CN105042604A - Automatic decoking combustion chamber for combusting biomass fuel - Google Patents
Automatic decoking combustion chamber for combusting biomass fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN105042604A CN105042604A CN201510399533.6A CN201510399533A CN105042604A CN 105042604 A CN105042604 A CN 105042604A CN 201510399533 A CN201510399533 A CN 201510399533A CN 105042604 A CN105042604 A CN 105042604A
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- biomass fuel
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000005235 decoking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020843 Hyperthermia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020852 Hypertonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036031 hyperthermia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic decoking combustion chamber for combusting biomass fuel, and belongs to the technical field of combustion equipment. The automatic decoking combustion chamber for combusting the biomass fuel comprises movable grate plates arranged in a furnace and fixed grate plates fixed in the furnace, the movable grate plates move front and back and are in friction fit with the fixed grate plates, the fixed grate plates and the movable grate plates are alternately arranged in a stair-step mode and sequentially descend from a furnace mouth of the furnace to the back portion of the furnace, and all the movable grate plates act synchronously; each furnace grate plate comprises a groove-shaped metal cover plate, plate legs of the metal cover plate are in friction fit with the plate surface of the furnace grate plate below the metal cover plate, the plate surface of the furnace grate plate is provided with multiple air holes, and the lower surface of the furnace grate plate is provided with an air supply system which supplies air to the furnace through the air holes; the automatic decoking combustion chamber for combusting the biomass fuel is further provided with a hopper, a material pushing plate and an igniter. According to the automatic decoking combustion chamber for combusting the biomass fuel, the market vacancy is filled, the problem that sticky jelly-like matter generated in the combustion process of the biomass fuel blocks the air holes of the furnace grate plates is effectively solved, decoking is automatically performed, materials are distributed evenly, and full combustion is guaranteed; the automatic decoking combustion chamber is simple in structure and convenient and fast to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel, belong to combustion apparatus technology machinery.
Background technology
In the process utilizing biological renewable energy, the combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel is particularly crucial, can be used in biomass boiler or biomass combustion machine.China's biomass boiler and biomass combustion machine development are rapidly, Developing Biomass boiler and combustor have become the most effective way solving at present municipal refuse and waste crop straws problem, and biomass boiler and combustor all obtain numerous concern in two aspects in market and government.
Because biomass fuel is of a great variety, fuel has that moisture content high (generally more than 45%), impurity more (being mixed with earth, fine sand), ash are high, alkali metal content high, biomass fuel after burner hearth combustion, very easily coking in combustion chamber.Living beings coking mainly refers to the ash produced after fuel combustion, at high temperature mostly be molten into liquid state or in soft state, if when ash also keeps soft state to encounter fire grate plate or inboard wall of burner hearth, can form thick jelly coking, in burner hearth, ventilation skewness forms localized hyperthermia simultaneously is also the reason causing coking.The more difficult cleaning of coking and to cover on fuel order burning insufficient; and block fire grate plate air vent and flue; there is operation under positive pressure in boiler or combustor, causes being forced to blowing out or shutdown, and therefore coking has become biomass boiler and biomass combustion machine matter of utmost importance in the urgent need to address.
Mostly biomass boiler on the market and biomass combustion machine are small sized product, macro-organism matter boiler or biomass combustion machine technology immature, also there is no the matured product that can really put goods on the market at present, more effectively can not remove this international headache of coking.Conventional coking treating method is generally blowing out high pressure water washing, but effect is undesirable: a. purges limited area, has part dead angle to exist, easily forms smoke corridor, aggravation concentrated wear; B. soot blower period is long, makes fouling of heating surface too much, even makes dust stratification sinter-hardened, increase and blow grey difficulty; If c. steam soot blowing hypertonia or Long-Time Service, can accelerate the wearing and tearing of metal pipe-wall, hypotony affects again blows grey effect; D. increase inner flue gas of the stove humidity, cause air preheater pipe seriously corroded; E. mechanical position fault rate is high, and maintenance cost is high.
