CN107057710A - A kind of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent, preparation method, application method and method for treating waste liquid - Google Patents
A kind of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent, preparation method, application method and method for treating waste liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN107057710A CN107057710A CN201710154896.2A CN201710154896A CN107057710A CN 107057710 A CN107057710 A CN 107057710A CN 201710154896 A CN201710154896 A CN 201710154896A CN 107057710 A CN107057710 A CN 107057710A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent, preparation method, application method and method for treating waste liquid.The eluent is that the humic acid being prepared from raw materials such as coals elutes medicament, is applied to administer and repairing heavy metal pollution farmland and industrial and mineral place by soil mode of washing.The Soil leaching agent of the present invention has the advantages that removal efficiency of heavy metals is high, new pollutant is not introduced, secondary pollution is not caused.The present invention extracts from the materials such as the weathered coal rich in humic acid and obtains active humic acid as the washing medicament of heavy metal-polluted soil, and with quick lime cheap and easy to get, white lime or the discarded object rich in calcium hydroxide effectively remove or Recycling of waste liquid in heavy metal, with clean result is good, Small side effects, cost is low, do not produce the advantages such as secondary pollution, adds the practicality of washing technology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil remediation technology field, more particularly to a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent, preparation method is used
Method and method for treating waste liquid, the eluent are that the humic acid being prepared from raw materials such as coals elutes medicament, pass through soil
Mode of washing is applied to administer and repairing heavy metal pollution farmland and industrial and mineral place.
Background technology
Heavy metal pollution of soil has become one of serious environmental problem of China, and derives food-safety problem.
What 2014 Environmental Protection Departments and Ministry of Land and Resources announced《National Soil Pollution Investigation publication》Show：National soil environment shape
Condition is totally pessimistic, and some areas soil pollution is heavier, and arable soil environmental quality causes anxiety, and industry and mining discarded ground soil environment is asked
Topic is protruded.The problem of exceeded digit of inorganic pollution accounts for the 82.8% of all super punctuation bits, the wherein heavy metal such as cadmium is more dashed forward
Go out.Only " cadmium rice " event, relates to multiple provinces and cities such as Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian.In May, 2016, State Council printed and distributed
《Soil Pollution Control action plan》, it is distinctly claimed：To the year two thousand twenty, national soil pollution aggravates trend and tentatively contained,
Soil environment quality totally keeps stable, and farming land and construction land safety of soil environment obtain basic guarantee, soil environment wind
Danger obtains basic management and control, promotes remediation contaminated soil with repairing Key Common Technologies research, researches and develops high efficiency, low cost functional material
(medicament).
It is method once and for all that heavy metal, which is removed from contaminated soil,.Wherein, Soil leaching can be quickly by a huge sum of money
Belong to the improvement that pollutant removes from soil, completes contaminated soil in a short time, be a kind of more common technology.Soil leaching
Technology is to utilize to elute medicament by ADSORPTION STATE, organic complex state, ferrimanganic hydrous oxide and a carbonate combine state huge sum of money in soil
Category desorbs, dissolves and extract, and permanently reduces the content of heavy metal in soil.The use of suitable elution medicament is soil
The successful key of recovery technique.In actual applications, Soil leaching agent should meet following condition：(1) heavy metal has
Higher clearance；(2) obvious influence is not caused on the productivity and ecological functions of soil；(3) it is cheap；(4) do not draw
Enter new pollutant；(5) ring waste can be handled cost-effectively, not cause secondary pollution.
