CN105066119A - Combined fluidized bed biomass boiler - Google Patents
Combined fluidized bed biomass boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN105066119A CN105066119A CN201510463144.5A CN201510463144A CN105066119A CN 105066119 A CN105066119 A CN 105066119A CN 201510463144 A CN201510463144 A CN 201510463144A CN 105066119 A CN105066119 A CN 105066119A
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- boiler
- biomass boiler
- burner hearth
- fluidized bed
- bed biomass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined fluidized bed biomass boiler which comprises a hearth, a secondary air pipe, a water cooling pipe, a fluidized bed and a tempering preventing feeding device. The tempering preventing feeding device comprises a feeding pipe and a jacket, and an air supply interlayer is formed between the jacket and the feeding pipe. The combined fluidized bed biomass boiler is low in tempering accident rate, and multiple kinds of fuel can be combusted at the same time. The load adjusting range is wide, the environmental protection performance is excellent, emissions of NOx and SO2 are effectively controlled, and the national emission standard is met. Heat conduction in the boiler is even, high heat accumulation performance is achieved, the heat recovery efficiency is high, and a recovery heat source is stable. The recyclability of ash residues is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biomass boiler, especially can prevent the composite fluidize bed boiler of tempering.
Background technology
At present, along with growing to energy demand of society, the fossil fuel as main energy sources source but promptly reduces.Therefore, find the alternative energy source of regeneration, become the focus of social common concern.Biomass energy is a kind of desirable regenerative resource, its wide material sources, has a large amount of industry, agricultural and forest discarded object output every year.In the energy resource consumption in the current world, biomass energy consumption accounts for 14% of world's total energy consumption, is only second to oil, coal and natural gas, occupies the 4th.And in developing country, biomass energy accounts for larger proportion, reach more than 50%.Design uses the Industrial Boiler of special biomass-burning to be one of important way of biomass utilization.China's Biomass Briquette Technologies development in recent years rapidly, use is boiler dedicated and under the condition of supporting sack cleaner, the Pollutant emission concentrations such as flue dust, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are lower, can reach the limit value requirement of relevant criterion.
Allow along with national policy and encourage at urban area development biomass shaping fuel-combustion boiler, there is multiple biomass boiler on the market, such as burning biomass particle chain-grate boiler, its compact conformation, easy for installation, price is low, power consumption is less, but traveling-grate stoker complex structure, drive disk assembly is many, easy break-down, maintenance cost is high, and burn-off rate is lower, and fines is revealed, the thermal efficiency is on the low side, the more difficult control of tempering, the bad adaptability of fuel, combustion temperature in hearth is high, easy coking, dust stratification, and discharged nitrous oxides is high.Also have a kind of CFBB in bulk, its thermal efficiency is high, and fuel tolerance is wide, low-temperature burning, heating surface is coking not easily, not easily dust stratification, discharged nitrous oxides is lower, environmental protection and energy saving, but boiler structure is complicated, volume is tall and big, floor space is large, and equipment price is expensive, install and boiler room capital expenditure all high, power consumption is high, and operating cost is high.
In use there is tempering phenomenon sometimes in boiler, mainly owing to there being certain speed during boiler combustion, concentration in air is in combustion limits concentration range, the flow velocity of biological particles will produce tempering lower than during burning velocity, and the higher flame speed of furnace temperature more easily produces tempering.As tempering appears in boiler, gently then reduce efficiency of combustion, dispenser is burnt out, heavy then feed bin is on fire, there is fire disaster.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of composite fluidize bed biomass boiler.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is, comprise burner hearth, secondary air channel, water cooling tube, fluid bed, anti-backfire feed arrangement, described anti-backfire feed arrangement comprises feed pipe and chuck, form air-supply interlayer between described chuck and feed pipe, the bottom of described burner hearth is provided with water-cooling sandwich.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, air-supply interlayer forms annular or circular brattice around feed pipe outlet, effectively can stop tempering, solve the tempering problem that biomass boiler often occurs, avoid burning out feed mechanism; Simultaneously, the wind that air-supply interlayer exports and fluid bed carry out composite fluidization to fuel particle, improve fluid effect, improve boiler thermal output, the bottom of burner hearth is provided with water-cooling sandwich, takes full advantage of lower furnace portion heat energy, improve boiler thermal output, reduce body of heater surface temperature, its structure is simple, easy to manufacture simultaneously.
