CN105076858A - Special feed for overwintering of pikes and preparation method of special feed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a special feed for the overwintering of pikes. The invention further relates to a preparation method of the special feed for the overwintering of the pikes. The special feed for the overwintering of the pikes, provided by the invention, comprises the following components in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of fish meal, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-20 parts of sunflower seed kernel meal, 8-16 parts of cottonseed meal, 8-16 parts of rice bran, 8-12 parts of enteromorpha, 8-12 parts of sargassum, 6-10 parts of sweet potato flour, 4-8 parts of yak powder, 4-6 parts of silkworm chrysalis, 4-6 parts of clove, 4-6 parts of herb of small goosefoot, 3-5 parts of galanga resurrectionlily rhizome, 3-5 parts of carrots, 3-5 parts of vinasse, 3-5 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 3-5 parts of cassia bark, 2-4 parts of root of multibract raspberry, 2-4 parts of eclipta prostrata, 2-4 parts of glossy privet fruits, 1-3 parts of garlic, 1-3 parts of hawthorn fruits and 1-3 parts of ginger. The special feed for the overwintering of the pikes, provided by the invention, meets nutritional requirements and nutritional balance of the pikes; and the cold resisting capability of the pikes can be enhanced and the immunity of the pikes is improved.

Description

Mullet special feed for living through winter and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of aquiculture animal feed, particularly relate to a kind of mullet special feed for living through winter; The invention still further relates to a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned mullet special feed for living through winter.

Background technology

Mullet (Lizahaematocheila), belong to Mugiliformes Mugiliformes, Mugilidae Mugilidae, translate again golden mullet or barracuda, be commonly called as extra large wolf or sparrow brocade, mullet is short and wide, body extension, anterior cylindrical, rear portion is flat-sided gradually, back of the body edge is straight, and belly is rounded, is one of important economic fish in warm band neritic area.Fierce and malicious and the tool aggressive of mullet individual character, likes to set out in groups.Mullet all has distribution in the world, mainly inhabit the Nearshore Shallow Sea area that the depth of water is no more than 10m, at fresh water from river mouth, also there is distribution in district, does not do the trip of wandering of long distance, be a kind of region fish, all have distribution in areas such as the South Sea of China, the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea.Mullet fine and tender taste, delicious flavour, nutritious, economic worth is higher, and deeply welcome by consumers in general, breeding prospect is wide, is a kind of economic fish breed variety of high-quality, is generally cultivated in China at present.

Present stage; one of main Problems existing of scale artificial culture of mullet is that the research of its nutrition physiology aspect is less and be in foundation phase; the nutritional need of mullet and physiological metabolism feature are different from sea cucumber, turbot and shrimp crab etc., as larger in difference such as pig, ox, chicken, duck, geese with other livestock classes.

The death of fish of surviving the winter is the tender subject troubling most of feed factory and raiser always.In recent years, always having between some feed factory and raisers that dispute is happened frequently, even lawing because surviving the winter dead fish problem, seriously hindering the development of aquatic feeds industry and culture fishery.Fish overwinter main causes of death have following four aspects, i.e. the reason of the infringement of water quality deterioration, pathogenic bacteria, pond seepage and feed.If feed cannot provide fish growth and maintain healthy necessary nutritional labeling, or nutrition in feed is unbalanced, all directly or indirectly can make fish kills or reduce resistance, is thus easy to infect other cause of diseases and dead.Therefore, develop and a kind ofly meet the life habit of mullet overwintering period and the feed of nutritional need, the immunity of mullet can be improved, strengthen the physique of mullet, reduce disease and occur, to promoting that the sound development of mullet industry has great significance.

Summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nutritional need, balanced in nutrition, the tolerance to cold that can strengthen mullet, the mullet special feed for living through winter of immunity that improves mullet that can meet mullet.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions, a kind of mullet special feed for living through winter, be made up of each component of following masses number: fish meal 15-25 part, dregs of beans 10-20 part, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice 10-20 part, cotton dregs 8-16 part, rice bran 8-16 part, Enteromorpha 8-12 part, sargassum 8-12 part, tapioca flour 6-10 part, consumption ox powder 4-8 part, silkworm chrysalis 4-6 part, cloves 4-6 part, grey dish 4-6 part, mountain naphthalene 3-5 part, carrot 3-5 part, vinasse 3-5 part, cordate houttuynia 3-5 part, Chinese cassia tree 3-5 part, crow robe 2-4 part, ecliptae herba 2-4 part, fruit of glossy privet 2-4 part, garlic 1-3 part, hawthorn 1-3 part, ginger 1-3 part, oyster shell whiting 1-3 part, fish oil 2-4 part, olive oil 1-2 part, peanut oil 1-2 part, honey 1-2 part, xanthans 1-2 part.

