CN105041592A - Heat engine with low temperature difference - Google Patents

Heat engine with low temperature difference Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105041592A
CN105041592A CN201510545429.3A CN201510545429A CN105041592A CN 105041592 A CN105041592 A CN 105041592A CN 201510545429 A CN201510545429 A CN 201510545429A CN 105041592 A CN105041592 A CN 105041592A
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chamber
heat engine
temperature difference
low
working medium
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CN201510545429.3A
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CN105041592B (en
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曹胜军
曹钰
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Taojiang Yuanli Machinery Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

A heat engine with low temperature difference comprises a casing, a flow guide mechanism, a working medium cavity, a power output mechanism, a cold source collector, a heat source collector and an electromechanical control system, wherein the part in the casing is divided into a heating cavity and a refrigeration cavity; the front end of the heat source collector is located in the heating cavity; the front end of the cold resource collector is located in the refrigeration cavity; the flow guide mechanism is mounted at the lower end inside the casing; the electromechanical control system is mounted on the outer side of the flow guide mechanism; the working medium cavity is mounted at the upper end inside the casing; the power output mechanism is mounted at the upper end of a liquid outlet of the working medium cavity. The heat engine with the low temperature difference has the advantages as follows: 1, kerosene is adopted as an expansion working medium, and the efficiency is high; 2, the heat engine is simple in structure and convenient to use; 3, the required temperature difference is small; 4, the time required by change of the working medium temperature is very short, and the power output mechanism can acquire kinetic energy immediately, so that continuity of power output is guaranteed.

