CN105066152B - A kind of fluted shape fire grate and its application, a kind of fluted shape furnace grate - Google Patents

A kind of fluted shape fire grate and its application, a kind of fluted shape furnace grate Download PDF

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CN105066152B
CN105066152B CN201510549869.6A CN201510549869A CN105066152B CN 105066152 B CN105066152 B CN 105066152B CN 201510549869 A CN201510549869 A CN 201510549869A CN 105066152 B CN105066152 B CN 105066152B
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fluted shape
fire grate
grate
fluted
furnace
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CN105066152A (en
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胡乐鹏
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fluted shape fire grate, the fluted shape tube body is equipped with the hollow body of air inlet for both ends, in the one side of fluted shape tube body, single or two rows of air outlets are set, air outlet is circular open, and quantity, the pore size of air outlet and the spacing of adjacent air outlet of air outlet are set according to different biomass fuels;A kind of boiler designed using the fluted shape fire grate is also disclosed, which is widely used in cooking stove, steam boiler, hot-water boiler, Industrial Stoves field.Fluted shape fire grate design is reasonable, and simple in structure, cost is low, and a kind of fluted shape furnace grate designed using the fluted shape fire grate is a kind of new combustion system, uses biomass energy, rubbish as fuel, and it is abundant to burn, environmentally protective, pollution-free, preferably promotes the use of.

Description

A kind of fluted shape fire grate and its application, a kind of fluted shape furnace grate
Technical field
The present invention relates to combustion technology, thermal hardware field, it is specially a kind of fluted shape fire grate and its application and can directly makes A kind of fluted shape furnace grate of completely burned can simultaneously be reached with biomass fuels such as various crop stalk, faggot, house refuses.
Background technology
The biomass fuels such as the various crop stalk having a large capacity and a wide range, faggot, house refuse because not reaching correct utilize and The main reason for burning or be embedded in the significant wastage that serious environmental pollution and resource are caused in underground, producing this phenomenon be:Fire Power power plant is higher than using above-mentioned biomass fuel cost of electricity-generating uses coal cost of electricity-generating, it is impossible to actively uses, sells bavin specialty Family is because of the light specific gravity of stalk, and volume is big, remote away from thermal power plant road, and cost of transportation is high, removes pickup, crushing, bundling, storage Etc. expense, output is not earned money;Although country has given thermal power plant burning straw subsidy, actual use amount is few, main cause The problem of being still cost of transportation.
Straw-returning is unable to scientific utilization and causes the harm such as insect pest, disconnected ridge, especially the area danger in northern drought Evil bigger;In the long term, stalk, which is embedded in underground, constantly methane gas volatilization, has accumulated more in atmosphere and can destroy ozone layer, Become higher temperature.Height extrusion block be made it is bar-shaped, block, granular need the conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, binder, of high cost, price is high In coke, calorific value is 1/3rd of coke, and user is difficult to receive, and for feed, gas making etc., dosage is few at present.
Should usage amount it is maximum be Industrial Boiler and the direct burning straw of heating hot water boiler, because of its convenient transportation, agriculture The dispersible storage in family, can accomplish to handle nearby completely, plant ash is first-class environment-friendly fertilizer again.But because of the existing burning of these boilers Mode is restricted, and does not reach completely burned, produces blue smoke, tobacco even black smoke, cause environmental protection cannot be up to standard and cannot make With.Therefore agricultural crop straw peasant must not light burning in field then.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of fluted shape fire grate and and apply it to a kind of fluted shape furnace grate, pass through conjunction Reason uses fluted shape fire grate, makes agricultural crop straw burning abundant, environmentally protective, pollution-free.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to achieve the above object:
A kind of fluted shape fire grate, including fluted shape tube body, the fluted shape tube body is equipped with the hollow body of air inlet for both ends, in flute The one side of shape tube body sets single or two rows of air outlets, and air outlet is circular open, and outlet air is set according to different biomass fuels Quantity, the pore size of air outlet and the spacing of adjacent air outlet of mouth.