Preferably, described mullet special feed for living through winter, be made up of each component of following masses number: fish meal 20 parts, dregs of beans 15 parts, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice 15 parts, cotton dregs 12 parts, 12 parts, rice bran, Enteromorpha 10 parts, sargassum 10 parts, tapioca flour 8 parts, 6 parts, consumption ox powder, silkworm chrysalis 5 parts, cloves 5 parts, grey dish 5 parts, mountain naphthalene 4 parts, 4 parts, carrot, 4 parts, vinasse, cordate houttuynia 4 parts, Chinese cassia tree 4 parts, crow robe 3 parts, ecliptae herba 3 parts, the fruit of glossy privet 3 parts, 2 parts, garlic, hawthorn 2 parts, 2 parts, ginger, oyster shell whiting 2 parts, 3 parts, fish oil, 2 parts, olive oil, peanut oil 2 parts, honey 2 parts, xanthans 2 parts.

Further, described fish meal is white fish meal or red fish meal, is preferably white fish meal.

Feeding method: every bu is thrown something and fed for twice sooner or later, under normal circumstances, day feeding volume be about the 2%-5% of mullet body weight.

Fish meal and the amino acid ratio needed for aquatic livestock closest, under normal circumstances, add the mixed feed aquiculture animal after fish meal and more like and ingest, and add the quick healthy growth that fish meal can promote aquiculture animal.Dregs of beans, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice, cotton dregs and rice bran can provide crude protein for mullet, reduce the use amount of fish meal, and then reduce costs, and protein sources kind is more diversified.Enteromorpha is high protein, high dietary-fiber, low fat, low-yield, and is rich in the raw material of the natural ideal nutritional food of minerals and vitamins, and has delicate fragrance, can improve the palatability of feed.In sargassum, laminaran content is higher, can obtain laminarin sulfate after sulfonation, can replace heparin, has lipidemia and anticoagulation; The carbohydrate of sargassum is except laminaran, and mainly containing algin, fucoidin, hemicellulose and cellulose etc., its content reaches about 60%, can be used as the quality raw materials of dietary fiber of high activity; The composition of the essential amino acid of sargassum is reasonable; Containing abundant minerals and vitamins in sargassum, can be used as Ca, Fe, Zn and I and well originate.Pachyrhizus qi-restoratives, spleen benefiting and stimulating the appetite, strong kidney yin.Consumption ox powder can use as nutrition fortifier-calcium source.Silkworm chrysalis is containing protein, fat oil, and wherein main component is unrighted acid, glycerine vinegar, and a small amount of lecithin, black alcohol, liposoluble vitamin etc., have and promote the production of body fluid to quench thirst, help digestion the effect of regulating the flow of vital energy, quenching one's thirst.Cloves taste is pungent, warm in nature, returns spleen, stomach, kidney channel, major function: warming middle energizer to descend adverse-rising qi, warming kidney and enhancing yang, cures mainly stomach cold, hiccup, coldness and pain in the epigastrium, and food is few vomits and diarrhoea, and impotence due to deficiency of the kidney, the acid of waist knee is cold, cloudy subcutaneous ulcer.Edible grey dish can prevent anaemia, promotes upgrowth and development of children, also has certain health care functions to person in middle and old age calcium deficiency person, and in addition, grey dish, also containing the peculiar material such as volatile oil, chenopodine, can prevent enteron parasite, eliminate halitosis.In mountain naphthalene energy promoting the circulation of qi temperature, help digestion, pain relieving.Carrot can bowl spares gas, stomach strengthening and digestion promoting, kidney-Yang invigorating, five viscera settling, and treatment indigestion, protracted dysentery, cough, yctalopia etc. have good therapeutic effect.Vinasse are not only rich in nutrition and energy, and have orectic effect.Cordate houttuynia has clearing heat and detoxicating, the carbuncle that disappears apocenosis, the effect of inducing diuresis for treating strangurtia.Chinese cassia tree complement sun, warming spleen and stomach, removing internal cold, promoting blood circulation.Control the Yang-function insufficiency of kidneyzang, the cold weak pulse of limb, yang depletion is collapsed, and stomachache is had loose bowels, and cold hernia is run quickly globefish, waist knee crymodynia, through closing abdominal mass, and cloudy subcutaneous ulcer, streamer, and empty sun is more floating, heat in the upper and cold in the lower.Crow robe fruit is delicious, appetizing, soft liver emergency, and it is good that children's eats.Ecliptae herba and Eclipta prostrata, energy apocenosis, hemostasis, logical small intestine, applies all sores and silkworm Guo.Ecliptae herba and the same use of the fruit