CN105077244A - Preparation method of lycopene microcapsules - Google Patents
Preparation method of lycopene microcapsules Download PDFInfo
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- CN105077244A CN105077244A CN201510532491.9A CN201510532491A CN105077244A CN 105077244 A CN105077244 A CN 105077244A CN 201510532491 A CN201510532491 A CN 201510532491A CN 105077244 A CN105077244 A CN 105077244A
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- 235000012661 lycopene Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of lycopene microcapsules. The preparation method includes: preparing a wall and a core; adopting whey protein isolate and low-energy sugar to prepare the wall through Maillard reaction; dissolving lycopene in ethyl acetate, and stirring at temperature of 55-65 DEG C for dissolving to obtain a core solution; subjecting the wall and the core to homogeneous emulsification, and preparing the lycopene microcapsules through a method of spray drying. Compared with other existing walls, the preparation method has the advantages that a glycosylated product can be directly taken as a novel emulsifier, so that adding of several other emulsifiers is not needed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field such as food, medicine, the present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of novel lycopene microcapsule, after the glycosylation of particularly a kind of whey isolate protein and noenergy, prepare the method for microcapsule wall material.
Background technology
Lycopene is one of major carotenoids of each tissue and blood plasma in human body, and be mainly distributed in the organs such as blood, adrenal gland, liver, testis, prostate, mammary gland, ovary, uterus and alimentary canal, its molecular formula is C
40h
56, be the isomer of beta carotene.Large quantity research shows both at home and abroad, and lycopene has singlet-oxygen quenching, removes the effect of the aspects such as interior free yl, blocking nitrosamine formation formation, antiproliferative effect.At present, Expert C-on Food Additive of the United Nations assert that lycopene is category-A nutrient, is widely used in health food, medicine and cosmetics industry by more than 50 countries and regions.The food coloring of European Economic Community's permission to use includes lycopene.
Lycopene is the Carotenoids that the ability of removing singlet oxygen is the strongest.But lycopene physicochemical properties show as hydrophobicity, limit its application in food and medicine.And planar conjugate many ethylenic unsaturations hydrocarbon structure of lycopene, not only cause its easy oxidized decomposition, also make it easily transform to along structure from anti-structure simultaneously.In the extraction and isolation to lycopene, processing process and storage process, because heat, light, acid, alkali, surfactant, Oxidizing and Reducing Agents etc. all can promote that these change, this just requires to carry out food processing and application to it under the prerequisite of the physiological function not affecting lycopene.Microcapsules technology be one more novel, of many uses, develop new technology rapidly.Be no matter hydrophily or oil loving gas, liquid or solid can be embedded, protection core, from ambient influnence, can also shield taste and smell simultaneously, reduces healthhazard, reduces toxic and side effect etc.
Summary of the invention
The object of this part is some aspects of general introduction embodiments of the invention and briefly introduces some preferred embodiments.May do in the specification digest and denomination of invention of this part and the application a little simplify or omit with avoid making this part, specification digest and denomination of invention object fuzzy, and this simplification or omit and can not be used for limiting the scope of the invention.
In view of Problems existing in the preparation method of above-mentioned and/or existing lycopene microcapsule, propose the present invention.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel lycopene microcapsule wall material, further improvement is done to existing On Technique of Microencapsulation of Lycopene technique, thus greatly widen its application in food industry.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of preparation method of lycopene microcapsule, comprising the preparation of wall material and core, it adopts whey isolate protein and low-energy sugar to prepare wall-forming material through Maillard reaction; Be dissolved in by lycopene in ethyl acetate, at 55 ~ 65 DEG C, stirring and dissolving obtains core material solution; By described wall material and core through emulsifying, prepare lycopene microcapsule by spray-dired method.
As a kind of preferred version of the preparation method of lycopene microcapsule of the present invention, wherein, described low-energy sugar is FOS and/or xylo-oligosaccharide.
As a kind of preferred version of the preparation method of lycopene microcapsule of the present invention, wherein, described employing whey isolate protein and low-energy sugar prepare wall-forming material through Maillard reaction, wherein, ratio 1 ~ 2:1 ~ 2, the control pH value of reaction system of whey isolate protein and low-energy sugar are 7 ~ 11, at 90 DEG C, reaction time 1 ~ 4h prepares MRPs product.
