CN1138676A - Garbage incineration furnace - Google Patents
Garbage incineration furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN1138676A CN1138676A CN95111409A CN95111409A CN1138676A CN 1138676 A CN1138676 A CN 1138676A CN 95111409 A CN95111409 A CN 95111409A CN 95111409 A CN95111409 A CN 95111409A CN 1138676 A CN1138676 A CN 1138676A
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- rubbish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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Abstract
An incinerator of garbage features that its furnace bed, afterheat recovery system and soot settling system are integrated in same furnace body, combining garbage drying, burning andheat energy utilization into a whole. Its advantages include simple structure, less possessed ground area, reliable operation and no secondary pollution.
Description
The invention belongs to a kind of is fuel with rubbish, is the combustion furnace and the burn processing method of main purpose with the disposal of refuse, boiler formula combustion furnace and combustion method thereof that particularly a kind of burner body and Waste Heat Recovery and drying garbage system combine together.This combustion furnace also can utilize used heat to industry and life heat supply in disposal of refuse, or provides superheated steam to be used for generating etc.
Along with the development of society, house refuse and industrial refuse are increasing, have caused serious threat to environmental protection, for the processing of these rubbish with utilize and become the pressing issues that modern civilization society is faced.Usually adopt three kinds of modes to carry out to the processing of these rubbish both at home and abroad at present, that is: landfill disposal method, compost treatment method and burning disposal method.Preceding two kinds of methods investment is big, it is high to require, floor space is big, long processing period, and cause underground water and surface water to pollute for the second time most probably: and incineration treatment method has characteristics such as innoxious degree is higher, to subtract capacity big, and floor space is few, and the processing cycle is short.Wherein adopt big machineryization.The boiler formula refuse burner of automation also can improve the comprehensive utilization value of rubbish effectively with the Waste Heat Recovery after the burning.The big machinery type of furnace that at present with rubbish is fuel in the world is divided into fixed bed and fluid bed two classes, wherein the Martin furnace of mobile grate stove in the fixed bed such as MIT, Switzerland Feng Ruoer hockey stick formula ladder grate furnace etc.Though that the former has is simple to operate, the flying dust amount is little, HCl, NO
XCan reach discharge standard Deng pernicious gas, be used for generating after the energy recovery, advantage such as its generated energy is also stable.But this furnace structure complexity, the fire grate wearing and tearing are big and need the high-grade alloy steel manufacturing, and to the bad adaptability of rubbish, burn-off rate is low, and burning load adjusting leeway is little, and stove internal combustion operating mode need adopt the combustion-supporting adjusting of fuel oil, because deslagging adopts wet type, needs sewage is handled; And one-time investment is big, the operating cost height, domestic only Shenzhen integrated treatment factory from Japan introduced three this Martin furnaces be used for the disposal of refuse Waste Heat Recovery be used for the generating.Though and that hockey stick formula ladder grate furnace has furnace binding is simpler, and rubbish is housed stirs shear, can use higher, the thicker advantages such as rubbish of moisture content, but it is fragile and need often to change that this stove exists fire grate segment and mechanical mechanism, and equally because of adopting the wet type deslagging to need sewage is handled, one-time investment is big, and operational management requires high defective.In addition, all there is body of heater in above-mentioned two kinds of type of furnaces and is arranged as WHRS (boiler) five equilibrium of energy recovery and has increased disadvantages such as floor space and management difficulty.
The objective of the invention is to design a kind of simple in structure, reliable, strong to rubbish adaptability, the boiler formula refuse burner of Waste Heat Recovery and utilization rate height and reduced investment; Reduce the garbage disposal cost to reach, save investment, improve the comprehensive utilization ratio of rubbish, avoid secondary pollution, protect purposes such as environment effectively.