of glossy privet, Eclipta prostrata and the fruit of glossy privet have protecting the liver, the effect of transaminase of detoxifying, reduce.Garlic removing toxic substances desinsection, swelling and pain relieving, antidiarrheal stops dysentery, controls lung, expelling parasite, and also have warm spleen to warm up stomach in addition, control swollen ulcer drug, white bald tinea sore, dysentery is had loose bowels, tuberculosis pertussis, roundworm pinworm, eating accumulation, coldness and pain in the epigastrium, oedema turgor.Hawthorn energy spleen benefiting and stimulating the appetite, relieving dyspepsia, phlegm reduction of blood circulation promoting.Ginger is the active drug for the treatment of hydrochloric acid-alcohol repellency ulcer, and its active ingredient is zingiberene, has the effect of protection Gastric Mucosal Cells.In fragrant stomach invigorating crude drug, particularly many containing terpene derived essential oils such as zingiberenes in zingiberaceous plant, be one of raw the effective elements of the medicine of stomach invigorating; Ginger can make pepsin declines, and the effect of lipolytic enzyme strengthens; Ginger has slight spread effect to alimentary canal, and can make intestines tension force, the rhythm and pace of moving things and wriggle increases, and sometimes succeeded by reduction, can be used for the intestinal colic because flatulence or other reasons cause; In addition, ginger has bactericidal effect and antioxidation, and then can improve the immunity of mullet.Oyster shell whiting can provide calcium source for mullet.Fish oil can provide energy for mullet and have food calling effect.Containing a large amount of monounsaturated fatty acids in olive oil, digestive system function can be improved, be beneficial to and digest and assimilate.Peanut oil can provide energy for mullet.Honey can relax bowel, can make up strength rapidly, eliminates tired out, builds up one's resistance to disease, can antibacterial sterilizing.Add xanthans and can improve the stability of feed in water, reduce feed to the pollution of water body environment.

The present invention is fully studying the one mullet special feed for living through winter targetedly that mullet digestive system structure and unique physiological basis of feeding and nutrition develop, its protein contained and fatty acid species more diversified, the nutritional need of mullet to protein, fat can be met, the quick growth and the overwintering period that are conducive to mullet hoard fat, and the active ingredient containing restraining and sterilizing bacteria in mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention, the immunity of mullet can be improved.Experimental result shows, after mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention of throwing something and feeding, disease resistance and the resisting stress of mullet increase significantly, and tolerance to cold and immunity are also significantly increased, and the survival rate that after feeding mullet, mullet survives the winter is high.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned mullet special feed for living through winter, and the preparation method of this mullet special feed for living through winter comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively by fish meal, dregs of beans, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice, cotton dregs, rice bran, Enteromorpha, sargassum, tapioca flour, consumes ox powder and oyster shell whiting raw material stoving or dries after rear pulverizer is pulverized and cross 100 mesh sieves;

(2) silkworm chrysalis is taken respectively by proportioning, cloves, grey dish, mountain naphthalene, carrot, vinasse, cordate houttuynia, Chinese cassia tree, crow robe, ecliptae herba, the fruit of glossy privet, garlic, hawthorn and ginger, clean in pure fresh water, clean with distilled water flushing again, add after purified water is heated to boiling and continue to boil 2-3h, obtain decoction liquor, decoction liquor is positioned in the extraction kettle in supercritical extract instrument, carbon dioxide is utilized to extract as medium, extraction kettle pressure is 40Mpa, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C, separator pressure 12Mpa, separator temperature is 70 DEG C, extract 2 hours, be extracted liquid,

(3) extract step (2) obtained concentrates at outer circulation inspissator, and concentrated condition is: pressure 0.03Mpa, temperature 70 C, is concentrated into the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.13-1.15;

(4) powder of step (1) gained is taken according to proportioning, put into container to stir, add the medicinal extract of step (3) gained again, then the fish oil weighed by proportioning is poured into, olive oil, peanut oil, honey and xanthans, and mix, expanded, granulate then dry, cool, packing, obtain object.