Traditional biomass boiler or biomass combustion machine fuel arranged adopt auger transmission simultaneously, feed bin, motor, auger is utilized to be delivered in burner hearth, this will to cause in burner hearth some places without fuel, some places fuel is very many, fuel became uneven, arrange unbalanced, be unfavorable for very much the Thorough combustion of biomass fuel.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are to provide a kind of automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel, be used in biomass boiler or biomass combustion machine, to fill a hole in the market, the problem of the thick jelly blocking fire grate plate air vent generated in effective solution biomass combustion process, and energy balancing distributing, enable biomass fuel Thorough combustion.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
An automatic decoking combustion chamber for firing biomass fuel, comprises the fire grate plate be located in burner hearth, and described fire grate plate comprises movable grate plate and is fixed on fixing grate plate in burner hearth, movable grate plate movable and with fixing grate plate frictional fit.
Further improvement of the present invention is: fixing grate plate and movable grate plate are alternately arranged with stepped and reduce successively to burner hearth rear portion from the fire door of burner hearth, the equal synchronization action of all movable grate plates.
Further improvement of the present invention is: movable grate plate is connected on a traversing carriage can move forward and backward by Electric Machine Control.
Further improvement of the present invention is: traversing carriage is arranged on support wheel by supporting leg, and supporting leg bottom is provided with the track coordinated with support wheel.
Further improvement of the present invention is: fire grate plate comprises the metal cover board of fluted body, the plate face frictional fit of two plate legs of metal cover board and the fire grate plate below it, the plate face of fluted body metal cover board is provided with some air vents, below fluted body metal cover board, is provided with the air feed system that air vent ventilates in burner hearth.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the air vent diameter on fire grate plate is 2mm ~ 10mm.
Further improvement of the present invention is: be provided with plugging plate between the below of fluted body metal cover board, former and later two plate legs, plugging plate makes the formation of fire grate intralamellar part to the cavity of air feed in burner hearth, described air feed system comprises the air supply line be connected with described cavity, and air supply line is communicated with blower fan.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the fixing air supply line of grate plate and the air supply line of movable grate plate are independently arranged, the cavity of all movable grate plates is all communicated with the air supply line of movable grate plate, the air supply line of movable grate plate is provided with the airduct be flexibly connected be communicated with blower fan, air supply line and the traversing carriage of movable grate plate move simultaneously.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the airduct that the air supply line of movable grate plate is flexibly connected comprise fixing airduct and with fixing airduct activity grafting and diameter is greater than the movable wind duct of fixing airduct, fixing airduct is communicated with blower fan, and movable wind duct is fixedly connected on described air supply line and moves together with movable grate plate; The air supply line of fixing grate plate comprises main pipeline is communicated with the cavity fixing grate plate lateral with from two ends, and described main pipeline is arranged on the both sides, below of fixing grate plate, and main pipeline is communicated with blower fan, and lateral is connected with main pipeline respectively.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the air inlet of the air supply line of fixing grate plate and movable grate plate is provided with the air regulating board valve controlling air force.
Further improvement of the present invention is: described air feed system comprises the bellows overall for of all fire grate plate air feeds be communicated with blower fan be arranged on below all fire grate plates.
Further improvement of the present invention is: above the charging aperture of burner hearth, correspondence is provided with hopper, and the discharging opening of hopper is provided with scraping wings.
Further improvement of the present invention is: scraping wings is positioned at above the fixing grate plate at the charging aperture place of burner hearth, and scraping wings and movable grate plate are all connected on traversing carriage, scraping wings action together with all movable grate plates.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the inner face being positioned at the fixing grate plate at the charging aperture place of burner hearth is provided with igniter.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the discharging opening of hopper with the wide setting of scraping wings and and fire grate plate width corresponding.
Further improvement of the present invention is: hopper bottom is provided with dividing plate, and hopper is separated into the storage compartment on top and the discharge chamber of bottom by dividing plate.
Further improvement of the present invention is: hearth wall is provided with the blowing mouth of drying in burner hearth, and the direction of blowing mouth is arranged according to making wind have identical direction of rotation.
Further improvement of the present invention is: in the passage that fires of burner hearth, be also provided with blowing mouth.
Further improvement of the present invention is: arrange ashcan outside the burner hearth that last block corresponding fixes grate plate.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the technological progress that the present invention obtains is:
1, fire grate plate comprises fixing grate plate and movable grate plate, the two upper and lower plates face mechanical friction coordinates, movable grate plate moves forward and backward in process, the viscous gum of movable grate plate upper surface or coking can be wiped off by the edge of the lower surface of the fixing grate plate above movable grate plate, the viscous gum of fixing grate plate upper surface or coking also can be wiped off by the edge of movable grate plate lower surface, automatic decoking, such biomass fuel can not be bonded on fire grate plate in the coking that combustion process produces, the air vent of fire grate plate can not be blocked, therefore make the equipment of large-scale biomass burning can Long-Time Service.
