CN105048800A - Double-disturbance MPPT control method of photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents
Double-disturbance MPPT control method of photovoltaic power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105048800A CN105048800A CN201510393529.9A CN201510393529A CN105048800A CN 105048800 A CN105048800 A CN 105048800A CN 201510393529 A CN201510393529 A CN 201510393529A CN 105048800 A CN105048800 A CN 105048800A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-disturbance MPPT control method of a photovoltaic power generation system. A switch capacitor converter is employed as a control circuit of MPPT, and is composed of two switch capacitor units SC1 and SC2 and a direct current filter. A double-disturbance P&O algorithm is provided on this basis, the SC1 and the SC2 employ a variable step size algorithm, different speed factors are selected, a bidirectional complementation control mode is formed, namely, only reverse disturbance can be carried out after one enters a dead zone, forward disturbance is completed by the other one. Through the control mode, the disturbance convergence speed is raised, the dead zone problem is solved, starting can be carried out rapidly and stably, misjudgement is reduced, the oscillation phenomenon of a system output power in the maximum power point can be reduced effectively, and energy loss of a photovoltaic module is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grid-connected photovoltaic system field, utilize Switching capacitors to realize the control of MPPT, make luminous energy be converted into electric energy with maximal efficiency and export.
Technical background
Nowadays, along with the high speed development of distributed generation system, modern photo-voltaic power supply grid-connected system starts towards low magnetization and miniaturized future development, it is little that Switching capacitors has volume, lightweight, the advantages such as low magnetization, there is larger application prospect in photovoltaic generating system, so concerning photovoltaic generating system, MPPT maximum power point tracking (MaximumPowerPointTracking, MPPT) be absolutely necessary again, therefore how the important directions that MPPT tracing control is photovoltaic research is carried out to photovoltaic array when photovoltaic array exports side joint low magnetic switch capacitive transducer.
In photovoltaic MPPT algorithm, traditional disturbance observation generally can be divided into fixed step algorithm and Variable Step Algorithm, and fixed step algorithm is difficult to speed of taking into account and precision; Variable Step Algorithm is difficult to again take into account convergence rate and dead-time problem.And algorithm itself is based upon on the basis of single switch output duty cycle, be just difficult to independently return once enter dead band, MPPT may be caused to follow the tracks of unsuccessfully.Therefore need to propose a kind of complementary algorithm in different convergence region to take into account the speed of tracking, precision and stability.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that prior art exists, the object of the present invention is to provide the two disturbance MPPT control method based on Switching capacitors.
For realizing above-mentioned goal of the invention, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
The Switching capacitors of indication of the present invention is made up of switching capacity cell S C1 and SC2 and DC filter, SC1 and SC2 has independently MPPT controller, and for convenience of description, what the duty ratio of prescribed switch capacitor cell SC1 and SC2 referred to is exactly corresponding switch S
a1, S
a2duty ratio D
1and D
2.Under the condition that switching frequency is constant, along with S
a1, S
a2the increase output voltage monotonic increase of duty ratio, by regulating duty ratio D
1and D
2dC chopped-wave voltage can be controlled, thus realize MPPT maximum power point tracking control.
Two disturbance MPPT control method for photovoltaic generating system, described two disturbance MPPT control method comprise the following steps:
Step 1: utilize two-way complementary control mode to control, because Switching capacitors is non-complementary structural, considers actual situation, the duty ratio D of switching capacity cell S C1 and SC2
1and D
2when belonging to interval [0, b], system belongs to normal operating conditions, if when exceeding this interval, then belong to overflow status, wherein b is slightly less than 1, wherein i=1, and 2.If the duty ratio D of switching capacity cell S C1
1meet one of following condition with Δ P Δ V, then this switching capacity unit stops disturbance, and the disturbance task of its current period is completed by switching capacity cell S C2 in next cycle:
1. D
1> b and Δ P Δ V < 0
2. D
1< 0 and Δ P Δ V > 0
If the duty ratio D of switching capacity cell S C2
2meet following condition for the moment with Δ P Δ V, then this switching capacity unit stops disturbance, and the disturbance task of its current period is completed by SC1 switching capacity unit in next cycle:
3. D
2> b and Δ P △ V < 0
4. D
2< 0 and Δ P △ V > 0
Because SC1 and SC2 design is in different convergence regions, applies while two-way complementary control mode can ensure convergence rate and reduce dead band, improve the stability of MPPT maximum power point tracking.