In preparation method, by silkworm chrysalis, cloves, grey dish, mountain naphthalene, carrot, vinasse, cordate houttuynia, Chinese cassia tree, black robe, ecliptae herba, the fruit of glossy privet, garlic, hawthorn and ginger add the object continuing to boil 2-3h after purified water is heated to boiling after cleaning be that the active ingredient in said components is fully fried; Decoction liquor is positioned in the extraction kettle in supercritical extract instrument, carbon dioxide is utilized to extract as medium, extraction kettle pressure is 40Mpa, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C, separator pressure 12Mpa, separator temperature is 70 DEG C, extracts 2 hours, its objective is the active ingredient retained to greatest extent in each component.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

(1) protein contained in mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention and fatty acid species more diversified, the nutritional need of mullet to protein, fat can be met, and it is balanced in nutrition, the quick growth and the overwintering period that are conducive to mullet hoard fat, and the active ingredient containing restraining and sterilizing bacteria in mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention, the immunity of mullet can be improved;

(2) feed coefficient of mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention is low, throw something and feed after mullet overwintering feed of the present invention, disease resistance and the resisting stress of mullet increase significantly, and tolerance to cold and immunity are also significantly increased, and the survival rate that after feeding mullet, mullet survives the winter is high;

(3) due to the component containing food calling effect in mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention, compared to existing feed, mullet likes overwintering feed of the present invention of ingesting, and shows as ingestion frequency high, thus is beneficial to the raising of production efficiency and economic benefit;

(4) each component that mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention is used is environmental protection raw material, health environment-friendly, and feed coefficient is low, and the conversion ratio of feed is high;

(5) in preparation method, by silkworm chrysalis, cloves, grey dish, mountain naphthalene, carrot, vinasse, cordate houttuynia, Chinese cassia tree, black robe, ecliptae herba, the fruit of glossy privet, garlic, hawthorn and ginger add the object continuing to boil 2-3h after purified water is heated to boiling after cleaning be that the active ingredient in said components is fully fried; Decoction liquor is positioned in the extraction kettle in supercritical extract instrument, carbon dioxide is utilized to extract as medium, extraction kettle pressure is 40Mpa, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C, separator pressure 12Mpa, separator temperature is 70 DEG C, extracts 2 hours, its objective is the active ingredient retained to greatest extent in each component.

Detailed description of the invention

Following embodiment is convenient to understand the present invention better, but does not limit the present invention.Experimental technique in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method.

Embodiment 1

In the present invention's first detailed description of the invention, feed ingredient and preparation method thereof is as follows:

A kind of mullet special feed for living through winter, is made up of each component of following masses number: red fish meal 20 parts, dregs of beans 10 parts, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice 10 parts, cotton dregs 16 parts, 16 parts, rice bran, Enteromorpha 8 parts, sargassum 12 parts, tapioca flour 6 parts, 6 parts, consumption ox powder, silkworm chrysalis 4 parts, cloves 6 parts, grey dish 4 parts, mountain naphthalene 4 parts, 4 parts, carrot, 5 parts, vinasse, cordate houttuynia 5 parts, Chinese cassia tree 3 parts, crow robe 2 parts, ecliptae herba 3 parts, the fruit of glossy privet 3 parts, 2 parts, garlic, hawthorn 1 part, 1 part, ginger, oyster shell whiting 3 parts, 2 parts, fish oil, 1 part, olive oil, peanut oil 1 part, honey 1 part, xanthans 2 parts.

