CN105062950B - A kind of nutrient solution, olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor and artificial pollination method - Google Patents
A kind of nutrient solution, olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor and artificial pollination method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nutrient solution, olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor and artificial pollination method, which is to add following components in water: sucrose, boric acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, nutrient solution pH be 6 ~ 6.5；Olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor is to add olive pollen in nutrient solution；Olive artificial pollination method is that olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor is sprayed to open olive in two times to take, and pollination time interval is no more than 72h twice.Inventor is proved by comparative experiments, and compared to sucrose+boric acid, the germination rate of olive pollen improves 8.36% ~ 11.33%, and level of difference reaches extremely significant；Olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor preparation of the present invention is simple, easy to use, is suitable for popularization and application；Olive artificial pollination method of the present invention, can be obviously promoted the germination of pollen in artificial pollination, to improve pollination success rate, Olive Fruit rate finally can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant sexual propagation field, it is related to a kind of nutrient solution and olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor, together
When further relate to using the olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor carry out olive artificial pollination method.
Background technique
Olive (Olea europaea L.) primary in Mediterranean country, China started to introduce a fine variety tame and docile in 1964
Change, by screening in 50 years, formed multiple excellent main breeds: mainly with Lay star, Fo Ao, Hubei Province plant No. 8, skin cut benefit,
A Si, Chenggu 32 etc. are representative.It successfully promotes and plants on Gansu, Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Guizhou and other places.
Research shows that the potentiality to be exploited of olive oil is huge, be demonstrated to promote blood circulation, improve digestive system function,
It protects skin, improve endocrine system function, the benefit to skeletal system, anti-cancer, radiation protection, anti-aging, prevention cardiovascular and cerebrovascular
The effects of disease, is obvious, is the natural edible oil of high-grade green, health.40,000 tons of Chinese festiva import or more of olive oil, at present
Domestic olive oil annual output is only the 3% ~ 5% of year import total amount, needs to improve yield.
Inventors have found that can olive pollen germination rate and germination of pollen tube length be the weights for determining complete fertilization process
Want condition, when pollination pollen can with start to sprout after the affine contact of pistil stigma, pollen tube constantly extends into blastular and embryo of silkworms
Fertilization is completed in fusion, influences the factor of normal fertilization other than ambient temperature, humidity and wind, and there are also column cap activity and pollen are living
Power.However nutriment needed for pollen germination is almost entirely from pollen itself, if in pollen germination, boric acid, sucrose
The supplement of equal nutrition, can greatly facilitate the sprouting of pollen.
Olive belongs to hermaphrodite flower, extremely low or shaky with setting percentage of pollinating between the tree body of kind, Olive Fruit rate phase
To lower, generally 3% ~ 8%, improving Olive Fruit rate is always to improve one of the important channel of yield.And by artificial miscellaneous
It hands over pollination technique to improve pollination efficiency and improves the most direct effective approach of percentage of fertile fruit.
In realizing process of the present invention, inventor has found that research promotes the ratio of nutrient solution of olive pollen germination to artificial
The raising of pollination efficiency is significant.Inventor designs by test of many times and multiple batches of test, gradually finds out optimum oil olive
The ratio of nutrient solution of olive pollen germination and pollen tube growth.And a certain amount of olive pollen of application proportion addition, with water mist
The form sprayed carries out palmification to the olive in the florescence, promotes olive artificial pollination efficiency with this technology,
This method can preferably improve percentage of fertile fruit and yield.
Summary of the invention
In consideration of it, it is an object of that present invention to provide the nutrient solution that one kind can promote olive pollen germination, the nutrient solution
Pollination efficiency and percentage of fertile fruit can be greatly improved compared with the prior art.Meanwhile the present invention also provides artificial for olive
The olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor of pollination.The present invention also provides use the olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor to carry out olive
The method of artificial pollination.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution provided by the invention is to provide a kind of nutrient solution, which can
Promote olive pollen germination, which is to add following components and its content in water:
Sucrose: 12% ~ 13%wt；
Boric acid: 50mg/L ~ 60mg/L；
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.8g/L ~ 1.2g/L；
The pH of nutrient solution is 6 ~ 6.5.
A preferred embodiment of nutrient solution according to the present invention, the nutrient solution be in water add following components and its
Content:
Sucrose: 12%wt；
Boric acid: 50mg/L；
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 1g/L；
The pH of nutrient solution is 6 ~ 6.5.
