CN103911612B - The Cr12MoV cold punching die laser repairing process that wolfram varbide is cladding alloy is added with cobalt-based - Google Patents
The Cr12MoV cold punching die laser repairing process that wolfram varbide is cladding alloy is added with cobalt-based Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses and a kind ofly add with cobalt-based the Cr12MoV cold punching die laser repairing process that wolfram varbide is cladding alloy, comprise the following steps: 1) clear up cold punching die surface imperfection, remove surperficial polishing scratch, greasy dirt and tiny crack; 2) adopt Fe316 powdered alloy as prime coat, laser bottoming cladding; 3) adopt Co06+WC powdered alloy as capping layer, after mold cools down arrives 300-600 DEG C, laser melting coating capping layer; 4) mechanical workout is carried out to clad layer surface.This technique can realize obtaining under without the need to the condition of preheating that interface bond strength is high, dense structure, flawless cladding layer, the microhardness of cladding layer reaches 58-62HRC9.8N, particularly cladding layer has good wear resistance, can meet the work-ing life that production requirement can improve cold punching die.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser melting and coating technique field, relate to the surface repairing method of mould, be specifically related to a kind ofly add with cobalt-based the Cr12MoV cold punching die laser repairing process that wolfram varbide is cladding alloy.
Background technology
Cr12MoV steel is a kind of alloy tool steel, and carbon content is 1.45% ~ 1.7%, has high-hardenability, and during quenching, volume change is little, can be used to manufacture that section is larger, complex-shaped, the various mould that stands greater impact load and instrument.Such as, the insert on complex-shaped punching concave die, complicated die, steel plate press-through die, wortle, cold extruding die, cold cut scissors etc.Be applied in the Cr12MoV steel in cold punching die, due to work under bad environment (impacting with high pressure, interruption load), local easily produces wearing and tearing.In addition, cold stamping product is generally the finished product, no longer carries out machining, requires strict, so abrasion loss less in mould also can affect stamping products quality, cause whole mould to be scrapped for the surface quality of mould and dimensional precision etc.
Adopt surface overlaying, spraying and melting and coating technique repairing mould surface imperfection, strengthening surface performance for raising die life, reduce production cost and economize on resources significant.Restorative procedure for mould mainly contains Bead weld repair, thermospray reparation, Brush Plating reparation, plasma spraying reparation and laser melting coating recovery technique etc.The more employing of current industrialization be arc surfacing restorative procedure.Plasma spray welding technology is adopted to prepare wolfram varbide reinforced composite (Ni-based add 10% ~ 20% cobalt-based tungsten-carbide powder from appearance type powdered alloy NiCrBSi) coating at H13 surface of hot die steel in Chinese patent CN102212771A, point out to adopt small electric stream to fall low_input_power, wolfram varbide is remained as far as possible as Hard Inclusion wild phase, to improve the surface property (wear resistance) of coating, reach the effect of rectification of defects or strengthening matrix.But in Cr12MoV cold punching die reparation application, because a large amount of wolfram varbide does not melt, cause coating hardness lower, the service requirements of Cr12MoV cold punching die cannot be met.
When adopting arc surfacing method to press tool surface reconditioning, have equipment simple, flexible to operation, not by features such as workplace restrictions.But also there is following shortcoming: the heat affecting of arc surfacing to matrix is large; Be not suitable for repairing complicated die; Before and after built-up welding, amount of machining is large, and efficiency is low; Need thermal pretreatment before reparation, add rehabilitation cost.In view of more than, adopt laser melting and coating technique to repair Cr12MoV cold punching die in the present invention.In the hot input set of laser melting and coating technique, heat affected zone is little; Microstructure of surface cladding layer is fine and close; Amount of finish is little, and remediation efficiency is high.