The preparation method of above-mentioned mullet special feed for living through winter comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively by fish meal, dregs of beans, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice, cotton dregs, rice bran, Enteromorpha, sargassum, tapioca flour, consumes ox powder and oyster shell whiting raw material stoving or dries after rear pulverizer is pulverized and cross 100 mesh sieves;

(2) silkworm chrysalis is taken respectively by proportioning, cloves, grey dish, mountain naphthalene, carrot, vinasse, cordate houttuynia, Chinese cassia tree, crow robe, ecliptae herba, the fruit of glossy privet, garlic, hawthorn and ginger, clean in pure fresh water, clean with distilled water flushing again, add after purified water is heated to boiling and continue to boil 2-3h, obtain decoction liquor, decoction liquor is positioned in the extraction kettle in supercritical extract instrument, carbon dioxide is utilized to extract as medium, extraction kettle pressure is 40Mpa, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C, separator pressure 12Mpa, separator temperature is 70 DEG C, extract 2 hours, be extracted liquid,

(3) extract step (2) obtained concentrates at outer circulation inspissator, and concentrated condition is: pressure 0.03Mpa, temperature 70 C, is concentrated into the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.13-1.15;

(4) powder of step (1) gained is taken according to proportioning, put into container to stir, add the medicinal extract of step (3) gained again, then the fish oil weighed by proportioning is poured into, olive oil, peanut oil, honey and xanthans, and mix, expanded, granulate then dry, cool, packing, obtain object.

Embodiment 2

In the present invention's second detailed description of the invention, feed ingredient and preparation method thereof is as follows:

A kind of mullet special feed for living through winter, is made up of each component of following masses number: white fish meal 15 parts, dregs of beans 15 parts, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice 15 parts, cotton dregs 12 parts, 10 parts, rice bran, Enteromorpha 8 parts, sargassum 12 parts, tapioca flour 6 parts, 8 parts, consumption ox powder, silkworm chrysalis 6 parts, cloves 4 parts, grey dish 6 parts, mountain naphthalene 5 parts, 5 parts, carrot, 3 parts, vinasse, cordate houttuynia 3 parts, Chinese cassia tree 3 parts, crow robe 2 parts, ecliptae herba 4 parts, the fruit of glossy privet 4 parts, 1 part, garlic, hawthorn 3 parts, 3 parts, ginger, oyster shell whiting 2 parts, 3 parts, fish oil, 2 parts, olive oil, peanut oil 2 parts, honey 2 parts, xanthans 2 parts.

The preparation method of the mullet special feed for living through winter of the present embodiment is with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3

In the present invention's the 3rd detailed description of the invention, feed ingredient and preparation method thereof is as follows:

A kind of mullet special feed for living through winter, is made up of each component of following masses number: red fish meal 25 parts, dregs of beans 20 parts, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice 20 parts, cotton dregs 10 parts, 10 parts, rice bran, Enteromorpha 12 parts, sargassum 8 parts, tapioca flour 10 parts, 4 parts, consumption ox powder, silkworm chrysalis 4 parts, cloves 5 parts, grey dish 5 parts, mountain naphthalene 3 parts, 3 parts, carrot, 3 parts, vinasse, cordate houttuynia 4 parts, Chinese cassia tree 5 parts, crow robe 4 parts, ecliptae herba 2 parts, the fruit of glossy privet 2 parts, 3 parts, garlic, hawthorn 1 part, 1 part, ginger, oyster shell whiting 1 part, 3 parts, fish oil, 1 part, olive oil, peanut oil 2 parts, honey 2 parts, xanthans 1 part.

The preparation method of the mullet special feed for living through winter of the present embodiment is with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 4

In the present invention's the 4th detailed description of the invention, feed ingredient and preparation method thereof is as follows:

A kind of mullet special feed for living through winter, is made up of each component of following masses number: white fish meal 18 parts, dregs of beans 12 parts, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice 16 parts, cotton dregs 8 parts, 8 parts, rice bran, Enteromorpha 10 parts, sargassum 12 parts, tapioca flour 8 parts, 6 parts, consumption ox powder, silkworm chrysalis 6 parts, cloves 6 parts, grey dish 4 parts, mountain naphthalene 5 parts, 5 parts, carrot, 5 parts, vinasse, cordate houttuynia 3 parts, Chinese cassia tree 5 parts, crow robe 3 parts, ecliptae herba 3 parts, the fruit of glossy privet 3 parts, 1 part, garlic, hawthorn 2 parts, 2 parts, ginger, oyster shell whiting 2 parts, 4 parts, fish oil, 1 part, olive oil, peanut oil 1 part, honey 1 part, xanthans 2 parts.

