CN105041439A - 排气弯管 - Google Patents

排气弯管 Download PDF

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CN105041439A
CN105041439A CN201510192411.XA CN201510192411A CN105041439A CN 105041439 A CN105041439 A CN 105041439A CN 201510192411 A CN201510192411 A CN 201510192411A CN 105041439 A CN105041439 A CN 105041439A
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flange
guide plate
shell
inner casing
exhaust elbow
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CN105041439B (zh
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M·韦格纳
E·格鲁斯曼
U·菲舍尔
T·戈克尔
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/102—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F01N13/1811—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N13/1816—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration the pipe sections being joined together by flexible tubular elements only, e.g. using bellows or strip-wound pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/105—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having the form of a chamber directly connected to the cylinder head, e.g. without having tubes connected between cylinder head and chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F01N13/1811—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F01N13/1827—Sealings specially adapted for exhaust systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1838—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly characterised by the type of connection between parts of exhaust or silencing apparatus, e.g. between housing and tubes, between tubes and baffles
    • F01N13/1844—Mechanical joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1872—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the assembly using stamp-formed parts or otherwise deformed sheet-metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1888—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the housing of the assembly consisting of two or more parts, e.g. two half-shells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/10—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for avoiding stress caused by expansions or contractions due to temperature