Solution of the present invention is that the drying of rubbish is handled.The recovery system of combustion system and heat energy all is located at the segmentation of same body of heater inner face and is carried out.Adopt different fire grate structures in dryer section respectively with burning zone, and utilize the tail flue gas after energy recovery is handled that rubbish is carried out the drying processing, enter the burning zone burning then, cool cycles normal pressure or low pressure hot water system or the Natural Circulation low pressure of high-temperature flue gas in water-cooling wall and convection current smoke-box that burning forms, press the saturated vapor system in inferior, or the Natural Circulation time middle superheated steam system that presses carries out heat exchange, with to people life and industrial heating, or provide superheated steam to be used for generating its energy recovery.The present invention promptly realizes its goal of the invention by such scheme.Therefore, combustion furnace of the present invention comprises body of heater and is located at the interior siege of body of heater, charging and deslagging device, air-supply and blower unit, WHRS and auxiliary heat wind furnace, key is also to be provided with the drying garbage treatment system in body of heater, and face WHRS and sootfall system also all are located in the body of heater; Siege, drying system and WHRS all are connected into one by body of heater.Adopt coal-fired hot-blast stove as the auxiliary heat wind furnace in order to save fuel oil.And the drying garbage system comprises transmission device, automatically the pusher feed arrangement and be located at the first order with sootfall chamber, the second level between with the big gradient drying device of trapezoidal dry platform be located at cant on this device, reciprocating type material seeding mechanism.Also be provided with the flue gas opening on drying device, its through hole total cross section is about 25% of an aspect; Pitch and in the reciprocating type rubbish material seeding of cant mechanism, also be provided with material seeding.The sootfall system comprises the third level sootfall chamber before being divided into the forward and backward I and II sootfall chamber of big gradient drying device and being located at exhanst gas outlet; And siege (burning zone) can adopt the revesal scale chain grate, and ventilation section is: 15～20%; For the rubbish in the loose combustion process, improve burn-off rate, on siege, also be provided with the water-cooled material-loosing apparatus.WHRS comprises the convection current smoke-box of being located at the interior water-cooling wall of burner hearth, upper furnace and superheated steam generator and/or convection bank heating surface and the drum that is positioned at the convection current smoke-box; In order to reduce the flying dust amount that enters dryer section, in the convection current smoke-box, also be provided with flying dust sedimentation flue.
The combustion method of above-mentioned refuse burner comprises:
A, at first will be routinely rubbish after the sorting send on the dry platform of drying device through hopper and material-pulling device, and start the auxiliary heat wind furnace hot blast be provided in combustion furnace, it is dry and improve the siege temperature in order to igniting that the rubbish that enters dryer section is carried out a step;
B, after msw water content drops to required value and sends into the siege front portion, ignition starts the water circulation system in the WHRS simultaneously in the usual way, the normal back auxiliary heat wind furnace of waiting to burn quits work; High-temperature flue gas behind the incineration firing enter burner hearth at first with the water-cooling wall heat exchange after, enter the convection current smoke-box again with superheated steam generator and/or the further heat exchange of convection bank heating surface; Slag then discharges out of the furnace by slag remover;
Enter the drying garbage section through the side door flue under C, the effect of flue gas after multi-stage heat exchanger is handled rubbish is carried out the drying processing at air-introduced machine;
Rubbish after D, drying handle is sent into a body more successively, makes flying dust continue sedimentation in the face of the low-temperature flue gas of drying garbage after handling then enters the secondary expansion chamber, and then enters third level expansion chamber and once more the flying dust in the flue gas is carried out sedimentation and handle;
Discharge body of heater through exhanst gas outlet under E, the effect of low-temperature flue gas at air-introduced machine after three grades of sedimentations are handled, the two-stage dust removal process through routine just can reach international discharge standard and enter atmosphere at last.
Above-mentioned high-temperature flue gas at first with the water-cooling wall heat exchange after enter the convection current smoke-box again with superheated steam generator and/or the further heat exchange of convection bank heating surface, be meant when Waste Heat Recovery and the time in the convection current smoke-box, establish one group of superheated steam generator and 2-4 level convection bank heating surface to provide superheated steam:, in the convection current smoke-box, only establish 2～5 grades of convection bank heating surfaces to provide hot water or saturated vapor to industry or life when Waste Heat Recovery during as heat supply to generating set as generating.Adjusting the present invention of combustion furnace load can change according to the rubbish composition, controls and regulates by regulating fire grate speed and intake, thereby guarantee its flameholding.
