CN105067626A - Multiple reflection type image visibility measuring method - Google Patents
Multiple reflection type image visibility measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105067626A CN105067626A CN201510418162.1A CN201510418162A CN105067626A CN 105067626 A CN105067626 A CN 105067626A CN 201510418162 A CN201510418162 A CN 201510418162A CN 105067626 A CN105067626 A CN 105067626A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multiple reflection type image visibility measuring method to solve the problems that during visibility measurement, measurement results are indirect and instruments occupy large spaces. A resolution panel is adopted as a target, two parallel plane mirrors are placed at two ends of a measurement device at small angles, and a digital camera acquires images of the resolution panel after multiple reflections. The visibility is measured through analysis of minimum line pairs in the images of the resolution panel.
Description
[technical field]:
The present invention relates to a kind of image visibility measuring method of multiple reflections formula, be applicable to the visibility measurement in environmental monitoring field.
[background technology]:
Along with the fast development of modern industry and technology, problem of environmental pollution becomes increasingly conspicuous, and the measurement of visibility seems more and more important to the life of people and trip.
Measuring visibility moderate can, by the method for range estimation, also can use the surveying instruments such as atmospheric transmission instrument, scatterometer to measure.
Ocular estimate is directly perceived, measurement be the direct result of visibility.But can see in observation and can not see that boundary is not too distinct, judging appearance profile by clear to fuzzy, can only with human eye and subjective differentiation.And due to impacts such as eyesight, interpretability, light source characteristic, customs, comparatively big error must be caused subjective.Different choice visibility marker, all difficult consistent with regard to quantity, distribution range, scale size, light object etc.Because object is limited, the visibility value in several scope can only be estimated, when visibility is very poor, be difficult to observe accurate value.
Similar with visual method, can realize measuring with image processing method.According to optical imaging concept, visibility is better, and distinguishable object detail ability is better, and the acutance of object edge is larger.If measured with resolving power test target, visibility is better, can the less lines pair of resolution width.
Because visibility is different, the resolving power test target extra fine wire bar observed in a distance is different.Analyze with computer processing system, obtain discernmible extra fine wire pair, and measure the right width of extra fine wire, corresponding relation is set up with visibility value, by the extra fine wire bar in the resolving power test target picture that can identify, the interval range realizing visibility is measured, namely often organize line to can the certain limit of corresponding visibility value.
For same group of line to, because visibility is different, the image sharpness of collection has difference, and therefore the fog-level at edge is different, different by the line thickness value calculated.Therefore, the relation of line thickness and visibility value can be set up.
Observation instrument is utilized mainly to be divided into photographic process, sampling of aerosol method and optical parameter measurement method to the method that visibility is measured.
Although the simplest and direct method of visibility variation measured by the sharpness photo that obtaining affects object by gasoloid, from photo and picture, extract quantitative information due to very difficult, thus add the difficulty of practical application.
Sampling of aerosol method is the numerical value of the next indirect inverting visibility of concentration by directly measuring particulate in air.Relate to the optical characteristics of variety classes and yardstick particulate in the method, the tedious steps in optical radiation and interparticle type of action and sampling process, makes its measuring accuracy be difficult to ensure.Therefore obtaining visibility from measurement atmospheric optics characteristic parameter is the most reliable measuring method.
Optical parameter measurement method is generally divided into transmission-type, scatter-type and attenuation type.Generally calculate visibility by the method for laser measurement atmospheric extinction coefficient, comparatively speaking, comparatively objective, but what measure is not the direct numerical value of visibility, and rain, greasy weather observation difficulty.
[summary of the invention]:
The object of the invention is to solve in existing visibility measurement, the measurement result objectivity of image method be poor, shooting or observed range far away; The roundabout problem of other methods and results, provides a kind of image visibility measuring method of multiple reflections formula.
The image visibility measuring method of multiple reflections formula provided by the invention, the hardware that the method relates to comprises resolving power test target (1), the first plane mirror (2), the second plane mirror (3), the first digital camera (4), the second digital camera (8) and computer processing system.
Concrete measuring method is as follows:
By staggered relatively for two pieces of plane mirrors, resolving power test target (1) is fixed on the just right side of the first plane mirror (2) as object, first digital camera (4) is fixed on the just right opposite side of the second plane mirror (3), the second digital camera (8) is fixed on the homonymy of the first plane mirror (2);
Resolving power test target is through two pieces of plane mirror multiple reflections, and the image reflected for the last time by the first digital camera (4) shooting resolving power test target is also transferred to computer processing system; The image of resolving power test target after two secondary reflections is taken by the second digital camera (8);
Analyze with computer processing system, obtain discernmible extra fine wire pair, set up corresponding relation with visibility value, the interval range realizing visibility is measured, and generally this interval is a km.
Use the first digital camera (4) respectively, image that the second digital camera (8) gathers, calculate the right width of extra fine wire and ask poor, thus realize in visibility value interval range obtained above, measure the visibility obtaining subdivided interval further.
The image gathered with the first digital camera (4), the second digital camera (8) calculates dullness and asks poor, measuring extra fine wire to the measurement result obtained, finally obtaining visibility value for combining.
