CN105047759A - Method for reducing surface chromatic aberration of film silicon assembly - Google Patents

Method for reducing surface chromatic aberration of film silicon assembly Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN105047759A
CN105047759A CN201510512884.3A CN201510512884A CN105047759A CN 105047759 A CN105047759 A CN 105047759A CN 201510512884 A CN201510512884 A CN 201510512884A CN 105047759 A CN105047759 A CN 105047759A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
thin film
front electrode
chromatic aberration
assembly surface
tco
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201510512884.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李沅民
沈章大
彭长涛
何颜玲
潘靖
许永元
赵沙桐
郭勇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
APOLLO PRECISION (FUJIAN) Ltd
Original Assignee
APOLLO PRECISION (FUJIAN) Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by APOLLO PRECISION (FUJIAN) Ltd filed Critical APOLLO PRECISION (FUJIAN) Ltd
Priority to CN201510512884.3A priority Critical patent/CN105047759A/en
Publication of CN105047759A publication Critical patent/CN105047759A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1884Manufacture of transparent electrodes, e.g. TCO, ITO
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0224Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1876Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10Photovoltaic [PV]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for reducing the surface chromatic aberration of a film silicon assembly, and belongs to the application field of the semiconductor film technology and building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). The method achieves a purpose of charging the surface chromatic aberration of the film silicon assembly mainly through the processing of a front electrode, wherein the coating of a front electrode comprises the following steps: a, depositing a metal film, wherein the thickness of the metal film is greater than 0 nm and not greater than 10 nm; B, depositing a TCO film on the metal layer again through employing the technology of PVD, wherein the thickness of the TCO film is greater than 0 nm and not greater than 60 nm. Through the processing of the front electrode of a battery assembly, the method can improve the surface chromatic aberration remarkably, and the surface mean reflectivity of the surface of a processed sample is reduced. Moreover, the amplitude of interference fringes in a reflectivity spectrum is reduced, wherein the proportion is greatly improved when delta E is less than two, and can be greater than 80%. The method remarkably reduces the chromatic aberration, enables the chromatic aberration among sheets not to be apparent, and can be used for BIPV in a large-scale manner.