The fluted shape tube body is square structure or circular configuration or ellipsoidal structure.
When setting two rows of air outlets in the one side of fluted shape tube body, two rows of air outlets is staggered, wherein a row's appoints One air outlet, on the vertical extension line of another row two air outlets connecting line central point adjacent thereto.
The thickness of the fluted shape tube body is 3-15mm, fluted shape tube body made of carborundum or silicon nitride or heat-resisting steels and Into.
Air inlet at fluted shape tube body both ends is equipped with control valve.
A kind of application of fluted shape fire grate, applied to steam boiler, hot-water boiler, Industrial Stoves field.Fluted shape fire grate application When cooking stove, steam boiler, hot-water boiler, Industrial Stoves, if setting dried layer according to biomass fuel difference and place capacity size, Every layer sets some, and the spacing of the adjacent number of plies is the m of 0.2m -2.
A kind of fluted shape furnace grate, has fluted shape fire grate, including boiler furnace, and boiler furnace includes burner hearth and burning chamber, Top in the burner hearth is equipped with mixer, and the top both sides of burner hearth are respectively equipped with air intake and feeding screw, the stove It is equipped with least two layers of fluted shape fire grate in thorax, and the air outlet face of fluted shape fire grate is towards burner hearth bottom surface, fluted shape fire grate and boiler furnace It is detachably connected, top layer fluted shape fire grate top is to put fuel gasification layer for anti-, and the lower part of burner hearth is equipped with dump grate, is overturning Fixed carbon burning zone is formed at the top of fire grate, and grey room is equipped with the lower part of dump grate, and grey room is equipped with main ash discharging hole, in grey room Side be equipped with air outlet, the furnace outlet of lower furnace portion is connected with burning chamber, and burning chamber rear portion is equipped with and upper drum and cooks Cylinder, and upper drum is equipped with water outlet, upper drum and lower drum and connects to form natural water circulation by middle convection bank, upper pot Cylinder is connected to form water circulation by the water-cooling wall of burning chamber with header, and the bottom of burning chamber and convection bank is respectively equipped with burning chamber Flying dust expansion chamber and convection bank flying dust expansion chamber, and burning chamber's flying dust expansion chamber and convection bank flying dust expansion chamber be equipped with it is heavy Ash discharging hole is dropped, two smoke baffle plates are equipped among convection bank, two smoke baffle plates form serpentine discharge flue, row with convection bank Mouth is connected with exterior economizer and dedusting and purifying device, air-introduced machine successively.
Preferably, the outer wall of the burner hearth is equipped with the furnace wall for heat-insulation and heat-preservation, the burner hearth is equipped with least two and sees Maintenance door is examined, and observation maintenance door quantity is consistent with the fluted shape fire grate number of plies, the top layer fluted shape fire grate of the burner hearth is square knot Structure fluted shape fire grate, the fluted shape fire grate that lower part is set is circular configuration fluted shape fire grate, and the dump grate is equipped with rocking handle.
The boiler can also use gas-tight silo to be sent into raw material, and burner hearth is enclosed construction, pressurized firing mode.