Adopt no-co ferrous alloy powder laser melting coating to repair sealing face of nuclear power valve in patent CN101797643A to point out, cladding layer microhardness is 1.6 ~ 1.8 times of stainless steel base, has good high temperature abrasion resistance and anti-corrosion property at high temperature.But wear and tear by impacting with high pressure in Cr12MoV cold punching die, need hard high-wearing feature, no-co ferrous powder is not suitable for.Adopt laser melting and coating technique to carry out reparation to flaring die in patent CN103343338A to point out,, wear resistance lower in matrix surface first cladding one deck hardness generally organizes comparatively fine and close powdered alloy, the powdered alloy (selected two kinds of alloys are iron(-)base powder) that cladding one deck hardness is high again, wear resistance is good, preheating is not needed before cladding, do not need after cladding to carry out anneal to mould, repair layer hardness higher (average out to 57.4HRC) after cladding.And Cr12MoV press tool steel in the present invention is required that hardness is more than 60HRC, therefore other powdered alloys need be adopted.The precedent adopting nickel-base alloy Cr12MoV mould to be carried out to laser melting coating reparation is had in prior art.Adopt nickel-base alloy cladding layer to be combined with die matrix well, microstructure of surface cladding layer is fine and close, has good wear resistance.But nickel-base alloy cladding layer hardness is lower, and the blending of nickel-base alloy and wolfram varbide hard phase is poor, and hardness and the wear resistance of adding cladding layer after wolfram varbide still can not meet production requirement.Hard phase adds re-melt deposit welding too much and is inclined to serious.How laser melting and coating technique is effectively applied to Cr12MoV press tool reparation, realizes obtaining under without the need to the condition of preheating that interface bond strength is high, dense structure, flawless cladding layer, be the problem that those skilled in the art needs to solve.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to solve the problems of the technologies described above, and provides a kind of and adds with cobalt-based the Cr12MoV cold punching die laser repairing process that wolfram varbide is cladding alloy, and it is high that heat input is repaired in arc surfacing, renovation technique complexity, and spraying reparation bonding strength is low; The cladding layer capability of laser melting coating ferrous alloy and nickel-base alloy does not reach production requirement etc., this technique can realize obtaining under without the need to the condition of preheating that interface bond strength is high, dense structure, flawless cladding layer, the microhardness of cladding layer is high, particularly cladding layer has good wear resistance, can meet production requirement.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals to realize:
1. add with cobalt-based the Cr12MoV cold punching die laser repairing process that wolfram varbide is cladding alloy, comprise the following steps:
1) cold punching die surface imperfection is cleared up;
2) laser melting coating Fe316 powdered alloy, cladding thickness is 1-2mm;
3) after mold cools down arrives 300-600 DEG C, laser melting coating Co06+WC powdered alloy, cladding thickness is 1.5-2.5mm;
4) mechanical workout is carried out to clad layer surface.
Above-mentionedly add with cobalt-based the Cr12MoV cold punching die laser repairing process that wolfram varbide is cladding alloy, specifically comprise the following steps:
1) clear up cold punching die surface imperfection, remove surperficial polishing scratch, greasy dirt and tiny crack;
2) laser melting coating Fe316 powdered alloy is as prime coat, and the massfraction of described Fe316 powdered alloy chemical composition is: C0.06-0.08%, Si0.5-1%, Mn1.4-2.0%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.03%, Ni12-15%, Cr16-18%, all the other are Fe, the processing parameter of laser melting coating Fe316 powdered alloy: laser power is 2.8-3.8kW, cladding speed 2-4mm/s, the pre-set thickness of prime coat is 1-2mm, and facular model is rectangular light spot, spot size 17mm × 1.5mm;
3) after mold cools down arrives 300-600 DEG C, laser apparatus cladding Co06+WC powdered alloy is as capping layer, the mass percent of described Co06 powdered alloy chemical composition is: C0.8-1.15%, Ni2.5-3%, Cr28-32%, Fe2-3%, Mn0.6-1%, Mo0.6-1%, all the other are Co, the processing parameter of laser melting coating Co06+WC powdered alloy: laser power is 3-4kW, cladding speed 3-4mm/s, the pre-set thickness 1.5-2.5mm of capping layer, shielding gas is argon gas, flow 2.5L/min, facular model is rectangular light spot, spot size 17mm × 1.5mm;
4) mechanical workout is carried out to clad layer surface.
In above-mentioned Co06+WC powdered alloy, WC is the 15-25% of Co06 quality, preferably 20%.
Use after above-mentioned Fe316 powdered alloy dries 2h at 150 DEG C.
Use after above-mentioned Co06+WC alloy dries 2h at 150 DEG C.
Above-mentioned Co06+WC powdered alloy adopts artificial mixed powder.
Cladding in aforesaid method adopts hot overlapping mode, and overlapping rate is 40%.
Shielding gas argon gas can be used, flow 2.5L/min in aforesaid method.