Further, furnace arch, furnace nose is provided with below the top exhanst gas outlet of described burner hearth.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, abundant separating flue and do not burn biological particles, extend the burning time of biological particles in burner hearth, promote the thermal efficiency, its structure is simple, low cost of manufacture.
Further, the upper smoke gas outlet of described burner hearth is provided with burning chamber.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, further separation does not burn particle, prolonging combustion and heat exchanger time, improves the thermal efficiency, and its structure is simple, easy to manufacture.
Further, the exhanst gas outlet of described burner hearth also connects energy-saving appliance and air preheater successively.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, further raising heat exchanging efficiency.
Further, described energy-saving appliance, air preheater is arranged in below boiler tail.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, rationally distributed, compact conformation, saves and takes up an area space.
In sum, the present invention also has following beneficial effect, compares with conventional chain biomass boiler or ordinary fluidized bed boiler, for the characteristic of shaping living beings, and 200 ~ 250 DEG C, its ignition point, fugitive constituent >=50%, ash content 3 ~ 5%; For the adaptability of technology, it catches fire, and state is good, suitability of fuel wide, after-flame degree more than 96%, discharge environmental protection.
Composite fluidize bed biomass boiler fuel tolerance is wide, can use pluralities of fuel simultaneously; Load regulation range is wide, and environmental protection characteristic is superior, N0
xand S0
2discharge be obtained for effective control, meet discharging standards; Stove heat conduction is even, and recovery electric heating system is high, and heat recovery efficiency is high, reclaims thermal source and stablizes; Utilization of ash and slag is high.
The present invention has biomass fuel chain furnace and CFBB advantage concurrently, has chain furnace compact conformation, simple, operation, the advantage such as easy for installation, employing assembling is dispatched from the factory, main frame divides upper and lower two bodies, has all built by laying bricks or stones and package before dispatching from the factory, and assembling is closed up at the scene.
Lower furnace portion is air distribution plate, and air blast enters air compartment through air channel after air preheater preheating, then blows out from grid plate hood aperture, fuel is blown afloat, (boiling) burning in fluidization, burning is very abundant, and fuel evenly enters burner hearth through lower part helical machine through charging gear from front wall feed bin.Pressurized body is upper and lower barrel structure, is covered with convection tube and convection heating surface between drum, and burner hearth surrounding is solid matter waterwall tube, i.e. radiation heating-surface.There is Thermal Efficiency of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler simultaneously high, than chain furnace height 8%-15%.Its fuel tolerance is wide, not easily coking, dust stratification, environmental protection and energy saving etc.Less than floor space with CFBB, capital expenditure is few, the low feature of equipment price; And be seldom out of order, maintenance cost, operating cost are low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is schematic side view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is anti-backfire feed arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the present invention includes dispenser 1; Anti-backfire feed arrangement 2; Low level water-cooling sandwich 3; Fluid bed 4; Lower furnace and pipe laying 5; Secondary air channel 6; Upper furnace and water-cooling wall 7; Burner hearth and heat-insulation layer 8; Inner eycle burning chamber 9; Pressure-bearing body 10; Connect flue 11; Energy-saving appliance 12; Air preheater 13.Energy-saving appliance 12, air preheater 13 is arranged in below boiler tail.Anti-backfire feed arrangement 2 comprises feed pipe 21 and chuck 23, and form air-supply interlayer 25 between chuck and feed pipe, chuck 23 is provided with flange form air-supply dish 22, and air-supply dish 22 is provided with wind pushing hole 24.
The bottom of burner hearth 15 is provided with low level water-cooling sandwich 3.
Furnace arch, furnace nose 14 is provided with below the top exhanst gas outlet of burner hearth 15.
The upper smoke gas outlet of burner hearth 15 is provided with Inner eycle burning chamber 9.
