CN105048800B - A kind of double disturbance MPPT control methods of photovoltaic generating system - Google Patents

A kind of double disturbance MPPT control methods of photovoltaic generating system Download PDF

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CN105048800B
CN105048800B CN201510393529.9A CN201510393529A CN105048800B CN 105048800 B CN105048800 B CN 105048800B CN 201510393529 A CN201510393529 A CN 201510393529A CN 105048800 B CN105048800 B CN 105048800B
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disturbance
switching capacity
capacity cell
dutycycle
switching
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CN105048800A (en
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付青
耿炫
单英浩
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National Sun Yat Sen University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of double disturbance MPPT control methods of new low magneto-optic photovoltaic generating system, wherein control circuit of the Switching capacitors as MPPT, it is made up of two switching capacity cell S C1 and SC2 with DC filter, a kind of double disturbance P＆O algorithms are proposed on this basis, SC1 and SC2 uses Variable Step Algorithm, choose different velocity factors, form two-way complementary control mode, i.e. one of them then can only reversely be disturbed after entering dead band, its forward direction disturbance is by another completion, this control mode not only improves disturbance convergence rate but also solves dead-time problem, it can start with fast and stable and reduce erroneous judgement, effectively reduce oscillatory occurences of the system output power at maximum power point, reduce the energy loss of photovoltaic module.