A specific embodiment of nutrient solution according to the present invention, which further includes following components and its content:
Component one: vitamin B1: 20mg/L ~ 25mg/L；
Or/and
Component two: auxin: 4.5mg/L ~ 5.5mg/L；
Gibberellin: 0.8mg/L ~ 1.2mg/L.
A preferred embodiment of nutrient solution according to the present invention, the nutrient solution each component and its content are as follows:
Component one: vitamin B1: 20mg/L；
Or/and
Component two: auxin: 5mg/L；
Gibberellin: 1mg/L.
The present invention also provides a kind of olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor based on aforementioned nutrient solution, adds in the nutrient solution
Oiling olive pollen, the additive amount of pollen are 0.2g/L ~ 0.5g/L.
A specific embodiment of the olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor according to the present invention, the olive pollen battalion
The mixed liquor holding time is supported no more than 4h.
A specific embodiment of the olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor according to the present invention, the olive pollen battalion
Mixed liquor is supported to be prepared by following steps:
1) it uses pure tap water as solvent, first sequentially adds sucrose, boric acid, add remaining component, be sufficiently stirred
Uniformly；
It 2) is 6 ~ 6.5 with sodium hydroxide or salt acid for adjusting pH value；
3) cryogenically treated and 1h ~ the 2h that rises again at room temperature olive pollen is added, is sufficiently stirred and is uniformly mixed
It closes in the solution.
Artificial pollination method is carried out using aforementioned olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor the present invention also provides a kind of, is suitable for
Olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor is sprayed to open olive and taken by olive；By Phenological Observation, when tree body has 40 ~
50% the flowers are in blossom that first time artificial pollination is carried out when putting, when tree body 80% ~ 90% the flowers are in blossom put when carry out second and pollinate, when pollinating twice
Between interval be no more than 72h.Preferably, pollination time interval is no more than 48h twice.
A specific embodiment of the artificial pollination method according to the present invention further includes that the acquisition of pollen and preservation walk
It is rapid: before olive is bloomed, to give inflorescence bagging with sulfuric acid paper bag, full-bloom stage collects the pollen to shed and removes sundries；Or acquisition
Compared with prematurity, the biggish branch of blooming of flower density, 12h is placed in 30 DEG C of drying box, is laid with below drying box and collects flower
The template of powder collects pollen and cleans；Pollen is placed in closed, half-light, cryo-conservation in vial, is used for the year at 4 DEG C
~ -20 DEG C of preservations, next year use are saved at -20 DEG C.
A specific embodiment of the artificial pollination method according to the present invention, pollen that cryo-conservation is crossed using it is preceding
Rise again 1h ~ 2h at room temperature.
Compared with prior art, a technical solution in above-mentioned technical proposal has the advantages that
1, nutrient solution prescription of the present invention: sucrose+boric acid+potassium dihydrogen phosphate or sucrose+boric acid+potassium dihydrogen phosphate+vitamin
B1Perhaps sucrose+boric acid+potassium dihydrogen phosphate+auxin+gibberellin or sucrose+boric acid+potassium dihydrogen phosphate+vitamin B1+ raw
Long element+gibberellin can significantly improve the germination rate of olive pollen.Inventor proved by comparative experiments, compared to sucrose+
Boric acid, the germination rate of olive pollen improve 8.36% ~ 11.33%, and level of difference reaches extremely significant (P0.05< 0.01).
2, olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor preparation of the present invention is simple, easy to use, is suitable for popularization and application.
3, olive artificial pollination method of the present invention, can be obviously promoted the germination of pollen in artificial pollination, to improve
Pollination success rate, finally can be improved Olive Fruit rate.
4, can olive pollen germination rate and germination of pollen tube length be the essential conditions for determining complete fertilization process.This
Invention can make the pollen of olive, and up to 10% ~ 20%, pollen tube length obviously extends germination rate for 24 hours, can greatly improve oily olive
Olive pollen fertilization effect.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment is illustrated below.
Embodiment 1
Nutrient solution described in the present embodiment is to add each component: sucrose by following standard in distilled water or pure tap water
12%wt, boric acid 50mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.8g/L.The pH of nutrient solution is 6 ~ 6.5.
