CN105018101B - Mixtures of eluents and its preparation and application of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal - Google Patents
Mixtures of eluents and its preparation and application of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN105018101B CN105018101B CN201510430867.5A CN201510430867A CN105018101B CN 105018101 B CN105018101 B CN 105018101B CN 201510430867 A CN201510430867 A CN 201510430867A CN 105018101 B CN105018101 B CN 105018101B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to soil pollution recovery technique fields, disclose mixtures of eluents and its preparation and application of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal.The mixtures of eluents is prepared by the active ingredient for including saponin and Tween 80 is soluble in water.The mixtures of eluents can be applied to repair Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, applying step are as follows：The combined contamination soil containing Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal is taken, the mixtures of eluents for adding in the present invention is eluted, you can completes the reparation to Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil.The raw material sources of the mixtures of eluents of the present invention are extensive, cheap, environmentally protective；And elution effect is good, eluting rate is high, and more than 80% is can reach to the eluting rate of pollutant each in combined contamination soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil pollution recovery technique fields, and in particular to a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and again
The mixtures of eluents of metal and its preparation and application.
Background technology
The world today comes into an informationization, intelligentized epoch, and electronic product and equipment weed out the old and bring forth the new, update and change
Generation, cause more and more old electronic products and equipment be dropped it is superseded, so as to form the electronic waste of flood tide.In electronic waste
In, comprising various circuit boards, electronic original part, plastic shell etc., and electronic device includes a variety of noble metal components, so electronics
Pollutant kind in rubbish is very more.In disassembling, in burning process for electronic waste, the weight such as copper, lead, cadmium in electronic waste
The persistent organisms such as metal and Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) enter environment so that are torn open in electronic waste
There is the pollution of heavy metal and hydrophobic organic compound simultaneously so that the ecological environment of surrounding and the mankind are good in solution place Soil Surrounding
Health is by serious influence.
With the rapid development of economy, the speed that China's electron wastes generate is very surprising.According to 2010 united nations environments
The report of Planning Department's publication, China has become second-biggest-in-the-world electronic waste producing country.It is not perfect due to technology and equipment, I
State at present for the processing of electronic waste also in the primary stage, in Guangdong the electronic wastes such as Gui Yu, Qingyuan City seriously pollutedly,
Some individual workships of family take simple manual disassembling method for discarded electronic product and equipment, then with acidic liquid to gold
Belong into line replacement, such method is easy to that electronic waste is caused to disassemble place environmental pollution.There is studies have shown that in electronic waste
It disassembles in the soil of place, PCBs concentration ranges are 3.34~458mg/kg, far beyond normal background value (0.42mg/kg), and
Heavy metal Cu, Pb, Cd content respectively reach 4850.6mg/kg, 1714.5mg/kg and 10.5mg/kg, considerably beyond country
Three-level Soil standard as defined in standard of soil environment quality (GB15618-1995).
For electronic waste contaminated soil, pollutant concentration is relatively high, comes pair usually using the method for chemical removal
It is repaired.Chemical removal technology repairing polluted soil is by complexing and the molten effect of acid so that heavy metal (Cu, Pb,
Cd etc.) it is transferred in liquid phase leacheate from the soil of solid phase, then pass through solubilization and the effect of crispaturaing so that it adsorbs on soil
Hydrophobic organic pollutant (PCBs, PBDEs etc.) desorb and be assigned in water phase from soil.Common surface-active
Agent has polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween-80), octyl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether (triton x-100), 12
Sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), lauryl sodium sulfate (SDS), cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB), beta-cyclodextrin
Deng common heavy metal chelant has ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), citric acid, tartaric acid etc., however these eluant, eluents are often
Hydrophobic organic compound can only be directed to or heavy metal one of which pollutant plays removal.Such as application No. is
201210257460.3 Chinese invention patent application disclose a kind of elution of contaminated site groundwater treatment-soil heterotopic and repair
Integral method, wherein applying anion, nonionic surfactant or both mixed surfactant in soil
DDT, BaP are removed processing；The Chinese invention patent application of application number 201410158901.3 discloses a kind of heavy metal-polluted
The elution process of soil is contaminated, is mixed using sour eluant, eluent with heavy-metal contaminated soil, to remove heavy metal pollution removing.It is common at present to wash
De- agent process object is single, it is difficult to heavy metal elution synchronous with hydrophobic organic compound is realized, so needing further exploitation can
With synchronous elution heavy metal and the compound eluant, eluent of hydrophobic organic compound.
