CN104923555A - Method for removing lead and zinc in contaminated soil by leaching with biologic materials - Google Patents
Method for removing lead and zinc in contaminated soil by leaching with biologic materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN104923555A CN104923555A CN201510388003.1A CN201510388003A CN104923555A CN 104923555 A CN104923555 A CN 104923555A CN 201510388003 A CN201510388003 A CN 201510388003A CN 104923555 A CN104923555 A CN 104923555A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical filed of restoring of contaminated soil in the environment, and in particular relates to a method for removing lead and zinc in the contaminated soil by leaching with biologic materials. According to the method, distilled water is used for the vibration digestion on air-dried plant powders, the filter liquor is added into the soil, then the pH value of mixed solution is adjusted using dilute nitric acid and sodium hydroxide solution, and finally lead and zinc in the soil are vibrated and leached out. According to the method for removing lead and zinc in the contaminated soil by leaching with biologic materials, coriaria sinica maxim, pistacia weinmannfolia, castor-oil plant or euphorbia helioscopia are used as flushing agent, the cost is low, the source is wide, the leaching effect on the soil is obvious, and the secondary pollution does not occur on the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the recovery technique field of contaminated soil in environment, in particular a kind of method utilizing biological material drip washing to remove lead and zinc in contaminated soil.
Background technology
A large amount of exploitations of Pb-Zn deposits in recent decades cause Farmland Soil Pollution problem around it day by day serious.Plumbous zinc excessive in soil is not only to crop generation harm in various degree, and toxic heavy metal affects health by food chain.Therefore, the reparation of plumbous zinc combined contamination soil becomes one of problem demanding prompt solution.
At present, common heavy metal-polluted soil restorative procedure mainly contains physics, chemistry and biological prosthetic three major types, comprises solidification and stabilization, elution method and phytoremediation etc.Wherein, though elution technique has certain disturbance to soil matrix, because it is simple to operate, the cycle is short and remediation efficiency is high, therefore, Soil leaching technology repairs the effective technology of high concentration heavy metal pollution of soil.And the selection of eluent is the key that this recovery technique is implemented.Eluent conventional at present mainly contains inorganic eluent, chelating agent and surfactant etc.Wherein, hydrochloric acid and CaCl
2have better drip washing effect to the heavy metal in soil, but it can cause destruction and the nutrient loss of soil matrix while using, and excessive inorganic ions may cause the soil salinization and increase subsequent treatment expense; The dirty Pb contaminated in Lou soil of saponin(e and EDTA combined removal such as Deng Hongxia, but due to the biological degradability of chelating agent in soil poor, easily remain in lessivation, cause the secondary pollution of soil; And surfactant is as high in costs such as rhamnolipids, limited source, is restricted in practice.Therefore, high efficiency is filtered out and eco-friendly novel eluent seems particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided a kind of convenient simple and easy, to drip washing successful that is plumbous and Grown In Zinc Contaminated Soil, the content of the Lead In Soil after drip washing and zinc is made to meet national Soil-environmental standard, the lead that leacheate is residual and zinc reclaim by methods such as biological adsorptions, leacheate can reach discharging standards, a kind of of secondary pollution will be caused to utilize biological material drip washing to remove method that is plumbous in contaminated soil and zinc to environment.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
Utilize biological material drip washing to remove a method that is plumbous in contaminated soil and zinc, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of leacheate
The rinse of biological material distilled water is placed on ventilation natural air drying, after being ground with pulverizer, with distilled water to its powder vibration lixiviate 24h, filters obtained leacheate; The speed of vibration lixiviate is 200r/min, and the concentration of leacheate is 30-100g/L.
(2) drip washing of contaminated soil
Added by the leacheate that step (1) obtains in the soil of plumbous zinc combined pollution, recycling dust technology and sodium hydroxide solution regulate mixed solution pH value to be 4 ± 0.05, go out lead in soil and zinc by vibration drip washing; The oscillation rate of mixed liquor is 200r/min, and duration of oscillation is 2-8h.
(3) native liquid is separated
Mixing material centrifugal 5-8 minute under 3000-4000r/min speed after step (2) being vibrated, be drip washing goes out from soil lead and zinc in supernatant liquor, described biological material is Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, castor-oil plant or wartwort.
Vibrate in the described vibration drip washing of step (2) time of mixed liquor is 2-8h.
Described plumbous zinc combined contamination soil be plumbous and zinc content be 2800-3800mg/kg
-1mining soil; Contaminated soil (unit g) is 1:20-1:30 with the proportionate relationship of eluent (units/ml).
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) employing of the present invention be Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, castor-oil plant or wartwort as drip washing material, wide material sources, cost are low and can not bring secondary pollution to soil.
(2) lessivation simple operation is simple and easy, to the drip washing successful of plumbous Grown In Zinc Contaminated Soil.