Existing Soil leaching medicament mainly has several major classes：(1) using chelating agents such as ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acids (EDTA) as activity
The eluent of composition, such as：Utilize heavy metal Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd method (application number in EDTA calcium salt washeds off soil
201610046852.3), a kind of method (application number of Microwave Irradiation Assisted Chemical elution repairing heavy metal pollution place soil
201310049354.0)；(2) using inorganic acid as the eluent of active component, such as：Heavy metal pollution place Soil leaching reparation side
Method and equipment (application number 201310225512.3)；(3) using organic acid as the eluent of active component, such as：For repairing a huge sum of money
Belong to contaminated soil elution medicament and ELUTION METHOD (application number 201510222779.6), a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil activator and its
Preparation method (application number 201410426231.9)；(4) using inorganic salts as the eluent of active component, such as Japanese scholars are herded open country and known
Seminar develop FeCl3、CaCl2Deng；(5) with more than two kinds in chelating agent, acid, oxidant, reducing agent, inorganic salts, mineral
Compound eluent based on composition, such as：A kind of electronation is combined the side of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal with chemical leaching
Method (application number：201310589728.8)(NH2OHHCl+EDTA), a kind of chemical oxidation reinforcing chemical leaching remediating heavy metal
Method (application number 201410276446.7) (the EDTA+ Fenton reagents FeSO of contaminated soil4+H2O2), one kind be used for heavy metal and
The chemical leaching repairing method (application number 200810198394.0) (EDTA+ oxalic acid+KI) of arsenic mercury contaminated soil, one kind is used for weight
Chemical leaching repairing method (application number 201110334587.6) (EDTA+Na of metallic pollution soil2S), it is a kind of to be used to repair
Composite chemical ELUTION METHOD (application number 201310302660.0) (FeCl of heavy-metal contaminated soil3+ citric acid, malic acid or
Tartaric acid), a kind of method (application number of utilization chemical leaching and deep layer fixing combining technology restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal
200910040403.8) (citric acid+EDTA+KCl), go in removing heavy metals leached soil solutions material of lead and preparation method thereof with
Using (application number 201010229992.7) (EDTA+ iron-baseds bentonite).
Although existing Soil leaching medicament has certain effect, the elution for being previously noted 5 conditions is met simultaneously
Agent not yet occurs at home, significantly limit the application of elution technique.EDTA subject matter be it is difficult in the environment decompose,
Easily cause pollution, price higher；Inorganic acid and inorganic salts (FeCl3) subject matter be themselves or its conversion product
Have highly acid, destroy the productivity and ecological functions of soil；Oxidizing and Reducing Agents can before target heavy metal is acted on quilt
The organic matter and iron and manganese oxides enriched in soil is consumed, and increases substantially cost, and wound can be also caused to Soil Microorganism
Evil；Organic acid is easily neutralized, adsorbed by the mineral in soil, it is necessary to which very big dosage just can be effective, and cost is higher；It is compound to drench
Lotion is in addition to inheriting the shortcoming of each component, and mutual consumption also between component and the problems such as using complex process is actual
Using also having any problem.Domestic existing Soil leaching pharmaceutical techniques seldom refer to the huge sum of money for how reclaiming and handling in ring waste
Category, has lacked a most important ring in elution technique, further limit their practical application.Therefore, develop efficient, honest and clean
Valency, the Soil leaching agent being had no side effect to soil and ring waste treatment technology are《Soil Pollution Control action plan》In implementation
In the urgent need to address the problem of.
Humic acid is the general name of the natural organic matters such as humic acid, fulvic acid, by come from biomass relatively small molecule (200-
3000Da) formed through the aggregation of faint active force, form micella (Theng and Yuan, 2008.Elements, 4 in the solution:
395-399).They are both organic acid and chelating agent or surfactant, are the desirable feedstocks for preparing Soil leaching agent.
Humic acid outward appearance is in black or sepia, is widely present in the natural environments such as soil, deposit, water body.Their energy and clay
The stable Organo-Mineral Aggregates Isolated of mineral formation, plays chesson, protects the effect such as retaining part, improved soil physicochemical property, be
The material base of soil ecology function.Humic acid contains various nutrient elements, can slowly be discharged in growing process for planting
Thing is absorbed.For heavy metal contaminated soil remediation, the functional group such as humic acid abundant carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl group is most important,
They can combine to form complex compound with divalence and polyvalent metal.Therefore, liquid humic acid can as heavy metal carrier
They are removed from soil, lowers the content of heavy metal-polluted soil, reduce its harm.
The content of the invention
It is described the invention provides a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent, preparation method, application method and method for treating waste liquid
Eluent is the humic acid elution medicament being prepared from using coal as raw material, is applied to administer and repairs by soil mode of washing
Heavy metal pollution farmland and industrial and mineral place.
A kind of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent, active component is alkali soluble humic acid, by the alkali compounds aqueous solution from
The humic acid is activated and extracted in material rich in humic acid, and the content of humic acid is higher than critical micelle concentration (CMC).
Further, during the alkali compounds aqueous solution is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide aqueous solution
One or more, during the material rich in humic acid is weathered coal, lignite, sludge, peat or the matured compost of drying and crushing
One or more.