The preparation method of the mullet special feed for living through winter of the present embodiment is with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 5

In the present invention's the 5th detailed description of the invention, feed ingredient and preparation method thereof is as follows:

A kind of mullet special feed for living through winter, is made up of each component of following masses number: white fish meal 20 parts, dregs of beans 15 parts, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice 15 parts, cotton dregs 12 parts, 12 parts, rice bran, Enteromorpha 10 parts, sargassum 10 parts, tapioca flour 8 parts, 6 parts, consumption ox powder, silkworm chrysalis 5 parts, cloves 5 parts, grey dish 5 parts, mountain naphthalene 4 parts, 4 parts, carrot, 4 parts, vinasse, cordate houttuynia 4 parts, Chinese cassia tree 4 parts, crow robe 3 parts, ecliptae herba 3 parts, the fruit of glossy privet 3 parts, 2 parts, garlic, hawthorn 2 parts, 2 parts, ginger, oyster shell whiting 2 parts, 3 parts, fish oil, 2 parts, olive oil, peanut oil 2 parts, honey 2 parts, xanthans 2 parts.

The preparation method of the mullet special feed for living through winter of the present embodiment is with embodiment 1.

Contrast test

The mullet special feed for living through winter of commercially available mixed feed and embodiment of the present invention 1-embodiment 5 is carried out contrast experiment, four repetitions are established in often kind of feed process, and in this experimental result, data represent with mean+SD (mean ± SD), experimental period is 80 days, and experimental result is as follows:

1. specific growth rate

Measure the original body mass through the emptying mullet of hunger when experiment starts, experiment terminates the mullet body weight of the hungry 48h of rear mensuration.

Specific growth rate (specificgrowthrate, the SGR) formula of mullet is:

SGR (part d ^-1)=100 (lnWW2-lnWW1) T ^-1;

WW1 and WW2 is respectively the initial and whole opisthosoma weight of mullet; T is experimental period (80 days).

From table 1, through 80d experiment, mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention compared with existing feed, the specific growth rate significant difference (p < 0.05) of mullet.

The specific growth rate of table 1 DIFFERENT FEED processed group mullet

Table1SGRofLizahaematocheilaforthedifferentfoodtreatments(mean±SD)

2. survival rate

As table 2, mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention compared with existing feed, the survival rate significant difference (p < 0.05) of mullet.

The survival rate of table 2 DIFFERENT FEED processed group mullet

Table2survivalrateofLizahaematocheilaforthedifferentfoodtreatments(mean±SD)

3. feed coefficient

As table 3, mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention is compared with existing mullet mixed feed, and there were significant differences for feed coefficient (p < 0.05).

The feed coefficient of table 3 DIFFERENT FEED processed group mullet

Table3FCRofLizahaematocheilaforthedifferentfoodtreatments(mean±SD)

In addition, observe and find, experimental session, the mullet of mullet mixed feed of the present invention of throwing something and feeding is more active, and body surface is without parasite.Simultaneously, experimental result shows, use the coefficient of condition of the mullet of mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention higher than the coefficient of condition of the mullet of use conventional feed, illustrate that mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention can meet the needs of fish body storage power, increase the coefficient of condition of fish body, be conducive to the tolerance to cold improving mullet.

As can be seen from Table 1, use the mullet growth of mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention very fast, specific growth rate is significantly higher than the specific growth rate (p < 0.05) of the mullet using existing feed, illustrates and uses mullet mixed feed of the present invention to meet the nutritional need of mullet, be more conducive to the growth of mullet; As can be seen from Table 2, use the survival rate of the mullet of mullet mixed feed of the present invention to be significantly higher than the survival rate (p < 0.05) of the mullet using existing feed, illustrate that mullet mixed feed of the present invention can improve the incidence of disease of the immunity of mullet and survival rate, reduction mullet; From table 3, and the feed coefficient of mixed feed of the present invention is significantly lower than the feed coefficient (p < 0.05) of existing feed, illustrates compared with existing feed, and feed conversion rate of the present invention is high, result of use good.