The surfactant for having some structures more special, such as the betaines surfactant in amphoteric surfactant
With saponin, rhamnolipid, the Surfactin in imidazolines surfactant, biosurfactant etc., their structure
It is complex, the function of existing surface-active, while all there are carboxyls in the molecule, can form complex compound with heavy metal.Reason
Heavy metal elution synchronous with hydrophobic organic compound can be realized by upper this kind of surfactant.
In addition, still an alternative is that mixing by two or more eluant, eluent according to a certain percentage, comes real
Existing heavy metal is synchronous with hydrophobic organic compound to be eluted.Can be the combination of surfactant and chelating agent or two kinds
The combination of surfactant.
It is few for the research of combined contamination soil heavy metal elution synchronous with Polychlorinated biphenyls at present, it is necessary to further
Develop new and effective eluant, eluent.
Invention content
In order to solve the disadvantage that the more than prior art and shortcoming, primary and foremost purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of synchronization
Remove the mixtures of eluents of PCBs in Soil and heavy metal.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the mixing elution of above-mentioned synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal
The preparation method of agent.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the mixing elution of above-mentioned synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal
Application of the agent in Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil is repaired.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The mixtures of eluents of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal, by including saponin and Tween 80 (TW-
80) active ingredient is soluble in water to be prepared.
In the mixtures of eluents, a concentration of 5~20g/L of saponin, a concentration of 5~20g/L of Tween 80；It is preferred that soap
A concentration of 12g/L, a concentration of 10g/L of Tween 80 of element.
The active ingredient further includes citric acid；A concentration of 2~10g/L of citric acid, preferably 5g/L.
Saponin is made of sapogenin and sugar, uronic acid or other organic acids, can form aqueous solution or colloidal solution simultaneously
The general designation of the plant glucosides of saponaceous foam can be formed, is a kind of biosurfactant, can be used as emulsifier, detergent.
Tween 80, as polyoxyethylene (20)-sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester are a kind of nonionic surface active agent, can
As emulsifier, detergent.
Citric acid, natural organic acids also known as citric acid, chemical name 2- hydroxy propanes -1,2,3- tricarboxylic acids are a kind of normal
Efficient heavy chelating agent.
The preparation method of the mixtures of eluents of above-mentioned synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal, including following preparation
Step：Saponin, Tween 80 and citric acid is taken to be added to the water, synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and again is fully obtained after dissolving
The mixtures of eluents of metal.
The mixtures of eluents of above-mentioned synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal is repairing Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal
Application in combined contamination soil.
The application process is preferably as follows：The combined contamination soil containing Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal is taken, adds in and synchronizes
The mixtures of eluents of removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal is eluted, you can is completed compound to Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal
The reparation of contaminated soil.
In the Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, a concentration of 11.79mg/kg containing Polychlorinated biphenyls,
A concentration of 5021.63mg/kg of copper, a concentration of 2092.39mg/kg of lead, a concentration of 52.86mg/kg of cadmium.
Preferably, the addition of the mixtures of eluents is：2 × 10 are added in combined contamination soil per ton4L mixing elutions
Agent.
The elution refers in pH to carry out oscillation elution 0.5~for 24 hours under conditions of 3~7；It is preferred that in the item that pH is 5
Oscillation elution 6 hours under part.