Description

A kind of Low Temperature Difference heat engine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat engine, particularly a kind of Low Temperature Difference heat engine.
Background technique
The interior technology that can be converted to mechanical energy is long-standing, has produced a large amount of heat engines, as internal-combustion engine, gas turbine, steamer, steam turbine, air breathing engine etc. with this principle; This type of heat engine usually using gas as working medium, the externally acting that utilizes that when gases are heated, they expand.But there is the defects such as large in volume, noise is large in traditional heat engine, can be subject to a lot of restriction in use; As the heat engine used in motorcycle, the noise produced when it starts is comparatively large, brings serious noise pollution to resident.And some current heat engines such as Stirling engine achieves effective progress in solution noise, but these heat engines still adopt gas as working medium, the larger temperature difference (500 ~ 700 DEG C) is needed to run well, to the requirement of heating agent is very high and using scope is narrow, inefficiency.
In recent years, along with the development of technology, should be used for carrying out heat energy utilization (to low-temperature end energy enrichment method, discharging in temperature end) by heat pump techniques, can play a great role in field in life.Also the heat power generating system of pump coupled heat Rankine cycle is had, as organic matter Rankine cycle, water vapour dilatation circulation, Carnot's cycle, ammonia absorption type power refrigeration combined cycle etc.These equipment are generally bulky, complex process, inefficiency, and use value is not high.Compare Carnot Engine, efficiency exceeds much Ban Kesi heat engine (memory metal heat engine), but it is bulky, and output power is low, is only limitted to Exhibition hall at present and shows and laboratory research.
Can produce as body volume is large owing to utilizing gas as working medium, need the problems such as the temperature difference is large, at present, there is the report of many heat engines about utilizing expansion of liquids to do work, as CN104265501A discloses a kind of liquid heat engine, by heating liquid working substance, working medium is expanded externally do work, efficiently solve heat engine noise large, volume is large, the problem that the demand temperature difference is large, but still there is the problem of following several respects in this method: 1, heating equipment heats working medium, cooling unit cools working medium, and heating equipment and cooling unit are when carrying out heating and cooling to working medium, it is longer that Temperature of Working changes the time needed, make power take-off can not obtain kinetic energy immediately, cause its motion discontinuous, use inconvenience, 2, the temperature difference that this mode needs remains unchanged comparatively large (30 ~ 50 DEG C), 3, this mode inefficiency, heat energy loss amount is large, 4, structure is more complicated, needs many pipeline monitor to inject expansion tank.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art and provide that a kind of Low Temperature Difference drives, efficiency is high, Temperature of Working changes fast, the simple heat engine of structure.
Technological scheme of the present invention is: a kind of Low Temperature Difference heat engine, comprise: housing, deflector, working fluid chamber, power take-off mechanism, low-temperature receiver collector, thermal source collector, Mechatronic control system, enclosure interior is divided into and heats chamber and refrigerating chamber, the front end of thermal source collector is placed in and heats chamber, the front end of low-temperature receiver collector is placed in refrigerating chamber, deflector is arranged on the lower end of enclosure interior, Mechatronic control system is arranged on the outside of deflector, working fluid chamber is arranged on the upper end of enclosure interior, and power take-off mechanism is arranged on the upper end of working fluid chamber liquid outlet.
Further, described deflector comprises moving runner, piston and spring; Moving runner is connected with Mechatronic control system, and the side of moving runner is provided with piston, and the side of spring is arranged on piston, and opposite side is arranged on the inside of housing.
Further, the material of described working fluid chamber is preferably thermal expansion coefficient little (expansion coefficient is negative), mechanical strength is high, heat transfer rate is fast antimony alloy material, but be not limited to antimony alloy material, working fluid chamber can have multiple liquid outlet, each liquid outlet can be different diameter, and thus the present invention can the hydraulic jack of the multiple different cylinder diameter of Supporting connectivity as single system.
Further, described working fluid chamber one end is placed on and heats in chamber, and the other end is placed in refrigerating chamber; The liquid outlet of working fluid chamber is provided with hydraulic jack, is provided with power take-off mechanism above hydraulic jack; The structure of working fluid chamber is that tubule prolongation adds heat-exchange fin, can strengthen the chamber wall area of whole working fluid chamber, thus accelerate whole heat exchanging process.
Further, described thermal source collector is arranged on and heats in chamber, and thermal source acquisition module is installed in the inside of thermal source collector; Low-temperature receiver collector is arranged in refrigerating chamber, and the inside of low-temperature receiver collector is provided with low-temperature receiver acquisition module.
Further, described Mechatronic control system is connected with the rotating axle in deflector by installation shaft.
Principle of the present invention is: enclosure interior is divided into and heats chamber and refrigerating chamber two cavitys, and heating between chamber and refrigerating chamber in the upper end of housing is connected state, and lower end is cut off by piston; Heat in chamber and thermal source collector is installed, can thermal source be gathered, and the liquid medium heated in chamber is heated, low-temperature receiver collector is installed in refrigerating chamber, can low-temperature receiver be gathered, and the liquid medium in refrigerating chamber is freezed; Heat that the medium temperature contained in chamber is high and medium temperature that is that contain in refrigerating chamber is low;
