CN104923555B - Method for removing lead and zinc in contaminated soil by leaching with biologic materials - Google Patents
Method for removing lead and zinc in contaminated soil by leaching with biologic materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN104923555B CN104923555B CN201510388003.1A CN201510388003A CN104923555B CN 104923555 B CN104923555 B CN 104923555B CN 201510388003 A CN201510388003 A CN 201510388003A CN 104923555 B CN104923555 B CN 104923555B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical filed of restoring of contaminated soil in the environment, and in particular relates to a method for removing lead and zinc in the contaminated soil by leaching with biologic materials. According to the method, distilled water is used for the vibration digestion on air-dried plant powders, the filter liquor is added into the soil, then the pH value of mixed solution is adjusted using dilute nitric acid and sodium hydroxide solution, and finally lead and zinc in the soil are vibrated and leached out. According to the method for removing lead and zinc in the contaminated soil by leaching with biologic materials, coriaria sinica maxim, pistacia weinmannfolia, castor-oil plant or euphorbia helioscopia are used as flushing agent, the cost is low, the source is wide, the leaching effect on the soil is obvious, and the secondary pollution does not occur on the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in environment contaminated soil recovery technique field, more particularly to one kind utilizes biological material
The method that drip washing removes lead and zinc in contaminated soil.
Background technology
A large amount of exploitations of Pb-Zn deposits in recent decades cause Farmland Soil Pollution problem around it increasingly serious.Mistake in soil
The lead zinc of amount not only produces different degrees of harm to crop, and toxic heavy metal affects health by food chain.Therefore,
The reparation of lead zinc combined contamination soil becomes one of problem demanding prompt solution.
At present, common heavy metal-polluted soil restorative procedure mainly has physics, chemistry and biological restoration three major types, including solidification
Stabilisation, elution method and phytoremediation etc..Wherein, though elution technique has certain disturbance to soil matrix, due to its operation letter
Single, cycle is short and remediation efficiency height, therefore, Soil leaching technology is to repair the effective technology of high concentration heavy metal pollution of soil.
And the selection of eluent is the key that the recovery technique is implemented.At present conventional eluent mainly has inorganic eluent, chelating agen
With surfactant etc..Wherein, hydrochloric acid and CaCl2There is preferable drip washing effect to the heavy metal in soil, but it is while use
Destruction and the nutrient loss of soil matrix, and the inorganic ionss of excess can be caused to cause the soil salinization and increase follow-up place
Reason expense；The Pb with saponin and the dirty dye Lou of EDTA combined removals in native such as Deng Hongxia, but the biology due to chelating agen in soil
Degradability is poor, easily remains in lessivation, causes the secondary pollution of soil；And the cost such as surfactant such as rhamnolipid
Height, limited source is restricted in practice.Therefore, filter out high efficiency and eco-friendly new eluent seems
It is particularly important.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided a kind of convenient simple, the pouring to lead and Grown In Zinc Contaminated Soil
Wash effect substantially, the content for making the Lead In Soil after drip washing and zinc meets national Soil-environmental standard, the lead of leacheate residual and
Zinc can be reclaimed by methods such as biological adsorptions, and leacheate will not cause secondary pollution up to discharging standards to environment
A kind of utilization biological material drip washing remove contaminated soil in lead and zinc method.
The present invention concrete technical scheme be：
A kind of method that utilization biological material drip washing removes lead and zinc in contaminated soil, the method is comprised the following steps：
(1) preparation of leacheate
Ventilation natural air drying will be placed in after biological material distilled water rinse, after being ground with pulverizer, with steaming
Distilled water filters and leacheate is obtained to its powder vibration extraction 24h；Vibration extraction speed be 200r/min, the concentration of leacheate
For 30-100g/L.
(2) drip washing of contaminated soil
Leacheate obtained by step (1) is added in the soil of lead zinc combined pollution, dust technology and hydroxide is recycled
It is 4 ± 0.05 that sodium solution adjusts mixed solution pH value, by vibrating lead and the zinc that drip washing goes out in soil；The oscillation rate of mixed liquor
For 200r/min, duration of oscillation is 2-8h.