Embodiment 2
Nutrient solution described in the present embodiment is to add each component: sucrose by following standard in distilled water or pure tap water
13%wt；Boric acid 60mg/L；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2g/L；The pH of nutrient solution is 6 ~ 6.5.
Embodiment 3
Nutrient solution described in the present embodiment is to add each component: sucrose by following standard in distilled water or pure tap water
12%wt；Boric acid 50mg/L；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1g/L.The pH of nutrient solution is 6 ~ 6.5.
Embodiment 4
Nutrient solution described in the present embodiment is to add each component: sucrose by following standard in distilled water or pure tap water
12%wt, boric acid 50mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.8g/L, vitamin B120mg/L.The pH of nutrient solution is 6 ~ 6.5.
Embodiment 5
Nutrient solution described in the present embodiment is to add each component: sucrose by following standard in distilled water or pure tap water
13%wt, boric acid 60mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2g/L, vitamin B125mg/L.The pH of nutrient solution is 6 ~ 6.5.
Embodiment 6
Nutrient solution described in the present embodiment is to add each component: sucrose by following standard in distilled water or pure tap water
12%wt, boric acid 50mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1g/L, vitamin B120mg/L.The pH of nutrient solution is 6 ~ 6.5.
Embodiment 7
Nutrient solution described in the present embodiment is to add each component: sucrose by following standard in distilled water or pure tap water
12%wt, boric acid 50mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.8g/L, auxin 4.5mg/L, gibberellin 0.8mg/L.The pH of nutrient solution be 6 ~
6.5。
Embodiment 8
Nutrient solution described in the present embodiment is to add each component: sucrose by following standard in distilled water or pure tap water
13%wt, boric acid 60mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2g/L, auxin 5.5mg/L, gibberellin 1.2mg/L.The pH of nutrient solution be 6 ~
6.5。
Embodiment 9
Nutrient solution described in the present embodiment is to add each component: sucrose by following standard in distilled water or pure tap water
12%wt, boric acid 50mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1g/L, auxin 5mg/L, gibberellin 1mg/L.The pH of nutrient solution is 6 ~ 6.5.
Embodiment 10
Nutrient solution described in the present embodiment is to add each component: sucrose by following standard in distilled water or pure tap water
12%wt, boric acid 50mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.8g/L, vitamin B120mg/L, auxin 4.5mg/L, gibberellin 0.8mg/L.
The pH of nutrient solution is 6 ~ 6.5.
Embodiment 11
Nutrient solution described in the present embodiment is to add each component: sucrose by following standard in distilled water or pure tap water
13%wt, boric acid 60mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2g/L, vitamin B125mg/L, auxin 5.5mg/L, gibberellin 1.2mg/L.
The pH of nutrient solution is 6 ~ 6.5.
Embodiment 12
Nutrient solution described in the present embodiment is to add each component: sucrose by following standard in distilled water or pure tap water
12%wt, boric acid 50mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1g/L, vitamin B120mg/L, auxin 5mg/L, gibberellin 1mg/L.Nutrient solution
PH be 6 ~ 6.5.
Embodiment 13
The present embodiment, which is said, describes a kind of olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor, is in 1 ~ 12 any embodiment of embodiment
The olive pollen of 0.2g/L ~ 0.5g/L is added on the basis of nutrient solution.Specific addition standard can be 0.2g/L, 0.3g/L,
0.4g/L or 0.5g/L, and any amount in 0.2 ~ 0.5 range, for example, addition standard is 0.2g/L, i.e., every 1L nutrient solution
Middle addition 0.2g olive pollen.
The olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor holding time is no more than 4h, need to be i.e. with i.e. use.By Germicidal efficacy, holding time
Greater than 4h, pollen tube will sprout rapidly elongation, can reduce the effect using olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor artificial pollination, finally
Pollination Effect can be reduced, olive yield is reduced.
Olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor preparation step is as follows:
1) it uses pure tap water as solvent, first sequentially adds sucrose, boric acid, add remaining component, be sufficiently stirred
Uniformly；The additive amount of respective components is in following range: sucrose: 12% ~ 13%wt；Boric acid: 50mg/L ~ 60mg/L；Biphosphate
Potassium: 0.8g/L ~ 1.2g/L；Vitamin B1: 20mg/L ~ 25mg/L；Auxin: 4.5mg/L ~ 5.5mg/L；Gibberellin: 0.8mg/L
~1.2mg/L.For example, using pure tap water 1L that 120 ~ 130g sucrose, 50 ~ 60mg boron can be added as the solvent of nutrient solution
Acid, 0.8 ~ 1.2g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 ~ 25mg vitamin B1, 4.5 ~ 5.5mg auxin, 0.8 ~ 1.2mg gibberellin.
