding method of WC particle and iron(-)base powder |
| CN110317930A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-11 | 河源市兴达源模具有限公司 | A kind of automobile die method for surface hardening |
| CN111188037A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-05-22 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Fe-based alloy powder for hot extrusion die laser cladding and application thereof |
| CN111843146A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-10-30 | 威海浩洋机械制造有限公司 | Welding method for wear-resistant materials |
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