2, fixing grate plate and movable grate plate are alternately arranged with stepped, and reduce successively from the fire door of burner hearth to burner hearth rear portion, and structure is simple, and be convenient to the propelling of fire grate plate plate face frictional fit and biomass granule fuel, automatic decoking efficiency is fast; The equal synchronization action of all movable grate plates, the distance of the relative movement of movable grate plate and fixing grate plate is little, the coking material on fire grate plate surface can be wiped off simultaneously, and can simultaneously by the material driven forward of diverse location, enable material homogenous combustion, can not be long a local burning time, and form coking or make coking be bonded on fire grate plate, block air vent; All movable grate plates are all connected on a traversing carriage can move forward and backward by Electric Machine Control, movable while realizing movable grate plate by the push-and-pull of traversing carriage.Traversing carriage realizes movable by supporting leg, support wheel and track, support wheel matching track can reduce friction when traversing carriage moves forward and backward, and mobile torsional forces is less, mobile light, flexible.
3, fire grate plate does not comprise the metal cover board of fluted body, and face is provided with some air vents, metal material to cover plate plate, resistance to burning, wear-resisting, heat-resisting, anti-corrosion, yielding, durable in use, long service life; The plate face of the lower panel leg of the fire grate plate of fluted body structure and the fire grate plate below it realizes rubbing, and contact area is less, can coking effectively on scraping plate face, prevents from blocking air vent further; Air vent diameter is 2 ~ 10mm, and aperture is little, biomass fuel kind strong adaptability, be applicable to multiple biomass fuel, as the biomass fuel that particle, briquetting, ut and coal dust, sawdust etc. are pressed into, fuel does not fall to leak, and the lime-ash rubbed after rooting out can drop in time.
4, plugging plate is provided with between the below of fluted body metal cover board, former and later two plate legs, both the cavity of air feed in burner hearth had been formed, be again the stiffener of fluted body metal cover board, the ability of bearing thermal deformation of fire grate plate can be strengthened, also can by the further decoking of the friction of plugging plate; Be provided with air feed system below fluted body metal cover board, air feed system comprises the air supply line be connected with above-mentioned cavity, for the fuel on fire grate plate provides ventilation, guarantees Thorough combustion; The air inlet of air supply line is provided with the air regulating board valve controlling intake, effectively can regulate the air force leading to diverse location in fire grate plate cavity, make fire grate plate Uniform Ventilation everywhere; The fixing air supply line of grate plate and the air supply line of movable grate plate are independently arranged, and do not interfere each other or affect, air feeding efficiency is high, can reduce wind loss to greatest extent; The cavity of all movable grate plates is all communicated with the air supply line of movable grate plate, air supply line and the traversing carriage of movable grate plate move simultaneously, the airduct air supply line of movable grate plate being provided with flexible connection is communicated with blower fan, does not affect its air feed when such movable grate plate moves; The air supply line that every block fixes grate plate includes main pipeline and the lateral being communicated with the cavity fixing grate plate, described main pipeline is arranged on the both sides, below of fixing grate plate, fixing grate plate two sides all arrange the air intake vent being communicated with its air supply line, for side direction air feed, structure is simple, rationally distributed, air quantity is even; Hearth wall is provided with the blowing mouth of drying in burner hearth, the direction of blowing mouth is arranged according to making wind have identical direction of rotation, like this in burner hearth except updrafting from fire grate plate, the wind entered from the blowing mouth at burner hearth sidewall or top can form the wind rotated along burner hearth in burner hearth, guarantees that biomass fuel combustion is abundant further; In the passage that fires of burner hearth, be also provided with blowing mouth, the non-burning fume being about to discharge combustion chamber can be helped to burn further, make burning more abundant.