It 2) is 6 ~ 6.5 with 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide or salt acid for adjusting pH value.
3) cryogenically treated and 1h ~ the 2h that rises again at room temperature olive pollen is added, is sufficiently stirred and uniform
Mixing is in the solution.The pollen of acquisition is placed in closed, half-light, cryo-conservation in vial, current year in use, pollen 4 DEG C ~-
It is saved under the conditions of 20 DEG C；Next year under the conditions of -20 DEG C in use, save.
Embodiment 14
It is the artificial pollination method of olive described in the present embodiment.Including acquiring and saving pollen, olive pollen
Nutrient mixing liquid preparation and by spraying pollination and etc..Wherein, olive pollens nutrition Compound mixed solution is carried out according to embodiment 13,
The present embodiment repeats no more this.
The acquisition and preservation of pollen: before olive is bloomed, inflorescence bagging is given with sulfuric acid paper bag, full-bloom stage collection sheds
Pollen simultaneously removes sundries；Or acquisition places 12h in 30 DEG C of drying box compared with prematurity, the biggish branch of blooming of flower density,
It is laid with the template for collecting pollen below drying box, collect pollen and cleans；Pollen is placed in closed, half-light in vial, low
Temperature saves, and uses save at 4 DEG C ~ -20 DEG C for the year, and next year use is saved at -20 DEG C；The pollen that cryo-conservation is crossed is using preceding in room
Rise again 1h ~ 2h under temperature.
Olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor carries out artificial pollination: olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor is sprayed to open oil
Olive is taken；By Phenological Observation, first time artificial pollination is carried out when tree body has 40 ~ 50% the flowers are in blossom and puts, when tree body 80% ~ 90%
The flowers are in blossom carries out when putting pollinating for second, and pollination time is no more than 72h, preferably more than 48h twice.Orchard worker is led in field spray
Spray amount often cannot be accurately controlled, by spraying should be uniform, it should not spray excessively, spray and can stop when slightly having water droplet on flower.
To further illustrate beneficial effects of the present invention, it is illustrated below by way of specific experiment.For convenience of more scientific
The germination rate of olive pollen and the length of pollen tube are observed and illustrated in ground, this experiment carries out in the lab.Nutrient solution is made
It is made for culture medium, which is to be added to the agar of 0.5%wt, agar is then to the sprouting of pollen on the basis of nutrient solution
The elongation of power and pollen tube do not generate biochemistry in terms of influence.Therefore, which can really reflect the function of nutrient solution
It can and act on.
Steps are as follows for specific experiment:
(1) acquisition and preservation of pollen: randomly selecting the vigorous olive branch of stamen, collects the pollen half-light to shed and protects
In the presence of in -20 DEG C of refrigerator.
(2) sterilizing before inoculation: before being inoculated with pollen, utensils such as culture dish, tweezers wash with distilled water, and dried at 80 DEG C
It is dry, then high pressure steam sterilization 30mim under the conditions of all utensils are placed in 121 DEG C.
(3) production of culture medium: the olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor of olive artificial pollination is that outer production out of office is used,
It selects to use pure tap water more convenient as solvent, in the case where conditions permit, distilled water also can be used.It is abundant
Illustrate that each component to the facilitation of pollen germination power, should avoid the factor pair other than experimental design as far as possible under laboratory condition
The influence of experiment effect, therefore following selection distilled water is as solvent.