variations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/20—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for heat or sound protection, e.g. using a shield or specially shaped outer surface of exhaust device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/22—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by welding or brazing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2530/00—Selection of materials for tubes, chambers or housings
    • F01N2530/02—Corrosion resistive metals
    • F01N2530/04—Steel alloys, e.g. stainless steel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于安装在内燃机气缸盖上的排气弯管(1)。该排气弯管包括具有多个进入开口(3、4、5)和一个排出开口(6)的壳体(2)。该壳体具有内壳(7)和外壳(8)，外壳在形成间隙(9)的情况下包围内壳并且内壳在气缸盖侧配置有导流板(10)，在导流板中设有所述进入开口。在进入开口的圆周侧在导流板上一体地伸出导流机构(11、12、13)。外壳在其气缸盖侧的边缘(15)上具有向外翻转的法兰(16)。该法兰贴靠在导流板上并且与导流板材料锁合地气密地接合并且内壳在气缸盖侧贴靠在导流板上，该内壳浮动地设置在外壳中。在法兰的与导流板相对置的外侧(18)上设有凸缘体(19)。

Description

排气弯管
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于安装在内燃机气缸盖上的排气弯管。
背景技术
排气弯管是燃烧动力机械、尤其是机动车内燃机的排气装置的一个构件。排气弯管直接固定在内燃机的气缸盖上，用于使从各个气缸排出的废气汇集在一起并将其引向废气排放口。因此排气弯管常常又称为排气歧管/排气总管。
通过US5729975A已知的一种气隙绝缘的排气弯管属于现有技术。该排气弯管具有内管系统和隔开距离地包围内管系统的外壳以及入口法兰和出口法兰。DE10102637A1也公开了一种用于引导废气的排气弯管。该排气弯管具有在那里构造为内壳的内管系统，该内壳被外壳包围，从而在内壳和外壳之间形成气隙。在废气进入侧上设有带进入开口的入口法兰。在排气弯管的中间区段上，经由入口法兰流入的废气汇集到一个共同的出口法兰上。
EP2207950B1公开了一种气隙绝缘的排气弯管，该排气弯管主要包括三个部件：外壳、内壳和可固定在内燃机气缸盖上的法兰。外壳和内壳分别构造成罩形的并且分别具有环绕的凸缘，外壳凸缘与法兰连接并且内壳凸缘夹紧在外壳凸缘与法兰之间。为了实现该夹紧，在内壳凸缘上成形有多个结节状或波浪形的凸鼓部，所述凸鼓部点状支撑在外壳凸缘和/或法兰上。
EP1206631B1公开了一种排气弯管，其具有用于接纳来自气缸盖的废气的排气总管壳体，该排气弯管具有设置在排气总管壳体和气缸盖之间的密封装置。排气总管壳体这样地设有凹口，以便该排气总管壳体可经由紧固件直接与气缸盖连接，在此，在排气总管壳体和气缸盖之间可能产生由热效应所引起的运动。在此，在外部系统或者说排气总管壳体与气缸盖之间的附加密封装置和通过紧固件实现的固定是昂贵的。
另外，通过DE10359073A1已知的一种排气弯管也属于现有技术，该排气弯管由外体和两件式构造的内体所组成。在此，两件式的内体这样固定在一个法兰上，使得部分内体容纳在法兰的卷边中，该法兰用作固定支座。
EP1389267B1公开了一种气隙绝缘的排气弯管，该排气弯管基于导气通道的薄壁和排气总管壳体与导气通道之间的气隙之故，会从废气中吸收较少的热量。为此，排气弯管由许多单个构件组成，它们应实现改善的热去耦。
DE10359062A1还示出另一种罩式弯管，其包括一个总管和至少一个罩。在此，总管两件式地由两个半壳组成，所述半壳被罩完全包封，通过使用至少两个软质密封件应该能在高的运行温度下也保持构件的功能性。
薄壁构造的排气弯管的优点在于：可改善热质量并因此改善在冷启动后设置于下游的催化器的响应特性。另外，气隙绝缘的排气弯管的优点在于：通过气隙的绝缘作用减小了废气在前往催化器路径上的热损失，从而能够在发动机冷启动后快速地加热或者说达到催化器的运行温度。
总地来说力求在结构上简化已知结构型式的排气弯管。在此方面遇到的特别挑战是：排气弯管的结构部件在运行中所承受的高温和温度波动以及由此引起的机械负荷和与此有关的对密封性和耐久性的要求。
发明内容
基于现有技术，本发明的任务在于：在功能上改进排气弯管，同时保证简单的构造结构。
根据本发明，该任务通过如下所述的用于内燃机排气装置的排气弯管得以解决。