Description

A kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration, belong to SEMICONDUCTING THIN FILM TECHNOLOGY and BIPV (BIPV) application.
Background technology
Thin film silicon solar cell assembly can be used as architecture-integral photovoltaic (BIPV) product.In BIPV application, the color homogeneity (aberration) of assembly is a very important performance parameter.The uniformity of color understands the attractive in appearance of appreciable impact building, reduces assembly surface aberration and photovoltaic products can be made better to be attached in building.
The color effects that vision produces depends on the stimulation degree that the light that body surface reflects produces kind of the pyramidal cells of three in human eye.The stimulation respective function that the light of three kinds of pyramidal cells to different wave length λ produces is respectively R (λ), G (λ), B (λ).When the body surface reflectance spectrum that human eye receives is S (λ), this object the color cashing out be (R, G, B)
When regulating the spectrum of surface reflection, the color relation that object shows can change.
At same assembly surface, due to process technology limit, the thickness of rete itself has certain inhomogeneities.The thicknesses of layers that can go out with this position from the spectrum S (λ) of diverse location reflection changes and changes, and apparent color is changed, cashes as aberration.
Color showing method general is in the world in accordance with CIELAB system, and it is a uniform color space, and often kind of color is expressed as (L*, a *, b *), wherein L* display is the intensity of light, a *represent red/green degree, b *represent yellow/blue degree.(L*, a *, b *) obtained by linear transformation by (R, G, B) value.For being consistent with general international standard, color measuring hereinafter used and aberration characterize and all use CIELAB method.
General Δ E passes judgment on look extent, and Δ E represents aberration comprehensive deviation amount, and numerical value equals L, a *, b *quadratic sum evolution again.
ΔE a b * = [ ( Δ L * ) 2 + ( Δ a * ) 2 + ( Δ b * ) 2 ] 1 / 2
Δ E is less, and to represent aberration less, and national standard requires that, in BIPV, point is less than 3 with the value of chromatism Δ E of point.Under equal conditions, when object color is dimmed, surface chromatic aberration is less.
Application number is " 201110366694.7 ", denomination of invention is " preparation method of thin film solar cell high-conductivity front electrode ", disclose one and deposit depositing ultrathin metallic diaphragm on TCO rete on the glass substrate, reach and contact with solar battery structure layer good ohmic, the object conducted electricity very well.This invention is to provide a kind of preparation method that can improve the thin-film solar cells high-conductivity front electrode of battery conversion efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration, and the object of the method reduces assembly surface aberration by electrode before process electro-conductive glass.
Reduce a method for thin film silicon assembly surface aberration, comprise first plated film on the front electrode, then plate amorphous silicon film battery, the step of last plating back electrode, wherein, plated film comprises the following steps on the front electrode:
A, depositing metal films: on the front electrode, depositing metal membrane layer; Wherein, 0nm < metallic diaphragm≤10nm;
B, depositing TCO films: with argon gas bombardment AZO target, under the influence of a magnetic field, on the metal level that AZO target is prepared in a step, deposition forms TCO thin film; Wherein, 0nm < TCO thin film≤60nm.
AZO target described above is the zinc oxide transparent conducting film of aluminium doping.
A kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration described above, the material of metal level described in a step is the one in Cu, Ag, Al, Ta, Ni, Cr, NiCr.
Further, the material of metal level described in a step is preferably the higher Ag of transmitance, and also has excellent conductive characteristic due to ag material, can not impact the collection of charge carrier and transporting in rete.
Wherein, acting as of super thin metal silver layer absorbs a certain amount of visible ray, reduces reflection, just can absorb a certain amount of visible ray when its thickness is 0 ~ 10nm, reduce reflection, although the silver layer of thickness G reatT.GreaT.GT 10nm can the significant reflectivity increasing surface.But, if metal level is too thick can stop that too many visible ray enters in battery, affects battery to the absorption of light and affect the generating efficiency of battery.
A kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration described above, TCO thin film described in b step is preferably AZO film, and wherein, in AZO film target, the doping content of aluminium is 0.5 ~ 1.5%.
Wherein, TCO thin film is transparent conductive oxide film, preferably be prepared from by the magnetron sputtering technique in PVD (physical vapour deposition (PVD)) technology by AZO (zinc oxide that aluminium adulterates) layer, its process is argon gas bombardment AZO target, under the influence of a magnetic field, AZO deposits gradually and forms conductive oxide rete on the metal layer.The dielectric constant of AZO, between its media of both sides, can regulate by the thickness changing AZO layer the light transmission capacity entering into battery obsorbing layer.
Further, as preferred technical scheme, a kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration described above is on the front electrode, the Ag thin layer thick with the method for physical vapour deposition (PVD) plating 3nm and the thick TCO thin film layer of 60nm.
Or as preferred technical scheme, a kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration described above is on the front electrode, the Ag thin layer thick with the method for physical vapour deposition (PVD) plating 5nm and the thick TCO thin film layer of 60nm.
A kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration of the present invention, after electrode before treatment of battery assembly, surface chromatic aberration can be improved significantly, the ratio of its △ E < 2 significantly promotes, and can reach more than 80%; Aberration obviously reduces, and between sheet and sheet, aberration is not obvious, large area can be used for BIPV; Sample surfaces average reflectance after process reduces, and the interference fringe amplitude in reflectivity spectral reduces, and is conducive to reducing aberration.When Ag thicknesses of layers is fixed, the corresponding aberration of assembly is reduced to △ E < 2 (3nmAg+60nmAZO) and △ E < 1.5 (5nmAg+60nmAZO) respectively from △ E > 3.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 aberration modular construction and schematic surface;