The present embodiment adopts two drum, and boiler divides upper and lower two large parts to dispatch from the factory, with the large part of boiler body composition top " pot ", with the large part of combustion apparatus composition bottom " stove ".
Burner hearth 15 surrounding is furnished with water-cooling wall, after burner hearth, arrange convection bank, and flue gas restrains rear diameter energy-saving device 12 by burner hearth transversal flow first, second, third, and preheater 13, enters chimney through deduster by air-introduced machine.
Pressure-bearing body: upper lower drum internal diameter is φ 900mm ~ φ 1200mm, two drum centre-to-centre spacing are 2300mm ~ 2600mm, left and right header external diameter φ 219, horizontal centre distance is 2400mm ~ 3800mm, furnace wall cooling pitch is 55, convection bank is respectively 90 × 130mm along column pitch, and boiler tube bundle and water-cooling wall are connected with upper lower drum and all adopt welding manner.
Combustion apparatus: air-distribution device adopts isobaric air compartment, is with the straight type cap structure of flat deflector.The effective area of air distribution plate is 1.6 ㎡-8.9 ㎡.
The feed-type of dispenser 1 adopts screw feeder and Geldart-D particle to combine form.
The energy-saving appliance 12 of afterbody is made up of the cast iron extended surface tube of 1000mm ~ 2000mm; Air preheater 13 is made up of φ 50 × 2 steel pipe.
The present embodiment adopts assembling to dispatch from the factory, and main frame divides upper and lower two bodies, has all built by laying bricks or stones and has packaged, close up at the scene before dispatching from the factory.Lower furnace portion is air distribution plate, and air blast enters air compartment through air channel after air preheater preheating, then blows out from grid plate hood aperture, fuel is blown afloat, (boiling) burning in fluidization, burning is very abundant, and fuel evenly enters burner hearth from front wall lower part helical machine through charging gear.Pressurized body is upper and lower barrel structure, is covered with convection tube and convection heating surface between drum, and burner hearth surrounding is waterwall tube, i.e. radiation heating-surface.Energy-saving appliance 12, air preheater 13 is arranged in below boiler tail.
The present embodiment is combined by upper body and large of bottom.Two large parts only need be built furnace wall by laying bricks or stones and can be put into operation after building site closes up, so in-site installation is convenient, the cycle is short, and expense is few.Compact conformation, floor space is few, and good looking appearance is generous, and boiler room only needs individual layer to arrange, so civil engineering small investment.Easy and simple to handle, operate steadily, increasing temperature and pressure is fast, foot of exerting oneself, and adapts to fuel wide.Subsidiary engine is comprehensive, induced draft, water pump, feeding system, and deduster etc. all can meet boiler operatiopn needs.Be equipped with more complete electric control gear and thermal technology's measuring instrument, stoker's operation is convenient.
The embodiment of the present invention and burning biomass particle chain-grate boiler, CFBB in bulk are made cost-efficiency analysis:
Chain-grate boiler compact conformation, easy for installation, price is low, power consumption is less, but traveling-grate stoker complex structure, drive disk assembly is many, easy break-down, maintenance cost is high, and burn-off rate is lower, fines is revealed, and the thermal efficiency is on the low side, the more difficult control of tempering, fuel make answering property poor, combustion temperature in hearth is high, easy coking, dust stratification, and discharged nitrous oxides is high;
Thermal Efficiency of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler in bulk is high, and fuel tolerance is wide, low-temperature burning, heating surface is coking not easily, not easily dust stratification, and discharged nitrous oxides is lower, environmental protection and energy saving, but boiler structure is complicated, and volume is tall and big, and floor space is large, equipment price is expensive, install and boiler room capital expenditure all high, power consumption is high, and operating cost is high;
The present invention has chain furnace compact conformation, easy for installation, and floor space is little, and capital expenditure is few, and equipment price is low, and the thermal efficiency simultaneously with CFBB is high, and fuel tolerance is wide, not easily coking, dust stratification, environmental protection and energy saving etc.And boiler structure is simple, easy to operate, be seldom out of order, total power consumption is not high yet, and maintenance cost, operating cost is low.