The present invention's effective is:Fluted shape fire grate design is reasonable, and simple in structure, cost is low, by its extensive use In field of combustion technology such as steam boiler, hot-water boiler, Industrial Stoves.A kind of fluted shape furnace grate designed using fluted shape fire grate A kind of new combustion system is formed, processing charges can be saved to various biomass-fuel direct-combustions, such as maize straw passes through extruding Bulk is processed into etc. mode, at least 300 yuan of processing charges per ton directly affects the application of user, must cause artificial, electric power, change The waste of work adhesive, direct combustion advantageously reduce the cost of user;It is applied widely, make the biomass fuel having a large capacity and a wide range Reach and handled nearby, saved cost of transportation;Suitable for various biomass fuels, such as wheat straw, straw, maize straw, cotton Stalk, soybean stalk, broomcorn straw tree root, bark, multiclass weeds and flammable house refuse.The plant ash produced after burning is agriculture The best potash fertilizer of crop, can improve soil, increase grain yield, reduce fertilizer application, promote the development of Rural Circulation Economy, change The living standard in kind rural area;Compared with a variety of Grate-firings, after the ardent solution of matter is fired, reach mixed with the strong of air immediately, Be conducive to eliminate smoke;Multilayer fire grate, domestic garbage burning can be set according to specific needs;It is consistent to reach cloth wind on burner hearth stage construction, Do not stay dead angle;For fluted shape fire grate compared with chain furnace, vibration stove fire grate reciprocating grate, fire grate is more simple, saves big dimension Material and reduction boiler manfacturing expense.Present invention design is reasonable, and cost is low, uses biomass energy, rubbish as fuel, and burns Fully, it is environmentally protective, pollution-free, preferably promote the use of.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of sectional view of fluted shape furnace grate of the present invention;
In Fig. 1:1st, boiler furnace, 2, burner hearth, 3, burning chamber, 4, feeding screw, 5, mixer, 6, air intake, 7, Fuel gasification layer, 8, fluted shape fire grate, 9, furnace wall, 10, observation maintenance door, 11, fixed carbon burning zone, 12, air outlet 13, upset Fire grate, 14, grey room, 15, main ash discharging hole, 16, furnace outlet, 17, burning chamber's flying dust expansion chamber, 18, the sedimentation of convection bank flying dust Room, 19, sedimentation ash discharging hole, 20, upper drum, 21, lower drum, 22, water-cooling wall, 23, convection bank, 24, water outlet, 25, every cigarette Plate, 26, smoke outlet, 27, header;
The fluted shape fire grate of Fig. 2 present invention(It is circular)Structure diagram;
The fluted shape fire grate of Fig. 3 present invention(It is square)Structure diagram
In Fig. 2, Fig. 3:801st, fluted shape tube body, 802, air inlet, 803, air outlet.
Embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, a kind of fluted shape fire grate, including fluted shape tube body 801, the thickness of the fluted shape tube body 801 is 3- 15mm, fluted shape tube body 801 are made using high temperature resistant and cheap carborundum or silicon nitride or heat-resisting steels;Fluted shape tube body 801 are equipped with the hollow body of air inlet 802 for both ends, and single or two rows of air outlets, outlet air are set in the one side of fluted shape tube body 801 Mouth 803 is circular open, and the quantity of air outlet, the pore size of air outlet and adjacent outlet air are set according to different biomass fuels Mouthful spacing, such as when biomass fuel be stalk air outlet 802 quantity setting less, aperture it is small, the spacing of adjacent air outlet Greatly, when biomass fuel is the setting of the quantity of industry or house refuse air outlet 802 is more, aperture is big, the spacing of adjacent air outlet is small, Air inlet 802 at 801 both ends of fluted shape tube body is equipped with control valve(Not shown in figure), and fluted shape tube body 801 is square structure (Such as Fig. 3)Or circular configuration(Such as Fig. 2)Or ellipsoidal structure;When the one side in fluted shape tube body 801 sets two rows of air outlets 802, Two rows of air outlets 803 are staggered, wherein any air outlet 803 of a row, positioned at another row two air outlets adjacent thereto It is 120mm in the preferred spacing of the adjacent air outlet 803 of same row on the vertical extension line of 803 connecting line central points, the outlet air Mouth 803 is preferably diameter 6-15mm circular opens.
The fluted shape fire grate of the present invention is mainly used in the combustion technologies such as cooking stove, steam boiler, hot-water boiler, Industrial Stoves neck Domain.When fluted shape fire grate is applied to cooking stove, steam boiler, hot-water boiler, Industrial Stoves, according to biomass fuel difference and place capacity If size sets dried layer, every layer sets some, and the spacing of the adjacent number of plies is the m of 0.2m -2.
As shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned fluted shape fire grate is applied into a kind of fluted shape furnace grate, including boiler furnace 1, boiler furnace 1 Including burner hearth 2 and burning chamber 3, the top in the burner hearth 2 is equipped with mixer 5, for raw material is evenly laid out in burner hearth 2; The top both sides of burner hearth 2 are respectively equipped with air intake 6 and feeding screw 4, and at least two layers of fluted shape fire grate 8 is equipped with burner hearth 2, and The air outlet face of fluted shape fire grate 8 is detachably connected towards burner hearth bottom surface, fluted shape fire grate 8 with furnace body, easy to the maintenance of fluted shape fire grate 8 Replace, the top layer fluted shape fire grate 8 of burner hearth 2 is traditionally arranged to be square structure fluted shape fire grate, the fluted shape fire grate 8 that lower part is set(Top layer Two layers, three layers of fluted shape fire grate below fluted shape fire grate)For circular configuration fluted shape fire grate, top layer fluted shape fire grate top is fuel gas Change layer 7, the lower part of burner hearth 2 is equipped with dump grate 13, and dump grate 13 is equipped with rocking handle, and fixation is formed on the top of dump grate 13 Carbon burning layer 11, grey room 14 is equipped with the lower part of dump grate 13, and grey room 14 is equipped with main ash discharging hole 15, in the side of grey room 14 Equipped with air outlet 12, burn fully beneficial to fixed carbon burning zone 11;The outer wall of burner hearth 2 is equipped with the furnace wall 9 for heat-insulation and heat-preservation, stove Thorax 2 is equipped with least two observation maintenance doors 10, and it is consistent with 8 number of plies of fluted shape fire grate to observe 10 quantity of maintenance door.
The furnace outlet 16 of 2 lower part of burner hearth is connected with burning chamber 3, and 3 rear portion of burning chamber is equipped with upper drum 20 and lower drum 21, and upper drum 21 is equipped with water outlet 24, upper drum 20 and lower drum 21 and forms nature by the middle connection of convection bank 23 Water circulates, and upper drum 20 is connected to form water circulation, burning chamber 3 and convection bank by the water-cooling wall 22 of burning chamber 3 with header 27 23 bottom is respectively equipped with burning chamber's flying dust expansion chamber 17 and convection bank flying dust expansion chamber 18, and burning chamber's flying dust expansion chamber 17 And convection bank flying dust expansion chamber 18 is equipped with sedimentation ash discharging hole 19, two smoke baffle plates 25 are equipped among convection bank 23, two Smoke baffle plate 25 forms serpentine discharge flue with convection bank 23, and smoke outlet 26 is filled with exterior economizer and dust separation successively Put, air-introduced machine(Not shown in figure)Connection.
The boiler can also use gas-tight silo to substitute feeding screw and be sent into raw material, and gas-tight silo is equipped with inside and outside two flashboards, this When burner hearth be enclosed construction, pressurized firing mode.
A kind of operation principle of fluted shape furnace grate of the present invention: 1), first by baler by raw material(Stalk, straw, rubbish Deng)Cuboid or cylinder are squeezed into, is then sent into feeding screw with elevator;Raw material is sent into burner hearth by feeding screw, (This structure is negative-pressure firing, and burner hearth is open type, boiler as shown in Figure 1);When feeding style uses gas-tight silo, sealing Storehouse is equipped with inside and outside two flashboards, and outer flashboard is opened, and interior flashboard is closed, and stalk is sent into gas-tight silo, closes outer flashboard, opens inner brake Plate, raw material are sent into burner hearth,(This structure is pressurized firing, and burner hearth is enclosed);
2), into the raw material of burner hearth stir evenly and be laid on the fluted shape fire grate of top layer through burner hearth inner top mixer(One As use square structure fluted shape fire grate), the thickness of laying is generally in 500-1500mm(Avoid wearing thorax wind air excess).