The present invention is owing to combine drying garbage-burning-Waste Heat Recovery (heat energy utilization) together, only segmentation is carried out in same stove, has both improved the thermal efficiency, has overcome traditional incineration firing furnace body and WHRS etc. are separated again, complex structure, the operation complexity; Floor space is big, and investment is high, and burning will rely on defectives such as auxiliary oil system is stable, owing to adopted multistage sedimentation, flying dust amount greatly to reduce before fume emission, adopts dried slag removing in addition, does not therefore have sewage handling problem.In addition, on charging and drying system, be provided with automatic pusher charging and material seeding mechanism, from and greatly reduce operational administrative personnel's labour intensity.Therefore, it is simple in structure, compact that the present invention has, take up an area of few, reliable, strong to the adaptability of rubbish, heat recovery efficiency height, reduced investment-only be 1/5～1/8 of same specification equipment, the low and non-secondary pollution of garbage disposal cost is of value to advantages such as environmental protection.
Accompanying drawing and description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the invention one structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is embodiment two structural representations.
Among the figure: 1 is fire grate, 2, mucking machine, 3, preceding next part case, 4, face arch, 5, secondary air channel, 6, water-cooling wall, 7, body of heater, 8, upper collecting chamber, 9, superheater, 10, the convection current smoke-box, 11, rear arch, 12, material-loosing apparatus, 13, flying dust sedimentation flue, 14, the flue gas adjustment doors, 15, convection bank, 16, tube connector, 17, drum, 18, pusher, 19, hopper, 20, reductor, 21, the material seeding connecting rod, 22, dry platform, 23, drying device and material seeding mechanism, 24, the material seeding fork, 25, the flying dust expansion chamber, 26, second level flying dust expansion chamber, 27, smoke hole, 28, third level flying dust expansion chamber, 29, the cigarette exhanst gas outlet, 30, send (drum) blower fan, 31, ajutage, 32, the auxiliary heat wind furnace, 33, warm-air pipe, 34, water-supply-pipe.
Embodiment
Present embodiment is handled 120～150 tons of domestic wastes with day, and product pressure is 2.45MPa, and temperature is that the combustion furnace of 400 ℃ superheated steam 10t/h is an example:
Body of heater 7 long 15m, wide 5.7m all adopts heavy boiler setting all around, skin is a common brick, and internal layer is a standard refractory brick, the thick 230mm of refractory brick, stay the heat insulation seam of the wide expansion of 20mm (main furnace wall body total thickness 490mm) between the two brick layers, earth is mixed for filling expanded perlite thermal-nsulation in the top.The fire grate 1 of present embodiment adopts machine driving revesal scale chain grate, the wide 2.5m of its wheel base 6m fire grate, effective area 12.42m
2, the furnace grate ventilation section ratio is 18%, and fire grate adopts double-faced ventilated, and both sides are respectively arranged 5 air inlets and air register are set to regulate air quantity according to situation in the stove, guarantee smooth combustion in the stove; Waste layer thickness generally can be controlled in 0.2～0.6m scope on the fire grate, in order to improve the combustion efficiency of rubbish, three cover water-cooled loose metal devices is set on grate surface, and the two ends of loose metal device are stretched out respectively outside the body of heater and with cooling water and are connected, to guarantee its cooling effect.Fire grate top rear arch 11 length are 4.2m, and the inclination angle is 10 °, and the arch radius of curvature is 1.5m.Spiral-type slag eliminator adopts L * C type, removes the quantity of slag＞700kg/h.Burner hearth is vertically long to be 2.6m, and wide is 2.5 meters, and effective depth is 7.35m, the about 45m of dischargeable capacity
3About, the body of wall inwall is established water-cooling wall 6 before burner hearth, all adopts 51mm boiler seamless steel pipe to bend and is welded, and the water screen tube upper/lower terminal is connected with upper and lower collection case 8 and 3 respectively; The high 3.76m in face arch 4 centers protrudes stove inwall 0.8m, and 45 ° at inclination angle, bottom, top are 60 °, and secondary air channel 5 is located in the arch, and two ends directly are communicated with the underground ajutage in both sides.Partition wall between burner hearth and the convection pass 10 and the partition wall between the smoke-box adopt all that refractory concrete is integrated poured to form, and the smoke-box structure is W type four smoke-boxes, and present embodiment first smoke-box is provided with steam superheater 9, the second to four smoke-boxes and all establishes convection bank 15.Superheater 9 adopts 32 * 3mm, two layers of superheater of 22 row's double wraps; Each is organized convection bank and forms along row and collection case upper and lower with it welding by 51 * 3.5mm seamless steel tube for boiler.Flying dust sedimentation flue 13 is located at the smoke-box bottom and is respectively equipped with Lou ash door, can control outward by stove, and the ash that regularly will sink bleeds on the fire grate 1.Flue gas adjustment doors 14 is located at the 4th smoke-box rear side below, to regulate the cigarette temperature that enters hothouse according to the moisture situation of rubbish.Pusher 18 adopts infinitely variable speeds, per minute pusher 1～5 time (also can adopt the Artificial Control pusher), each about 0.9m of pusher amount
3Drying device and material seeding mechanism 23 provided thereon, 50 ° at oblique angle, the long 6m in inclined-plane, wide 2.5m, the both sides, inclined-plane adopt the labyrinth sealing baffle plate to be equipped with material seeding fork 24 to avoid occurring rubbish card chamber phenomenon and every layer, dry platform 22 uniform air vents, and the wind hole gross area is 25% of a platform area; Tail gas is discharged air inducing amount 43400m by exhanst gas outlet 29 under the effect of air-introduced machine
3/ h, air supply duct 31 is divided into two-way to the fire grate both sides by underground stringing, and the airduct sectional area is 0.7 * 0.8m, blow rate required 22500m
3/ h, duct resistance 1230Pa.