The agar solution of 0.5%wt is prepared with the distilled water that 1L boils, then successively dissolves in 120g sucrose, 50mg boric acid,
Steam sterilizing 20min at 121 DEG C；
When culture medium solution temperature is down to 40 DEG C, according to the proportion of following i ~ vi culture medium, add in agar solution
Enter potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the vitamin B of corresponding content1, auxin, gibberellin bacteriological filtration solution, stir:
I, 0.5%wt agar+12%wt sucrose+50mg/L boric acid+1g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate.Increase parallel laboratory test group simultaneously,
The concentration that potassium dihydrogen phosphate is arranged is 3g/L, remaining condition is constant；
II, 0.5%wt agar+12%wt sucrose+50mg/L boric acid+1g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate+20mg/L vitamin B1+5mg/
L auxin+1mg/L gibberellin.Increase parallel laboratory test group simultaneously, adding and setting the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 3g/L, vitamin
B125mg/L, adds auxin 7.5mg/L-gibberellin 3mg/L combination, remaining condition is constant；
III, 0.5%wt agar+12%wt sucrose+50mg/L boric acid+1g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate+20mg/L vitamin B1.Simultaneously
Increase parallel laboratory test group, adding and setting the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 3g/L, vitamin B125mg/L；Remaining condition is constant；
IV, 0.5%wt agar+12%wt sucrose+50mg/L boric acid+1g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate+5mg/L auxin+1mg/L are red
Mycin.Increase parallel laboratory test group simultaneously, adding and setting the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 3g/L, and it is red mould to add auxin 7.5mg/L-
Plain 3mg/L combination, remaining condition are constant；
V, 0.5%wt agar+12%wt sucrose+50mg/L boric acid+20mg/L vitamin B1.Increase parallel laboratory test group simultaneously,
It adds and sets vitamin B125mg/L；Remaining condition is constant；
+ 12% sucrose+50mg/L boric acid of vi, 0.5%wt agar,
Wherein, vi is as i, the control experiment of II, III, IV, v, behind pass through experimental study potassium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin
B1, the effect and effect of auxin, gibberellin to olive pollen germination；
It is finally 6 ~ 6.5 with the sodium hydroxide of 0.1mol/L or salt acid for adjusting pH range.
(4) it is inoculated with pollen: prepared different culture medium is evenly distributed in the bottom of sterile petri dish, thickness respectively
0.3~0.5cm.The olive pollen for the 1h ~ 2h that rises again equably is seeded on culture medium with tweezers or writing brush, covers culture dish
Upper flap after slightly shake culture dish, make to be inoculated with 1/3 ~ 1/2 contacting with culture medium for pollen surface.
(5) culture medium for being inoculated with olive pollen pollen cultures and observation: is put into the culture of 25 DEG C, 3000Lx light intensity
It is cultivated in case.In culture 4h, for 24 hours and after 48h, 12 ~ 30 visuals field of random observation, are repeated 3 times under × 10 object lens, and record is simultaneously
The germination rate and germination of pollen tube length for calculating olive pollen, the results are shown in Table 1 to table 3.
Sprouting situation when the pollen 4h of 1 different culture medium of table processing
| Processing | Germination rate (%) | Length (μm) |
| A1B1C1 | 0.92±0.22JK | 101.57±15.79GHI |
| A1B1C2 | 0.89±0.12JK | 91.82±39.95HI |
| A1B1C3 | 1.52±0.32FGHIJK | 171.92±22.55EFG |
| A1B2C1 | 1.18 ±0.30IJK | 171.24±21.44EFG |