The preparation method of above-mentioned heavy metal-polluted soil eluent, comprises the following steps：
Step (1), will be enriched in humic acid material air-dry grind, cross 2-mm sieve it is standby；
Step (2), the material that step (1) is obtained is according to 1:2~1:100 quality:Volume (gram:Milliliter) ratio is added to
In the 0.01~1.0M alkali compounds aqueous solution, mixture is heated up to 30~100 under conditions of stirring or gap concussion
DEG C kept for 1-6 hour to activate and extract alkali solubility humus；
Step (3), the mixture that step (2) is obtained carries out solid and liquid separation with press filtration, centrifugation or natural subsidence mode,
Obtained liquid humic acid is retained standby；
Step (4), by step (3) produce solid residue mixed with the alkali compounds aqueous solution, repeat step (2) and
(3) at least one times, and by the liquid humic acid obtained every time mix；
Step (5), 105 DEG C of drying of humic acid that step (4) is obtained to constant weight, is dissolved in 0.1M NaCl aqueous solution configuration
Into the Soil leaching agent that concentration is 0.36 ± 0.01g/L.
Further, step (2), the material that step (1) is obtained is according to 1:5~1:20 quality:Volume (gram:Milliliter)
Than being added in the 0.01~1.0M alkali compounds aqueous solution.
Further, during the alkali compounds aqueous solution is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide aqueous solution
One or more, during the material rich in humic acid is weathered coal, lignite, sludge, peat or the matured compost of drying and crushing
One or more.
The application method of above-mentioned heavy metal-polluted soil eluent：Contaminated soil is crushed, sieved, with heavy metal-polluted soil eluent
With quality:Volume (gram:Milliliter) compare 1:The mode of 3-100 concussions or soaking and stirring washs heavy-metal contaminated soil 2-16 hours,
Soil is separated with ring waste with centrifugation, press filtration or natural subsidence mode.
Further, contaminated soil is crushed, sieved, with heavy metal-polluted soil eluent with quality:Volume (gram:Milliliter) ratio
1:The mode of 5-30 concussions or soaking and stirring washs heavy-metal contaminated soil 2-16 hours, with centrifugation, press filtration or natural subsidence side
Formula separates soil with ring waste.
The method for treating waste liquid of above-mentioned heavy metal-polluted soil eluent：Add and be rich in into the waste liquid of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent
The material of calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide, concussion or soaking and stirring 3-6 hour, then with centrifuging, filtering or natural subsidence mode
Sediment is separated with supernatant, fixed-end forces company or landfill are given after sediment is dried or dried, supernatant is confirmed
Meet and discharged after national wastewater discharge standard.
Further, the material rich in calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide is white lime, quick lime or rich in hydroxide
Ca (OH) after the discarded object of calcium, addition in mixture2Equivalent be equal to or more than the heavy metal-polluted soil eluent in carboxylic
Base and phenolic hydroxyl group sum.
The heavy metal-polluted soil eluent that the present invention is provided, can be by sandy loam of the cadmium content for 2.63mg/kg through once washing
And 1.33mg/kg silty loam is reduced to 0.22 and 0.17mgCd/kg respectively, meets《Standard of soil environment quality》.Scrub raffinate
Through Ca (OH)2Cadmium concentration is reduced to 0.03mg/L after processing, meets the wastewater discharge standard of national regulation.
The Soil leaching agent of the present invention has removal efficiency of heavy metals height, new pollutant is not introduced, secondary dirt is not caused
The advantages of dye.The present invention extracts from the materials such as the weathered coal rich in humic acid and obtains active humic acid as heavy metal-polluted soil
Medicament is washed, and is effectively removed or reclaimed with quick lime cheap and easy to get, white lime or the discarded object rich in calcium hydroxide
Heavy metal in waste liquid, with clean result is good, Small side effects, cost is low, do not produce the advantages such as secondary pollution, adds washing
The practicality of technology.This invention is more existing in terms of theoretical foundation, technical scheme, eluent type, liquid waste processing, cost performance
Some eluent technologies have obvious advantage.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is influence figure of the elution agent concentration in the present invention for Cd wash-off amounts.
Fig. 2 is the different influence figures for eluting agent concentrations for Cd wash-off amounts in embodiment two.
Fig. 3 is the relation of elution agent concentration and Cu, Cd and Pb Effect of retrograde perfusion in HN and SD soil in embodiment three.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention will be described, but the invention is not limited in this.