具体而言，本发明提供一种用于安装在内燃机气缸盖上的排气弯管，其包括壳体，该壳体具有多个进入开口和一个排出开口并且该壳体具有内壳和外壳，所述外壳在形成间隙的情况下包围所述内壳并且所述内壳在气缸盖侧配置有导流板，在所述导流板中设有所述进入开口，在所述导流板上的进入开口的圆周侧构造有导流机构并且所述外壳在其气缸盖侧的边缘上具有向外翻转的法兰，该法兰贴靠在所述导流板上并且与所述导流板材料锁合地气密地接合，其特征在于，所述内壳在气缸盖侧贴靠在所述导流板上，该内壳浮动地设置在所述外壳中并且在所述法兰的与导流板相对置的外侧上设置有凸缘体。
根据本发明的排气弯管包括带有多个进入开口和一个排出开口的壳体。进入开口与内燃机气缸盖的气缸出口相对应。该壳体具有内壳和外壳，所述外壳在形成间隙的情况下包围内壳。该间隙可以是单纯的气隙或者是填充有绝缘材料、尤其是绝缘垫体的间隙。在内壳的朝向气缸盖的一侧上，亦即在气缸盖侧，为内壳配置有导流板。在导流板中设有所述进入开口。在圆周侧，在导流板上至少在进入开口的部分圆周上构造有导流机构。
导流机构是这样构造的，使得废气通过内壳以小的流动阻力转向或者说被引导。基于定向的废气引导而减小了排气背压。来自气缸盖的废气流被定向地导入内壳中、转向并被汇集地送往排出开口。
外壳在其气缸盖侧的边缘上具有向外翻转的法兰。外壳借助该法兰贴靠在导流板上并且与导流板材料锁合地气密地接合。在法兰的与导流板相对置的外侧上设有凸缘体。该凸缘体从外侧被套到外壳上面或外壳周围并且箍住该外壳。凸缘体尤其是环绕地并且全表面地贴靠在法兰上。凸缘体的强度/厚度大于导流板并且还大于它与外壳的法兰之和。优选地，凸缘体的壁厚大于导流板的壁厚和外壳的法兰的壁厚。在一种有益的实用实施方式中，导流板的壁厚为1.2mm至1.5mm。内壳的壁厚直至2.0mm、尤其是直至1.5mm。外壳的壁厚为1.5mm至2.0mm。外壳法兰的壁厚也为1.5mm至2.0mm。凸缘体的壁厚为5mm并且因此大于外壳法兰和导流板之和。
在气缸盖侧，排气弯管壳体的密封性通过在导流板和外壳之间的接合来实现。导流板和外壳材料锁合地、气密地彼此接合。外壳法兰和导流板尤其是彼此焊接。凸缘体设置在外侧上。可以松动地套上凸缘体并借助紧固件将其固定。凸缘体也可在外侧固定在法兰上，尤其是通过焊接技术定位焊接在法兰上。
内壳整体浮动地设置在外壳中。内壳在气缸盖侧贴靠在导流板上。
特别有利的是，凸缘体一体地并且沿法兰环绕地构造。凸缘体因此具有一种环状造型并且以其开口套到壳体的外壳上并且贴靠于法兰的外侧。
在凸缘体、法兰和导流板中设有彼此对应的安装孔。借助紧固件、尤其是螺栓(其穿过安装孔)，将排气弯管拧紧在内燃机的气缸盖上。这可以在导流板与内燃机的气缸盖之间加入密封装置的情况下进行。
特别有益的是，在内壳和外壳之间的间隙中加入绝缘材料。绝缘材料尤其是涉及纤维材料。优选采用预成形的壳状绝缘垫体形式的绝缘材料，其被挤压地安装在内壳和外壳之间。绝缘垫体用作弹簧或弹簧单元(或者说起到弹簧/弹簧单元的作用)并且将内壳压紧到导流板上。在此绝缘垫体支撑在外壳上。
导流机构材料一致地一体地从导流板上伸出或者说成形出来。这一点优选可以在制作流入开口时进行。在此，导流机构以冲制翻孔(Durchzug)的形式从导流板成形出来。
外壳具有排出接管。出口法兰气密地材料锁合地接合在外壳的排出接管上。通过出口法兰，排气弯管与接于下游的排气装置部件、如涡轮增压器或涡轮增压器壳体或者排气管路相连接。
本发明的另一方面在于，内壳具有排出接管。内壳的排出接管至少有一段伸入外壳的排出接管中。优选地，内壳的排出接管以其伸入排出接管中的纵向区段在内侧贴靠于外壳的排出接管中。当然，内壳的排出接管不在内侧贴靠于外壳的排出接管中的实施方式也是可能的。
内壳的排出接管也可自由移动地设置在外壳的排出接管中。通过设置在外壳与内壳之间的绝缘材料，内壳便保持就位。基于运行产生的温度或温度变化所引起的长度改变或形状改变在系统中得到补偿。
根据本发明的排气弯管在功能上得以改进，构造结构简单、经济合理且在安装技术方面也是有益的。该排气弯管的特征还在于其轻质结构方式。排气弯管在内燃机气缸盖上的安装通过安装系统进行，该安装系统包括导流板的外侧边缘区域、外壳的法兰和凸缘体。凸缘体提供了用于使排气弯管稳定安装在气缸盖上所需质量的最重要部分。另外还以可靠且简单的方式确保了系统的密封性，而在壳体和导流板之间并不需要昂贵的密封装置。
附图说明
下面参考附图中图示的实施例详细说明本发明。附图如下：
图1为根据本发明的排气弯管的侧视图；
图2为根据图1图示的排气弯管的纵剖视图；
图3为排气弯管的各构件分解开来彼此相离的图示；
图4为排气弯管的横剖视图；
图5为排气弯管的底视图；
图6为排气弯管的导流板的透视图；
图7为排气弯管在出口法兰区域中的横剖视图。
具体实施方式
借助图1至7的图示描述了一种根据本发明的用于内燃机排气装置的排气弯管1。该排气弯管1安置或者说安装在机动车中的在此未示出的内燃机气缸盖上。
排气弯管1包括壳体2，该壳体具有多个进入开口3、4、5和一个排出开口6。壳体2包括内壳7和外壳8。外壳8在形成间隙9的情况下包围内壳7。在内壳7的气缸盖侧设置有导流板10。在导流板10上构造所述进入开口3、4、5。在进入开口3、4、5的圆周侧设有从导流板10伸向壳体2内部的悬伸部形式的导流机构11、12、13。导流机构11、12、13将来自气缸出口的、经由进入开口3、4、5流入的废气汇集在内壳7的内部空间14中并且将废气流定向地导向排出开口6方向。