The assembly surface reflectivity spectral of the premenstrual Electrode treatment of Fig. 2 and untreated (comparative sample);
Fig. 3 assembly surface average reflectance (visible light wave range 380nm ~ 780nm) is with the variation tendency of different thicknesses of layers.
Embodiment
Reduce a method for thin film silicon assembly surface aberration, comprise first plated film on the front electrode, then plate amorphous silicon film battery, the step of last plating back electrode, wherein, plated film comprises the following steps on the front electrode:
A, depositing metal films: on the front electrode, depositing metal membrane layer; Wherein, 0nm < metallic diaphragm≤10nm;
B, depositing TCO films: with argon gas bombardment AZO target, under the influence of a magnetic field, on the metal level that AZO target is prepared in a step, deposition forms TCO thin film; Wherein, 0nm < TCO thin film≤60nm.
Described AZO target is the zinc oxide transparent conducting film of aluminium doping.
A kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration described above, the material of metal level described in a step is Cu, Ag, Al, Ta, Ni, Cr or NiCr.
Further, the material of metal level described in a step is preferably the higher Ag of transmitance, and also has excellent conductive characteristic due to ag material, can not impact the collection of charge carrier and transporting in rete.
Wherein, acting as of super thin metal silver layer absorbs a certain amount of visible ray, reduces reflection, just can absorb a certain amount of visible ray when its thickness is 0 ~ 10nm, reduce reflection, although the silver layer of thickness G reatT.GreaT.GT 10nm can the significant reflectivity increasing surface.But, if metal level is too thick can stop that too many visible ray enters in battery, affects battery to the absorption of light and affect the generating efficiency of battery.
A kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration described above, TCO thin film described in b step is preferably AZO film, and wherein, in AZO film target, the doping content of aluminium is 0.5 ~ 1.5%.
Wherein, TCO thin film is transparent conductive oxide film, preferably be prepared from by the magnetron sputtering technique in PVD (physical vapour deposition (PVD)) technology by AZO (zinc oxide that aluminium adulterates) layer, its process is argon gas bombardment AZO target, under the influence of a magnetic field, AZO deposits gradually and forms conductive oxide rete on the metal layer.The dielectric constant of AZO, between its media of both sides, can regulate by the thickness changing AZO layer the light transmission capacity entering into battery obsorbing layer.
Further, as preferred technical scheme, a kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration described above is on the front electrode, the Ag thin layer thick with the method for physical vapour deposition (PVD) plating 3nm and the thick TCO thin film layer of 60nm.
Or as preferred technical scheme, a kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration described above is on the front electrode, the Ag thin layer thick with the method for physical vapour deposition (PVD) plating 5nm and the thick TCO thin film layer of 60nm.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described, does not therefore limit the present invention among described scope of embodiments.
Embodiment 1
On the front electrode, with method plating Ag layer and the AZO conductive oxide film layer of physical vapour deposition (PVD), then plate amorphous silicon film battery by the method for chemical vapour deposition (CVD), finally with the method plating layer of metal back electrode of physical vapour deposition (PVD).
Comparative sample is only on the front electrode with the method plating amorphous silicon film battery of chemical vapour deposition (CVD), then plates layer of metal back electrode by the method for physical vapour deposition (PVD).
Wherein, the thickness of Ag layer and AZO conductive oxide film layer is selected as shown in table 1 below:
The assembly rete experiment of the premenstrual Electrode treatment of table 1 and untreated (comparative sample)
Numbering Metallic film layer thickness (/nm) TCO thin film layer thickness (/nm) Value of chromatism (△ E)
1 3 60 1.9
2 5 60 1.5
3 8 30 1
4 10 10 1.2
5 1 50 1.6
6 0 0 3.7
From table 1, the assembly thicknesses of layers experiment of premenstrual Electrode treatment and untreated (comparative sample) can obtain:
1, in embodiment 1 in numbering 1 ~ 5 group be deposition duplicature after electro-conductive glass substrate on prepare amorphous silicon/amorphous silicon germanium unijunction or multijunction cell; Numbering 6 groups is that contrast is produced on the suprabasil assembly of undressed electro-conductive glass, and surface chromatic aberration can improve.Fig. 1 is aberration modular construction and schematic surface.
2, find through △ E colour difference assessment method, without the assembly of front Electrode treatment, the ratio of △ E < 2 is very little, is generally less than 10%.Based on the basis with a collection of glass and technique, through the assembly of front Electrode treatment, the ratio of △ E < 2 significantly promotes, and can reach 80%.
3, the assembly aberration without front Electrode treatment is obvious, has significantly colour inhomogeneous between sheet and sheet.Through the assembly of front Electrode treatment, aberration obviously reduces, and between sheet and sheet, aberration is not obvious, large area can be used for BIPV.
4, the undressed assembly of electrode before contrast, the sample surfaces average reflectance after process reduces, and the interference fringe amplitude in reflectivity spectral reduces.Interference fringe derives from the inhomogeneities of rete, and to wavelength sensitive.When interference fringe is strong, aberration is relatively obvious.Interference fringe amplitude in the assembly surface reflectivity spectral processed reduces, and is conducive to reducing aberration.Its result as shown in Figure 2.
5, assembly surface average reflectance (visible light wave range 380nm ~ 780nm) with the variation tendency of different thicknesses of layers is: the corresponding aberration of assembly is reduced to △ E < 2 (3nmAg+60nmAZO) and △ E < 1.5 (5nmAg+60nmAZO) respectively from △ E > 3.Its result as shown in Figure 3.