As a kind of preferred version of the preparation method of lycopene microcapsule of the present invention, wherein, described wall material is prepared by following methods: control the MRPs that different wall material formulas prepares whey isolate protein and FOS, the solid content of the fixing whey isolate protein aqueous solution is 6% (w/w), fix the core wall ratio of 1:6, control reaction system pH=9, at 90 DEG C, react 2h, prepare MRPs product by the ratio changing protein and low-energy sugar.
As a kind of preferred version of the preparation method of lycopene microcapsule of the present invention, wherein, described wall material is prepared by following methods: control the MRPs that different wall material formulas prepares whey isolate protein and xylo-oligosaccharide, the solid content of the fixing whey isolate protein aqueous solution is 6% (w/w), fix the core wall ratio of 1:6, control reaction system pH=10, at 90 DEG C, react 3h, prepare MRPs product by the ratio changing whey isolate protein and xylo-oligosaccharide.
As a kind of preferred version of the preparation method of lycopene microcapsule of the present invention, wherein, described emulsifying comprises the following steps: get the core material solution mixed and join in wall material solution, and stir fully, again by the method for rotary evaporation, at 35 ~ 40 DEG C, low temperature evaporates organic solvent unnecessary in mixed liquor, homogeneous 3 ~ 5min under 12000 ~ 15000r/min condition.
As a kind of preferred version of the preparation method of lycopene microcapsule of the present invention, wherein, described spray drying process is: first obtain microcapsules by carrying out spraying dry through high-pressure homogeneous emulsion, spraying dry EAT is 190 DEG C, leaving air temp is 80 ~ 90 DEG C, and feeding temperature is 50 ~ 55 DEG C.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention adopts FOS and xylo-oligosaccharide, because they are not easily directly absorbed by the body, therefore can be applicable to and diabetic, the content of cholesterol in serum and triglycerides can also be reduced, meanwhile, glycosylation can suppress the allergic reaction characteristic of beta lactoglobulin to a certain extent.Therefore the glycation product of the low-yield sugar of development and utilization and whey isolate protein prepares the range of application that wall material embedding lycopene can widen maillard reaction product.In addition, relative to other wall materials existing, glycation product can directly as a kind of novel emulsifying agent, does not need to add some other emulsifying agent again.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Electronic Speculum figure of the lycopene microcapsule obtained as wall material using whey isolate protein and FOS glycation product;
Fig. 2 is the Electronic Speculum figure of the lycopene microcapsule obtained as wall material using whey isolate protein and xylo-oligosaccharide glycation product.
Detailed description of the invention
For enabling above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage become apparent more, are described in detail the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with Figure of description.
Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also adopt other to be different from alternate manner described here to implement, those skilled in the art can when without prejudice to doing similar popularization when intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is by the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
Secondly, alleged herein " embodiment " or " embodiment " refers to special characteristic, structure or the characteristic that can be contained at least one implementation of the present invention.Different local in this manual " in one embodiment " occurred not all refers to same embodiment, neither be independent or optionally mutually exclusive with other embodiments embodiment.
Take a certain amount of whey isolate protein, FOS, xylo-oligosaccharide.Whey isolate protein is first made to dissolve in deionized water, stir, hold over night makes its complete aquation, then FOS, xylo-oligosaccharide solution is distributed to completely in protein solution, stir, finally by NaOH solution, the pH of the protein sugar solution mixed is adjusted to alkalescence.Then transfer in tool plug flask, add thermal response certain hour at a certain temperature, after reaction terminates, in ice-water bath, cooling, with cessation reaction, obtains the maillard reaction product of whey isolate protein and FOS and whey isolate protein and xylo-oligosaccharide respectively rapidly.Preparation and the impact of characteristic on microcapsule embedded effect of the wall material of microencapsulation are extremely important, the part that first will solve in the preferably micro-encapsulation technology of therefore wall material, and preferred wall material is obtained by following methods:
The different Maillard reaction time is adopted to prepare MRPs.The ratio of fixed core wall ratio, protein and sugar, at certain Maillard reaction temperature, control the pH value of reaction system, adopt different Maillard reaction time (1,2,3 and 4h) the microcapsules lycopene product of preparation using MRPs as wall material.