Below for 20t/h, the embodiment of the present invention and chain-grate boiler are carried out the thermal efficiency and energy consumption comparison: fuel value is by 4000kcal/kg; 20t/h chain-grate boiler each hour consume fuel is: (665-105)/0.78 ÷ 4000 × 20=3590kg.20t/h embodiment of the present invention each hour consume fuel is: (665-105)/0.88 ÷ 4000 × 20=3180kg.Namely fuel 3590-3180=410kg/h is saved.Fuel is by 1000 yuan/ton, and reduce expenses 410 yuan/h.But power consumption wants high 50 degree/h.By 0.6 yuan/degree, the electricity charge will exceed 30 yuan/h.Namely save 410-30=380 unit/h, the embodiment of the present invention saves 380 × 16=6080 unit than chain-grate boiler every day.Annual by calculating in 300 days, also have maintenance cost, fire grate segment consumable accessory expense etc. did not count, and the whole year saves 1,820,000 yuan.
Below list the partial parameters of 20t/h, 15t/h embodiment of the present invention: table one is the partial parameters of 15t/h, 20t/h embodiment of the present invention; Table two is 20t/h embodiment of the present invention design fuel and Fuel Consumption.
Table one
Table two
In table one and table two, " SZF15-1.25-BMF ", " SZF20-1.25-BMF " are embodiment model code, and numeral " 15 " refers to 15t/h model, and numeral " 20 " refers to 20t/h model.
Environmental protection index, meets GB13271 key area standard, with flue gas monitoring report by being as the criterion: dust≤30mg/Nm3; NOX≤200mg/Nm3; SO2≤100mg/Nm3.
Claims (5)
1. a composite fluidize bed biomass boiler, it is characterized in that, comprise burner hearth, secondary air channel, water cooling tube, fluid bed, anti-backfire feed arrangement, described anti-backfire feed arrangement comprises feed pipe and chuck, form air-supply interlayer between described chuck and feed pipe, the bottom of described burner hearth is provided with water-cooling sandwich.
2. a kind of composite fluidize bed biomass boiler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with furnace arch, furnace nose below the top exhanst gas outlet of described burner hearth.
3. a kind of composite fluidize bed biomass boiler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the upper smoke gas outlet of described burner hearth is provided with burning chamber.
4. a kind of composite fluidize bed biomass boiler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the exhanst gas outlet of described burner hearth also connects energy-saving appliance and air preheater successively.
5. a kind of composite fluidize bed biomass boiler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described energy-saving appliance, air preheater is arranged in below boiler tail.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510463144.5A CN105066119A (en) | 2015-08-01 | 2015-08-01 | Combined fluidized bed biomass boiler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510463144.5A CN105066119A (en) | 2015-08-01 | 2015-08-01 | Combined fluidized bed biomass boiler |
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| CN105066119A true CN105066119A (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201344524Y (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2009-11-11 | 武汉凯迪电力工程有限公司 | Feeding device of anti-reflow biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN202166052U (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2012-03-14 | 太原锅炉集团有限公司 | Air distribution device for boiler coal supply system of recirculating fluidized bed |
| CN102628590A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-08-08 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Biomass circulating fluidized bed direct combustion apparatus |
| CN202452478U (en) * | 2012-06-24 | 2012-09-26 | 湘潭锅炉有限责任公司 | Secondary air inlet distribution type biomass boiler |
| CN204153767U (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-02-11 | 刘金生 | A kind of biomass fuel boiler |
-
2015
- 2015-08-01 CN CN201510463144.5A patent/CN105066119A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201344524Y (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2009-11-11 | 武汉凯迪电力工程有限公司 | Feeding device of anti-reflow biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN202166052U (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2012-03-14 | 太原锅炉集团有限公司 | Air distribution device for boiler coal supply system of recirculating fluidized bed |
| CN102628590A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-08-08 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Biomass circulating fluidized bed direct combustion apparatus |
| CN202452478U (en) * | 2012-06-24 | 2012-09-26 | 湘潭锅炉有限责任公司 | Secondary air inlet distribution type biomass boiler |
| CN204153767U (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-02-11 | 刘金生 | A kind of biomass fuel boiler |
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Application publication date: 20151118 |