Above the charging aperture of 5, burner hearth, correspondence is provided with hopper, the end opening of hopper is provided with scraping wings, scraping wings and movable grate plate are all connected on traversing carriage, by the promotion of traversing carriage, movable grate plate and/or scraping wings move simultaneously, biomass fuel is pushed on fixing grate plate and movable grate plate one by one, realizes the hierarchical segmented cloth of multistage fire grate plate; The inner face being positioned at one piece of fixing grate plate at the charging aperture place of burner hearth is provided with igniter, can is just advanced the biomass fuel come light by scraping wings; Hopper is divided into the storage compartment on top and the discharge chamber of bottom by the dividing plate being arranged on bottom, and namely dividing plate closes after discharge chamber blanking, prevents the fuel that the fuel in burner hearth ignites in storage compartment; The discharging opening of discharge chamber and the wide setting of scraping wings, and it is corresponding with fire grate plate, the fuel fallen from discharge chamber can evenly be laid in fire grate plate after scraping wings promotes, namely fuel be evenly arranged at the beginning, guarantee that biomass fuel is heated evenly, sufficient combustion, reduction coking and dust fly up, ensure that the efficiency of follow-up dedusting, realize the environmental protection of living beings heat energy; Outside the burner hearth that corresponding afterbody fixes grate plate, ashcan is set, is convenient to concentrate and removes lime-ash.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the fire grate plate structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the air feed system partial enlarged drawing of the movable grate plate of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the air regulating board valve arrangement schematic diagram of movable grate plate;
Fig. 5 is the side air feed system structural representation of fixing grate plate;
Fig. 6 is the air regulating board valve arrangement schematic diagram of fixing grate plate;
Wherein, 1, burner hearth, 2, dividing plate, 3, discharge chamber, 4, fixing grate plate, 5, movable grate plate, 6, traversing carriage, 7, supporting leg, 8, scraping wings, 9, plugging plate, 10, air vent, 11, track, 12, support wheel, 13, igniter, 14, air regulating board valve, 15, movable wind duct, 16, fixing airduct, 17, main pipeline, 18, the air inlet of air supply line, 19, lateral, 20, blowing mouth, 21, plate leg, 22, plate face, 24, storage compartment, 26, ashcan, 27, adpting flange.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further details:
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 6, a kind of automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel, be used in biomass combustion machine, in Fig. 1, the adpting flange 27 of the rightmost side can connect other relevant devices, the present embodiment design steam gas production is 6 tons/hour, combustion fuel per hour is 900kg, belong to relatively large combustor, comprise the fire grate plate be located in burner hearth 1, the fixing grate plate 4 that fire grate plate comprises movable grate plate 5 and is fixed in burner hearth, movable grate plate 5 and fixing grate plate 4 plate face frictional fit, the main body of fixing grate plate 4 and movable grate plate 5 is the fluted body metal cover board of heating resisting metal material, the present embodiment is heat-resisting cast iron material, this fluted body cover plate is arranged in the burner hearth 1 of being built by refractory concrete soil layer in the mode of groove back-off, fluted body cover plate comprises plate face 22 and is positioned at the downward plate leg 21 at edge, plate face 22, two before and after plate leg 21 can be arranged, also plate leg 21 can be all set on four limits in plate face 22, the below of grate plate 4 and fluted body movable grate plate 5 is fixed in all fluted bodies, plugging plate 9 is provided with between former and later two plate legs 21, plugging plate 9 makes the formation of fire grate intralamellar part to the cavity of air feed in burner hearth 1, fire grate plate side or be provided with below and be communicated with the air intake vent of air feed system.
Fixing grate plate 4 and movable grate plate 5 are alternately arranged with stepped and reduce successively from the fire door of burner hearth 1 to the rear of burner hearth 1 inside, first block of fire grate plate at fire door place is fixing grate plate 4, inside second piece is movable grate plate 5, movable grate plate 5 is positioned at below fixing grate plate 4, then the 3rd piece is again fixing grate plate 4, this fixing grate plate 4 is positioned at below aforesaid movable grate plate 5, so alternately arranges, the quantity of fixing grate plate 4 has two at least.This combustor comprises eight fixing grate plates 4 and seven movable grate plates 5, eight fixing grate plates 4 are fixedly supported in burner hearth 1 by fixture, a movable grate plate 5 is settled between every two fixing grate plates 4, all movable grate plates 5 are all connected on a traversing carriage 6, traversing carriage 6 controls to move forward and backward by motor and travel switch, and all movable grate plates 5 are all connected on traversing carriage 6 and keep synchronization action.In the ideal case, upper and lower two pieces of fire grate distances between plates should be zero, keep fitting tightly state, but due to machining accuracy, the plane at the plate face 22 of all fire grate plates, plate leg 21 and plugging plate 9 place can not be definitely smooth, therefore the spacing of 1-4mm is maintained up and down between fire grate plate, the present embodiment is the spacing of 3mm, like this along with traversing carriage 6 move forward and backward time, rub between plate face 22 little, reduce the load of the motor driving traversing carriage 6, motor running resistance is less.