Co06+20%WC refers to that in powdered alloy, WC is 20% of Co06 quality.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
In the hot input set of laser melting and coating technique of the present invention, heat affected zone is little, and microstructure of surface cladding layer is fine and close, has both decreased amount of finish and has turn improved efficiency, reduces rehabilitation cost, improves resource utilization.
The present invention repairs Cr12MoV cold punching die laser melting coating, and repair process is simple, and amount of finish is little, strong operability.Cladding layer and matrix, associativity between prime coat and capping layer are strong, cladding layer flawless.
This technique can realize obtaining under without the need to the condition of preheating that interface bond strength is high, dense structure, flawless cladding layer, the microhardness of cladding layer reaches 58-62HRC9.8N, particularly cladding layer has good wear resistance, can meet the work-ing life that production requirement can improve cold punching die.
Adopt the laser melting and coating process of Fe316 powdered alloy bottoming and Co06+WC powdered alloy capping, achieve the without preheating laser repairing of Cr12MoV cold punching die.Be that cladding key coat hot cracking tendency is comparatively large after 20% wolfram varbide hard phase because Co06 powdered alloy adds massfraction, Fe316 mild alloy powder bottoming cladding avoids this problem.
In Fe316 powdered alloy Ni element (12-15%) and Cr element (16-18%) content more, can two-phase structure be formed, improve the plasticity bottom cladding layer and toughness, reduce the hot cracking tendency of cladding key coat; Fe316 laser bottoming cladding also provides thermal pretreatment for the capping cladding of Co06+WC alloy, reduces the speed of cooling of capping cladding layer, reduces the crackle tendency of capping cladding layer simultaneously.
Adopt cheap Fe316 powdered alloy to compensate for product size as bottoming cladding, decrease the usage quantity of expensive cobalt base alloy, reduce the cost of mould repair.
In Cr12MoV cold punching die laser melting coating, to the shaping of cladding layer, microstructure and performance impact maximum be laser power and cladding speed.The present invention specify that the best laser melting coating power (3-4kW) that laser melting coating Co06+WC powdered alloy adopts and cladding speed (3-4mm/s).The mobility of cobalt base alloy is poor, more responsive for laser power parameters.Under the condition that cladding speed is certain, laser power is too small, and the speed of cooling of cladding layer is too fast, and not only mobility is poorer, and crackle tendency is also more serious, so laser power should be larger in the power range of laser apparatus permission.Laser power 3-4kW is selected according to the technical qualification of adopted LDF4000-100 fiber coupled laser diode in the present invention.And under the certain condition of laser power, due in the hot input set of laser melting coating, suitably can improve cladding speed prevents overheated, also can improve remediation efficiency when cladding speed is in addition larger, reduce production cost.But cladding speed is too high, larger thermograde will be formed and produce very large unrelieved stress, easily bring out the generation of crackle, in the present invention, select cladding speed 3-4mm/s according to laser melting coating watt level.Adopt renovation technique of the present invention to reduce rehabilitation cost, improve resource utilization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the surface topography that after embodiment 1 laser repairing, Cr12MoV die steel plane repairs cladding layer;
Fig. 2 is surface and the fracture apperance of Cr12MoV die point cladding layer after the reparation of embodiment 2 laser melting coating;
Fig. 3 is the fracture apperance of Cr12MoV die point cladding layer after the reparation of embodiment 2 laser melting coating.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Die point is the position of the most easily losing efficacy, laser melting coating reparation is carried out to the Cr12MoV cold stamping die steel cutting edge workpiece surface (there is the polishing scratch defect of thickness 1mm on surface) that length is 50mm, width is 12mm, thickness is 11mm, makes its final size be 50 × 12 × 12mm workpiece.Adopt and add with cobalt-based the Cr12MoV press tool laser repairing process that wolfram varbide is cladding alloy, concrete technology step is:
(1) with sharpening machine, surface imperfection is cleared up to Cr12MoV die steel Workpiece length direction one side, remove surperficial polishing scratch, greasy dirt etc.;
(2) LDF4000-100 fiber coupled laser diode is adopted, adjust equipment, with Fe316 powdered alloy as prime coat, this powdered alloy 200g has been incubated 2h and has dried at 150 DEG C of temperature, and adjustment laser power is 3.6kW, and cladding speed is 3mm/s, laser bottoming cladding, cladding layer thickness is 1mm, in cladding process, and rectangular light spot spot centers and workpiece repair surface center superposition;
(3) use Co06+WC powdered alloy as capping layer, to be 160g, WC quality by Co06 quality in powdered alloy be, and 40g is incubated 2h at 150 DEG C of temperature dries, etc. mold cools down to after 450 DEG C, adjustment laser power is 3.8kW, and cladding speed is 4mm/s, laser melting coating capping layer, cladding layer thickness is 1.5mm, in cladding process, and rectangular light spot spot centers and workpiece repair surface center superposition, repair surface is 50 × 12mm, and whole repair surface is paved with powdered alloy used;
(5) by cladding work-piece cools to room temperature, carry out mechanical workout to clad layer surface, make die surface as before smooth, size is in standard tolerance.