Claims (6)

1. reduce a method for thin film silicon assembly surface aberration, comprise first plated film on the front electrode, then plate amorphous silicon film battery, the step of last plating back electrode, is characterized in that: plated film comprises the following steps on the front electrode:
A, depositing metal films: on the front electrode, depositing metal membrane layer; Wherein, 0nm < metallic diaphragm≤10nm;
B, depositing TCO films: with argon gas bombardment AZO target, under the influence of a magnetic field, on the metal level that AZO target is prepared in a step, deposition forms TCO thin film; Wherein, 0nm < TCO thin film≤60nm.
2. a kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the material of metal level described in a step is a kind of in Cu, Ag, Al, Ta, Ni, Cr, NiCr.
3. a kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the material of metal level described in a step is Ag.
4. a kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the target of AZO described in b step, the doping content of aluminium is 0.5 ~ 1.5%.
5. a kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that: on the front electrode, with the physical vaporous deposition thick Ag thin layer of plating 3nm and the thick TCO thin film layer of 60nm.
6. a kind of method reducing thin film silicon assembly surface aberration according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that: on the front electrode, with the physical vaporous deposition thick Ag thin layer of plating 5nm and the thick TCO thin film layer of 60nm.
CN201510512884.3A 2015-08-20 2015-08-20 Method for reducing surface chromatic aberration of film silicon assembly Pending CN105047759A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510512884.3A CN105047759A (en) 2015-08-20 2015-08-20 Method for reducing surface chromatic aberration of film silicon assembly

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510512884.3A CN105047759A (en) 2015-08-20 2015-08-20 Method for reducing surface chromatic aberration of film silicon assembly

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105047759A true CN105047759A (en) 2015-11-11

Family

ID=54454145

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201510512884.3A Pending CN105047759A (en) 2015-08-20 2015-08-20 Method for reducing surface chromatic aberration of film silicon assembly

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN105047759A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110305602A (en) * 2018-03-27 2019-10-08 拓自达电线株式会社 Electrically conductive adhesive layer carrier film and adhesive film including the electrically conductive adhesive layer carrier film

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110305602A (en) * 2018-03-27 2019-10-08 拓自达电线株式会社 Electrically conductive adhesive layer carrier film and adhesive film including the electrically conductive adhesive layer carrier film

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Sai et al. High-efficiency microcrystalline silicon solar cells on honeycomb textured substrates grown with high-rate VHF plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
Rech et al. New materials and deposition techniques for highly efficient silicon thin film solar cells
Müller et al. Development of highly efficient thin film silicon solar cells on texture-etched zinc oxide-coated glass substrates
Sahu et al. High quality transparent conductive ZnO/Ag/ZnO multilayer films deposited at room temperature
Hüpkes et al. Surface textured MF-sputtered ZnO films for microcrystalline silicon-based thin-film solar cells
Gwamuri et al. A new method of preparing highly conductive ultra-thin indium tin oxide for plasmonic-enhanced thin film solar photovoltaic devices
Löffler et al. Amorphous silicon solar cells on natively textured ZnO grown by PECVD
Müller et al. Upscaling of texture-etched zinc oxide substrates for silicon thin film solar cells
Ruske et al. Large area ZnO: Al films with tailored light scattering properties for photovoltaic applications
Calnan et al. High deposition rate aluminium-doped zinc oxide films with highly efficient light trapping for silicon thin film solar cells
Ren et al. Fabrication of textured SnO2: F thin films by spray pyrolysis
Wang et al. Influence of Al/Cu thickness ratio and deposition sequence on photoelectric property of ZnO/Al/Cu/ZnO multilayer film on PET substrate prepared by RF magnetron sputtering
Feltrin et al. Advanced light trapping designs for high efficiency thin film silicon solar cells
CN111584647A (en) Yellow front plate glass for photovoltaic module and yellow photovoltaic module prepared from same
US20130340817A1 (en) Thin film silicon solar cell in tandem junction configuration on textured glass
Liu et al. Comparative study on IWO and ICO transparent conductive oxide films prepared by reactive plasma deposition for copper electroplated silicon heterojunction solar cell
CN108515743B (en) Metal/medium ultra-wideband absorption film and preparation method thereof
Hishida et al. Designing band offset of a-SiO: H solar cells for very high open-circuit voltage (1.06 V) by adjusting band gap of p–i–n junction
Sommer et al. Influence of deposition conditions and substrate morphology on the electrical properties of sputtered ZnO: Al grown on texture-etched glass
CN105047759A (en) Method for reducing surface chromatic aberration of film silicon assembly
Flikweert et al. Microcrystalline thin-film solar cell deposition on moving substrates using a linear VHF-PECVD reactor and a cross-flow geometry
Steinhauser et al. Improving low pressure chemical vapor deposited zinc oxide contacts for thin film silicon solar cells by using rough glass substrates
CN111584652A (en) Green front plate glass for photovoltaic module and green photovoltaic module prepared from same
Wakefield et al. Mesoporous silica nanocomposite antireflective coating for Cu (In, Ga) Se2 thin film solar cells
Kang et al. Novel application of MgF2 as a back reflector in a-SiOx: H thin-film solar cells

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20151111