The hollow, rectangular cavity that traversing carriage 6 is made for channel-section steel also can be tower structure, salable also can blow-by, the present embodiment is the sealed cavity of hollow, rectangular.This traversing carriage 6 is arranged on support wheel 12 by supporting leg 7, and supporting leg 7 bottom is provided with the track 11 coordinated with support wheel 12, realizes moving forward and backward to facilitate.
Plate face 22 frictional fit of two plate legs 21 of fluted body metal cover board and the fire grate plate below it, the plate face 22 of fluted body metal cover board is provided with 10 × 32 air vents 10, the diameter of air vent 10 can be selected between 2 ~ 10mm, the biomass fuel diameter that this combustion chamber is selected is 8-12mm, or 32*32 briquetting, with the diameter matches of air vent 10.The diameter of the air vent 10 of the present embodiment is 10mm, and the biomass fuel diameter that this combustion chamber is selected is 12mm, can not leak down from the air vent 10 fixing grate plate 4 and movable grate plate 5.Air vent 10 is vertical holes, the air feed system that air vent 10 ventilates in burner hearth 1 is provided with below fluted body metal cover board, this air feed system comprises the air supply line be connected with the cavity of fluted body metal cover board, and the air supply line of fixing grate plate 4 and the air supply line of movable grate plate 5 are independently.
The air supply line of movable grate plate 5 is arranged in traversing carriage 6, and move with traversing carriage 6 simultaneously, traversing carriage 6 is made to have air feed concurrently, the multiple action of support and movement, save space simultaneously, the cavity of all movable grate plates 5 is all communicated with the air supply line of movable grate plate 5, the air supply line of movable grate plate 5 is communicated with blower fan by the airduct be flexibly connected, the airduct of this flexible connection comprises one section of fixing airduct 16 and one section of movable wind duct 15, movable wind duct 15 and fixing airduct 16 activity grafting, and the diameter of movable wind duct 15 is greater than the diameter of fixing airduct 16, fixing airduct 16 is communicated with blower fan by bellows, movable wind duct 15 is fixedly connected on described air supply line and moves together with movable grate plate 5.The air supply line of fixing grate plate 4 is all communicated with blower fan by bellows with the air supply line of movable grate plate 5, and bellows play a point wind action.The fixing air supply line of grate plate 4 and the air supply line of movable grate plate 5 all have twice, and they are arranged on the left and right sides, below of fire grate plate.In bellows, the porch of each air supply line all arranges the air regulating board valve 14 of regulating air volume.
The air supply line intended diameter of movable grate plate 5 is 2 times of actual required airflow, in bellows, air inlet 18 place of the air supply line of movable grate plate 5 is provided with the air regulating board valve 14 controlling air force, this air regulating board valve 14 is corresponding with bellows, adopt metal material, as heat-resisting cast iron material, air regulating board valve 14 is fixed with pull bar, pass through the mobile air regulating board valve 14 that regulates of pull bar like this in the position at air inlet 18 place of air supply line, if air quantity is excessive, air regulating board valve 14 is blocked 2/3 or 1/3 of the air inlet 18 of air supply line, until the air supply line air intake of movable grate plate 5 satisfies the demands.
The air supply line of fixing grate plate 4 comprises main pipeline 17 and the lateral 19 being communicated with every block and fixing the cavity of grate plate 4, described main pipeline 17 is symmetricly set on the both sides, below of fixing grate plate 4, main pipeline 17 is communicated with blower fan, lateral 19 is connected with main pipeline 17 respectively, the centre that every block fixes grate plate 4 arranges longitudinal cavity demarcation strip, cavity is divided into left and right two parts, respectively two main pipelines 17 of corresponding both sides.Fixing grate plate 4 is Two-way side air feed (every block fixes grate plate 4 also can only design side air feed, and be one-way lateral air feed, main pipeline 17 is arranged on the side, below of fixing grate plate 4, does not need to arrange longitudinal cavity demarcation strip, but air feed effect comparatively Two-way side air feed is poor).