3)If fruit structure is negative-pressure firing, burner hearth is open type, is then turned on air-introduced machine(Not shown in figure), light straw Stalk, burner hearth are in negative pressure state, and air is sucked from stalk top and fluted shape fire grate both ends air-vent;If structure is fired for micro-positive pressure Burn, burner hearth is opening air-introduced machine, lighting stalk to be enclosed, while opens air blower, and air is from stalk top and fluted shape stove Row's both ends air-vent is forced into;
4), after stalk lights, the flame downlink under air-introduced machine effect, formed it is anti-burn, temperature is reaching more than 200 degree, is opening Begin a large amount of release fugitive constituents, and since air is under 500-1500mm stalk thickness drags, air supply is insufficient, at this time top layer fluted shape The air that some ventilation holes in bottom of fire grate spray is mixed to form flame with fugitive constituent;
5), flame downlink, when air supply deficiency when, second layer fluted shape fire grate bottom vents spray air again, into one Step and fuel gas mixed combustion.
6), flame continue traveling downwardly, as air supply deficiency, third layer fluted shape fire grate fill into again air further with it is flammable Gas mixing is burnt, and similarly sets the 4th layer of fire grate, layer 5 fire grate, until burning is fully, completely, according to combustion case and thing Expect that component sets the number of plies of fluted shape fire grate.
Such as the main component of the caloric value of stalk is fugitive constituent 60-65%, fixed carbon content 10-15%, stalk is the The burning of one layer of fluted shape fire grate, which is released, loses mechanical strength after fugitive constituent, and under fall on dump grate, reach the thickness of 200mm or so When spending, the air outlet of grey room will be fed into appropriate air quantity and promote after-flame, and shake dump grate puts ash entrance chamber after reaching certain thickness, It can be discharged from main ash discharging hole.
7), stalk releases the flame that flame and fixed carbon burning caused by fugitive constituent burning produce and converged in burner hearth bottom Close, enter burning chamber through furnace outlet, form the radiation heat release to front and rear water-cooling wall, the flying dust of sedimentation falls into burning chamber's ash sedimentation Room.
8), flue gas enter convection bank, convection heating surface is formed by upper and lower drum and convection bank, smoke baffle plate is by flue gas It is divided into transversal flow and forms serpentine outflow boiler furnace, continues sedimentation flying dust and fall into convection bank ash expansion chamber.
9), flue gas enter economizer after convection bank heat release(Not shown in figure)Continue heat release, flue gas temperature in economizer Degree is generally at 160 degree or so.
10), flue gas go out after economizer to complete whole heat releases, go successively to dedusting, purifier, be most discharged into afterwards through air-introduced machine Air.
Obviously, embodiments described above is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art obtained without making creative work it is all its His embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of fluted shape furnace grate, including boiler furnace, it is characterised in that boiler furnace includes burner hearth and burning chamber, described Top in burner hearth is equipped with mixer, and the top both sides of burner hearth are respectively equipped with air intake and feeding screw, in the burner hearth Equipped with least two layers of fluted shape fire grate, and the air outlet face of fluted shape fire grate is removable towards burner hearth bottom, fluted shape fire grate and boiler furnace Connection is unloaded, top layer fluted shape fire grate top is fuel gasification layer, and the lower part of burner hearth is equipped with dump grate, in the top shape of dump grate Into fixed carbon burning zone, grey room is equipped with the lower part of dump grate, and grey room is equipped with main ash discharging hole, is equipped with and send in the side of grey room Air port, the furnace outlet of lower furnace portion are connected with burning chamber, and burning chamber rear portion is equipped with upper drum and lower drum, and upper drum is set There are water outlet, upper drum and lower drum to connect to form natural water circulation by middle convection bank, upper drum passes through burning chamber Water-cooling wall be connected to form water circulation with header, the bottom of burning chamber and convection bank be respectively equipped with burning chamber's flying dust expansion chamber and Convection bank flying dust expansion chamber, and burning chamber's flying dust expansion chamber and convection bank flying dust expansion chamber are equipped with sedimentation ash discharging hole, it is right Be equipped with two smoke baffle plates, two smoke baffle plates and convection bank formation serpentine discharge flue among flowing bundle, smoke outlet successively with outside The economizer and dedusting and purifying device in portion, air-introduced machine connection;
The fluted shape fire grate, including fluted shape tube body, the fluted shape tube body is equipped with the hollow body of air inlet for both ends, in bourdon's tube The one side of body sets single or two rows of air outlets, and air outlet is circular open, and air outlet is set according to different biomass fuels The spacing of quantity, the pore size of air outlet and adjacent air outlet;Fluted shape tube body is square structure or circular configuration or ellipse Structure, when setting two rows of air outlet in the one side of fluted shape tube body, two rows of air outlets is staggered, wherein a row it is any go out Air port, on the vertical extension line of another row two air outlets connecting line central point adjacent thereto, the thickness of the fluted shape tube body Spend and be made for 3-15mm, fluted shape tube body using carborundum or silicon nitride or heat-resisting steels, the inlet air at fluted shape tube body both ends Mouth is equipped with control valve.
