CN105018101A - Mixed eluant for synchronously removing polychlorinated biphenyl and heavy metals in soil and its preparation method and use - Google Patents
Mixed eluant for synchronously removing polychlorinated biphenyl and heavy metals in soil and its preparation method and use Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of polluted soil restoration and discloses a mixed eluant for synchronously removing polychlorinated biphenyl and heavy metals in soil and its preparation method and use. The mixed eluant is prepared by dissolution of active ingredients of saponin and Tween 80 in water. The mixed eluant is used for restoration of soil polluted by polychlorinated biphenyl and heavy metals. In use, the soil polluted by polychlorinated biphenyl and heavy metals is taken, and the polluted soil is mixed with the eluant and is eluted so that restoration of soil polluted by polychlorinated biphenyl and heavy metals is realized. The mixed eluant has a wide raw material source, has a low price, is environmentally friendly, has good elution effects and high elution efficiency and has a multi-ingredient polluted soil elution rate of 80% or more.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil pollution recovery technique field, be specifically related to mixtures of eluents and the preparation and application thereof of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal.
Background technology
The world today has entered an informationization, intelligentized epoch, and electronic product and equipment are weeded out the old and bring forth the new, updated, and causes more and more old electronic product and equipment to be dropped superseded, thus forms the electronic waste of flood tide.In electronic waste, comprise various circuit card, electronic original part, plastic casing etc., and electron device comprises multiple noble metal component, so the pollutant kind in electronic waste is very many.In the disassembling of electronic waste, burning process, the heavy metals such as the copper in electronic waste, lead, cadmium and the persistent organism entered environment such as polychlorobiphenyl (PCBs), Poly Brominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs), make to disassemble the pollution simultaneously in the Soil Surrounding of place with heavy metal and hydrophobic organic compound at electronic waste, make the ecotope of surrounding and human health be subject to serious impact.
Along with the fast development of economy, the speed that China's electron wastes produces is very surprising.According to the report that 2010 United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)s issue, China has become second-biggest-in-the-world electronic waste producing country.Due to the imperfection of technology and equipment, China is also in the elementary stage for the process of electronic waste at present, at electronic wastes such as Guangdong Gui Yu, Qingyuan City seriously pollutedly, some individual workships of family take simple manual disassembling method for discarded electronic product and equipment, replace metal with acidic liquid, the as easy as rolling off a log electronic waste that causes of such method disassembles place environmental pollution again.There is research display, disassemble in the soil of place at electronic waste, PCBs concentration range is 3.34 ~ 458mg/kg, far beyond normal background value (0.42mg/kg), and the content of heavy metal Cu, Pb, Cd reaches 4850.6mg/kg, 1714.5mg/kg and 10.5mg/kg respectively, considerably beyond three grades of Soil standards that national standard of soil environment quality (GB15618-1995) specifies.
For electronic waste contaminated soil, its Pollutant levels are relatively high, usually use the method for chemical removal to repair it.Chemical removal technology repairing polluted soil is by complexing action and acid-soluble effect, heavy metal (Cu, Pb, Cd etc.) is made to transfer to liquid phase leacheate from the soil of solid phase, again by solublization and the effect of crispaturaing, the hydrophobic organic pollutant (PCBs, PBDEs etc.) be adsorbed on soil is made to get off from desorb soil and be assigned in aqueous phase.Conventional tensio-active agent has polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (tween-80), octyl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether (triton x-100), Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), sodium lauryl sulphate (SDS), cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB), beta-cyclodextrin etc., conventional heavy metal chelant has ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (EDTA), citric acid, tartrate etc., however these eluents often can only for hydrophobic organic compound or heavy metal wherein a kind of pollutent play removal effect.The Chinese invention patent application being 201210257460.3 as application number discloses a kind of contaminated site groundwater treatment-soil heterotopic drip washing reparation integral method, wherein applies negatively charged ion, nonionogenic tenside or both mixed surfactants and carries out Transformatin to DDT, the BaP in soil; The Chinese invention patent application of application number 201410158901.3 discloses a kind of elution process of heavy-metal contaminated soil, adopts sour eluent to mix with heavy-metal contaminated soil, pollutes with removal heavy metal.At present conventional eluent handling object is single, is difficult to the synchronous wash-out realizing heavy metal and hydrophobic organic compound, so need exploitation further can the compound eluent of synchronously wash-out heavy metal and hydrophobic organic compound.