Wherein the mass percent of prime coat Fe316 powdered alloy chemical composition is: C0.07%, Si0.3%, Ni12.43%, Cr17.14%, Mn0.44%, and all the other are Fe.
The mass percent of capping layer Co06 powdered alloy chemical composition is: C0.91%, Ni2.27%, Cr29.09%, Mn0.18%, Mo0.4%, all the other are Co.
Adopt Fe316 bottoming to Cr12MoV cold punching die surface wear place, Co06+20%WC capping laser melting coating is repaired, and result cladding layer capability meets die production requirement, can improve die life.As shown in Figure 1, be the surface topography of Co06+20%WC cladding layer after grinding machine processing, the defect such as pore-free, crackle in cladding layer can be found; Recording cladding layer average hardness by HV-1000 microhardness tester is 61HRC (except Undissolving carbide particle); Wear resistance is apparently higher than matrix.
Embodiment 2
Laser melting coating is carried out on the two sides perpendicular to the Cr12MoV cold stamping die steel cutting edge (serious wear) that length is 30mm, width is 30mm, thickness is 12mm, makes cutting edge conformance with standard dimensional requirement.Adopt and add with cobalt-based the Cr12MoV press tool laser repairing process that wolfram varbide is cladding alloy, concrete processing step is:
(1) with sharpening machine, surface imperfection is cleared up on vertical for Cr12MoV die steel Workpiece length direction two sides, remove surperficial polishing scratch, greasy dirt etc.;
(2) LDF4000-100 fiber coupled laser diode is adopted, adjust equipment, first laser melting coating is carried out to wide one side, with Fe316 powdered alloy as prime coat, this powder 300g dries 2h before using at 150 DEG C of temperature, adjustment laser power is 3.6kW, cladding speed is 3mm/s, laser bottoming cladding, cladding layer thickness 1mm, the facular model adopted in cladding process is rectangular light spot, spot size 17mm × 1.5mm, rectangular light spot spot centers and workpiece repair surface center superposition;
(3) adopt Co06+WC powdered alloy as capping layer, be 240g by powdered alloy Co06 quality, WC quality is that 60g dries 2h at 150 DEG C of temperature, after mold cools down is to 350 DEG C, adjustment laser power is 3.8kW, cladding speed is 4mm/s, laser melting coating capping layer, cladding layer thickness 1.5mm, the overlapping rate of cladding layer is 40%, controlling interlayer temperature in cladding process is 350 DEG C, the facular model adopted in cladding process is rectangular light spot, spot size 17mm × 1.5mm, rectangular light spot spot centers and workpiece repair surface center superposition, repair surface is 30 × 30mm and 30 × 12mm vertical surface, whole repair surface is paved with powdered alloy used,
(4) for workpiece another side, repeat above step and carry out laser melting coating;
(5) work-piece cools is to room temperature, carries out mechanical workout to clad layer surface, makes die surface as before smooth, size in standard tolerance, the especially size at cutting edge place.
The mass percent of prime coat Fe316 powdered alloy chemical composition is: C0.07%, Si0.3%, Ni12.43%, Cr17.14%, Mn0.44%, and all the other are Fe.
The mass percent of capping layer Co06 powdered alloy chemical composition is: C0.91%, Ni2.27%, Cr29.09%, Mn0.18%, Mo0.4%, all the other are Co.