The present invention preparation method and obtained product has the following advantages that and advantageous effect：
(1) mixtures of eluents of the invention synchronous with Polychlorinated biphenyls realization to heavy metal can elute, and compared to using single
The elution effect of eluant, eluent greatly improves；
(2) elution of the mixtures of eluents of the invention to heavy metal Cu, Pb, Cd and Polychlorinated biphenyls in combined contamination soil
Rate can reach 88.32%, 82.75%, 94.89% and 80.56% respectively.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the mixtures of eluents of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is bent to the eluting rate of Polychlorinated biphenyls in contaminated soil and heavy metal
Line chart；
Fig. 2 is that the mixtures of eluents of the embodiment of the present invention 2 is bent to the eluting rate of Polychlorinated biphenyls in contaminated soil and heavy metal
Line chart；
Fig. 3 is that the mixtures of eluents of the embodiment of the present invention 3 is bent to the eluting rate of Polychlorinated biphenyls in contaminated soil and heavy metal
Line chart；
Fig. 4 is that the mixtures of eluents of the embodiment of the present invention 4 is bent to the eluting rate of Polychlorinated biphenyls in contaminated soil and heavy metal
Line chart；
Fig. 5 is that the mixtures of eluents of the embodiment of the present invention 5 is bent to the eluting rate of Polychlorinated biphenyls in contaminated soil and heavy metal
Line chart；
Fig. 6 be the embodiment of the present invention 7 mixtures of eluents under different pH condition to contaminated soil in Polychlorinated biphenyls and
The elution rate profiles of heavy metal.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
Heavy metal concentration measures by the following method in following embodiment：
5mL supernatants are taken in 20ml volumetric flasks, distilled water is added in and is settled to graduation mark, poured into sample bottle after shaking up,
The concentration of Cu, Pb, Cd in solution are measured with atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
The concentration of Polychlorinated biphenyls measures by the following method：10ml supernatants are taken in 30ml glass centrifuge tubes, are added in
20mL extractant (n-hexanes:Acetone=9:1,V:V), after being covered tightly with teflon gasket lid, be put into temperature for 25 DEG C (±
2 DEG C) isothermal vibration incubator in, shaken 6 hours with the rotating speed of 150r/min, centrifugation 20min (3500r/min) takes supernatant
Liquid 1mL measures the concentration of the Polychlorinated biphenyls in eluent with GC-MS in chromatogram bottle.
Measure is parallel using 3, and above-mentioned supernatant is replaced as blank control by the use of the distilled water of 20ml.
Embodiment 1
Saponin and different amounts of Tween 80 is taken to be added separately in water, fully a concentration of 5g/L of saponin is obtained after dissolving, spits
The concentration of temperature 80 is respectively 5g/L, 8g/L, 10g/L, 15g/L removal PCBs in Soil synchronous with 20g/L's and heavy metal
Mixtures of eluents.
Application of the mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment in Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil is repaired, specific mistake
Journey is as follows：
Weigh 1g Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil (a concentration of 11.79mg/kg of Polychlorinated biphenyls, copper it is dense
Spend for 5021.63mg/kg, a concentration of 2092.39mg/kg of lead, a concentration of 52.86mg/kg of cadmium) to 30mL glass centrifuge tubes
In, above-mentioned mixtures of eluents 20mL is separately added into, it is 5 to adjust pH value, after being covered tightly with teflon gasket lid, is put into temperature
In isothermal vibration incubator for 25 DEG C (± 2 DEG C), after being shaken 24 hours with the rotating speed of 150r/min, 20min (3500r/ are centrifuged
Min), supernatant is detached, completes the reparation to Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil.
The concentration of the Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal in supernatant is measured, calculates eluting rate, and make with individual saponin solution
Eluting rate and theoretical value for eluant, eluent are compared, and the results are shown in Figure 1 (theoretical value of dotted line expression eluting rate in figure).
As seen from Figure 1：When the concentration of saponin in mixtures of eluents is fixed as 5g/L, with the increasing of TW-80 concentration
Add, the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd are not significantly increased, and theoretical value and actual value are the states of remaining basically stable, and illustrate TW-80
Addition can't influence the complexing of saponin and heavy metal-polluted soil in mixtures of eluents.And the eluting rate of PCBs then with
The concentration of TW-80 increases and increases, and the theoretical value of PCBs eluting rates is less than actual value, this illustrates that saponin mixes it with TW-80
Afterwards, there is mutual promoting action for the elution of PCBs.This is because when TW-80 is used alone, due to surfactant and soil
The effect of earth particle, the TW-80 of part are adsorbed on soil particle surface, it is impossible to fully PCBs be eluted.As TW-80 and soap
After element mixing, saponin separates from soil particle, then exists again with TW-80 due to carrying out complexing with heavy metal
Micella is collectively formed in solution, more TW-80 is promoted to be detached from soil particle, on the one hand, preferably reduces oil-water interface
Power so that PCBs is more easy to remove；On the other hand, when PCBs molecules are entered in the micella that TW-80 and saponin are formed, pass through glue
Distributional effects of the beam to PCBs improves its solubility in water phase, so as to which the elution of PCBs be caused to remove.