| A1B2C2 | 2.10±0.33EFGHIJK | 199.20±29.03DEF |
| A1B2C3 | 0.64±0.12K | 212.19±31.78CDF |
| A1B3C1 | 0.85 ±0.17JK | 190.67 ±51.74DEF |
| A1B3C2 | 1.48±0.29GHIJK | 142.93±32.16FGH |
| A1B3C3 | 1.40±0.21HIJK | 166.48±35.55EFGH |
| A2B1C1 | 6.68±0.75ABC | 221.84±17.11CDEF |
| A2B1C2 | 6.91±0.78AB | 237.09±18.25CDE |
| A2B1C3 | 5.93±0.42BC | 194.22±18.18DEF |
| A2B2C1 | 7.79±0.79A | 342.56±14.91A |
| A2B2C2 | 5.53±1.09BC | 265.21±18.17BCD |
| A2B2C3 | 5.38±0.51BCD | 169.46±22.31EFG |
| A2B3C1 | 6.70±0.98ABC | 331.83±20.18AB |
| A2B3C2 | 5.08±0.52CD | 256.61±19.28CD |
| A2B3C3 | 5.34±0.59BCD | 165.03±17.89EFGH |
| A3B1C1 | 3.81±0.67DE | 150.96±15.59FGH |
| A3B1C2 | 2.89±0.38EFGH | 66.66±15.52I |
| A3B1C3 | 2.85±0.18EFGHI | 67.86±4.82I |
| A3B2C1 | 3.80±0.16DE | 202.92±12.47DEF |
| A3B2C2 | 3.14±0.30EFG | 99.60±3.36GHI |
| A3B2C3 | 3.74±0.18DE | 144.63±11.98FGH |
| A3B3C1 | 5.33±0.51BCD | 282.75±20.30ABC |
| A3B3C2 | 3.17±0.24EF | 102.98±8.27GHI |
| A3B3C3 | 2.49±0.26EFGHIJ | 66.66±3.41I |
2 different culture medium of table processing pollen for 24 hours when sprouting situation
| Processing | Germination rate (%) | Length (μm) |
| A1B1C1 | 4.45±0.54DEFGH | 395.34±46.77ABCD |
| A1B1C2 | 2.59±0.53FGH | 175.39±25.79HIJKLM |
| A1B1C3 | 4.41±0.59DEFGH | 307.71±33.12CDEFG |
| A1B2C1 | 8.34±0.67ABC | 430.73 ±37.21ABC |
| A1B2C2 | 2.43±0.30GH | 367.99±59.53ABCDE |
| A1B2C3 | 3.21±0.43FGH | 322.08±36.59BCDEF |
| A1B3C1 | 4.43±0.46DEFH | 484.64 ±39.39A |
| A1B3C2 | 3.30±0.51EFGH | 317.38±34.91BCDEF |
| A1B3C3 | 2.07±0.27H | 212.42±19.83GHIJKL |
| A2B1C1 | 10.31±1.35AB | 444.39±39.74AB |
| A2B1C2 | 8.47±1.07ABC | 251.30±27.20FGHIJ |
| A2B1C3 | 7.77±2.27BCD | 197.87±29.72GHIJKM |
| A2B2C1 | 8.36±0.95ABC | 458.50±36.83A |
| A2B2C2 | 11.33±3.46A | 285.24±23.83EFGHI |
| A2B2C3 | 7.71±1.50BCD | 240.78±7.72FGHIJ |
| A2B3C1 | 8.35±1.79ABC | 416.75±34.12ABCD |
| A2B3C2 | 6.80±0.91CDE | 232.06±49.68FGHIJK |
| A2B3C3 | 6.03±1.40CDEF | 217.43±41.71GHIJKL |
| A3B1C1 | 7.42±1.74BCD | 253.87±18.28FGHIJ |
| A3B1C2 | 5.98±1.03CDEG | 84.23±13.28LM |
| A3B1C3 | 2.81±0.23FGH | 71.81±22.99M |
| A3B2C1 | 6.12±0.68CDEF | 168.64±31.28IJKLM |
| A3B2C2 | 4.33±0.78DEFH | 103.03±27.95KLM |
| A3B2C3 | 4.20±0.72DEFH | 144.17±34.21JKLM |
| A3B3C1 | 7.48±0.56BCD | 394.32±36.79ABCD |
| A3B3C2 | 4.76±0.69DEFH | 119.27±17.61JKLM |
| A3B3C3 | 2.68±0.41FGH | 69.96±7.84M |
Sprouting situation when the pollen 48h of 3 different culture medium of table processing
| Processing | Germination rate (%) | Length (μm) |
| A1B1C1 | 5.01±0.26DEF | 370.36±43.77CDEF |
| A1B1C2 | 3.08±1.01F | 211.45±20.36GHIJK |
| A1B1C3 | 5.00±1.04DEF | 360.99±42.62CDEF |
| A1B2C1 | 9.77 ±1.25ABC | 610,268±34.86AB |
| A1B2C2 | 3.61±0.20EF | 333.61 ±39.34EFG |
| A1B2C3 | 3.09±0.70F | 286.55±43.66EFH |
| A1B3C1 | 5.12 ±1.43DEF | 549.94 ±55.32A |
| A1B3C2 | 3.45±0.83F | 330.50±32.09DEFG |
| A1B3C3 | 2.90±0.25F | 234.18 ±36.25GHIJ |
| A2B1C1 | 11.89±2.46A | 456.11 ±47.52ABC |
| A2B1C2 | 10.29±2.42AB | 313.72 ±34.44DEFG |
| A2B1C3 | 7.93±0.48ABCD | 251.23 ±38.46FGHI |
| A2B2C1 | 9.81±0.46ABC | 451.78 ±53.24ABC |
| A2B2C2 | 11.89±1.28A | 287.11 ±3.70EFGH |
| A2B2C3 | 8.49±1.20ABCD | 274.98 ±39.50EFGH |
| A2B3C1 | 9.76±1.49ABC | 426.07 ±59.24BCD |
| A2B3C2 | 5.51±1.77DEF | 268.85 ±25.42EFGH |
| A2B3C3 | 6.46±0.50BCDEF | 183.81 ±16.14HIJKL |
| A3B1C1 | 8.51±1.73ABCD | 275.29 ±27.47EFGH |
| A3B1C2 | 6.21±1.02BCDEF | 86.64 ±7.10L |
| A3B1C3 | 3.33±0.72F | 110.78 ±17.72KL |
| A3B2C1 | 7.85±0.89ABCD | 215.35 ±27.64GHIJK |
| A3B2C2 | 5.70±1.20CDEF | 106.67 ±9.77KL |
| A3B2C3 | 5.89±0.76CDEF | 148.53 ±31.01IJKL |
| A3B3C1 | 7.70±1.35BCDE | 388.85 ±24.79CDE |
| A3B3C2 | 5.25±0.58DEF | 121.20 ±16.06JKL |