Description

A kind of double disturbance MPPT control methods of photovoltaic generating system
Technical field
The present invention relates to grid-connected photovoltaic system field, and MPPT control is realized using Switching capacitors, makes light Electric energy output can be converted into maximal efficiency.
Technical background
Nowadays, as the high speed development of distributed generation system, modern photo-voltaic power supply grid-connected system start towards low magnetization Develop with the direction of miniaturization, Switching capacitors have small volume, in light weight, the advantages that low magnetization, in photovoltaic generation system There is larger application prospect in system, then for photovoltaic generating system, MPPT maximum power point tracking (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT) it is essential again, therefore photovoltaic array exports the feelings of the low magnetic switch capacitive transducer of side joint How the important directions that MPPT tracing controls are photovoltaic research are carried out to photovoltaic array under condition.
In photovoltaic MPPT algorithm, traditional perturbation observation method generally can be divided into fixed step algorithm and Variable Step Algorithm, fixed Step length algorithm is difficult to take into account speed and precision；Variable Step Algorithm is difficult to take into account convergence rate and dead-time problem again.And algorithm sheet Body is built upon on the basis of single switch output duty cycle, once being just difficult independently to return into dead band, may result in MPPT tracking failures.Therefore need to propose it is a kind of in the complementary algorithm of different convergence regions to take into account the speed of tracking, precision And stability.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide double disturbances based on Switching capacitors MPPT control method.
To realize above-mentioned goal of the invention, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
Signified Switching capacitors of the invention are made up of switching capacity cell S C1 and SC2 and DC filter, SC1 and SC2 has independent MPPT controller, for convenience of description, it is specified that switching capacity cell S C1 and SC2 dutycycle refer to just It is to inductive switch Sa1, Sa2Dutycycle D1And D2.Under conditions of switching frequency is constant, with Sa1, Sa2Dutycycle increase Output voltage monotonic increase, by adjusting dutycycle D1And D2DC chopped-wave voltage can be controlled, so as to realize maximum power point with Track controls.
A kind of double disturbance MPPT control methods of photovoltaic generating system, described double disturbance MPPT control methods include following Step：
Step 1：It is controlled using two-way complementary control mode, because Switching capacitors are non-complementary structurals, In view of the situation of reality, switching capacity cell S C1 and SC2 dutycycle D1And D2When belonging to section [0, b], system belongs to just Normal working condition, if exceed this section, belonging to overflow status, wherein b is slightly less than 1, wherein i=1, and 2.If switching capacity Cell S C1 dutycycle D1Meet one of following condition with Δ P Δs V, then the switching capacity unit stops disturbance, its current week The disturbance task of phase is completed in next cycle by switching capacity cell S C2：
①D1＞ b and Δ P Δ V ＜ 0
②D1＜ 0 and Δ P Δ V ＞ 0
If switching capacity cell S C2 dutycycle D2Meet following condition for the moment with Δ P Δs V, then the switching capacity Unit stops disturbance, and the disturbance task of its current period is completed in next cycle by SC1 switching capacities unit：
③D2＞ b and Δ P △ V ＜ 0
④D2＜ 0 and Δ P △ V ＞ 0
Because SC1 and SC2 is designed in different convergence regions, convergence rate can be ensured using two-way complementary control mode While reduce dead band, improve the stability of MPPT maximum power point tracking.
Step 2：It is controlled using variable step perturbation observation method with reference to two-way complementary control mode, switching capacity unit SC1 and SC2 velocity factors are respectively N1And N2, disturbance step-length is respectively N1× | Δ P/ Δs V | and N2× | Δ P/ Δs V |, system is total Disturbance step-length be (N1+N2) × | Δ P/ Δs V |, Δ D is set herein1maxWith Δ D2maxSC1 and SC2 are corresponded to respectively in variable step Maximum duty cycle adjustment amount in algorithm.In order to ensure the convergence of iteration, variable step perturbation motion method should follow following formula：
N1×|dP/dU|max＜ Δs D1max (1)
N2×|dP/dU|max＜ Δs D2max (2)
In formula | dP/dU |maxThe property calculation according to photovoltaic array is needed, due to as maximum step-length Δ DmaxDuring ＜ 1.25, Algorithm is by tend to 0 error convergence in MPP, i.e. Δ D1max+ΔD2max＜ 1.25, chosen and closed according to the requirement of the stability of a system Suitable Δ D1maxAvoid SC1 from entering dead band, suitable Δ D is chosen according to the requirement of system rapidity2maxEnsure convergence rate, by Then two-way complementary control mode, while the SC2 for being easily accessible dead band can be made independently to return and depart from dead band.Pass through two-way complementation The combination of control mode and variable step perturbation observation method, and can avoids dead band from asking as far as possible while step-length convergence rate is improved Topic.Because the convergence region under the friction speed factor is different so that control system is with strong complementarity, further reduces the possibility in dead band Property.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the photovoltaic power generation system structure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the switching capacity cell S C1 of present invention algorithm flow chart.
Fig. 3 is the switching capacity cell S C2 of present invention algorithm flow chart.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is photovoltaic power generation system structure figure, the Switching capacitors being mainly made up of photovoltaic cell, SC1 and SC2, DC filter and inverter composition.In control circuit, the voltage and current signal of collection is by A/D conversion access MPPT controls Device processed, the double disturbance P＆O algorithms of its application, output duty cycle D1And D2, by pulsewidth modulation (PWM) generator, control is opened accordingly Close operation.
Described Switching capacitors can be divided into four working conditions：1. mode one, switch Sb1And Sb2Conducting, Sa1With Sa2Shut-off, VPVTo C1, C2Charging, while to load discharge, now voltage V0=VPV.2. mode two, switch Sb2And Sa1Conducting, Sb1And Sa2Shut-off, VPVTo C2Charging, while the C that connects1Together to load discharge, now voltage V0=2VPV.3. mode three, switch Sb1And Sa2Conducting, Sb2And Sa1Shut-off, VPVTo C1Charging, while the C that connects2Together to load discharge, now voltage V0=2VPV。④ Mode four, switch Sa1And Sa2Conducting, Sb1And Sb2Shut-off, VPVConnect C1And C2Together to load discharge, now voltage V0=3VPV。
In a cycle Switching capacitors mode 1.~4. between switch over, by adjust each mode it Between time length can control straight-flow system output voltage, so as to realize the function of DC chopped-wave.When switching frequency is constant, with Sa1, Sa2Dutycycle increase output voltage monotonic increase, for convenience of description, it is specified that switching capacity cell S C1 and SC2 What dutycycle referred to is exactly to inductive switch Sa1, Sa2Dutycycle D1And D2。
Described Switching capacitors are non-complementary structurals, and its SC1 and SC2 dutycycle more tend to 1, corresponding electricity It is bigger to hold voltage ripple, it is contemplated that actual situation, it should make dutycycle DiWhen (i=1,2) belongs to section [0, b], system Belong to normal operating conditions, if exceed this section, belong to overflow status, work as DiOverflowed during ＞ b to be positive, work as DiDuring ＜ 0 Reversely to overflow, wherein b is slightly less than 1.If variable S1And S2Respectively SC1 and SC2 disturbance error flag, is initialized as 0, if Di＞ b and Δ P Δ V ＜ 0 then Si=-1；If Di＜ 0 and Δ P Δ V ＞ 0 then Si=1.
Fig. 2 is SC1 algorithm flow chart, works as D1＞ b and during Δ P Δ V ＜ 0, SC1 be positive overflow and perturbation direction without Effect, makes S1=-1, in the next starting stage in cycle, " V is performed on SC2 algorithmic controllerk+S1N2| Δ P/ Δs V |, S1=0 ", That is SC1 disturbance task is completed within the next cycle by SC2；Work as D1＜ 0 and during Δ P Δ V ＞ 0, SC1 reversely overflows And perturbation direction is invalid, now disturbance stops, and makes S1=1, in the next starting stage in cycle, can be held on SC2 algorithmic controller Row " Vk+S1N2| Δ P/ Δs V |, S1=0 ", that is to say, that SC1 disturbance task is completed within the next cycle by SC2.
Fig. 3 is SC2 algorithm flow chart, works as D2＞ b and during Δ P Δ V ＜ 0, SC2 be positive overflow and perturbation direction without Effect, now disturbance stop, and make S2=-1, in the next starting stage in cycle, " V is performed on SC1 algorithmic controllerk+S2N1|Δ P/ △ V |, S2=0 ", that is to say, that SC2 disturbance task is completed within the next cycle by SC1；Work as D2＜ 0 and Δ P Δ V ＞ 0 When, SC2 reversely overflows and perturbation direction is invalid, and now disturbance stops, and makes S2=1, in the next starting stage in cycle, SC1's " V is performed on algorithmic controllerk+S2N1| Δ P/ Δs V |, S1=0 ", that is to say, that SC2 disturbance task within the next cycle by SC1 is completed.
Described SC1 and SC2 uses Variable Step Algorithm, and velocity factor is respectively N1And N2, disturbance step-length is respectively N1× | Δ P/ △ V | and N2× | Δ P/ △ V |, the total disturbance step-length of system is (N1+N2) × | Δ P/ △ V |, Δ D is set herein1maxWith ΔD2maxSC1 and SC2 the maximum duty cycle adjustment amount in Variable Step Algorithm are corresponded to respectively.In order to ensure the convergence of iteration, become Step-length perturbation motion method should follow following formula：
N1×|dP/dU|max＜ Δs D1max (1)
N2×|dP/dU|max＜ Δs D2max (2)
In formula | dP/dU |maxThe property calculation according to photovoltaic array is needed, due to as maximum step-length Δ DmaxDuring ＜ 1.25, Algorithm is by tend to 0 error convergence in MPP, i.e. Δ D1max+ΔD2max＜ 1.25, chosen and closed according to the requirement of the stability of a system Suitable Δ D1maxAvoid SC1 from entering dead band, suitable Δ D is chosen according to the requirement of system rapidity2maxEnsure convergence rate, by Then two-way complementary control mode, while the SC2 for being easily accessible dead band can be made independently to return and depart from dead band.Pass through two-way complementation The combination of control mode and variable step perturbation observation method, and can avoids dead band from asking as far as possible while step-length convergence rate is improved Topic.Because the convergence region under the friction speed factor is different so that control system is with strong complementarity, further reduces the possibility in dead band Property.