Embodiment 2
Saponin and different amounts of Tween 80 is taken to be added separately in water, fully a concentration of 10g/L of saponin is obtained after dissolving, spits
The concentration of temperature 80 is respectively 5g/L, 8g/L, 10g/L, 15g/L removal PCBs in Soil synchronous with 20g/L's and heavy metal
Mixtures of eluents.
Application of the mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment in Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil is repaired, specifically should
With process such as embodiment 1.
The concentration of the Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal in supernatant is measured, calculates eluting rate, and make with individual saponin solution
Eluting rate and theoretical value for eluant, eluent are compared, and the results are shown in Figure 2 (theoretical value of dotted line expression eluting rate in figure).
Embodiment 3
Saponin and different amounts of Tween 80 is taken to be added separately in water, fully a concentration of 12g/L of saponin is obtained after dissolving, spits
The concentration of temperature 80 is respectively 5g/L, 8g/L, 10g/L, 15g/L removal PCBs in Soil synchronous with 20g/L's and heavy metal
Mixtures of eluents.
Application of the mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment in Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil is repaired, specifically should
With process such as embodiment 1.
The concentration of the Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal in supernatant is measured, calculates eluting rate, and make with individual saponin solution
Eluting rate and theoretical value for eluant, eluent are compared, and the results are shown in Figure 3 (theoretical value of dotted line expression eluting rate in figure).
Embodiment 4
Saponin and different amounts of Tween 80 is taken to be added separately in water, fully a concentration of 15g/L of saponin is obtained after dissolving, spits
The concentration of temperature 80 is respectively 5g/L, 8g/L, 10g/L, 15g/L removal PCBs in Soil synchronous with 20g/L's and heavy metal
Mixtures of eluents.
Application of the mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment in Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil is repaired, specifically should
With process such as embodiment 1.
The concentration of the Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal in supernatant is measured, calculates eluting rate, and make with individual saponin solution
Eluting rate and theoretical value for eluant, eluent are compared, and the results are shown in Figure 4 (theoretical value of dotted line expression eluting rate in figure).
It can be seen that by Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4：When the concentration of saponin in mixtures of eluents be fixed as 10g/L, 12g/L and
During 15g/L, the eluting rate of heavy metal is continuously increased with the increase of saponin concentration, however, saponin concentration is how many, TW-80
Add in all hardly influence heavy metal Cu, Pb, Cd eluting rate variation, the theoretical value and actual value of the eluting rate of Cu, Pb
It all remaining basically stable, but for Cd, theoretical value is more than actual value, this is because as only TW-80, due to depositing for hydroxyl
TW-80 can elute sub-fraction Cd, but after TW-80 is mixed with saponin, then mainly by the carboxyl of saponin molecule and the network of Cd
The eluting rate one of cooperation Cd when causing the wash-off of Cd, and obtaining the eluting rate of Cd substantially with saponin is used alone under same concentration
It causes.For the eluting rate of PCBs, when TW-80 concentration is less than or equal to 10g/L, the eluting rate of PCBs increases comparatively fast, and amplification is larger,
And the actual value of PCBs eluting rates and the difference of theoretical value are increasing, illustrate TW-80 with saponin directly to the phase of the elution of PCBs
Mutual facilitation is more and more apparent；And when TW-80 concentration is more than 10g/L, the actual value of PCBs eluting rates is still more than theory
Value, but the difference of actual value and theoretical value is less and less, illustrates that mutual promoting action is gradual between this when of TW-80 and saponin
Reduce, meanwhile, the eluting rate of PCBs also gradually tends to balance.
Embodiment 5
Saponin and different amounts of Tween 80 is taken to be added separately in water, fully a concentration of 20g/L of saponin is obtained after dissolving, spits
The concentration of temperature 80 is respectively 5g/L, 8g/L, 10g/L, 15g/L removal PCBs in Soil synchronous with 20g/L's and heavy metal
Mixtures of eluents.
Application of the mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment in Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil is repaired, specifically should
With process such as embodiment 1.
The concentration of the Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal in supernatant is measured, calculates eluting rate, and make with individual saponin solution
Eluting rate and theoretical value for eluant, eluent are compared, and the results are shown in Figure 5 (theoretical value of dotted line expression eluting rate in figure).