Present embodiment incendivity rubbish composition: moisture content W
y=50%, ash A
y=20%, oxygen O
2 y=13.82%, hydrogen H
2 y=2.15%, nitrogen N
2 y=0, the low heat valve of rubbish is Q
y DW=1000k card/kg.Rubbish is sent into stove inner drying platform, can regulate between 200～600mm according to rubbish water content rubbish floor height, is not more than 25% to guarantee the rubbish water content after drying is handled, and its caloric value generally can rise to Q
y DW=1800k card/kg.The burn-off rate of rubbish can reach more than 90%, and per hour producing pressure is 2.45MPa, and temperature is 400 ℃ superheated steam 10t/h.
Embodiment two
Claims (10)
1, a kind of refuse burner, comprise body of heater and be located at the interior siege of body of heater, charging and deslagging device, air-supply and blower unit, WHRS and auxiliary heat wind furnace, it is characterized in that also being provided with the drying garbage system in body of heater, and WHRS and sootfall system also all are located in the body of heater, siege, drying system and WHRS all are connected into one by body of heater.
2, by the described refuse burner of claim 1, it is characterized in that the auxiliary heat wind furnace is a coal-fired hot-blast stove.
3, by the described refuse burner of claim 1, it is characterized in that indication drying garbage system comprises transmission device, automatically the pusher feed arrangement and be located between first and second grade sootfall chamber with the big gradient drying device of trapezoidal dry platform and be located at cant on this device, reciprocating type material seeding mechanism.
4, by the described refuse burner of claim 3, it is characterized in that on big gradient drying device, also being provided with the flue gas opening, its through hole total cross-sectional area is about 25% of an aspect, and also is provided with the material seeding fork in the reciprocating type rubbish material seeding of cant mechanism.
5,, it is characterized in that the sootfall system comprises the third level sootfall chamber before being divided into the forward and backward I and II sootfall chamber of big gradient drying device and being located at exhanst gas outlet by the described refuse burner of claim 1.
6, by the described refuse burner of claim 1, it is characterized in that siege can adopt the revesal scale chain grate, its ventilation section is 15～20%; On siege, also be provided with the water-cooled material-loosing apparatus.
7,, it is characterized in that the indication WHRS comprises the water-cooling wall be located in the burner hearth, is located at the convection current smoke-box of upper furnace and is positioned at superheated steam generator and/or convection bank heating surface and the drum or the water heater of convection current smoke-box by the described refuse burner of claim 1; And in the convection current smoke-box, also be provided with flying dust sedimentation flue.