There is the tensio-active agent that some structures are comparatively special, as saponin, rhamnolipid, Surfactin etc. in the betaines tensio-active agent in amphoterics and imidazolines tensio-active agent, bio-surfactant, their structure is comparatively complicated, existing surface-active function, all there is carboxyl in the molecule simultaneously, complex compound can be formed with heavy metal.This kind of tensio-active agent can realize the synchronous wash-out of heavy metal and hydrophobic organic compound in theory.
In addition, also have a kind of method to be eluent mixing according to a certain percentage by two or more, realize the synchronous wash-out of heavy metal and hydrophobic organic compound.Can be the combination of tensio-active agent and sequestrant, also can be the combination of two kinds of tensio-active agents.
Few with the research of the synchronous wash-out of polychlorobiphenyl for combined contamination soil heavy metal at present, be necessary the efficient eluent of further development of new.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the shortcoming and defect part of above prior art, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is the mixtures of eluents providing a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal.
Another object of the present invention is to the preparation method of the mixtures of eluents that above-mentioned synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal are provided.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the mixtures of eluents of above-mentioned synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A mixtures of eluents for synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal, is prepared from by the effective constituent comprising saponin and tween 80 (TW-80) is soluble in water.
In described mixtures of eluents, the concentration of saponin is 5 ~ 20g/L, and the concentration of tween 80 is 5 ~ 20g/L; The concentration of preferred saponin is 12g/L, and the concentration of tween 80 is 10g/L.
Described effective constituent also comprises citric acid; The concentration of citric acid is 2 ~ 10g/L, is preferably 5g/L.
Saponin, be made up of sapogenin and sugar, uronic acid or other organic acids, can form the general designation that the aqueous solution or colloidal solution also can form the plant glucosides of saponaceous foam, be a kind of bio-surfactant, can be used as emulsifying agent, washing composition.
Tween 80, being polyoxyethylene (20)-sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester, is a kind of nonionic surface active agent, can be used as emulsifying agent, washing composition.
Citric acid, natural organic acids, has another name called Citric Acid, chemical name 2-hydroxy propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, is a kind of conventional efficient heavy sequestrant.
The preparation method of the mixtures of eluents of above-mentioned synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal, comprise following preparation process: get saponin, tween 80 and citric acid and be added to the water, after fully dissolving, synchronously removed the mixtures of eluents of PCBs in Soil and heavy metal.
The mixtures of eluents of above-mentioned synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal is repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil.
Described application process is preferably as follows: get the combined contamination soil containing polychlorobiphenyl and heavy metal, add the synchronous mixtures of eluents removing PCBs in Soil and heavy metal and carry out wash-out, the reparation to polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil can be completed.
In described polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, the concentration containing polychlorobiphenyl is 11.79mg/kg, and the concentration of copper is 5021.63mg/kg, and plumbous concentration is 2092.39mg/kg, and the concentration of cadmium is 52.86mg/kg.
Preferably, the add-on of described mixtures of eluents is: add 2 × 10 in combined contamination soil per ton
4l mixtures of eluents.
Described wash-out refers to and carry out vibration wash-out 0.5 ~ 24h under pH is the condition of 3 ~ 7; It is preferably the wash-out 6 hours of vibrating under the condition of 5 at pH.