Mechatronic control system drives moving runner to rotate, and moving runner drives piston to move left and right; When piston is moved to the left, drive the lower medium of refrigerating chamber lower temperature to be moved to the left, extruding heats the higher medium of temperature in chamber, thus the medium driving the temperature that heats upper end, chamber higher moves right, and then the expansion working medium in working fluid chamber is absorbed heat, and expand; Now, expansion working medium can apply pressure to hydraulic jack, promotes hydraulic jack and moves upward thus drive power take-off mechanism to move upward.
When piston moves right, drive the medium heating chamber bottom temp higher to move right, the medium that extruding refrigerating chamber lower temperature is lower, thus drive medium that the temperature of refrigerating chamber upper end is lower to left movement, and then the expansion working medium heat release making in working fluid chamber, and shrink; Now, expansion working medium can reflux at the liquid outlet place of working fluid chamber, hydraulic jack is moved downward under the effect of the pressure thus drives power take-off mechanism to move downward.
Further, containing expansion working medium in described working fluid chamber, expansion working medium is kerosene;
Reason is: adopt the kerosene of 10L as expansion working medium, kerosene proportion is ω=0.8kg/l, then the kerosene quality m=8Kg of 10L, the specific heat capacity C=of kerosene , according to formula Q= , when the temperature of kerosene raises time, the heat Q=16800 that kerosene absorbs ; Due to the expansion coefficient of kerosene , and , then kerosene volumetric expansion , the section area on the downside of hydraulic jack is S=1 , the displacement distance of kerosene band hydraulic cylinder is h=10cm, and the pressure that hydraulic jack exports is when being 500Mpa, can calculate according to formula W=PSh, and hydraulic jack is work W=5000J when kerosene temperature raises 1 DEG C; The efficiency of whole heat engine can be calculated thus 5000/16800 ≈ 29.76%, as can be seen calculated from the above process, the efficiency of whole heat engine and the specific heat capacity C of expansion working medium and proportion ω are inversely proportional to, and with the expansion coefficient of expansion working medium be directly proportional;
Under identical condition, if expansion working medium is chosen as non-kerosene, for water, adopt the water of 10L as expansion working medium, the proportion of water is ω=1kg/l, then the quality m=10Kg of 10L, and specific heat of water holds C= , according to formula Q= , when the temperature of water raises time, the heat Q=43000 that water absorbs ; Due to the expansion coefficient of water , and , then water volume expands , the section area on the downside of hydraulic jack is S=1 , the displacement distance of water-band hydraulic cylinder is h=2cm, and the pressure that hydraulic jack exports is when being 500Mpa, can calculate according to formula W=PSh, and hydraulic jack is work W=1000J when coolant-temperature gage raises 1 DEG C; The efficiency of whole heat engine can be calculated thus 1000/43000 ≈ 2.3%;
Similarly, if select mercury as expansion working medium, the proportion of mercury is ω=13.58kg/l, then the mercury quality m=135.8Kg of 10L, the specific heat capacity C=of mercury , according to formula Q= , when the temperature of mercury raises time, the heat Q=19012 that mercury absorbs ; Due to the expansion coefficient of mercury , and , then mercury volumetric expansion , the section area on the downside of hydraulic jack is S=1 , the displacement distance of mercury band hydraulic cylinder is h=1.82cm, and the pressure that hydraulic jack exports is when being 500Mpa, can calculate according to formula W=PSh, and hydraulic jack is work W=910J when mercury temperature raises 1 DEG C; The efficiency of whole heat engine can be calculated thus 910/19012 ≈ 4.78%;
Similarly, if select alcohol as expansion working medium, the proportion of alcohol is ω=0.8kg/l, then the alcohol quality m=8Kg of 10L, the specific heat capacity C=of alcohol , according to formula Q= , when the temperature of alcohol raises time, the heat Q=19300j of alcohol absorption; Due to the expansion coefficient of alcohol , and , then alcohol by volume expands , the section area on the downside of hydraulic jack is S=1 , the displacement distance of alcohol band hydraulic cylinder is h=11cm, and the pressure that hydraulic jack exports is when being 500Mpa, can calculate according to formula W=PSh, and hydraulic jack is work W=5500J when alcohol temperature raises 1 DEG C; The efficiency of whole heat engine can be calculated thus 5500/19300 ≈ 28.5%;
Therefore, adopt kerosene as expansion working medium, in liquid most preferably, the efficiency of whole heat engine can be made to reach optimum.
The present invention compared with prior art has following features: 1, adopt kerosene as expansion working medium, can ensure that whole heat engine has larger efficiency, thus decrease the loss of energy; 2, the present invention only adopts a housing to meet heat transfer, many pipelines are not needed to connect, structure is simple, easy to use, and volume of the present invention is little, work can be carried out as autonomous system, also according to user's request, as separate small unit, any large scale system can be combined into, can also by the automatic control of motor and hydraulic pressure, composition Multi-leg mobile platform; 3, the present invention externally does work higher than overcoming mechanical self friction when 1 DEG C in the temperature difference, and the temperature difference of needs is very little; 4, the present invention adopts the high medium of piston movement band dynamic temperature and the low medium of temperature mutually to move, and makes Temperature of Working change the time needed very short, ensures that power take-off mechanism can obtain kinetic energy immediately, thus ensure that the continuity of Power output.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, detailed construction of the present invention is further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-be structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2-be side view of the present invention.
1-housing, 2-deflector, 3-working fluid chamber, 4-power take-off mechanism, 5-low-temperature receiver collector, 6-thermal source collector, 7-Mechatronic control system, 11-heat chamber, 12-refrigerating chamber, 21-moving runner, 22-piston, 23-spring, 31-expansion working medium, 32-hydraulic jack, 51-low-temperature receiver acquisition module, 61-thermal source acquisition module, 71-installation shaft.