(3) Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, the distilled water leaching liquor of castor-oil plant or wartwort promotes all comparatively large (washout rate of distilled water to Lead In Soil and zinc is respectively 0.19% and 10.85%) plumbous in contaminated soil and zinc removal ability relative to distilled water itself, wherein the drip washing effect of Coriaria sinica is the most remarkable, after a drip washing, concentration is 30g/L, 50g/L, the washout rate of Coriaria sinica leacheate to Lead In Soil of 80g/L and 100g/L is respectively 19.78%, 21.62%, 23.95% and 24.65%, 55.08% is respectively to the washout rate of ZINC IN SOIL, 57.23%, 57.95% and 59.05%.
(4) content of the Lead In Soil of the present invention after repeatedly drip washing and zinc can meet national Soil-environmental standard, and the residual plumbous zinc of leacheate reclaims by methods such as biomass absorbents, and ring waste can reach discharging standards.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described; but do not limit the scope of the invention; should be understood that; for those of ordinary skills; can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Hanyuan Pb-Zn ore district contaminated soil is repaired in plant drip washing
(1) preparation of leacheate
Coriaria sinica, ciliate desert-grass, false chickweed, chenopodium ambrosiodies, mulberry leaf, shortplucme clematis, climbing groundsel, Chinese alpine rush, spike elscholtiza, Pistacia weinmannifolia, saddle leaf mountain ebony, castor-oil plant, wartwort and Chinese swallowwort latex are cleaned with distilled water to be respectively placed on gravity-flow ventilation place air-dry, use pulverizer by its milled 2mm sieve.
Each plant powder of 6g, 10g, 16g and 20g is joined in 200mL distilled water, at 200r/min respectively
-1lower constant temperature oscillation 24h, filters the leacheate of obtained 30g/L, 50g/L, 80g/L and 100g/L 4 kinds of concentration.
(2) the vibration drip washing of contaminated soil
Get 4 kinds of variable concentrations and each 20ml of distilled water totally 57 process of above-mentioned 14 Plants leacheates respectively, join in 1.00g contaminated soil by native liquor ratio 1:20.PH of mixed dust technology and NaOH are adjusted to 4.00 ± 0.05.With 200r/min
-1speed oscillation 2h.
(3) native liquid is separated
Mixed liquor after vibration is poured in centrifuge tube with 4000r/min
-1the centrifugal 5min of speed, get supernatant liquid filtering, the lead in filtrate and Zn content Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) measures (table 1).
Efficiency that is plumbous in contaminated soil in mining areas and zinc is removed in the drip washing of table 1 14 Plants eluent
Note: eluent concentration is the lixiviate concentration of 14 Plants powder; Each process repetition 3 times, in table, data are the mean value that a drip washing repeats for 3 times.
By analysis, along with the increase of the biological material concentration added, it is totally in rising trend to the drip washing clearance of plumbous Grown In Zinc Contaminated Soil, particularly when concentration is 30g/L, 50g/L, 80g/L and 100g/L, Coriaria sinica leacheate pollutes clearance to Lead In Soil and be respectively 19.78%, 21.62%, 23.95% and 24.65% under the present embodiment condition, can reach 55.08%, 57.23%, 57.95% and 59.05% respectively to the washout rate of ZINC IN SOIL.The washout rate of Pistacia weinmannifolia to Lead In Soil is respectively 0.80%, 0.92%, 1.32% and 1.29%, is respectively 42.87%, 47.50%, 50.29% and 50.94% to the washout rate of ZINC IN SOIL; The washout rate of castor-oil plant to Lead In Soil is respectively 3.21%, 4.16%, 5.06% and 5.48%, is respectively 35.28%, 43.85%, 50.56% and 48.09% to the washout rate of ZINC IN SOIL; The washout rate of wartwort to Pb in Soil is respectively 4.39%, 6.02%, 6.99% and 7.09%, is respectively 44.01%, 47.22%, 46.33% and 47.97% to the washout rate of ZINC IN SOIL.Overall drip washing effect is higher than all the other 10 Plants leacheates and the distilled water washout rate to Lead In Soil and zinc.
To sum up, Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, castor-oil plant or wartwort have outstanding effect as biological drip washing material to the plumbous Grown In Zinc Contaminated Soil of reparation.
Embodiment 2: the plumbous zinc elution efficiency under the different drip washing time
The preparation method of eluent and being consistent to the condition in the rinsing step of contaminated soil and embodiment 1, only changes drip washing duration of oscillation wherein, tests the situation of change of washout rate under different duration of oscillation, concrete data reference table 2.
Under the table 2 different drip washing time, 14 Plants eluents remove efficiency that is plumbous in contaminated soil in mining areas and zinc
Note: eluent concentration is the lixiviate concentration of 14 Plants powder; Each process repetition 3 times, in table, data are the mean value that a drip washing repeats for 3 times.