Preparation method of the present invention and the product tool obtained have the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) mixtures of eluents of the present invention heavy metal and polychlorobiphenyl can realize synchronous wash-out, and compares and use the elute effect of single eluent greatly to improve;
(2) eluting rate of mixtures of eluents of the present invention to the heavy metal Cu in combined contamination soil, Pb, Cd and polychlorobiphenyl can reach 88.32%, 82.75%, 94.89% and 80.56% respectively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the elution rate profiles of mixtures of eluents to polychlorobiphenyl in contaminated soil and heavy metal of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the elution rate profiles of mixtures of eluents to polychlorobiphenyl in contaminated soil and heavy metal of the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 3 is the elution rate profiles of mixtures of eluents to polychlorobiphenyl in contaminated soil and heavy metal of the embodiment of the present invention 3;
Fig. 4 is the elution rate profiles of mixtures of eluents to polychlorobiphenyl in contaminated soil and heavy metal of the embodiment of the present invention 4;
Fig. 5 is the elution rate profiles of mixtures of eluents to polychlorobiphenyl in contaminated soil and heavy metal of the embodiment of the present invention 5;
Fig. 6 be the mixtures of eluents of the embodiment of the present invention 7 under different pH condition to contaminated soil in the elution rate profiles of polychlorobiphenyl and heavy metal.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
In following examples, heavy metal concentration measures by the following method:
Get 5mL supernatant liquor in 20ml volumetric flask, add distilled water and be settled to scale marks, pour in sample bottle after shaking up, measure the concentration of Cu, Pb, Cd in solution with atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
The concentration of polychlorobiphenyl measures by the following method: get 10ml supernatant liquor in 30ml glass centrifuge tube, add 20mL extraction agent (normal hexane: acetone=9:1, V:V), after covering tightly with teflon gasket lid, put into the isothermal vibration incubator that temperature is 25 DEG C (± 2 DEG C), 6 hours are shaken with the rotating speed of 150r/min, centrifugal 20min (3500r/min), get supernatant liquor 1mL in chromatogram bottle, measure the concentration of the polychlorobiphenyl in elutriant with GC-MS.
Measure employing 3 parallel, replace above-mentioned supernatant liquor as blank with the distilled water of 20ml.
Embodiment 1
The tween 80 getting saponin and different amount is added to the water respectively, obtains the mixtures of eluents of saponin concentration is 5g/L, the concentration of tween 80 is respectively 5g/L, 8g/L, 10g/L, 15g/L and 20g/L synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal after fully dissolving.
The mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment is repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, and detailed process is as follows:
(concentration of polychlorobiphenyl is 11.79mg/kg to take 1g polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, the concentration of copper is 5021.63mg/kg, plumbous concentration is 2092.39mg/kg, the concentration of cadmium is 52.86mg/kg) in 30mL glass centrifuge tube, add above-mentioned mixtures of eluents 20mL respectively, adjust ph is 5, after covering tightly with teflon gasket lid, put into the isothermal vibration incubator that temperature is 25 DEG C (± 2 DEG C), after shaking 24 hours with the rotating speed of 150r/min, centrifugal 20min (3500r/min), separation of supernatant, complete the reparation to polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil.
Measure the concentration of polychlorobiphenyl in supernatant liquor and heavy metal, calculate eluting rate, and compare as the eluting rate of eluent and theoretical value with independent saponin solution, result is (in figure, dotted line represents the theoretical value of eluting rate) as shown in Figure 1.
As seen from Figure 1: when in mixtures of eluents, the concentration of saponin is fixed as 5g/L, along with the increase of TW-80 concentration, the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd is not significantly increased, and theoretical value and actual value are the states of remaining basically stable, illustrate that TW-80's adds the complexing action that can't affect saponin and heavy metal-polluted soil in mixtures of eluents.The eluting rate of PCBs then increases along with the concentration increase of TW-80, and the theoretical value of PCBs eluting rate is less than actual value, and after this illustrates that saponin mixes with TW-80, the wash-out for PCBs has mutual promoting action.This is because when being used alone TW-80, due to the effect of tensio-active agent and soil particle, the TW-80 of part is adsorbed on soil particle surface, fully can not carry out wash-out to PCBs.After TW-80 mixes with saponin, saponin is owing to carrying out complexing action with heavy metal, separate from soil particle, then jointly form micella in the solution with TW-80 again, more TW-80 is impelled to depart from soil particle, on the one hand, better reduce oil-water interfacial tension, PCBs is more easily removed; On the other hand, when PCBs molecule enters into the micella that TW-80 and saponin formed, by the distributional effects of micella to PCBs, improve its solubleness in aqueous phase, thus cause the wash-out of PCBs to be removed.
Embodiment 2
The tween 80 getting saponin and different amount is added to the water respectively, obtains the mixtures of eluents of saponin concentration is 10g/L, the concentration of tween 80 is respectively 5g/L, 8g/L, 10g/L, 15g/L and 20g/L synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal after fully dissolving.
The mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment is repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, and embody rule process is as embodiment 1.