8, by the combustion method of the described refuse burner of claim 1, it is characterized in that this method comprises:
A, at first will be routinely rubbish after the sorting send on the dry platform of drying device through hopper and material-pulling device, and starting the auxiliary heat wind furnace, to provide hot blast that the rubbish that enters dryer section is carried out a step in stove dry and improve the siege temperature in order to igniting;
B, after msw water content drops to required value and sends into the siege front portion, ignition in the usual way starts the water circulation system in the WHRS simultaneously; High-temperature flue gas behind the incineration firing enter burner hearth at first with the water-cooling wall heat exchange after, enter the convection current smoke-box again with superheated steam generator and/or the further heat exchange of convection bank heating surface; Slag then discharges out of the furnace by slag remover;
C, the flue gas after multi-stage heat exchanger is handled enter the drying garbage section through the side door flue rubbish are carried out the drying processing under the effect of air-introduced machine;
Rubbish after D, drying handle is sent into a body more successively, the low-temperature flue gas after the garbage disposal is then entered the secondary expansion chamber make flying dust continue sedimentation, and then enter third level expansion chamber and once more the flying dust in the flue gas is carried out sedimentation and handle;
Discharge body of heater through exhanst gas outlet under E, the effect of low-temperature flue gas at air-introduced machine after three grades of sedimentations are handled, the two-stage dust removal process through routine just can reach international discharge standard and enter atmosphere at last.
9, by the described combustion method of claim 8, it is characterized in that so-called high-temperature flue gas at first with the water-cooling wall heat exchange after enter the convection current smoke-box again with superheated steam generator and/or the further heat exchange of convection bank heating surface.Be meant when Waste Heat Recovery and the time in the convection current smoke-box, establish one group of superheated steam generator and 2～4 grades of convection bank heating surfaces to provide superheated steam to generating set as generating, when Waste Heat Recovery is used as heat supply, in the convection current smoke-box, only establish 2～5 grades of convection bank heating surfaces to provide hot water or saturated vapor to industry or life.
10,, it is characterized in that the adjusting of burning load is controlled and regulated by regulating fire grate speed and intake by the described combustion method of claim 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95111409A CN1138676A (en) | 1995-06-16 | 1995-06-16 | Garbage incineration furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95111409A CN1138676A (en) | 1995-06-16 | 1995-06-16 | Garbage incineration furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1138676A true CN1138676A (en) | 1996-12-25 |
Family
ID=5078705
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95111409A Pending CN1138676A (en) | 1995-06-16 | 1995-06-16 | Garbage incineration furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1138676A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100396994C (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2008-06-25 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Wet sludge incinerating treatment apparatus with particle drier |
| CN100447489C (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2008-12-31 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Wet mud burning treatment apparatus with compound dryer |
| CN100453905C (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2009-01-21 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Wet sludge drying and incinerating treatment method employing circulating fluidized bed with combined dryer |
| CN101694354B (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-08-31 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Combustion settling chamber of electric stove fume |
| CN102748772A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2012-10-24 | 上海工业锅炉研究所 | High-moisture vinasse fuel direct-fired boiler system |
| CN105066152A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-11-18 | 胡乐鹏 | Flute-shaped grate, application thereof and flute-shaped grate boiler |
| CN105091551A (en) * | 2015-08-30 | 2015-11-25 | 汝州春秋生物质能源机电设备有限公司 | Biomass briquette hot blast heater of grain drying machine |
| CN107987855A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-04 | 利百川环保科技有限公司 | Box-like pyrolysis gasification furnace in one kind |
-
1995
- 1995-06-16 CN CN95111409A patent/CN1138676A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100453905C (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2009-01-21 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Wet sludge drying and incinerating treatment method employing circulating fluidized bed with combined dryer |
| CN100396994C (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2008-06-25 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Wet sludge incinerating treatment apparatus with particle drier |
| CN100447489C (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2008-12-31 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Wet mud burning treatment apparatus with compound dryer |
| CN101694354B (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-08-31 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Combustion settling chamber of electric stove fume |
| CN102748772A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2012-10-24 | 上海工业锅炉研究所 | High-moisture vinasse fuel direct-fired boiler system |
| CN102748772B (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2014-10-15 | 上海工业锅炉研究所 | High-moisture vinasse fuel direct-fired boiler system |
| CN105091551A (en) * | 2015-08-30 | 2015-11-25 | 汝州春秋生物质能源机电设备有限公司 | Biomass briquette hot blast heater of grain drying machine |
| CN105066152A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-11-18 | 胡乐鹏 | Flute-shaped grate, application thereof and flute-shaped grate boiler |
| CN105066152B (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2018-04-13 | 胡乐鹏 | A kind of fluted shape fire grate and its application, a kind of fluted shape furnace grate |
| CN107987855A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-04 | 利百川环保科技有限公司 | Box-like pyrolysis gasification furnace in one kind |
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