The air supply line diameter of fixing grate plate 4 is also 2 times of design required airflow, air inlet 18 place of the air supply line of fixing grate plate 4 is also provided with the air regulating board valve 14 controlling air force, the same with the air regulating board valve 14 of movable grate plate 5, by the movement of pull bar, air regulating board valve 14 is made to regulate the air intake situation of fixing direction, grate plate 4 both sides air supply line.
Movable grate plate 5 also can use separately independently blower fan and bellows with the air supply line of fixing grate plate 4, and namely blower fan is two altogether.
The wall of the burner hearth 1 of the present embodiment can be arranged the blowing mouth 20 of blowing in burner hearth 1, the direction of blowing mouth 20 is all that clockwise direction of rotation is arranged according to making wind, also blowing mouth 20 is provided with in the passage that fires of burner hearth 1, the ventilation shaft of blowing mouth 20 is communicated with blower fan by bellows, the ventilation shaft of blowing mouth 20 is arranged and adjusts wind ball valve, regulate the air quantity of blowing mouth 20.
The present embodiment is provided with hopper in the outside of combustion chamber, hopper is arranged on the top outside the charging aperture of burner hearth 1, below the discharging opening of hopper, one piece of fixing grate plate 4 at the charging aperture place of burner hearth 1 scraping wings 8 is set above, scraping wings 8 is at the end opening place of hopper, scraping wings 8 is also metal material, as heat-resisting cast iron material, scraping wings 8 and movable grate plate 5 are all connected on traversing carriage 6, all movable grate plates 5 and scraping wings 8 action simultaneously, hopper bottom is provided with dividing plate 2, hopper is separated into the storage compartment 24 on top and the discharge chamber 3 of bottom by dividing plate 2, the discharging opening of discharge chamber 3 and the wide setting of scraping wings 8, and it is corresponding with the width of fire grate plate (fixing grate plate 4 and movable grate plate 5), like this when scraping wings 8 is toward post-tensioning, fuel in discharge chamber 3 can evenly drop down onto on the plate face 22 of whole first piece of fixing grate plate, when scraping wings 8 pushes away forward, fuel can equilibrium be arranged on the plate face 22 of next stage fire grate plate, continuous feeding, fractional combustion, sufficient combustion.
The inner face being positioned at one piece of fixing grate plate 4 at the charging aperture place of burner hearth 1 is provided with igniter 13, and igniter 13 is below scraping wings 8; Outside the burner hearth 1 that last block corresponding fixes grate plate 4, ashcan 26 is set, is convenient to lime-ash to concentrate remove.
During use, biomass fuel loads in hopper, and taken out out by dividing plate 2, the biomass fuel in the storage compartment 24 on hopper top enters discharge chamber 3, and the biomass fuel in discharge chamber 3 is by conputer controlled inlet amount and feed time.Motor provides power for traversing carriage 6, travel switch controls the stroke of traversing carriage 6, promote traversing carriage 6 backward, scraping wings 8 and movable grate plate 5 move backward along with the while of traversing carriage 6, fuel in discharge chamber 3 is taken advantage of a situation in the fixing grate plate 4 at the charging aperture place falling into burner hearth 1, and is evenly laid in first fixing grate plate 4; Then dividing plate 2 playbacks, and is separated by the fuel in discharge chamber 3 and storage compartment 24, the biomass fuel on the hopper top that prevents from igniting.Now igniter 17 is lighted a fire three minutes, fan starting air feed.Biomass fuel in the fixing grate plate 4 at the charging aperture place of burner hearth 1 is lighted, then driven forward scraping wings 8, is shifted onto by the biomass fuel that the part in the fixing grate plate 4 at the charging aperture place of burner hearth 1 is ignited on the movable grate plate 5 below fixing grate plate 4; Then dividing plate 2 is taken out out again, and storage compartment 24 blanking is to discharge chamber 3, and dividing plate 2 playbacks, and pushes away and post-tensioning with before scraping wings 8, move in circles, biomass fuel is arranged in all movable grate plates 5 and fixing grate plate 4, balancing distributing, sectional combustion step by step, combustion range is large, sufficient combustion.