Measure the concentration of polychlorobiphenyl in supernatant liquor and heavy metal, calculate eluting rate, and compare as the eluting rate of eluent and theoretical value with independent saponin solution, result is (in figure, dotted line represents the theoretical value of eluting rate) as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 3
The tween 80 getting saponin and different amount is added to the water respectively, obtains the mixtures of eluents of saponin concentration is 12g/L, the concentration of tween 80 is respectively 5g/L, 8g/L, 10g/L, 15g/L and 20g/L synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal after fully dissolving.
The mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment is repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, and embody rule process is as embodiment 1.
Measure the concentration of polychlorobiphenyl in supernatant liquor and heavy metal, calculate eluting rate, and compare as the eluting rate of eluent and theoretical value with independent saponin solution, result is (in figure, dotted line represents the theoretical value of eluting rate) as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 4
The tween 80 getting saponin and different amount is added to the water respectively, obtains the mixtures of eluents of saponin concentration is 15g/L, the concentration of tween 80 is respectively 5g/L, 8g/L, 10g/L, 15g/L and 20g/L synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal after fully dissolving.
The mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment is repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, and embody rule process is as embodiment 1.
Measure the concentration of polychlorobiphenyl in supernatant liquor and heavy metal, calculate eluting rate, and compare as the eluting rate of eluent and theoretical value with independent saponin solution, result is (in figure, dotted line represents the theoretical value of eluting rate) as shown in Figure 4.
By Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 can find out: when in mixtures of eluents, the concentration of saponin is fixed as 10g/L, during 12g/L and 15g/L, the eluting rate of heavy metal constantly increases along with the increase of saponin concentration, no matter but saponin concentration is how many, adding of TW-80 affects heavy metal Cu all hardly, Pb, the eluting rate change of Cd, Cu, theoretical value and the actual value of the eluting rate of Pb all remain basically stable, but for Cd, theoretical value is greater than actual value, this is because when only having TW-80, due to the existence of hydroxyl, TW-80 energy wash-out sub-fraction Cd, but after TW-80 mixes with saponin, then cause washing out of Cd primarily of the carboxyl of saponin molecule and the complexing action of Cd, and the eluting rate obtaining Cd is substantially consistent with the eluting rate of Cd when being used alone saponin under same concentration.For the eluting rate of PCBs, when TW-80 concentration is less than or equal to 10g/L, the eluting rate of PCBs increases very fast, and amplification is larger, and the actual value of PCBs eluting rate and the difference of theoretical value increasing, illustrate that TW-80 and saponin are directly more and more obvious to the mutual promoting action of the wash-out of PCBs; And when TW-80 concentration is greater than 10g/L, the actual value of PCBs eluting rate is still greater than theoretical value, but the difference of actual value and theoretical value is more and more less, illustrate this time TW-80 and saponin between mutual promoting action reduce gradually, meanwhile, the eluting rate of PCBs also tends to balance gradually.
Embodiment 5
The tween 80 getting saponin and different amount is added to the water respectively, obtains the mixtures of eluents of saponin concentration is 20g/L, the concentration of tween 80 is respectively 5g/L, 8g/L, 10g/L, 15g/L and 20g/L synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal after fully dissolving.
The mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment is repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, and embody rule process is as embodiment 1.
Measure the concentration of polychlorobiphenyl in supernatant liquor and heavy metal, calculate eluting rate, and compare as the eluting rate of eluent and theoretical value with independent saponin solution, result is (in figure, dotted line represents the theoretical value of eluting rate) as shown in Figure 5.
As seen from Figure 5: when in mixtures of eluents, the concentration of saponin is fixed as 20g/L, eluting rate for heavy metal is similar to situation during above-mentioned concentration, and the eluting rate to PCB, when TW-80 concentration is less than or equal to 10g/L, the eluting rate of PCBs increases very fast, amplification is comparatively large, but the actual value of PCBs eluting rate and the difference of theoretical value more and more less, TW-80 and saponin directly weaken gradually to the mutual promoting action of the wash-out of PCBs; And when TW-80 concentration is greater than 10g/L, PCBs eluting rate tends to balance gradually, and actual value is less than theoretical value, illustrate under this concentration proportioning, restraining effect is there is each other in saponin and TW-80 for the wash-out of PCBs, this is because the concentration of two kinds of tensio-active agents is all too high, makes tensio-active agent be partial to be adsorbed on soil particle surface, is unfavorable for its wash-out for PCBs.