The present invention is fully studying the one mullet special feed for living through winter targetedly that mullet digestive system structure and unique physiological basis of feeding and nutrition develop, its protein contained and fatty acid species more diversified, the nutritional need of mullet to protein, fat can be met, the quick growth and the overwintering period that are conducive to mullet hoard fat, and the active ingredient containing restraining and sterilizing bacteria in mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention, the immunity of mullet can be improved.Experimental result shows, after mullet special feed for living through winter of the present invention of throwing something and feeding, disease resistance and the resisting stress of mullet increase significantly, and tolerance to cold and immunity are also significantly increased, and the survival rate that after feeding mullet, mullet survives the winter is high.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is noted that for those skilled in the art, and under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvement, these improvement should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a mullet special feed for living through winter, it is characterized in that: be made up of each component of following masses number: fish meal 15-25 part, dregs of beans 10-20 part, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice 10-20 part, cotton dregs 8-16 part, rice bran 8-16 part, Enteromorpha 8-12 part, sargassum 8-12 part, tapioca flour 6-10 part, consumption ox powder 4-8 part, silkworm chrysalis 4-6 part, cloves 4-6 part, grey dish 4-6 part, mountain naphthalene 3-5 part, carrot 3-5 part, vinasse 3-5 part, cordate houttuynia 3-5 part, Chinese cassia tree 3-5 part, crow robe 2-4 part, ecliptae herba 2-4 part, fruit of glossy privet 2-4 part, garlic 1-3 part, hawthorn 1-3 part, ginger 1-3 part, oyster shell whiting 1-3 part, fish oil 2-4 part, olive oil 1-2 part, peanut oil 1-2 part, honey 1-2 part, xanthans 1-2 part.

2. mullet special feed for living through winter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described mullet special feed for living through winter, be made up of each component of following masses number: fish meal 20 parts, dregs of beans 15 parts, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice 15 parts, cotton dregs 12 parts, 12 parts, rice bran, Enteromorpha 10 parts, sargassum 10 parts, tapioca flour 8 parts, 6 parts, consumption ox powder, silkworm chrysalis 5 parts, cloves 5 parts, grey dish 5 parts, mountain naphthalene 4 parts, 4 parts, carrot, 4 parts, vinasse, cordate houttuynia 4 parts, Chinese cassia tree 4 parts, crow robe 3 parts, ecliptae herba 3 parts, the fruit of glossy privet 3 parts, 2 parts, garlic, hawthorn 2 parts, 2 parts, ginger, oyster shell whiting 2 parts, 3 parts, fish oil, 2 parts, olive oil, peanut oil 2 parts, honey 2 parts, xanthans 2 parts.

3. mullet special feed for living through winter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fish meal is white fish meal or red fish meal.

4. a preparation method for the mullet special feed for living through winter according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) respectively by fish meal, dregs of beans, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers benevolence dregs of rice, cotton dregs, rice bran, Enteromorpha, sargassum, tapioca flour, consumes ox powder and oyster shell whiting raw material stoving or dries after rear pulverizer is pulverized and cross 100 mesh sieves;

(2) silkworm chrysalis is taken respectively by proportioning, cloves, grey dish, mountain naphthalene, carrot, vinasse, cordate houttuynia, Chinese cassia tree, crow robe, ecliptae herba, the fruit of glossy privet, garlic, hawthorn and ginger, clean in pure fresh water, clean with distilled water flushing again, add after purified water is heated to boiling and continue to boil 2-3h, obtain decoction liquor, decoction liquor is positioned in the extraction kettle in supercritical extract instrument, carbon dioxide is utilized to extract as medium, extraction kettle pressure is 40Mpa, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C, separator pressure 12Mpa, separator temperature is 70 DEG C, extract 2 hours, be extracted liquid,

(3) extract step (2) obtained concentrates at outer circulation inspissator, and concentrated condition is: pressure 0.03Mpa, temperature 70 C, is concentrated into the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.13-1.15;

(4) powder of step (1) gained is taken according to proportioning, put into container to stir, add the medicinal extract of step (3) gained again, then the fish oil weighed by proportioning is poured into, olive oil, peanut oil, honey and xanthans, and mix, expanded, granulate then dry, cool, packing, obtain object.