| A3B3C3 | 4.37±0.85DEF | 90.15 ±22.57L |
Note: in table 1, table 2 and table 3, data are mean value ± standard error, and An indicates that potassium dihydrogen phosphate, A1 indicate that its concentration is
0g/L, A2 indicate that its concentration is 1g/L, and A3 indicates that its concentration is 3g/L；Bn indicates vitamin B1, B1 indicate its concentration be 0mg/
L, B2 indicate that its concentration is 20mg/L, and B3 indicates that its concentration is 25mg/L；Cn indicates auxin-gibberellin combination, and C1 indicates it
Concentration combination is 0mg/L-0mg/L, and C2 indicates that its concentration combination is 5mg/L-1mg/L, and C3 indicates that its concentration combination is 7.5mg/
L-3mg/L.It is examined using F, Duncan method examines Multiple range test P0.050.01 difference of < reaches extremely significant level, same word between processing
Matrix shows electrodeless significant difference.
It is claimed that table 1 to table 3 has been merely given as part and the present invention of the inventor in realization process of the present invention
The maximally related test data of range makes those skilled in the art that can repeat to realize this hair on the basis of the disclosure of invention
It is bright.Inventor is also provided in addition to the concentration of component that the present embodiment provides, and also tests other concentration.Realizing process of the present invention
In, inventor also test each compound listed by the present embodiment in addition to other compounds, including calcium chloride, urea etc.,
But (P is significantly inhibited to the sprouting of olive pollen0.050.01 difference of < reaches extremely significant level).
Different pollen are different for the most suitable range of hormone, nutriment, and inventor is to potassium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin B1、
The selection of auxin, gibberellin have passed through a large amount of exploratory experiments and carry out screening verification.Test result shows: sucrose, boric acid, phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium, vitamin B1, auxin, gibberellin be the important nutrient for promoting olive pollen germination, can significantly improve
The substance of olive pollen germination rate has boric acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin B1, olive pollen tube growth can be significantly improved
Substance has sucrose, vitamin B1；And the sprouting and pollen tube of auxin and gibberellin as hormone regulator to olive pollen
Elongation have slight facilitation.
(6) artificial pollination opportunity and number: pollination opportunity is determined in conjunction with Phenological Observation --- when tree body has 40% ~ 50% flower
Should carry out first time artificial pollination when open, when tree body 80% ~ 90% the flowers are in blossom put when carry out second and pollinate, pollination time twice
Interval difference is no more than 72h, preferably more than 48h.
The composition for the promotion olive pollen germination that inventor filters out, experiments verify that: the pollen 48h of olive sprouts
Hair rate is up to 10% or more, and for pollen tube length up to 458 μm, germination rate and the germination of pollen tube for substantially increasing olive pollen are long
Degree.With this Medium Proportion manufacturing artificial pollination mixed-culture medium, olive artificial pollination is carried out in spraying mode, can be promoted
Obviously into the germination of pollen in artificial pollination, to improve pollination success rate, Olive Fruit rate finally can be improved.