Embodiment 6
Get saponin, the citric acid of tween 80 and different amount is added to the water respectively, after fully dissolving, obtain that saponin concentration is 12g/L, tween 80 concentration 10g/L and citric acid concentration be respectively the synchronous removal PCBs in Soil of 2g/L, 5g/L, 8g/L and 10g/L and the mixtures of eluents of heavy metal.
The mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment is repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, and embody rule process is as embodiment 1.
Polychlorobiphenyl in mensuration supernatant liquor and the concentration of heavy metal, calculate eluting rate, and compare with the eluting rate of the eluent not adding citric acid, result is as shown in table 1.
The eluting rate result of the eluent of table 1 different concns citric acid
| Concentration | 0g/L | 2g/L | 5g/L | 8g/L | 10g/L |
| Cu | 54.35％ | 77.61％ | 87.86％ | 94.12％ | 97.38％ |
| Pb | 61.13％ | 71.84％ | 82.52％ | 83.26％ | 85.97％ |
| Cd | 86.33％ | 91.58％ | 94.83％ | 97.08％ | 99.33％ |
| PCBs | 80.27％ | 80.59％ | 80.51％ | 80.63％ | 80.65％ |
As can be seen from table 1 result: along with adding of citric acid, for mixtures of eluents on the not impact of the elute effect of PCBs, this is due to citric acid because molecule carbon chain is short, and has multiple carboxyl, is extremely hydrophilic, does not show activity.And for the eluting rate of Cd, the concentration along with citric acid increases and increases, but the amplitude of lifting is little, and tend to balance soon, but eluting rate is high, when citric acid concentration is increased to 10g/L, Cd eluting rate is close to 100%.For the eluting rate of Cu and Pb, not having citric acid to deposit in case, mainly due to the complexing action of saponin, and the eluting rate of Pb is greater than the eluting rate of Cu, illustrates that saponin is better than Cu for the elute effect of Pb; And after adding citric acid, when organic acid mixes with tensio-active agent, more promote the release of heavy metal-polluted soil, thus the eluting rate of Cu and Pb has increase, and there is certain solubility in acid and complexing action due to citric acid, therefore have better elute effect for the main Cu existed with Acid extractable form, the eluting rate of Cu increases along with citric acid concentration and constantly increases; For Pb eluting rate then due to its residual form and oxidable state form exist more, therefore when citric acid concentration is from 5g/L to 10g/L, the eluting rate of Pb tends to balance.
When citric acid concentration is greater than 5g/L, except the eluting rate increasing degree of Cu is larger, eluting rate for Pb and Cd improves very small, PCBs eluting rate is had no effect, so consider wash-out cost, when the concentration that the present embodiment is 12g/L, TW-80 when the concentration of saponin is 10g/L, the concentration of citric acid is 5g/L, 87.86%, 82.52%, 94.83% and 80.51% is respectively to the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd and PCBs, all reaches 80%.
Embodiment 7
Get saponin, tween 80 and citric acid to be added to the water respectively, after fully dissolving, obtain that saponin concentration is 12g/L, tween 80 concentration is 10g/L and citric acid concentration is the synchronous removal PCBs in Soil of 5g/L and the mixtures of eluents of heavy metal.
The mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment is repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, and detailed process is as follows:
(concentration of polychlorobiphenyl is 11.79mg/kg to take 1g polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, the concentration of copper is 5021.63mg/kg, plumbous concentration is 2092.39mg/kg, the concentration of cadmium is 52.86mg/kg) in 30mL glass centrifuge tube, add above-mentioned mixtures of eluents 20mL respectively, adjust ph is 3 respectively, 4, 5, 6 and 7, after covering tightly with teflon gasket lid, put into the isothermal vibration incubator that temperature is 25 DEG C (± 2 DEG C), after shaking 24 hours with the rotating speed of 150r/min, centrifugal 20min (3500r/min), separation of supernatant, complete the reparation to polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil.
Polychlorobiphenyl in mensuration supernatant liquor and the concentration of heavy metal, calculate eluting rate, result as shown in Figure 6.