Step 2: utilize variable step disturbance observation to control in conjunction with two-way complementary control mode, switching capacity cell S C1 and SC2 velocity factor are respectively N
1and N
2, disturbance step-length is respectively N
1× | Δ P/ △ V| and N
2× | Δ P/ △ V|, the total disturbance step-length of system is (N
1+ N
2) × | Δ P/ △ V|, at this setting Δ D
1maxwith Δ D
2maxcorresponding SC1 and SC2 maximum duty cycle adjustment amount in Variable Step Algorithm respectively.In order to ensure the convergence of iteration, variable step perturbation motion method should follow following formula:
N
1×|dP/dU|
max＜ΔD
1max(1)
N
2×|dP/dU|
max＜ΔD
2max(2)
In formula | dP/dU|
maxneed the property calculation according to photovoltaic array, owing to working as maximum step delta D
maxduring < 1.25, algorithm by with the error convergence being tending towards 0 in MPP, i.e. Δ D
1max+ Δ D
2max< 1.25, chooses suitable Δ D according to the requirement of the stability of a system
1maxavoid SC1 to enter dead band, choose suitable Δ D according to the requirement of system rapidity
2maxensure convergence rate, owing to being two-way complementary control mode, the SC2 easily entering dead band can being made simultaneously independently to return and depart from dead band.By the combination of two-way complementary control mode and variable step disturbance observation, while raising step-length convergence rate, dead-time problem can be avoided as far as possible again.Because the convergence region under the friction speed factor is different, make control system with strong complementarity, reduce the possibility in dead band further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is photovoltaic power generation system structure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the algorithm flow chart of switching capacity cell S C1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the algorithm flow chart of switching capacity cell S C2 of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further illustrated.
Fig. 1 is photovoltaic power generation system structure figure, primarily of photovoltaic cell, and the Switching capacitors of SC1 and SC2 composition, DC filter and inverter composition.In control circuit, the voltage and current signal of collection is through A/D conversion access MPPT controller, and it applies two disturbance P & O algorithm, output duty cycle D
1and D
2, by pulse-width modulation (PWM) generator, control corresponding switching manipulation.
Described Switching capacitors can be divided into four operating states: 1. mode one, switch S
b1and S
b2conducting, S
a1and S
a2turn off, V
pVto C
1, C
2charging, simultaneously to load discharge, now voltage V
0=V
pV.2. mode two, switch S
b2and S
a1conducting, S
b1and S
a2turn off, V
pVto C
2charging, connect C simultaneously
1together to load discharge, now voltage V
0=2V
pV.3. mode three, switch S
b1and S
a2conducting, S
b2and S
a1turn off, V
pVto C
1charging, connect C simultaneously
2together to load discharge, now voltage V
0=2V
pV.4. mode four, switch S
a1and S
a2conducting, S
b1and S
b2turn off, V
pVseries connection C
1and C
2together to load discharge, now voltage V
0=3V
pV.
In one-period Switching capacitors mode 1. ~ 4. between switch, by regulating the time length between each mode can control direct current system output voltage, thus realize the function of DC chopped-wave.When switching frequency is constant, along with S
a1, S
a2the increase output voltage monotonic increase of duty ratio, for convenience of description, what the duty ratio of prescribed switch capacitor cell SC1 and SC2 referred to is exactly corresponding switch S
a1, S
a2duty ratio D
1and D
2.
Described Switching capacitors is non-complementary structural, and the duty ratio of itself SC1 and SC2 is more tending towards 1, and corresponding capacitance voltage ripple is larger, considers actual situation, should make duty ratio D
iwhen (i=1,2) belong to interval [0, b], system belongs to normal operating conditions, if when exceeding this interval, then belong to overflow status, work as D
ibe that forward overflows during > b, work as D
ibe oppositely overflow during < 0, wherein b is slightly less than 1.If variable S
1and S
2be respectively the disturbance error flag of SC1 and SC2, be initialized as 0, if D
i> b and Δ P Δ V < 0 S
i=-1; If D
i< 0 and Δ P △ V > 0 S
i=1.
Fig. 2 is the algorithm flow chart of SC1, works as D
1> b and Δ P Δ V < 0 time, SC1 forward overflow and perturbation direction is invalid, now disturbance stop, making S
1=-1, in the next starting stage in cycle, the algorithmic controller of SC2 performs " V
k+ S
1n
2| Δ P/ Δ V|, S
1=0 ", that is the disturbance task of SC1 is completed by SC2 within the next cycle; Work as D
1< 0 and Δ P Δ V > 0 time, SC1 oppositely overflows and perturbation direction is invalid, now disturbance stop, making S
1=1, in the next starting stage in cycle, the algorithmic controller of SC2 can perform " V
k+ S
1n
2| Δ P/ Δ V|, S
1=0 ", that is the disturbance task of SC1 is completed by SC2 within the next cycle.
Fig. 3 is the algorithm flow chart of SC2, works as D
2> b and Δ P Δ V < 0 time, SC2 forward overflow and perturbation direction is invalid, now disturbance stop, making S
2=-1, in the next starting stage in cycle, the algorithmic controller of SC1 performs " V
k+ S
2n
1| Δ P/ △ V|, S
2=0 ", that is the disturbance task of SC2 is completed by SC1 within the next cycle; Work as D
2< 0 and Δ P Δ V > 0 time, SC2 oppositely overflows and perturbation direction is invalid, now disturbance stop, making S
2=1, in the next starting stage in cycle, the algorithmic controller of SC1 performs " V
k+ S
2n
1| Δ P/ Δ V|, S
1=0 ", that is the disturbance task of SC2 is completed by SC1 within the next cycle.