By finely tuning the angle of two pieces of plane mirrors, the order of reflection set can be obtained, thus adjustment shooting distance, realize the change of range.
Second digital camera (8) to be got dirty the measuring error caused for correction resolution plate, mirror surface.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect:
The image visibility measuring method of multiple reflections formula provided by the invention, have employed the optical reflection light path of two panels catoptron composition, increases operating distance through multiple reflections, reduces the bulk of instrument, improves measurement result reliability; By resolving power test target extra fine wire bar to the objectivity improving image method measurement visibility.
[accompanying drawing explanation]:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the image visibility measuring system of multiple reflections formula provided by the invention.
In figure, 1 resolving power test target, 2 first plane mirrors, 3 second plane mirrors, 4 first digital cameras, 5,6 and 7 is the images of resolving power test target after reflection, 8 second digital cameras.
Fig. 2 is the resolving power test target adopted.
Fig. 3 is the resolving power test target image taken under different visibility, and the result of machine rough handling as calculated, wherein the visibility of Fig. 3 (a) is than the poor visibility of Fig. 3 (b), thin in the extra fine wire comparison diagram 3 (a) that Fig. 3 (b) can differentiate.In image processing process, adopt algorithm, be only met level and vertical lines that length ratio is definite value, and automatically delete curved line, so the numeral in figure (2) is all automatically left out in figure 3.
[embodiment]:
Embodiment 1
Figure 1 shows that the structural representation of the image visibility measuring system of multiple reflections formula provided by the invention.This measuring system comprises resolving power test target (1), the first plane mirror (2), the second plane mirror (3), the first digital camera (4), the second digital camera (8) and computer processing system () in figure slightly.Wherein the first plane mirror (2), the second plane mirror (3) form reflective optical system, and (5), (6), (7) are the images of the resolving power test target after reflection.
Concrete measuring method is as follows:
By staggered relatively for two pieces of plane mirrors, resolving power test target (1) is fixed on the just right side of the first plane mirror (2) as object, the first digital camera (4) is fixed on the just right opposite side of the second plane mirror (3);
Second digital camera (8) is fixed on the homonymy of the first plane mirror (2);
Resolving power test target is through two pieces of plane mirror multiple reflections, and the image (7) reflected for the last time by the first digital camera (4) shooting resolving power test target is also transferred to computer processing system;
Analyze with computer processing system, obtain discernmible extra fine wire pair.Set up unique corresponding relation with visibility value, by the extra fine wire bar in the resolving power test target picture that can identify, visibility value is divided into several interval ranges;
Due to visibility value not identical time, the image edge acuity of same lines is different, therefore adopts acutance computing method, and calculate line thickness, acutance is better, and the width calculation value of same lines is larger.Therefore, in each interval range, width calculation is carried out by computer digital image process, namely the right width of same line is calculated under different visibility, obtain different values, thus set up with range of visibility the corresponding relation more segmented in each little distance range, realize the measurement of visibility.
By the image measurements of the first digital camera (4) and the second digital camera (8), obtaining the difference of dullness by analyzing gray-scale value average, further combined with measurement extra fine wire to the result obtained, obtaining visibility value.
By finely tuning the angle of two pieces of plane mirrors (2) and (3), the order of reflection set can be obtained, thus adjustment shooting distance, realize the change of range.
Claims (5)
1. an image visibility measuring method for multiple reflections formula, is characterized in that the hardware that the method relates to comprises resolving power test target (1), the first plane mirror (2), the second plane mirror (3), the first digital camera (4), the second digital camera (8) and computer processing system; Concrete measuring method is as follows:
By staggered relatively for two pieces of plane mirrors, resolving power test target (1) is fixed on the just right side of the first plane mirror (2) as object, first digital camera (4) is fixed on the just right opposite side of the second plane mirror (3), the second digital camera (8) is fixed on the homonymy of the first plane mirror (2);
Resolving power test target is through two pieces of plane mirror multiple reflections, and the image reflected for the last time by the first digital camera (4) shooting resolving power test target is also transferred to computer processing system; The image of resolving power test target after two secondary reflections is taken by the second digital camera (8);
Analyze with computer processing system, obtain discernmible extra fine wire pair, set up corresponding relation with visibility value, the interval range realizing visibility is measured, and generally this interval is a km.
2. the image visibility measuring method of multiple reflections formula according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the image using the first digital camera (4) respectively, the second digital camera (8) gathers, calculate the right width of extra fine wire and ask poor, thus realize in visibility value interval range obtained above, measure the visibility obtaining subdivided interval further.
3. the image visibility measuring method of multiple reflections formula according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the image gathered with the first digital camera (4), the second digital camera (8) calculates dullness and asks poor, measuring extra fine wire to the measurement result obtained for combining, finally obtaining visibility value.
4. the image visibility measuring method of the multiple reflections formula according to claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that the angle by finely tuning two pieces of plane mirrors, can obtain the order of reflection set, thus adjustment shooting distance, realize the change of range.
5. the image visibility measuring method of the multiple reflections formula according to claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that the second digital camera (8) to be got dirty the measuring error caused for correction resolution plate, mirror surface.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106546610A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-29 | 中国计量科学研究院 | The test system of spatial resolution |
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