As seen from Figure 6: when pH from 3 to 5 time, the eluting rate of mixtures of eluents to Cu, Pb, Cd does not have considerable change, and when pH from 5 to 7 time, the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd obviously declines, pH is from 5 to 7, the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd drops to 52.64%, 59.41%, 45.27% from 88.32%, 82.75%, 94.89% respectively, this change is due to when solution partial neutral, heavy metal is hydrolyzed, be unfavorable for and saponin and citric acid generation complexing action, therefore eluting rate obviously declines.And it is same, when pH from 3 to 5 time, the eluting rate of PCBs does not have considerable change yet, but when pH from 5 to 7 time, the eluting rate of PCBs declines a little, pH drops to 68.33% from the eluting rate of 5 to 7, PCBs from 80.56%, and this is due within the scope of this pH, be unfavorable for the release of heavy metal-polluted soil and the complexing action of heavy metal, therefore saponin is adsorbed in soil particle surface, is unfavorable for forming micella with TW-80, thus the eluting rate of PCBs is declined.
When the concentration that the present embodiment is 12g/L, TW-80 when the concentration of saponin is 10g/L, the concentration of citric acid is 5g/L, wash-out pH is 5,89.93%, 83.50%, 96.23% and 81.04% is respectively to the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd and PCBs.
Embodiment 8
Get saponin, tween 80 and citric acid to be added to the water respectively, after fully dissolving, obtain that saponin concentration is 12g/L, tween 80 concentration is 10g/L and citric acid concentration is the synchronous removal PCBs in Soil of 5g/L and the mixtures of eluents of heavy metal.
The mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment is repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, and detailed process is as follows:
(concentration of polychlorobiphenyl is 11.79mg/kg to take 1g polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, the concentration of copper is 5021.63mg/kg, plumbous concentration is 2092.39mg/kg, the concentration of cadmium is 52.86mg/kg) in 30mL glass centrifuge tube, add above-mentioned mixtures of eluents 20mL respectively, adjust ph is 5, after covering tightly with teflon gasket lid, put into the isothermal vibration incubator that temperature is 25 DEG C (± 2 DEG C), respectively with the rotating speed of 150r/min concussion wash-out 0.5h, 1h, 2h, 4h, 6h, after 12h and 24h, centrifugal 20min (3500r/min), separation of supernatant, complete the reparation to polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil.
Polychlorobiphenyl in mensuration supernatant liquor and the concentration of heavy metal, calculate eluting rate, result is as shown in table 2.
The eluting rate result of the different elution time of table 2
| Time (h) | 0.5 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 12 | 24 |
| Cu | 72.41％ | 76.29％ | 84.13％ | 88.07％ | 88.32％ | 89.56％ | 89.93％ |
| Pb | 53.22％ | 67.27％ | 75.35％ | 81.68％ | 82.75％ | 83.28％ | 83.50％ |
| Cd | 81.45％ | 89.64％ | 93.29％ | 94.54％ | 94.89％ | 96.11％ | 96.23％ |
| PCB | 56.87％ | 65.32％ | 73.19％ | 78.25％ | 80.56％ | 80.88％ | 81.04％ |
As can be seen from Table 2: after wash-out half an hour, eluting rate for Cu, Pb, Cd and PCBs just reaches certain level, the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd and PCBs is respectively 72.41%, 53.22%, 81.45% and 56.87%, within this time, what mainly wash out is three heavy metal species of the Acid extractable form easily removed, and for the wash-out of PCBs, because two kinds of tensio-active agents are also adsorbed in soil particle surface, also mutually do not form micella, therefore the eluting rate of PCBs is also not high.And along with elution time increase, from 0.5 to 2 hours, each pollutent eluting rate increased sharply, and now, the heavy metal of reducible state is also washed out gradually, and two kinds of tensio-active agents start to depart from soil particle surface formation micella, promote the wash-out of PCBs.2 to 6 hours, each pollutent eluting rate gathers way and slows down, within 6 to 24 hours, then substantially tend to balance, now, oxidable state and residual form heavy metal is more difficult washes out, and the complexing action of saponin weakens, and starts to trend towards being adsorbed on soil particle, then be unfavorable for forming micella with TW-80, thus the eluting rate of PCBs gathers way and slows down.
Because the eluting rate increase rate of each pollutent is very little after 6 hours, consider wash-out cost, the concentration that the present embodiment is 12g/L, TW-80 when the concentration of saponin is 10g/L, the concentration of citric acid is 5g/L, wash-out pH is 5, elution time is 6 hours, is respectively 88.32%, 82.75%, 94.89% and 80.56% to the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd and PCBs.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the synchronous mixtures of eluents removing PCBs in Soil and heavy metal, is characterized in that: be prepared from by the effective constituent comprising saponin and tween 80 is soluble in water.