As seen from Figure 5：When the concentration of saponin in mixtures of eluents is fixed as 20g/L, the elution for heavy metal
Rate is similar to situation during above-mentioned concentration, and to the eluting rate of PCB, when TW-80 concentration is less than or equal to 10g/L, PCBs's washes
De- rate increases comparatively fast, and amplification is larger, but the actual value of PCBs eluting rates and the difference of theoretical value are less and less, and TW-80 is straight with saponin
The mutual promoting action for connecing the elution to PCBs gradually weakens；And when TW-80 concentration is more than 10g/L, PCBs eluting rates are gradual
It tends to balance, and actual value is less than theoretical value, illustrates under this concentration proportioning, saponin is with TW-80 for the elution phase of PCBs
There is inhibiting effect between mutually, this is because the concentration of two kinds of surfactants is all excessively high so that surfactant is partial to inhale
Soil particle surface is attached to, is unfavorable for its elution for PCBs.
Embodiment 6
Saponin, Tween 80 and different amounts of citric acid is taken to be added separately in water, it is a concentration of fully to obtain saponin after dissolving
12g/L, Tween 80 concentration 10g/L and citric acid concentration are respectively in 2g/L, 5g/L, 8g/L removal soil synchronous with 10g/L's
The mixtures of eluents of Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal.
Application of the mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment in Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil is repaired, specifically should
With process such as embodiment 1.
The concentration of the Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal in supernatant is measured, calculates eluting rate, and with being not added with washing for citric acid
The eluting rate of de- agent is compared, and the results are shown in Table 1.
The eluting rate result of the eluant, eluent of 1 various concentration citric acid of table
| Concentration | 0g/L | 2g/L | 5g/L | 8g/L | 10g/L |
| Cu | 54.35% | 77.61% | 87.86% | 94.12% | 97.38% |
| Pb | 61.13% | 71.84% | 82.52% | 83.26% | 85.97% |
| Cd | 86.33% | 91.58% | 94.83% | 97.08% | 99.33% |
| PCBs | 80.27% | 80.59% | 80.51% | 80.63% | 80.65% |
It can be seen that by 1 result of table：With the addition of citric acid, for mixtures of eluents to the elution effect of PCBs not
Have an impact, this is because citric acid is since molecule carbon chain is short, and there are multiple carboxyls, be extremely hydrophilic, do not show activity.And
For the eluting rate of Cd, as the concentration of citric acid increases and increase, but promotion amplitude is little, tends to balance soon, but wash
De- rate is high, and when citric acid concentration increases to 10g/L, Cd eluting rates are close to 100%.For the eluting rate of Cu and Pb, do not having
In the presence of having citric acid, mainly due to the complexing of saponin, and the eluting rate of Pb is more than the eluting rate of Cu, illustrates soap
Element is more preferable than Cu for the elution effect of Pb；And after adding in citric acid, in the case where organic acid is mixed with surfactant, more
Promote the release of heavy metal-polluted soil, thus the eluting rate of Cu and Pb has increase, and since citric acid has centainly acid-soluble
And complexing, therefore for mainly in the form of Acid extractable existing for Cu have a preferably elution effect, the eluting rate of Cu with
Citric acid concentration increases and is continuously increased；For Pb eluting rate then due to existing for its residual form and oxidable state form compared with
It is more, therefore when citric acid concentration is from 5g/L to 10g/L, the eluting rate of Pb tends to balance.
When citric acid concentration is more than 5g/L, in addition to the eluting rate increasing degree of Cu is larger, for the eluting rate of Pb and Cd
Raising is very small, has no effect for PCBs eluting rates, it is contemplated that elution cost, the present embodiment work as a concentration of 12g/ of saponin
L, during a concentration of 5g/L of a concentration of 10g/L of TW-80, citric acid, the eluting rate to Cu, Pb, Cd and PCBs is respectively
87.86%th, 82.52%, 94.83% and 80.51%, reach 80%.
Embodiment 7
Saponin, Tween 80 and citric acid is taken to be added separately in water, fully a concentration of 12g/L of saponin is obtained after dissolving, spits
The mixing elution of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal that 80 a concentration of 10g/L of temperature are 5g/L with citric acid concentration
Agent.