Embodiment
As shown in drawings: a kind of Low Temperature Difference heat engine, comprising: housing 1, deflector 2, working fluid chamber 3, power take-off mechanism 4, low-temperature receiver collector 5, thermal source collector 6, Mechatronic control system 7;
The inside of housing 1 is divided into and heats chamber 11 and refrigerating chamber 12 two cavitys, and heating between chamber 11 and refrigerating chamber 12 in the upper end of housing 1 is connected state, is cut off by piston 22 in the lower end of housing 1; Heat in chamber 11 and thermal source collector 6 is installed, can thermal source be gathered, and the liquid medium heated in chamber 11 is heated, low-temperature receiver collector 5 is installed in refrigerating chamber 12, can low-temperature receiver be gathered, and the liquid medium in refrigerating chamber 12 is freezed; Heat that the medium temperature contained in chamber 11 is high and medium temperature that is that contain in refrigerating chamber 12 is low; As preferably, in the present embodiment, thermal source collector 6 is the condenser of heat pump, and low-temperature receiver collector 5 is the vaporizer of heat pump;
Thermal source collector 6 is arranged on and heats in chamber 11, and the inside of thermal source collector 6 is provided with the thermal source acquisition module 61 for gathering thermal source; Low-temperature receiver collector 5 is arranged in refrigerating chamber 12, and the inside of low-temperature receiver collector 5 is provided with the low-temperature receiver acquisition module 51 for gathering low-temperature receiver;
Deflector 2 is arranged on the lower end of housing 1, comprises moving runner 21, piston 22 and spring 23; One end of piston 22 is connected with moving runner 21, and the other end is connected with spring 23, and spring 23 is arranged on the lower end of housing 1 inwall;
Mechatronic control system 7 is connected with moving runner 21 axle in deflector 2 by installation shaft 71;
Working fluid chamber 3 one end is placed on the upper end heating chamber 11, and the other end is placed on the upper end of refrigerating chamber 12; The structure of working fluid chamber 3 is that tubule prolongation adds heat-exchange fin, the chamber wall area of whole working fluid chamber can be strengthened, thus accelerate whole heat exchanging process, working medium, the liquid outlet of 3 is provided with hydraulic jack 32, be provided with power take-off mechanism 4 above hydraulic jack 32, hydraulic jack 32 moves up and down for propulsion power output mechanism 4; Containing expansion working medium 31 in working fluid chamber 3, expansion working medium 31 is kerosene.
Working principle of the present invention and using method are: Mechatronic control system 7 drives moving runner 21 to rotate, and moving runner 21 drives piston 22 to move left and right; When piston 22 is moved to the left, drive the lower medium of refrigerating chamber 12 lower temperature to be moved to the left, extruding heats the medium that in chamber 11, temperature is higher, thus the medium driving the temperature that heats upper end, chamber 11 higher moves right, and then the expansion working medium 31 in working fluid chamber 3 is absorbed heat, and expand; Now, expansion working medium 31 can apply pressure to hydraulic jack 32, promotes hydraulic jack 32 and moves upward thus drive power take-off mechanism 4 to move upward.
When piston 22 moves right, drive the medium heating chamber 11 lower temperature higher to move right, the medium that extruding refrigerating chamber 12 lower temperature is lower, thus drive medium that the temperature of refrigerating chamber 12 upper end is lower to left movement, and then expansion working medium 31 heat release making in working fluid chamber 3, and shrink; Now, expansion working medium 31 can reflux at the liquid outlet place of working fluid chamber 3, hydraulic jack 32 is moved downward under the effect of the pressure thus drives power take-off mechanism 4 to move downward.
Adopt the kerosene of 10L as expansion working medium, utilize the present invention to do work, the efficiency value calculation method obtained is as follows: kerosene proportion is ω=0.8kg/l, then the kerosene quality m=8Kg of 10L, the specific heat capacity C=of kerosene , according to formula Q= , when the temperature of kerosene raises time, the heat Q=16800 that kerosene absorbs ; Due to the expansion coefficient of kerosene , and , then kerosene volumetric expansion , the section area on the downside of hydraulic jack is S=1 , the displacement distance of kerosene band hydraulic cylinder is h=10cm, and the pressure that hydraulic jack exports is when being 500Mpa, can calculate according to formula W=PSh, and hydraulic jack is work W=5000J when kerosene temperature raises 1 DEG C; The efficiency of whole heat engine can be calculated thus 5000/16800 ≈ 29.76%.
The present invention compared with prior art has following features: 1, adopt kerosene as expansion working medium, can ensure that whole heat engine has larger efficiency, thus decrease the loss of energy, in embodiment the present invention can be coupled existing Energy Efficiency Ratio be 2 ~ 6 heat pump heat energy acquisition technique, thus improve efficiency further; 2, the present invention only adopts a housing to meet heat transfer, many pipelines are not needed to connect, structure is simple, easy to use, and volume of the present invention is little, work can be carried out as autonomous system, also according to user's request, as separate small unit, any large scale system can be combined into, can also by the automatic control of motor and hydraulic pressure, composition Multi-leg mobile platform; 3, the present invention externally does work higher than overcoming mechanical self friction when 1 DEG C in the temperature difference, and the temperature difference of needs is very little; 4, the present invention adopts the high medium of piston movement band dynamic temperature and the low medium of temperature mutually to move, and makes Temperature of Working change the time needed very short, ensures that power take-off mechanism can obtain kinetic energy immediately, thus ensure that the continuity of Power output.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned mode of execution, if do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention to various change of the present invention or distortion, if these are changed and distortion belongs within claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies scope, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these changes and distortion.