Control different Maillard reaction system pH and prepare MRPs: the impact of system pH on product kind is extremely important, it realizes mainly through carbonyl and amino ionization carried out in various degree in different pH environment.So can according to the different adjustment medium pH of the character of material and required product species.The ratio of fixed core wall ratio, protein and sugar, at certain Maillard reaction temperature the controlled Maillard reaction time, adopt different Maillard reaction system pH (7,8,9,10 and 11h) the Lycopene Microencapsulation product of preparation using MRPs as wall material.
Control different wall material formulas and prepare MRPs: the composition of wall material can affect some critical natures of microcapsule product as dissolubility, slow release etc.Therefore the impact of wall material formula in microcapsule embedded effect will be considered.The solid content of the fixing whey isolate protein aqueous solution is 6% (w/w), fixed core wall ratio, controlling reaction system pH, under certain reaction temperature, reacting certain hour, by changing the Lycopene Microencapsulation product of ratio (1:1,1:2,2:1) preparation using MRPs as wall material of protein and FOS, xylo-oligosaccharide.
The preparation method of oil phase: be dissolved in by 5g lycopene in 50mL ethyl acetate, carries out stirring and dissolving and obtains oil phase at 60 DEG C.
The preparation of microcapsules: get the oil phase that 10mL mixes and slowly join in wall material aqueous phase, and stir fully, consider the thermal sensitivity of lycopene, again by the method for rotary evaporation, low-temperature evaporation goes out organic solvent unnecessary in mixed liquor, thus obtain the emulsion of the solid content meeting this experimental design, then through tissue mashing machine's homogeneous (15000r/min, 3min).
Control different homogenization pressures and prepare lycopene emulsion.Homogenization pressure contributes to core and wall material fully mixes thus improves embedding effect, but homogenization pressure is too high also can make that lycopene emulsion droplet diminishes, system surface free energy increases, thus cause the status pole of system unstable, have and automatically reduce interface and reconsolidate and become large trend, make emulsion unstable, reduce embedding effect.Emulsion after tissue mashing machine's homogeneous is adopted different homogenization pressures (20MPa, 30MPa, 40Mpa, 50MPa), homogeneous twice.
Spray-dired method: spraying dry EAT is 190 DEG C, leaving air temp is 80 ~ 90 DEG C, and feeding temperature is 50 ~ 55 DEG C.
ESEM microscopy: the form of observing lycopene microcapsule under ESEM.
O/W type emulsion is prepared according to the fat-soluble feature of lycopene.Preparation method comprises process optimization prepared by wall material, the allotment of core material solution, core material solution mix with wall material solution after through tissue mashing machine's homogeneous, again through high-pressure homogeneous, lycopene can be evenly dispersed in wall material, obtain evenly, stable O/W type emulsion.
(1) with the ratio of 1:2 add the whey isolate protein matter of 6g and 12g FOS, control pH value of reaction system and be 9, at 90 DEG C, heat the MRPs product that 1 ~ 4h preparation is relevant respectively.
Now, in this embodiment, research finds: the heat time has important impact to lycopene microcapsule embedding rate.Maillard reaction can promote the stretching, extension of whey isolate protein, thus causes the exposure of hydrophobic grouping, and carbohydrate molecule is connected on hydrophobic grouping simultaneously.Along with the increase of heat time, the carbohydrate molecule amount be connected on albumen also increases thereupon, thus destroys original tight structure, defines sterically hindered.The thickness of the protective layer therefore making emulsion be formed increases, thus increases its emulsion stability.But continue heating, Maillard reaction can form some micromolecular compounds, these micromolecular compounds can not well be positioned on oil-water interfaces, and finally cause the minimizing of emulsion stability, and the emulsifying activity of glycosylated compound and the impact of emulsion stability on embedding efficiency and productive rate most important.
And pH value affects the very important factor of lycopene microcapsule embedding effect in system.Along with the increase of pH, reaction environment gradually become alkalescence, electrostatic charge on polypeptide chain increases, this can cause intermolecular electrostatic repulsion to increase, finally cause thickening of the diffusion of electric double layer and solution interface, thus be conducive to the development of micella, can emulsifying activity be improved accordingly.
Different wall material ratio affects the vital factor of lycopene embedding efficiency.Because the amount of whey isolate protein is certain in emulsion, the ratio of less whey isolate protein and FOS and xylo-oligosaccharide causes solids content higher in emulsion, and this contributes to spraying granule rapid curing, thus adds embedding effect.Therefore the suitableeest wall material ratio is---whey isolate protein: FOS=1:2, whey isolate protein: xylo-oligosaccharide=1:2.