Application of the mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment in Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil is repaired, specific mistake
Journey is as follows：
Weigh 1g Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil (a concentration of 11.79mg/kg of Polychlorinated biphenyls, copper it is dense
Spend for 5021.63mg/kg, a concentration of 2092.39mg/kg of lead, a concentration of 52.86mg/kg of cadmium) to 30mL glass centrifuge tubes
In, above-mentioned mixtures of eluents 20mL is separately added into, it is 3,4,5,6 and 7 to adjust pH value respectively, with teflon gasket lid lid
It is next, it is put into the isothermal vibration incubator that temperature is 25 DEG C (± 2 DEG C), after being shaken 24 hours with the rotating speed of 150r/min, from
Heart 20min (3500r/min) detaches supernatant, completes the reparation to Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil.
The concentration of the Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal in supernatant is measured, calculates eluting rate, the results are shown in Figure 6.
As seen from Figure 6：When pH is from 3 to 5, mixtures of eluents becomes the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd there is no apparent
Change, and when pH is from 5 to 7, the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd are decreased obviously, pH from 5 to 7, the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd respectively from
88.32%th, 82.75%, 94.89% drops to 52.64%, 59.41%, 45.27%, this variation be due to working as solution partially in
Property when, heavy metal hydrolyzes, and is unfavorable for that complexing occurs with saponin and citric acid, therefore eluting rate is decreased obviously.It is and same
Sample, when pH is from 3 to 5, the eluting rate of PCBs is also without significant change, but when pH is from 5 to 7, and the eluting rate of PCBs is slightly
Micro- decline, for pH from 5 to 7, the eluting rate of PCBs drops to 68.33% from 80.56%, this is because in the range of this pH, no
Conducive to the release of heavy metal-polluted soil and the complexing of heavy metal, therefore saponin is adsorbed in soil particle surface, is unfavorable for and TW-
80 form micella, so that the eluting rate of PCBs declines.
The present embodiment when a concentration of 10g/L of a concentration of 12g/L, TW-80 of saponin, citric acid a concentration of 5g/L, wash
When de- pH is 5, the eluting rate to Cu, Pb, Cd and PCBs is respectively 89.93%, 83.50%, 96.23% and 81.04%.
Embodiment 8
Saponin, Tween 80 and citric acid is taken to be added separately in water, fully a concentration of 12g/L of saponin is obtained after dissolving, spits
The mixing elution of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal that 80 a concentration of 10g/L of temperature are 5g/L with citric acid concentration
Agent.
Application of the mixtures of eluents of the present embodiment in Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil is repaired, specific mistake
Journey is as follows：
Weigh 1g Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil (a concentration of 11.79mg/kg of Polychlorinated biphenyls, copper it is dense
Spend for 5021.63mg/kg, a concentration of 2092.39mg/kg of lead, a concentration of 52.86mg/kg of cadmium) to 30mL glass centrifuge tubes
In, above-mentioned mixtures of eluents 20mL is separately added into, it is 5 to adjust pH value, after being covered tightly with teflon gasket lid, is put into temperature
In isothermal vibration incubator for 25 DEG C (± 2 DEG C), respectively with the rotating speed of 150r/min shake elution 0.5h, 1h, 2h, 4h, 6h,
12h and for 24 hours after, centrifuge 20min (3500r/min), detach supernatant, complete to Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil
Reparation.
The concentration of the Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal in supernatant is measured, calculates eluting rate, the results are shown in Table 2.
The eluting rate result of the different elution times of table 2
| Time (h) | 0.5 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 12 | 24 |
| Cu | 72.41% | 76.29% | 84.13% | 88.07% | 88.32% | 89.56% | 89.93% |
| Pb | 53.22% | 67.27% | 75.35% | 81.68% | 82.75% | 83.28% | 83.50% |
| Cd | 81.45% | 89.64% | 93.29% | 94.54% | 94.89% | 96.11% | 96.23% |
| PCB | 56.87% | 65.32% | 73.19% | 78.25% | 80.56% | 80.88% | 81.04% |
As can be seen from Table 2：After half an hour is eluted, certain water is just reached for the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd and PCBs
Flat, the eluting rate of Cu, Pb, Cd and PCBs are respectively 72.41%, 53.22%, 81.45% and 56.87%, within this time,
What is mainly washed out is three heavy metal species of the Acid extractable form easily removed, and for the elution of PCBs, due to two kinds of tables
Face activating agent is also adsorbed in soil particle surface, does not mutually form micella also, therefore the eluting rate of PCBs is not also high.And with washing
The de- time increases, and from 0.5 to 2 hour, each pollutant eluting rate increases sharply, at this point, can reduction-state heavy metal also gradual quilt
It washes out, and two kinds of surfactants start to be detached from soil particle surface formation micella, promote the elution of PCBs.2 to 6 hours, respectively
Pollutant eluting rate, which is increased speed, to be slowed down, and 6 to 24 hours then tend to balance substantially, at this point, oxidable state and a residual form huge sum of money
Belong to more difficult wash-off, and the complexing of saponin weakens, and starts to be intended to adsorb in soil particle, then is unfavorable for being formed with TW-80
Micella slows down so as to which the eluting rate of PCBs is increased speed.