Claims (7)

1. a Low Temperature Difference heat engine, comprise: housing (1), deflector (2), working fluid chamber (3), power take-off mechanism (4), low-temperature receiver collector (5), thermal source collector (6), Mechatronic control system (7), it is characterized in that: housing (1) inside is divided into and heats chamber (11) and refrigerating chamber (12), the front end of thermal source collector (6) is placed in and heats chamber (11), the front end of low-temperature receiver collector (5) is placed in refrigerating chamber (12), deflector (2) is arranged on the inner lower end of housing (1), Mechatronic control system (7) is arranged on the outside of deflector (2), working fluid chamber (3) is arranged on the inner upper end of housing (1), power take-off mechanism (4) is arranged on the upper end of working fluid chamber (3) liquid outlet.
2. Low Temperature Difference heat engine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: containing expansion working medium (31) in described working fluid chamber (3), expansion working medium (31) is kerosene.
3. Low Temperature Difference heat engine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described deflector (2) comprises moving runner (21), piston (22) and spring (23); Moving runner (21) is connected with Mechatronic control system (7), and the side of moving runner (21) is provided with piston (22), and the side of spring (23) is arranged on piston (22), and opposite side is arranged on the inside of housing (1).
4. Low Temperature Difference heat engine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described working fluid chamber (3) one end is placed on and heats in chamber (11), and the other end is placed in refrigerating chamber (12); The liquid outlet of working fluid chamber (3) is provided with hydraulic jack (32), and hydraulic jack (32) top is provided with power take-off mechanism (4).
5. Low Temperature Difference heat engine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described thermal source collector (6) is arranged on and heats in chamber (11), and the inside of thermal source collector (6) is provided with thermal source acquisition module (61); Low-temperature receiver collector (5) is arranged in refrigerating chamber (11), and the inside of low-temperature receiver collector (5) is provided with low-temperature receiver acquisition module (51).
6. Low Temperature Difference heat engine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described Mechatronic control system (7) is connected with moving runner (21) axle in deflector (2) by installation shaft (71).
7. Low Temperature Difference heat engine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the material of described working fluid chamber (3) is antimony alloy material.
CN201510545429.3A 2015-08-31 2015-08-31 A kind of Low Temperature Difference heat engine Active CN105041592B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4107928A (en) * 1975-08-12 1978-08-22 American Solar King Corporation Thermal energy method and machine
JPS60125777A (en) * 1983-12-11 1985-07-05 Tsutae Takeda Heat pipe type reciprocating heat engine
CN1229171A (en) * 1998-03-16 1999-09-22 代玉林 Temperature difference type heat engine
US20030230087A1 (en) * 2002-06-18 2003-12-18 Farouk Dakhil Liquid metal/liquid nitrogen power plant for powering a turbine or any use device
CN104265501A (en) * 2014-09-12 2015-01-07 徐承飞 Liquid heating machine and power output device
CN204984750U (en) * 2015-08-31 2016-01-20 曹胜军 Low temperature -difference heat engine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4107928A (en) * 1975-08-12 1978-08-22 American Solar King Corporation Thermal energy method and machine
JPS60125777A (en) * 1983-12-11 1985-07-05 Tsutae Takeda Heat pipe type reciprocating heat engine
CN1229171A (en) * 1998-03-16 1999-09-22 代玉林 Temperature difference type heat engine
US20030230087A1 (en) * 2002-06-18 2003-12-18 Farouk Dakhil Liquid metal/liquid nitrogen power plant for powering a turbine or any use device
CN104265501A (en) * 2014-09-12 2015-01-07 徐承飞 Liquid heating machine and power output device
CN204984750U (en) * 2015-08-31 2016-01-20 曹胜军 Low temperature -difference heat engine

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Effective date of registration: 20190614

Address after: 413400 18 e-commerce industrial parks in Taojiang Economic Development Zone, Yiyang City, Hunan Province

Patentee after: Taojiang Yuanli Machinery Technology Co., Ltd.

Address before: 413400 Dahan Road Business Hall of China Unicom, 34 Dahan Road, Taohua Jiang Town, Taojiang County, Yiyang City, Hunan Province

Patentee before: Cao Shengjun