Described SC1 and SC2 all adopts Variable Step Algorithm, and velocity factor is respectively N
1and N
2, disturbance step-length is respectively N
1× | Δ P/ △ V| and N
2× | Δ P/ △ V|, the total disturbance step-length of system is (N
1+ N
2) × | Δ P/ △ V|, at this setting Δ D
1maxwith Δ D
2maxcorresponding SC1 and SC2 maximum duty cycle adjustment amount in Variable Step Algorithm respectively.In order to ensure the convergence of iteration, variable step perturbation motion method should follow following formula:
N
1×|dP/dU|
max＜ΔD
1max(1)
N
2×|dP/dU|
max＜ΔD
2max(2)
In formula | dP/dU|
maxneed the property calculation according to photovoltaic array, owing to working as maximum step delta D
maxduring < 1.25, algorithm by with the error convergence being tending towards 0 in MPP, i.e. Δ D
1max+ Δ D
2max< 1.25, chooses suitable Δ D according to the requirement of the stability of a system
1maxavoid SC1 to enter dead band, choose suitable Δ D according to the requirement of system rapidity
2maxensure convergence rate, owing to being two-way complementary control mode, the SC2 easily entering dead band can being made simultaneously independently to return and depart from dead band.By the combination of two-way complementary control mode and variable step disturbance observation, while raising step-length convergence rate, dead-time problem can be avoided as far as possible again.Because the convergence region under the friction speed factor is different, make control system with strong complementarity, reduce the possibility in dead band further.
Claims (1)
1. two disturbance MPPT control method for photovoltaic generating system, is characterized in that: described two disturbance MPPT control method comprise the following steps:
Step 1: utilize two-way complementary control mode to control, the switch S in switching capacity cell S C1
a1duty ratio be D
1, the switch S in switching capacity cell S C2
a2duty ratio be D
2, the duty ratio D respectively of regulation SC1 and SC2
1and D
2, setting constant b is slightly less than 1, if the duty ratio D of switching capacity cell S C1
1meet one of following condition with Δ P. Δ V, then this switching capacity unit stops disturbance, and the disturbance task of its current period is completed by switching capacity cell S C2 in next cycle:
1. D
1> b and Δ P. Δ V < 0
2. D
1< 0 and Δ P. Δ V > 0
If the duty ratio D of switching capacity cell S C2
2meet following condition for the moment with Δ P. Δ V, then this switching capacity unit stops disturbance, and the disturbance task of its current period is completed by SC1 switching capacity unit in next cycle:
3. D
2> b and Δ P. Δ V < 0
4. D
2< 0 and Δ P. Δ V > 0
Step 2: utilize variable step disturbance observation to control in conjunction with two-way complementary control mode, switching capacity cell S C1 and SC2 velocity factor are respectively N
1and N
2, disturbance step-length is respectively N
1× | Δ P/ Δ V| and N
2× | Δ P/ Δ V|, the total disturbance step-length of system is (N
1+ N
2) × | Δ P/ Δ V|, at this setting Δ D
1maxwith Δ D
2maxcorresponding SC1 and SC2 maximum duty cycle adjustment amount in Variable Step Algorithm respectively.Variable step perturbation motion method follows following formula:
N
1×|dP/dU|
max＜ΔD
1max(1)
N
2×|dP/dU|
max＜ΔD
2max(2)
If Δ D
1max+ Δ D
2max< 1.25, then algorithm by with the error convergence being tending towards 0 in MPP, choose suitable Δ D according to the requirement of the stability of a system
1maxavoid SC1 to enter dead band, choose suitable Δ D according to the requirement of system rapidity
2maxensure convergence rate.Two-way complementary control mode can make the SC2 easily entering dead band independently return to disengaging dead band.
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Cited By (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106126956A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-16 | 广东工业大学 | The catching method of Wave energy generating system maximum active power of output and device |
| CN106125816A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽省安泰科技股份有限公司 | MPPT Hysteresis control algorithm based on the prediction of modified model FIR filter |
| CN112332661A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-05 | 东南大学 | Double-disturbance MPPT method of wave power generation system |
| CN112421946A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2021-02-26 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Hysteretic control of boost converter |
| CN113311901A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-27 | 中山大学 | Tracking method and system for maximum power point of photovoltaic power generation and storage medium |
| CN113629994A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-11-09 | 湘潭大学 | Bidirectional multilevel converter topological structure for controlling battery energy storage system |
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Cited By (8)
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| CN106126956A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-16 | 广东工业大学 | The catching method of Wave energy generating system maximum active power of output and device |
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| CN106125816A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽省安泰科技股份有限公司 | MPPT Hysteresis control algorithm based on the prediction of modified model FIR filter |
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| CN112332661A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-05 | 东南大学 | Double-disturbance MPPT method of wave power generation system |
| CN113311901A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-27 | 中山大学 | Tracking method and system for maximum power point of photovoltaic power generation and storage medium |
| CN113311901B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-06-10 | 中山大学 | Tracking method and system for maximum power point of photovoltaic power generation and storage medium |
| CN113629994A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-11-09 | 湘潭大学 | Bidirectional multilevel converter topological structure for controlling battery energy storage system |
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