Due to the eluting rate increase rate very little of each pollutant after 6 hours, elution cost is considered, the present embodiment is worked as
A concentration of 10g/L of a concentration of 12g/L, TW-80 of saponin, a concentration of 5g/L of citric acid, elution pH are 5, elution time 6
Hour, the eluting rate to Cu, Pb, Cd and PCBs is respectively 88.32%, 82.75%, 94.89% and 80.56%.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention with made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the mixtures of eluents of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal is answered in reparation Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal
Close the application in contaminated soil, it is characterised in that：The mixtures of eluents is by saponin, Tween 80 and citric acid preparation soluble in water
It forms；A concentration of 5~20g/L of the saponin, a concentration of 5~20g/L of Tween 80, a concentration of 2~10g/L of citric acid；
The application process is as follows：The combined contamination soil containing Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal is taken, is added in more in synchronous removal soil
The mixtures of eluents of chlordiphenyl and heavy metal is eluted, you can completes to repair Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil
It is multiple.
2. the mixtures of eluents of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil according to claim 1 and heavy metal is being repaired
Application in Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, it is characterised in that：A concentration of 12g/L of the saponin, Tween 80
A concentration of 10g/L, a concentration of 5g/L of citric acid.
3. the mixtures of eluents of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil according to claim 1 and heavy metal is being repaired
Application in Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, it is characterised in that：The compound dirt of Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metal
Contaminate soil in, a concentration of 11.79mg/kg containing Polychlorinated biphenyls, a concentration of 5021.63mg/kg of copper, lead it is a concentration of
2092.39mg/kg a concentration of 52.86mg/kg of cadmium；The addition of the mixtures of eluents is：In combined contamination soil per ton
Addition 2 × 104L mixtures of eluents；The elution refers in pH to carry out oscillation elution 0.5~for 24 hours under conditions of 3~7.
4. the mixtures of eluents of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil according to claim 3 and heavy metal is being repaired
Application in Polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy-metal composite pollution soil, it is characterised in that：The elution refers under conditions of pH is 5
Oscillation elution 6 hours.
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| CN201510430867.5A CN105018101B (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | Mixtures of eluents and its preparation and application of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal |
| PCT/CN2015/099287 WO2017012274A1 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-12-28 | Mixed eluant for synchronously removing polychlorinated biphenyl and heavy metals in soil, and preparation and use thereof |
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| CN105018101B (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2018-06-19 | 华南理工大学 | Mixtures of eluents and its preparation and application of a kind of synchronous removal PCBs in Soil and heavy metal |
| CN105419808A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-23 | 博天环境集团股份有限公司 | Eluting agent for repairing heavy metal polluted soil and application method thereof |
| CN105290101B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2018-07-13 | 天津环科立嘉环境修复科技有限公司 | A kind of method of pollution by polychlorinated biphenyles place soil remediation |
| CN108640742A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of organic matter has both the repairing fertiliser of heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN108941177B (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-05-07 | 江西夏氏春秋环境股份有限公司 | It is a kind of for repairing the eluent and its application method of Cu, Pb, As combined contamination soil |
| CN112521949A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-03-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Heavy metal soil leaching composition containing organic acid, application thereof and heavy metal soil remediation method |
| CN111575020A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-08-25 | 代彦霞 | Remediation agent and method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil by using same |
| CN114907856B (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2023-06-30 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Green and efficient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon polluted soil restoration eluent and application method |
| CN116549908A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-08-08 | 无锡华光环保能源集团股份有限公司 | Eluent for wet milling and eluting heavy metals in waste incineration fly ash and eluting method |
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