Embodiment one
A kind of detergent of heavy-metal contaminated soil, its active ingredient is mainly alkali soluble humic acid, specific to prepare step
It is rapid as follows：
Step (1), takes Xinjiang weathered coal and Shanxi lignite rich in humus, removes impurity removing, air-dries and grinds, and crosses 2-mm sieves
It is standby；
Step (2), the material that step (1) is obtained is according to 1:20 mass volume ratio is added in 0.1M KOH solutions,
6 hours are kept under conditions of the coal slurry of mixing is shaken in gap with activation and extracted humic acid.
Step (3), by step (2) obtain mixture stand 2 hours, with natural subsidence mode allow extraction humic acid and
Solid residue is separated, then the humic acid liquid on top is extracted.
Step (4), the solid residue of step (3) is mixed with potassium hydroxide solution, repeat step (2) and (3) totally 5
It is secondary.Each extract solution is mixed, liquid humic acid is obtained, by it in 40 DEG C of drying, levigate a, huge sum of money as of the present invention
Category elution medicament I and II.I raw material is weathered coal, and II raw material is lignite.
Step (5), obtains solid with elemental analyser (vario MICRO cube, Elementar) determination step (4) and drenches
The C element content of wash agent, in terms of dry weight percentage (w), respectively wIAnd wII.Separately sampled measure CMC, be as a result respectively
CMCIAnd CMCII.According to the C element content of humic acid, the elution of solid humic acid the medicament I and II obtained by step (4) are put respectively
In 0.1MNaCl solution, Soil leaching agent solution I and II that concentration is 0.36 ± 0.01g/L are configured to, is adjusted with watery hydrochloric acid
PH value of solution is to 3.0.
Step (7), adds 0.1MNaOH solution, pH is to 8.0 and 10.0 for regulation to eluent solution I and II sample, and
Record NaOH consumption.NaOH amounts (the V consumed according to pH value of solution by 3.0 to 8.01, mL) calculate carboxyl content；With pH by
8.0 to the 10.0 NaOH amounts (V consumed2, mL) calculate phenolic hydroxyl group content.The measure of carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl group need to using deionized water as
Blank test, deducts the NaOH consumptions V that regulation deionized water is consumed in itself.Calculation formula is as follows：
Carboxyl (COOH) mol (+)/kg C=0.1* (V1-V)/(m*w)；
Phenolic hydroxyl group (OH) mol (+)/kg C=0.1* (V2-V)/(m*w)。
M is the dry weight (g) of eluent in titration sample in formula, and w is the carbon content (%) of eluent.After measured, calculate
The carbon element content for going out soil eluent I is that 35%, CMC is 1890mg C/L, and carboxyl-content is 6.70mol (+)/kgC, phenol hydroxyl
Base content is 5.44mol (+)/kg C；Eluent II carbon element contents are that 33.3%, CMC is 2520mg C/L, and carboxyl-content is
6.23mol (+)/kg C, content of phenolic hydroxyl groups is 4.23mol (+)/kg C.As can be seen here, the elution medicament that prepared by different material coal
There is certain difference, particularly critical micelle concentration (CMC).The concentration of eluent should be higher than that CMC value during practical application, to reach
Preferably elute effect.
Embodiment two
The clean result of difference elution medicament heavy metal contaminated soil
Farmland of the contaminated soil sample near non-ferrous metals smelting works of one, Hunan Province.Heavy metal in soil Cd
(6.57mg/kg) is exceeded, and other heavy metals are not exceeded, pH=6.16, organic carbon 1.88%.The appropriate soil is taken, after air-drying
It is levigate, cross 2-mm sieves standby.Using deionized water as solvent, present invention elution medicament dissolution is configured to leacheate, concentration
It is 0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7,1.0,2,4% (mass concentration g/100mL) respectively, adjusts pH value of solution=6.0.By heavy metal pollution
Soil and leacheate press solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5(g:ML) it is sufficiently mixed in 15mL centrifuge tubes, by sample 3000r after vibrating 12 hours
min-125min is centrifuged, takes supernatant to be filtered with 0.45 μm of aqueous phase polyethersulfone membranes, is eluted and completed with atomic absorption spectrometry
When cadmium concentration.The wash-off amount that concentration calculates cadmium is completed according to the initial concentration of Cd in leacheate and elution.Each locate in experiment
Reason is respectively provided with two parallel samples.