2. a kind of fluted shape furnace grate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the fluted shape fire grate is applied to cooking stove, steams Boiler furnace, hot-water boiler, Industrial Stoves field.
3. a kind of fluted shape furnace grate according to claim 2, it is characterised in that fluted shape fire grate is applied to cooking stove, steam When boiler, hot-water boiler, Industrial Stoves, if setting dried layer according to biomass fuel difference and place capacity size, if every layer of setting Dry root, the spacing of the adjacent number of plies is the m of 0.2m -2.
A kind of 4. fluted shape furnace grate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the outer wall of the burner hearth be equipped be used for every The furnace wall of heat insulation, the burner hearth is equipped with least two observation maintenance doors, and observes maintenance door quantity and fluted shape fire grate number of plies phase Unanimously, the top layer fluted shape fire grate of the burner hearth is square structure fluted shape fire grate, and the fluted shape fire grate that lower part is set is circular configuration flute Shape fire grate, the dump grate are equipped with rocking handle.
5. a kind of fluted shape furnace grate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the boiler is sent into former using gas-tight silo Material, burner hearth are enclosed construction, pressurized firing mode.
CN201510549869.6A 2015-09-01 2015-09-01 A kind of fluted shape fire grate and its application, a kind of fluted shape furnace grate Expired - Fee Related CN105066152B (en)

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Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105546558A (en) * 2016-02-04 2016-05-04 赵海舜 Biomass combustion machine capable of discharging slag without furnace shutdown
CN109733632B (en) * 2018-11-12 2023-08-01 中航通飞华南飞机工业有限公司 Pressure oil filling pipeline outlet flow control device
CN109915813B (en) * 2019-03-29 2020-02-11 南京工业职业技术学院 High-efficiency combustion boiler combustion chamber
CN110369447B (en) * 2019-07-15 2021-03-12 昆明理工大学 Device and method for treating mining waste through in-situ carbonization of biomass
CN110671693A (en) * 2019-09-20 2020-01-10 东南大学 Layered combustion civil heating boiler
CN110513675B (en) * 2019-09-27 2020-10-02 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Straw bundling and burning method for efficiently recycling flue gas

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CN2127142Y (en) * 1992-02-21 1993-02-17 王有成 Wind pipe grate
CN1138676A (en) * 1995-06-16 1996-12-25 东方锅炉厂 Garbage incineration furnace
CN101097065A (en) * 2006-06-26 2008-01-02 朴显泽 Boiler using biomass as fuel

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CN2127142Y (en) * 1992-02-21 1993-02-17 王有成 Wind pipe grate
CN1138676A (en) * 1995-06-16 1996-12-25 东方锅炉厂 Garbage incineration furnace
CN101097065A (en) * 2006-06-26 2008-01-02 朴显泽 Boiler using biomass as fuel

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