(2) preparation method of core material solution: be dissolved in by 5g lycopene in 50mL ethyl acetate, carries out stirring and dissolving fast and obtains oil phase at 60 DEG C.
(3) preparation of microcapsule emulsion: get the core material solution that 10mL mixes and slowly join in wall material solution, and stir fully, consider the thermal sensitivity of lycopene, again by the method for rotary evaporation, at 35 ~ 40 DEG C, low temperature evaporates organic solvent unnecessary in mixed liquor, thus obtain the emulsion of the solid content meeting this experimental design, homogeneous 3 ~ 5min under 12000 ~ 15000r/min condition.
(4) control different homogenization pressures and prepare lycopene microcapsule emulsion.Homogenization pressure contributes to core and wall material fully mixes thus improves embedding effect, but homogenization pressure is too high also can make that lycopene emulsion droplet diminishes, system surface free energy increases, thus cause the status pole of system unstable, have and automatically reduce interface and reconsolidate and become large trend, make emulsion unstable, reduce embedding effect.Microcapsule emulsion after tissue mashing machine's homogeneous is adopted different homogenization pressures (20MPa, 30MPa, 40Mpa, 50MPa), homogeneous twice.High pressure makes emulsion become droplet, thus adds the speed of quality transmission and moisture evaporation in spray process.Along with the increase of homogenization pressure, the drop of emulsion diminishes gradually, emulsion drop diminishes and is conducive to emulsion intercalation method, prevent the gathering of emulsion droplet simultaneously, but, when homogenization pressure increases to 50MPa time, the drop of emulsion has the trend that change is large, this is due to when pressure exceedes certain value, emulsion droplet is too small, the surface free energy of system is caused to increase, thus make system unstable, therefore the trend of the future development reduced from trend entropy can be produced, this means that granule will be assembled again and become large, thus cause emulsion unstable, embedding efficiency is reduced.
Thus, analysis can obtain preferred plan---
Embodiment 1:
By through preferred wall material formula wiring solution-forming: with the ratio of 1:2 add the whey isolate protein matter of 6g and 12g FOS, control reaction system pH=9, at 90 DEG C, react 2h, slowly join in wall material solution in the core material solution that 10mL is mixed, and stir fully, by the method for rotary evaporation, at 35 ~ 40 DEG C, low temperature evaporates organic solvent unnecessary in mixed liquor, homogeneous 3min under 15000r/min condition.By the homogeneous twice under the homogenization pressure of 40MPa of the microcapsule emulsion after tissue mashing machine's homogeneous.
Embodiment 2:
By through preferred wall material formula wiring solution-forming: with the ratio of 1:2 add the whey isolate protein matter of 6g and 12g xylo-oligosaccharide, control reaction system pH=10, at 90 DEG C, react 3h, slowly join in wall material solution in the core material solution that 10mL is mixed, and stir fully, by the method for rotary evaporation, at 35 ~ 40 DEG C, low temperature evaporates organic solvent unnecessary in mixed liquor, homogeneous 3min under 15000r/min condition.By the homogeneous twice under the homogenization pressure of 40MPa of the microcapsule emulsion after tissue mashing machine's homogeneous.
The testing result of the present embodiment lycopene microcapsule embedding effect:
Embodiment 3
The method preparing microcapsules according to the physicochemical property of lycopene is as follows:
(1) spray-dired method: carry out spraying dry through high-pressure homogeneous microcapsule emulsion by embodiment 1 and 2, spraying dry EAT is 190 DEG C, and leaving air temp is 80 ~ 90 DEG C, and feeding temperature is 50 ~ 55 DEG C.
(2) microscopy under ESEM: stick one deck double faced adhesive tape on sample platform of scanning electronic microscope, is sprinkling upon on double faced adhesive tape by Lycopene Microencapsulation powder a little in (1), blows away unnecessary powder, then metal spraying, use scanning electron microscopic observation.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, wherein, Fig. 1 is the Electronic Speculum figure of the lycopene microcapsule obtained as wall material using whey isolate protein and FOS glycation product; Fig. 2 is the Electronic Speculum figure of the lycopene microcapsule obtained as wall material using whey isolate protein and xylo-oligosaccharide glycation product.Find, microcapsules mode of appearance is circular, and continuously, free from flaw hole, illustrates that lycopene is all embedded by wall material on surface, and favorable dispersibility.