As shown in Fig. 2 with the increase of elution agent concentration, the wash-off amount of cadmium gradually increases.That is elution agent concentration is higher, Cd
Wash-off amount it is more, residual quantity is fewer in soil.When eluent I and eluent II concentration are 4%, the cadmium concentration drop in soil
Low is 2.57 and 2.77mg/kg, and wash-off rate is up to 60.9 and 57.8%.When eluent I and II concentration are 1%, liquid-solid ratio is 30,
The concentration of Cadmium in Soil is reduced to 0.24 and 0.27mg/L respectively after once eluting, and reaches《Standard of soil environment quality》(revision) (is levied
Seek opinion original text) requirement of (GB 15618-2009).As can be seen here, eluent of the invention can be effectively by heavy metal-polluted soil
Cadmium is washed out, so as to reach the purpose of rehabilitating soil.
Embodiment three
Washability of the eluent to heavy metal in different soils is determined with batch balancing method
Two contaminated soil samples are respectively from the farmland near non-ferrous metals smelting works of one, Hunan Province and Shandong Province's cigarette
One orchard in platform city, is represented with HN and SD respectively.HN and SD soil properties and heavy metal concentration are as shown in table 1.
Form 1
Appropriate soil is taken, it is levigate after air-drying, cross 2-mm sieves standby.Using deionized water as solvent, by the pouring of the present invention
Lotion I dissolvings are configured to 0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.8,1.0,1.2,1.5% (mass concentration g/
Cleaning solution 100mL), adjusts its pH to 6.0.Heavy-metal contaminated soil and cleaning solution are pressed 1:5(g:ML) be sufficiently mixed in
In 15mL centrifuge tubes, by sample 3000rmin after vibrating 12 hours-115min is centrifuged, supernatant is taken with 0.45 μm of aqueous phase polyethers
Sulfone membrane filtration, with the concentration of Cu, Cd, Pb in atomic absorption spectrometry filtrate.According to cleaning solution using front and rear Cu,
Cd, Pb concentration difference calculate their wash-off amount.The obvious non-superstate standard of Pb concentration in Cu and SD soil in HN soil, therefore do not exist
It is discussed further in the present embodiment.Each processing is respectively provided with two parallel samples in experiment.
As shown in figure 3, the wash-off amount of heavy metal-polluted soil increases with elution agent concentration.When elution agent concentration is less than critical
During micellar concentration (CMC), i.e., 0.6%, wash-off amount is smaller.Because a part of eluent can be by soil particle (especially clay pit
Thing) absorption, therefore the concentration of eluent must can just produce best elution effect higher than CMC.HN soil passes through 1% pouring
After lotion once washing, Cd and Pb content are reduced to 0.72 and 224.12mg/kg by 1.33 and 241.59mg/kg respectively, its
Middle Pb reaches《Standard of soil environment quality》(revision) (exposure draft) (GB 15618-2009) requirement；Liquid-solid ratio is changed to
20, soil Cd content is reduced to 0.17mg/kg after once washing, reaches soil quality standard requirement.Drenched for SD soil, 1%
After lotion once washing, soil Cu and Cd content are reduced to 135.31 and 0.86mg/ by 150.68 and 2.63mg/kg respectively
Kg, wherein Cu reach《Standard of soil environment quality》(revision) (exposure draft) (GB 15618-2009) requirement；Increase liquid to consolidate
Than to 15, soil Cd content (0.22mg/kg) reaches soil quality standard requirement after washing.As can be seen here, pouring of the invention
Wash agent effectively can elute the heavy metal in soil, reduce its content, reduce plant absorption, reach soil remediation
Purpose.
Example IV
The processing of ring waste and fixed-end forces
The waste liquid 10mL produced after the eluent I of Example 2 washing soil is added in 15mL centrifuge tubes into centrifuge tube
Ca(OH)2Vibrate 2 hours afterwards.Ca(OH)2Consumption equivalent to or more than carboxyl in eluent and phenolic hydroxyl group sum.Concussion terminates
8 hours are stood afterwards, 3000rmin-115mins is centrifuged, supernatant is crossed into 0.45 μm of aqueous phase polyethersulfone membranes filtering, it is former with flame
Sub- absorption spectrometer determines Cu, Cd, Pb concentration.Add Ca (OH)2Cu, Cd, Pb concentration are substantially reduced in scrub raffinate afterwards,
Eluent is effectively precipitated, and reaches satisfied liquid waste processing effect.0.1g Ca (OH) are added in 10mL waste liquids2Afterwards, in solution
Cu concentration is reduced to 0.02mg/L by 1.21, and Cd concentration is reduced to 0.03mg/L by 0.32, and Pb concentration is by 4.46 reductions
For 0.80mg/L, the integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB 8978-1996) of national regulation is reached.Through Ca (OH)2Solid waste after processing
Thing can give the processing of solid waste company.