Before when pushing away traversing carriage 6 plugging plate 9 of movable grate plate 5 and plate leg 21 all with the upper surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of the fixing grate plate 4 of below, the coking of fixing grate plate 4 is removed in time; Plugging plate 9 under grate plate 4 is fixed and the coking on movable grate plate 5 is all wiped off with the upper surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of movable grate plate 5 by plate leg 21 when retreating traversing carriage 6; Coking in the fixing grate plate 4 at the charging aperture place of burner hearth 1 is wiped off by the movable friction of scraping wings 8.Lime-ash after burning arrives after last block fixes grate plate and falls in ashcan 26, and can be walked clearly by ashes from shoot door.During fluted body fire grate plate to be replaced, dust between fire grate plate and plugging plate 9 is outwelled in the lump, then the fluted body fire grate plate newly changed and plugging plate 9 are assembled.
Embodiment two
Being distinguished as of the present embodiment and embodiment one, lays water circulation system above this combustion chamber, is used in biomass boiler, and the present embodiment design steam gas production is 2 tons, combustible fuel 300kg per hour, is comparatively miniature boiler.Plugging plate 9 is not established in the groove of its fire grate plate, the plate leg 21 of fire grate plate directly with plate face 22 CONTACT WITH FRICTION of next fire grate plate, fire grate plate comprises six fixing grate plates 4 and five movable grate plates 5, air vent 10 diameter of fluted body fire grate plate is 7mm, for inclined hole, the biomass fuel diameter that this combustion chamber is selected is 9mm.Traversing carriage 6 is rod-type, and all fixing grate plates 4 and movable grate plate 5 share an air feed system, and this air feed system comprises be communicated with blower fan the overall bellows be arranged on below all fire grate plates, and be all fire grate plate air feeds, blower fan is one.Be provided with the air intake vent be communicated with the bellows of this entirety below all fire grate plates, the top of the bellows of this entirety is mated with the bottom position of all fire grate plates and fits tightly, and guarantees to leak out less, by air vent 10 directly air feed.Like this by being come by the mode to up-draught bottom burner hearth 1 for all fixing grate plates 4 and movable grate plate 5 air feed.
Embodiment three
Being distinguished as of the present embodiment and embodiment one, water circulation system is laid above this combustion chamber, be used in biomass boiler, design steam gas production is 1 ton, and combustible fuel 150kg per hour is miniature boiler, fire grate plate comprises four fixing grate plates 4 and three movable grate plates 5, air vent 10 diameter of fluted body fire grate plate is 5mm, is inclined hole, and the biomass fuel diameter that this combustion chamber is selected is 8mm.The air supply line of movable grate plate 5 is identical with embodiment one, every block fixes grate plate 4 design side air feed, for one-way lateral air feed, main pipeline 17 is arranged on the side, below of fixing grate plate 4, do not need to arrange longitudinal cavity demarcation strip in fixing grate plate 4, blower fan is one, and the air supply line of movable grate plate 5 is communicated with the main pipeline of fixing grate plate 4, and a blower fan is the air supply line air feed of all fixing grate plates 4 and movable grate plate 5 simultaneously.
Claims (19)
1. the automatic decoking combustion chamber of a firing biomass fuel, comprise the fire grate plate be located in burner hearth (1), it is characterized in that: described fire grate plate comprises movable grate plate (5) and is fixed on the fixing grate plate (4) in burner hearth (1), movable grate plate (5) movable and with fixing grate plate (4) frictional fit.
2. the automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: fixing grate plate (4) and movable grate plate (5) are alternately arranged with stepped and reduce successively to burner hearth rear portion from the fire door of burner hearth, and all movable grate plates (5) are synchronization action all.
3. the automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel according to claim 2, is characterized in that: movable grate plate (5) is connected on a traversing carriage (6) can move forward and backward by Electric Machine Control.
4. the automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: traversing carriage (6) is arranged on support wheel (12) by supporting leg (7), supporting leg (7) bottom is provided with the track (11) coordinated with support wheel (12).
5. the automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: fire grate plate comprises the metal cover board of fluted body, plate face (22) frictional fit of two plate legs (21) of metal cover board and the fire grate plate below it, the plate face (22) of fluted body metal cover board is provided with some air vents (10), below fluted body metal cover board, is provided with the air feed system that air vent (10) ventilates in burner hearth (1).