Claims (1)

  1. A kind of 1. double disturbance MPPT control methods of photovoltaic generating system, it is characterised in that：Described double disturbance MPPT controlling parties Method comprises the following steps：
    Step 1：It is controlled using two-way complementary control mode, the switch S in switching capacity cell S C1a1Dutycycle be D1, Switch S in switching capacity cell S C2a2Dutycycle be D2；Regulation SC1 and SC2 dutycycle are respectively D1And D2, Mei Gekai It is respectively Δ V and Δ P to close the input voltage variable quantity of Switching capacitors and input power variable quantity in the cycle；Set constant B is slightly less than 1, if switching capacity cell S C1 dutycycle D1Meet one of following condition with Δ P Δs V, then the switching capacity list Member stops disturbance, and the disturbance task of its current period is completed in next cycle by switching capacity cell S C2：
    ①D1＞ b and Δ P Δ V ＜ 0
    ②D1＜ 0 and Δ P Δ V ＞ 0
    If switching capacity cell S C2 dutycycle D2Meet following condition for the moment with Δ P Δs V, then the switching capacity unit stops Only disturb, the disturbance task of its current period is completed in next cycle by SC1 switching capacities unit：
    ③D2＞ b and Δ P Δ V ＜ 0
    ④D2＜ 0 and Δ P Δ V ＞ 0
    Step 2：Be controlled using variable step perturbation observation method with reference to two-way complementary control mode, switching capacity cell S C1 and SC2 velocity factors are respectively N1And N2, disturbance step-length is respectively N1× | Δ P/ Δs V | and N2× | Δ P/ Δs V |, system is total to disturb Dynamic step-length is (N1+N2) × | Δ P/ Δs V |, Δ D is set herein1maxWith Δ D2maxSC1 and SC2 are corresponded to respectively in Variable Step Algorithm Middle maximum duty cycle adjustment amount, variable step perturbation motion method follow following formula：
    N1×|ΔP/ΔV|max＜ Δs D1max (1)
    N2×|ΔP/ΔV|max＜ Δs D2max (2)
    If Δ D1max+ΔD2max＜ 1.25, then algorithm is by tend to 0 error convergence in MPP, according to the requirement of the stability of a system Choose suitable Δ D1maxAvoid SC1 from entering dead band, suitable Δ D is chosen according to the requirement of system rapidity2maxEnsure convergence speed Degree, two-way complementary control mode can be such that the SC2 for being easily accessible dead band independently returns and depart from dead band.
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CN106126956B (en) * 2016-07-01 2019-05-07 广东工业大学 The catching method and device of Wave energy generating system maximum output active power
CN106125816A (en) * 2016-08-04 2016-11-16 安徽省安泰科技股份有限公司 MPPT Hysteresis control algorithm based on the prediction of modified model FIR filter
US11462999B2 (en) * 2019-08-20 2022-10-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hysteretic control of a boost converter
CN112332661A (en) * 2020-10-26 2021-02-05 东南大学 Double-disturbance MPPT method of wave power generation system
CN113311901B (en) * 2021-05-20 2022-06-10 中山大学 Tracking method and system for maximum power point of photovoltaic power generation and storage medium
CN113629994B (en) * 2021-09-23 2023-06-23 湘潭大学 Bidirectional multilevel converter topological structure for controlling battery energy storage system

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