It is understood that above is in order to illustrate the principle of the present invention and the example of exploitativeness, not office of the invention
It is limited to this.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and substance in the present invention, can be with
All variations and modifications are made, these variations and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent, it is characterised in that active component is alkali soluble humic acid, passes through alkali compounds
The aqueous solution activates and extracted the humic acid from the material rich in humic acid, and the content of humic acid is higher than critical micelle concentration.
2. heavy metal-polluted soil eluent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the alkali compounds aqueous solution is hydrogen
One or more in potassium oxide, sodium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, the material rich in humic acid is drying and crushing
Weathered coal, lignite, sludge, peat or matured compost in one or more.
3. a kind of preparation method of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step (1), will be enriched in humic acid material air-dry grind, cross 2-mm sieve it is standby；
Step (2), the material that step (1) is obtained is according to 1:2~1:100 quality:Volume (gram:Milliliter) ratio is added to 0.01
In~1.0M alkali compounds the aqueous solution, mixture is heated up to 30~100 DEG C of guarantors under conditions of stirring or gap concussion
1-6 hour is held to activate and extract alkali solubility humus；
Step (3), the mixture that step (2) is obtained carries out solid and liquid separation with press filtration, centrifugation or natural subsidence mode, will
The liquid humic acid arrived retains standby；
Step (4), the solid residue that step (3) is produced is mixed with the alkali compounds aqueous solution, repeat step (2) and (3)
At least one times, and by the liquid humic acid obtained every time mix；
Step (5), 105 DEG C of drying of the humic acid that step (4) is obtained to constant weight, be dissolved in 0.1M the NaCl aqueous solution be configured to it is dense
Spend the Soil leaching agent for 0.36 ± 0.01g/L.
4. the preparation method of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in step (2), will walk
Suddenly the material that (1) is obtained is according to 1:5~1:20 quality:Volume (gram:Milliliter) than being added to 0.01~1.0M alkaline chemical combination
In the thing aqueous solution.
5. the preparation method of the heavy metal-polluted soil eluent according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that the alkalization
The compound aqueous solution is the one or more in potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, described rich in humic acid
Material is the one or more in weathered coal, lignite, sludge, peat or the matured compost of drying and crushing.
6. a kind of application method of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent, it is characterised in that crush contaminated soil, sieve, will with right
5 obtained heavy metal-polluted soil eluents are sought with quality:Volume (gram:Milliliter) compare 1:3-100 is shaken or the mode of soaking and stirring is washed
Wash heavy-metal contaminated soil 2-16 hours, separated soil with ring waste with centrifugation, press filtration or natural subsidence mode.
7. the application method of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent according to claim 6, it is characterised in that by contaminated soil pressure
Broken, sieving, the heavy metal-polluted soil eluent obtained with claim 5 is with quality:Volume (gram:Milliliter) compare 1:5-30 shakes or soaked
The mode of bubble stirring washs heavy-metal contaminated soil 2-16 hours, with centrifugation, press filtration or natural subsidence mode by soil with eluting
Waste liquid is separated.
8. the processing method of waste liquid is produced after a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil eluent use, it is characterised in that obtain to claim 6
Heavy metal-polluted soil eluent waste liquid in add the material rich in calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide, concussion or soaking and stirring 3-6
Hour, then sediment is separated with supernatant with centrifugation, filtering or natural subsidence mode, after sediment is dried or dried
Fixed-end forces company or landfill are given, supernatant is confirmed to meet discharge after national wastewater discharge standard.
9. the processing method of waste liquid is produced after heavy metal-polluted soil eluent use according to claim 8, it is characterised in that
The material rich in calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide is white lime, quick lime or the discarded object rich in calcium hydroxide, after addition
Ca (OH) in mixture2Equivalent be equal to or more than the heavy metal-polluted soil eluent in carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl group sum.
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| CN114309043A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-04-12 | 江南大学 | Preparation method and application of cadmium-polluted soil leacheate with biogas residues as raw materials |
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