6. the automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel according to claim 5, is characterized in that: air vent (10) diameter on fire grate plate is 2mm ~ 10mm.
7. the automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: between the below of fluted body metal cover board, former and later two plate legs (21), be provided with plugging plate (9), plugging plate (9) makes the formation of fire grate intralamellar part to the cavity of burner hearth (1) interior air feed, described air feed system comprises the air supply line be connected with described cavity, and air supply line is communicated with blower fan.
8. the automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the fixing air supply line of grate plate (4) and the air supply line of movable grate plate (5) are independently arranged, the cavity of all movable grate plates (5) is all communicated with the air supply line of movable grate plate (5), the air supply line of movable grate plate (5) is provided with the airduct be flexibly connected be communicated with blower fan, air supply line and the traversing carriage (6) of movable grate plate (5) move simultaneously.
9. the automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the airduct that the air supply line of movable grate plate (5) is flexibly connected comprise fixing airduct (16) and with fixing airduct (16) activity grafting and diameter is greater than the movable wind duct (15) of fixing airduct (16), fixing airduct (16) is communicated with blower fan, and movable wind duct (15) is fixedly connected on described air supply line and moves together with movable grate plate (5); The air supply line of fixing grate plate (4) comprises main pipeline (17) is communicated with the cavity fixing grate plate (4) lateral (19) with from two ends, described main pipeline (17) is arranged on the both sides, below of fixing grate plate (4), main pipeline (17) is communicated with blower fan, and lateral (19) is connected with main pipeline (17) respectively.
10. the automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the air inlet of the air supply line of fixing grate plate (4) and movable grate plate (5) is provided with the air regulating board valve controlling air force.
The automatic decoking combustion chamber of 11. firing biomass fuel according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described air feed system comprises the bellows overall for of all fire grate plate air feeds be communicated with blower fan be arranged on below all fire grate plates.
The automatic decoking combustion chamber of 12. firing biomass fuel according to any one of claim 1 ~ 11, it is characterized in that: above the charging aperture of burner hearth (1), correspondence is provided with hopper, the discharging opening of hopper is provided with scraping wings (8).
The automatic decoking combustion chamber of 13. firing biomass fuel according to claim 12, it is characterized in that: scraping wings (8) is positioned at above the fixing grate plate (4) at the charging aperture place of burner hearth (1), scraping wings (8) and movable grate plate (5) are all connected on traversing carriage (6), scraping wings (8) and all movable grate plates (5) action together.
The automatic decoking combustion chamber of 14. firing biomass fuel according to claim 13, is characterized in that: the inner face being positioned at the fixing grate plate (4) at the charging aperture place of burner hearth (1) is provided with igniter (13).
The automatic decoking combustion chamber of 15. firing biomass fuel according to claim 12, is characterized in that: the discharging opening of hopper with scraping wings (8) wide setting and and fire grate plate width corresponding.
The automatic decoking combustion chamber of 16. firing biomass fuel according to claim 15, is characterized in that: hopper bottom is provided with dividing plate (2), and hopper is separated into the storage compartment (24) on top and the discharge chamber (3) of bottom by dividing plate (2).
The automatic decoking combustion chamber of 17. firing biomass fuel according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the blowing mouth (20) burner hearth (1) wall being provided with blowing in burner hearth (1), the direction of blowing mouth (20) is arranged according to making wind have identical direction of rotation.
The automatic decoking combustion chamber of 18. firing biomass fuel according to any one of claim 5 or 17, is characterized in that: in the passage that fires of burner hearth (1), be also provided with blowing mouth (20).
The automatic decoking combustion chamber of 19. firing biomass fuel according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that: arrange ashcan (26) outside the burner hearth (1) that last block corresponding fixes grate plate (4).
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| CN201510399533.6A CN105042604B (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2015-07-09 | The automatic decoking combustion chamber of firing biomass fuel |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106482127A (en) * | 2016-11-19 | 2017-03-08 | 无锡市智锋金属科技有限公司 | With the furnace chamber that may move fire grate |
| CN109425234A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2019-03-05 | 南京凯盛国际工程有限公司 | A kind of drawing comb board roof beam online ash removal structure |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU195682U1 (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2020-02-04 | Ооо Виротех | SCROLLING PLAN |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN105042604B (en) | 2018-05-22 |
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