外壳8在其气缸盖侧的边缘15上具有向外翻转的环绕的法兰16。该法兰16贴靠在导流板10上并且环绕地、材料锁合地通过焊缝17与导流板10气密地接合。该接合尤其是借助激光焊接发热地进行。
在法兰16的与导流板10相对置的外侧18上设置有凸缘体19。该凸缘体一体式构造并且本身闭合地沿着法兰16环绕外壳8延伸。凸缘体19可以固定在法兰16上，尤其是以焊接技术定位焊接在法兰16上。也可以在凸缘体19和法兰16之间实施一种环绕的连续的焊接。
在内壳7和外壳8之间的间隙9中加入有绝缘材料20。该绝缘材料20构造为预制的壳状绝缘垫体21。该绝缘垫体21具有匹配于外壳8或内壳7的内轮廓或外轮廓的造型设计。绝缘材料20不仅具隔音特性而且具有隔热特性。
导流机构11、12、13材料一致地一体地从导流板10伸出。基于导流机构11、12、13的轮廓，进入开口3、4、5从导流板10朝向导流机构11、12、13的端部逐渐变细。这一点有利地影响内壳7中的流动条件和在从进入开口3、4、5向排出开口6转向时定向的废气流。
图4示出：内壳7在其气缸盖侧的边缘22上具有向外翻转的凸缘23。借助该凸缘23，内壳7立于导流板10上。这一点也可由图7清楚地看到。还可看出：导流机构11、12、13向内伸入内壳7中。在图4中另外还可看出：导流机构13在内侧接触内壳7，使得可通过导流机构13来实现内壳7的方位取向。
外壳8具有排出接管24。排出开口6设置于外壳8的排出接管24中。出口法兰25气密地材料锁合地接合在排出接管24上，尤其是密封地焊接在排出接管24上。出口法兰25用来连接排气弯管1与接于下游的排气装置结构部件。
尤其是在图7中可见：内壳7也具有排出接管26。内壳7的排出接管26在内侧贴靠于外壳8的排出接管24中。尤其是，内壳7的排出接管26密封地贴靠在外壳8的排出接管24的内周上，但却可运动，从而该排出接管26可以沿着内周移动。
在凸缘体19、法兰16和导流板10中设有彼此对应的安装孔27。通过螺栓形式的紧固件(其穿过安装孔27中并被拧入气缸盖中的螺纹孔内)，排气弯管1可以固定并夹紧在内燃机气缸盖上。
该排气弯管1的特征在于其基于轻质结构方式而具备的较小重量。外壳8和导流板10构成外部系统，该外部系统气密地通过焊接而连接。由于借助导流板10中的导流机构11、12、13将废气流从气缸盖转向或者说定向引导到内壳7中，因此产生较小的背压或者说减小了排气背压。
附图标记列表
1排气弯管
2壳体
3进入开口
4进入开口
5进入开口
6排出开口
7内壳
8外壳
9间隙
10导流板
11导流机构
12导流机构
13导流机构
14内壳7的内部空间
15外壳8的边缘
16法兰
17焊缝
18法兰16的外侧
19凸缘体
20绝缘材料
21绝缘垫体
22内壳7的边缘
23凸缘
24外壳8的排出接管
25出口法兰
26内壳7的排出接管
27安装孔

Claims (9)

1.用于安装在内燃机气缸盖上的排气弯管，包括壳体(2)，该壳体具有多个进入开口(3、4、5)和一个排出开口(6)并且该壳体具有内壳(7)和外壳(8)，所述外壳(8)在形成间隙(9)的情况下包围所述内壳(7)并且所述内壳(7)在气缸盖侧配置有导流板(10)，在所述导流板中设有所述进入开口(3、4、5)，在所述导流板(10)上的进入开口(3、4、5)的圆周侧构造有导流机构(11、12、13)并且所述外壳(8)在其气缸盖侧的边缘(15)上具有向外翻转的法兰(16)，该法兰(16)贴靠在所述导流板(10)上并且与所述导流板(10)材料锁合地气密地接合，其特征在于，所述内壳(7)在气缸盖侧贴靠在所述导流板(10)上，该内壳(7)浮动地设置在所述外壳(8)中并且在所述法兰(16)的与导流板(10)相对置的外侧(18)上设置有凸缘体(19)。
2.根据权利要求1的排气弯管，其特征在于，所述外壳(8)的法兰(16)和所述导流板(10)是彼此焊接的。
3.根据权利要求1或2的排气弯管，其特征在于，所述凸缘体(19)固定在所述法兰(16)上。
4.根据权利要求1至3至少之一的排气弯管，其特征在于，所述凸缘体(19)一体地并且沿所述法兰(16)环绕地构造。
5.根据权利要求1至4至少之一的排气弯管，其特征在于，在所述凸缘体(19)、所述法兰(16)和所述导流板(10)中设有彼此对应的安装孔(27)。
6.根据权利要求1至4至少之一的排气弯管，其特征在于，在所述内壳(7)和所述外壳(8)之间的间隙(9)中加入有绝缘材料(20)。
7.根据权利要求1至6至少之一的排气弯管，其特征在于，所述导流机构(11、12、13)材料一致地成一体地从导流板(10)伸出。
8.根据权利要求1至7至少之一的排气弯管，其特征在于，所述外壳(8)具有排出接管(24)并且一出口法兰(25)与该排出接管(24)气密地材料锁合地接合。
9.根据权利要求8的排气弯管，其特征在于，所述内壳(7)具有排出接管(26)并且该内壳(7)的排出接管(26)伸入所述外壳(8)的排出接管(24)中。
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