Die point is the position that mould the most easily lost efficacy, Fe316 bottoming is adopted to Cr12MoV cold punching die cutting edge place, Co06+WC capping laser melting coating is repaired, and result shows that cladding layer capability meets the job requirement of mould, significant to the raising whole mold use life-span.Be illustrated in figure 3 Cr12MoV die point laser melting coating repair after clad layer surface and cross-section morphology, die point place cladding layer arc transition, the defect such as folding can be found; Cladding layer is combined with matrix very well, the defect such as not to crack.By HV1000 microhardness tester, to measure Fe316 cladding layer average hardness be 38HRC, Co06+20%WC average hardness is 61HRC (except Undissolving carbide particle).
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And these belong to the present invention the apparent change of amplifying out or variation be still among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. add with cobalt-based the Cr12MoV cold punching die laser repairing process that wolfram varbide is cladding alloy, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) cold punching die surface imperfection is cleared up;
2) laser melting coating Fe316 powdered alloy, the massfraction of each composition of described Fe316 powdered alloy is: C0.06-0.08%, Si0.5-1%, Mn1.4-2.0%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.03%, Ni12-15%, Cr16-18%, all the other are Fe, the processing parameter of laser melting coating Fe316 powdered alloy: laser power is 2.8-3.8kW, cladding speed 2-4mm/s, pre-set thickness is 1-2mm, shielding gas is argon gas, flow 2.5L/min, facular model is rectangular light spot, spot size 17mm × 1.5mm;
3) after mold cools down arrives 300-600 DEG C, laser melting coating Co06+WC powdered alloy, the mass percent of each composition of described Co06 powdered alloy is: C0.8-1.15%, Ni2.5-3%, Cr28-32%, Fe2-3%, Mn0.6-1%, Mo0.6-1%, all the other are Co, the processing parameter of laser melting coating Co06+WC powdered alloy: laser power is 3-4kW, cladding speed 3-4mm/s, pre-set thickness 1.5-2.5mm, facular model is rectangular light spot, spot size 17mm × 1.5mm, in described Co06+WC powdered alloy, the quality of WC is the 15-25% of Co06 quality;
4) mechanical workout is carried out to clad layer surface.
2. laser repairing process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 3), the quality of WC is 20% of Co06 quality.
3. laser repairing process as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 2) Fe316 powdered alloy at 150 DEG C, dry 2h after use.
4. laser repairing process as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, use after the Co06+WC powdered alloy in described step 3) dries 2h at 150 DEG C.
5. laser repairing process as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the Co06+WC powdered alloy in described step 3) adopts artificial mixed powder.
6. laser repairing process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the cladding in described step 3) adopts hot overlapping mode, and overlapping rate is 40%.
7. laser repairing process as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 3) uses shielding gas argon gas, flow 2.5L/min.
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| CN104480461A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-01 | 广西科技大学 | Laser cladding method for Cr12MoV steel through multiple overlapping of Ni60/SiC composite powder |
| CN104451668A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-25 | 广西科技大学 | Cr12MoV steel laser-cladded iron-based alloy |
| CN104962905A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-07 | 北京瑞观光电科技有限公司 | High-speed rail wheel die laser alloying method |
| CN106702371A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2017-05-24 | 昆山鑫昌泰模具科技有限公司 | Laser cladding technology capable of prolonging life of H13 hot forging die |
| CN105252203B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-07-25 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | The restorative procedure of mould crackle |
| CN105239070A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-13 | 南京理工大学 | Method for repairing and strengthening surface of hot work die |
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| CN109518179A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-26 | 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司 | A kind of tool and its manufacturing method with cutting edge |
| CN108118332A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-06-05 | 山东能源重装集团鲁南装备制造有限公司 | A kind of method for improving warm and hot forging die life |
| CN109468634B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2021-02-02 | 沈阳大陆激光技术有限公司 | Process method for recovering precision of rolling mill step pad by laser cladding technology |
| CN114481127A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-13 | 安徽中科春谷激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | Cladding process for laser cladding reinforced punch |
| CN114908346A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-16 | 泽高新智造(广东)科技有限公司 | Laser cladding hard alloy strengthening method for stamping and stretching die |
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| CN102146563B (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2013-01-30 | 张昆 | Production process for intelligent temperature adjusting steel rail with laser cladding layer and heat insulation coating |
| CN103498153A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-01-08 | 江苏翌煜能源科技发展有限公司 | Laser cladding method for surface of drill bit |
| CN103668186B (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-03-23 | 山东大学 | A kind of titanium alloy laser melting coating surface reinforcing method |
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