Can olive pollen germination rate and germination of pollen tube length be the essential condition for determining complete fertilization process, pollination
When pollen can with start to sprout after the affine contact of pistil stigma, pollen tube constantly extend into blastular merged with embryo of silkworms completion by
Essence.The present embodiment by demonstrating potassium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin B under experimental conditions1, auxin, gibberellin to olive flower
The effect that powder is sprouted provides experimental basis for the nutritive solution proportion of olive artificial water fog pollination.With oil of the invention
Olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor carries out artificial water fog pollination, improves the germination rate of olive pollen in artificial pollination and promotes pollen
The sprouting of pipe, and then improve the success rate of artificial pollination.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
Limitation of the invention, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..For the art
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these change
It also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention into retouching.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor, which is characterized in that including nutrient solution, which is that addition is following in water
Component and its content:
Sucrose: 12%~13%wt；
Boric acid: 50mg/L~60mg/L；
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.8g/L~1.2g/L；
The pH of nutrient solution is 6~6.5；
Olive pollen is added in the nutrient solution, the additive amount of pollen is 0.2g/L~0.5g/L；The olive pollen
The nutrient mixing liquid holding time is no more than 4h.
2. olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nutrient solution is to add in water
Add following components and its content:
Sucrose: 12%wt；
Boric acid: 50mg/L；
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 1g/L；
The pH of nutrient solution is 6~6.5.
3. olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nutrient solution further includes with the following group
Point and its content:
Component one: vitamin B1: 20mg/L~25mg/L；
Or/and
Component two: auxin: 4.5mg/L~5.5mg/L；
Gibberellin: 0.8mg/L~1.2mg/L.
4. olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the nutrient solution each component and its
Content are as follows:
Component one: vitamin B1: 20mg/L；
Or/and
Component two: auxin: 5mg/L；
Gibberellin: 1mg/L.
5. olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the olive pollens nutrition mixing
Liquid is prepared by following steps:
1) it uses pure tap water as solvent, first sequentially adds sucrose, boric acid, add remaining component, stir；
It 2) is 6~6.5 with sodium hydroxide or salt acid for adjusting pH value；
3) cryogenically treated and 1h~the 2h that rises again at room temperature olive pollen is added, is sufficiently stirred and is uniformly mixed
In the solution, the low-temperature treatment is cryo-conservation, uses save at 4 DEG C~-20 DEG C for the year, and next year use is saved at -20 DEG C.
6. a kind of carry out artificial pollination method using olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor described in 1-5 any claim, it is suitable for
Olive, which is characterized in that olive pollens nutrition mixed liquor is sprayed to open olive and is taken；By Phenological Observation,
Carry out first time artificial pollination when tree body has 40~50% the flowers are in blossom and puts, when tree body 80%~90% the flowers are in blossom put when carry out second
Pollination, pollination time interval is no more than 72h twice.
7. method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include the acquisition and preservation step of pollen: being opened in olive
Hua Qian gives inflorescence bagging with sulfuric acid paper bag, and full-bloom stage collects the pollen to shed and removes sundries；Or acquisition is compared with prematurity, flower
The biggish branch of blooming of density places 12h in 30 DEG C of drying box, is laid with the template for collecting pollen below drying box, receives
Collection pollen simultaneously cleans；Pollen is placed in closed, half-light, cryo-conservation in vial, uses saved at 4 DEG C~-20 DEG C for the year, it is secondary
Year use is saved at -20 DEG C.
8. method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the pollen that cryo-conservation is crossed using the preceding 1h that rises again at room temperature~
2h。
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Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| Improving in vitro pollen germination of five species of fruit trees;Ahmad F. Ateyyeh;《Agricultural Science》;20050131;第32卷(第2期);第190页右栏第5行、第9-16行，第193页表5 |
| 人工辅助授粉对猕猴桃晚熟品种金魁产量的影响试验初报;蒋超;《经济林研究》;20011231;第19卷(第4期);第24页第4-6行，倒数第7-8行 |
| 矿质营养和植物生长调节剂对金柑花粉生活力的影响;吕均良等;《浙江农业大学学报》;19951231;第21卷(第2期);第160页左栏第14-18行、第21-23行，第162页左栏第24-30行 |
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