2. the mixtures of eluents of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil according to claim 1 and heavy metal, it is characterized in that: the concentration of described saponin is 5 ~ 20g/L, the concentration of tween 80 is 5 ~ 20g/L.
3. the mixtures of eluents of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil according to claim 2 and heavy metal, it is characterized in that: the concentration of described saponin is 12g/L, the concentration of tween 80 is 10g/L.
4. the mixtures of eluents of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil according to claim 1 and heavy metal, is characterized in that: described effective constituent also comprises citric acid, and the concentration of citric acid is 2 ~ 10g/L.
5. the mixtures of eluents of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil according to claim 4 and heavy metal, is characterized in that: the concentration of described citric acid is 5g/L.
6. the preparation method of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil described in claim 4 or 5 and the mixtures of eluents of heavy metal, it is characterized in that comprising following preparation process: get saponin, tween 80 and citric acid and be added to the water, after fully dissolving, synchronously removed the mixtures of eluents of PCBs in Soil and heavy metal.
7. a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil described in any one of Claims 1 to 5 and the mixtures of eluents of heavy metal are repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil.
8. the mixtures of eluents of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil according to claim 7 and heavy metal is repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, it is characterized in that described application process is as follows: get the combined contamination soil containing polychlorobiphenyl and heavy metal, add the synchronous mixtures of eluents removing PCBs in Soil and heavy metal and carry out wash-out, the reparation to polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil can be completed.
9. the mixtures of eluents of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil according to claim 8 and heavy metal is repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, it is characterized in that: in described polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, concentration containing polychlorobiphenyl is 11.79mg/kg, the concentration of copper is 5021.63mg/kg, plumbous concentration is 2092.39mg/kg, and the concentration of cadmium is 52.86mg/kg; The add-on of described mixtures of eluents is: add 2 × 10 in combined contamination soil per ton
4l mixtures of eluents; Described wash-out refers to and carry out vibration wash-out 0.5 ~ 24h under pH is the condition of 3 ~ 7.
10. the mixtures of eluents of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil according to claim 9 and heavy metal is repairing the application in polychlorobiphenyl and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, it is characterized in that: described wash-out refers to the wash-out 6 hours of vibrating under pH is the condition of 5.
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| CN201510430867.5A CN105018101B (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | Mixtures of eluents and its preparation and application of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal |
| PCT/CN2015/099287 WO2017012274A1 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-12-28 | Mixed eluant for synchronously removing polychlorinated biphenyl and heavy metals in soil, and preparation and use thereof |
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| CN201510430867.5A CN105018101B (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | Mixtures of eluents and its preparation and application of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal |
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| CN105290101A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-02-03 | 天津环科立嘉环境修复科技有限公司 | Method for restoring polychlorinated biphenyl polluted site soil |
| CN105419808A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-23 | 博天环境集团股份有限公司 | Eluting agent for repairing heavy metal polluted soil and application method thereof |
| WO2017012274A1 (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2017-01-26 | 华南理工大学 | Mixed eluant for synchronously removing polychlorinated biphenyl and heavy metals in soil, and preparation and use thereof |
| CN108640742A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of organic matter has both the repairing fertiliser of heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN108941177A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-12-07 | 江西夏氏春秋环境股份有限公司 | It is a kind of for repairing the eluent and its application method of Cu, Pb, As combined contamination soil |
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| CN105419808A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-23 | 博天环境集团股份有限公司 | Eluting agent for repairing heavy metal polluted soil and application method thereof |
| CN105290101A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-02-03 | 天津环科立嘉环境修复科技有限公司 | Method for restoring polychlorinated biphenyl polluted site soil |
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| CN112521949A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-03-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Heavy metal soil leaching composition containing organic acid, application thereof and heavy metal soil remediation method |
| CN111575020A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-08-25 | 代彦霞 | Remediation agent and method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil by using same |
| CN116549908A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-08-08 | 无锡华光环保能源集团股份有限公司 | Eluent for wet milling and eluting heavy metals in waste incineration fly ash and eluting method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2017012274A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 |
| CN105018101B (en) | 2018-06-19 |
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