As shown in Table 2, under equal conditions, adopt the eluent that biological material Coriaria sinica, ciliate desert-grass, false chickweed, chenopodium ambrosiodies, mulberry leaf, shortplucme clematis, climbing groundsel, Chinese alpine rush, spike elscholtiza, Pistacia weinmannifolia, saddle leaf mountain ebony, castor-oil plant, wartwort and Chinese swallowwort latex are prepared respectively, under same eluent concentration conditions, the drip washing time also affects its elution efficiency to Lead In Soil and zinc, but different biological materials is different by the influence degree of time.All in all, under the different drip washing time, Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, castor-oil plant or the wartwort drip washing effect to Lead In Soil and zinc is all better, and when the drip washing time is 8h, washout rate is maximum.
Embodiment 3: under measuring different pH condition, each living beings are to the elution efficiency of zinc plumbous in contaminated soil
The preparation method of eluent and the condition in the rinsing step of contaminated soil and embodiment 1 is consistent, only change the pH value of mixed liquor wherein, test under different pH condition each living beings to contaminated soil in the situation of change of washout rate of plumbous zinc, concrete data reference table 3.
Under table 3 different pH condition, 14 Plants eluents remove efficiency that is plumbous in contaminated soil in mining areas and zinc
Note: eluent concentration is the lixiviate concentration of 14 Plants powder; Each process repetition 3 times, in table, data are the mean value that a drip washing repeats for 3 times.
This research tests the plumbous zinc washout rate under acidity, neutrality and alkaline state respectively, as shown in Table 3, under equal conditions, adopt the eluent that biological material Coriaria sinica, ciliate desert-grass, false chickweed, chenopodium ambrosiodies, mulberry leaf, shortplucme clematis, climbing groundsel, Chinese alpine rush, spike elscholtiza, Pistacia weinmannifolia, saddle leaf mountain ebony, castor-oil plant, wartwort and Chinese swallowwort latex are prepared respectively, under same eluent concentration conditions, the elution efficiency of pH to Lead In Soil and zinc of mixed liquor has decisive role.All in all, in acid condition, the drip washing effect of biological material to Lead In Soil and zinc is best, and drip washing effect under neutral and alkali condition is all poor, wherein, the drip washing effect of Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, castor-oil plant or wartwort is best, when pH is 4, washout rate is the highest.
Claims (5)
1. utilize biological material drip washing to remove a method that is plumbous in contaminated soil and zinc, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of leacheate
The rinse of biological material distilled water is placed on ventilation natural air drying, and after being ground with pulverizer, with distilled water to its powder vibration lixiviate 24h, filter obtained pouring liquid, the speed of vibration lixiviate is 200 r/min;
(2) drip washing of contaminated soil
Added by the leacheate that step (1) obtains in the soil of plumbous zinc combined pollution, recycling dust technology and sodium hydroxide solution regulate mixed solution pH value to be 4 ± 0.05, and go out lead in soil and zinc by vibration drip washing, the oscillation rate of mixed liquor is 200r/min;
(3) native liquid is separated
Mixing material centrifugal 5-8 minute under 3000-4000 r/min speed after step (2) being vibrated, be drip washing goes out from soil lead and zinc in supernatant liquor, described biological material is Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, castor-oil plant or wartwort.
2. the method utilizing biological material drip washing to remove lead and zinc in contaminated soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concentration of described leacheate is 30-100g/L.
3. the method utilizing biological material drip washing to remove lead and zinc in contaminated soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the time of the mixed liquor that vibrates in the described vibration drip washing of step (2) is 2-8h.
4. the method utilizing biological material drip washing to remove lead and zinc in contaminated soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described plumbous zinc combined contamination soil and the proportionate relationship g:ml of eluent equal 1:20-1:30.
5. the method utilizing biological material drip washing to remove lead and zinc in contaminated soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the employing pulverizer described in step (1) is ground the rear 2mm of mistake and sieves.
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| CN111408616A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-14 | 温州大学 | Method for extracting cadmium from polluted soil by using sargassum fusiforme or sargassum thunbergii |
| CN112251236A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-22 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Preparation and application method of plant-derived soil multi-metal eluting agent |
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| CN111408616A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-14 | 温州大学 | Method for extracting cadmium from polluted soil by using sargassum fusiforme or sargassum thunbergii |
| CN112251236A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-22 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Preparation and application method of plant-derived soil multi-metal eluting agent |
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Effective date of registration: 20200422 Address after: 611130 No. 203, 204 and 205, No. 355 Kejin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Chengdu Metropolitan Modern Agricultural Industry Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 611131, 211, Huimin Road, fair town, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, Chengdu Patentee before: SICHUAN AGRICULTURAL University |