As can be seen here, the present invention adopts the sugar of low-yield or noenergy and whey isolate protein to obtain wall material by Maillard reaction first, this wall material is to human non-toxic, maillard reaction product is the complex reaction occurred in food processing and storage process, it is the class material that self produces, therefore can think natural, and maillard reaction product has certain antioxygenic property, lycopene can be prevented to be oxidized, the oxidation resistance of Cucumber wherein can compare favourably with conventional antioxidant in food, the BHA with certain carcinogenicity of extensive use in the food industry at present can be substituted, the antioxidants such as BHT.Simultaneously for low-energy sugar as FOS, xylo-oligosaccharide, due to their specific functionality, i.e. low heat value, not easily directly absorbed by the body, therefore can be applicable to and diabetic, the content of cholesterol in serum and triglycerides can also be reduced.Meanwhile, glycosylation can suppress the allergic reaction characteristic of beta lactoglobulin to a certain extent, and the essential amino acid in protein, except lysine has loss on a small quantity, there is no impact to other amino acid.Therefore the glycation product of the low-yield sugar of development and utilization and whey isolate protein prepares the range of application that wall material embedding lycopene can widen maillard reaction product.
The wall material that the present invention adopts obtains based on Maillard reaction mechanism, without any need for chemical reagent as catalyst, only need heating, meanwhile, the glycation product of protein-sugar has higher stability to external environmental factor, because the covalency access of hydrophily sugar chain, the emulsibility tool of protein molecule increases significantly, relative to other wall materials existing, glycation product can directly as a kind of novel emulsifying agent, does not need to add some other emulsifying agent again.
It should be noted that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a preparation method for lycopene microcapsule, comprises the preparation of wall material and core, it is characterized in that:
Whey isolate protein and low-energy sugar is adopted to prepare wall-forming material through Maillard reaction;
Be dissolved in by lycopene in ethyl acetate, at 55 ~ 65 DEG C, stirring and dissolving obtains core material solution;
By described wall material and core through emulsifying, prepare lycopene microcapsule by spray-dired method.
2. the preparation method of lycopene microcapsule as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described low-energy sugar is FOS and/or xylo-oligosaccharide.
3. the preparation method of lycopene microcapsule as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described employing whey isolate protein and low-energy sugar prepare wall-forming material through Maillard reaction, wherein, ratio 1 ~ 2:1 ~ 2, the control pH value of reaction system of whey isolate protein and low-energy sugar are 7 ~ 11, at 90 DEG C, reaction time 1 ~ 4h prepares MRPs product.
4. the preparation method of lycopene microcapsule as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described wall material is prepared by following methods: control the MRPs that different wall material formulas prepares whey isolate protein and FOS, the solid content of the fixing whey isolate protein aqueous solution is 6% (w/w), fix the core wall ratio of 1:6, control reaction system pH=9, at 90 DEG C, react 2h, prepare MRPs product by the ratio changing protein and low-energy sugar.
5. the preparation method of lycopene microcapsule as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described wall material is prepared by following methods: control the MRPs that different wall material formulas prepares whey isolate protein and xylo-oligosaccharide, the solid content of the fixing whey isolate protein aqueous solution is 6% (w/w), fix the core wall ratio of 1:6, control reaction system pH=10, at 90 DEG C, react 3h, prepare MRPs product by the ratio changing whey isolate protein and xylo-oligosaccharide.
6. the preparation method of lycopene microcapsule as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described emulsifying comprises the following steps: get the core material solution mixed and join in wall material solution, and stir fully, again by the method for rotary evaporation, at 35 ~ 40 DEG C, low temperature evaporates organic solvent unnecessary in mixed liquor, homogeneous 3 ~ 5min under 12000 ~ 15000r/min condition.
7. the preparation method of lycopene microcapsule as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described spray drying process is: first obtain microcapsules by carrying out spraying dry through high-pressure homogeneous emulsion, spraying dry EAT is 190 DEG C, leaving air temp is 80 ~ 90 DEG C, and feeding temperature is 50 ~ 55 DEG C.
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