(3) native liquid is separated
Mixing liquid after step (2) is vibrated is centrifuged 5-8 minutes under 3000-4000r/min speed, in the supernatant
Drip washing goes out as from soil lead and zinc, described biological material is Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, Semen Ricini or Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae.
The time that mixed liquor is vibrated in step (2) the vibration drip washing is 2-8h.
Described lead zinc combined contamination soil is 2800-3800mg/kg for the content of lead and zinc-1Mining soil；
(unit g) is 1 with the proportionate relationship of eluent (units/ml) to contaminated soil:20-1:30.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
(1) it is of the invention to use Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, Semen Ricini or Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae as drip washing material, wide material sources, cost
It is low and secondary pollution will not be brought to soil.
(2) lessivation simple operation is simple, obvious to the drip washing effect of lead Grown In Zinc Contaminated Soil.
(3) the distillation water extract of Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, Semen Ricini or Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae relative to distilled water itself in contaminated soil
Lead and zinc removal ability lift larger (distilled water is respectively 0.19% and 10.85% to the washout rate of Lead In Soil and zinc),
The drip washing effect of wherein Coriaria sinica is the most notable, and Jing after a drip washing, concentration is the Coriaria sinica of 30g/L, 50g/L, 80g/L and 100g/L
Leacheate is respectively 19.78%, 21.62%, 23.95% and 24.65% to the washout rate of Lead In Soil, the pouring to ZINC IN SOIL
The rate of washing is respectively 55.08%, 57.23%, 57.95% and 59.05%.
(4) content of the Lead In Soil and zinc Jing after many drip washing of the present invention may conform to national Soil-environmental standard, drip washing
The lead zinc of liquid residual can be reclaimed by methods such as biomass absorbents, and ring waste is up to discharging standards.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described, but does not limit the scope of the invention, it should be appreciated that right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can according to the above description be improved or be converted, and all these modifications and variations are all
The protection domain of claims of the present invention should be belonged to.
Embodiment 1：
Hanyuan Pb-Zn ore district contaminated soil is repaired in plant drip washing
(1) preparation of leacheate
By Coriaria sinica, Herba pteridis vittatae, false Herba stellariae mediae, Herba Chenopodii, Folium Mori, shortplucme clematis, Herba Senecionis Scandentiss, Herba Poae Sphondylodiss, spike Herba Moslae, clear
Incense wood, saddle leaf Bauhinia purpurea, Semen Ricini, Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae and Sucus Cynanchi chinensiss are placed at gravity-flow ventilation after being cleaned with distilled water respectively and air-dry, using powder
Broken machine sieves its milled 2mm.
Each plant powder of 6g, 10g, 16g and 20g is added separately in 200mL distilled water, in 200r/min-1Lower perseverance
Temperature vibration 24h, filters the leacheate that 4 kinds of concentration of 30g/L, 50g/L, 80g/L and 100g/L is obtained.
(2) the vibration drip washing of contaminated soil
4 kinds of variable concentrations and each 20ml of distilled water totally 57 process of above-mentioned 14 kinds of plant leacheates are taken respectively, by native liquid
Than 1:20 are added in 1.00g contaminated soils.PH of mixed dust technology and sodium hydroxide are adjusted to 4.00 ± 0.05.With
200r/min-1Speed oscillation 2h.
(3) native liquid is separated
Mixed liquor after vibration is poured in centrifuge tube with 4000r/min-1Speed centrifugation 5min, take supernatant liquid filtering,
Lead and Zn content in filtrate determines (table 1) with Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS).
1 14 kinds of plant eluent drip washing of table remove the efficiency of lead and zinc in contaminated soil in mining areas
Note：Eluent concentration is the extraction concentration of 14 kinds of plant powders；Each process is repeated 3 times, and data are for once in table
The meansigma methodss of 3 repetitions of drip washing.
Jing is analyzed, and with the increase of the biological material concentration for adding, its drip washing clearance to lead Grown In Zinc Contaminated Soil is total
Body is in rising trend, and particularly when concentration is 30g/L, 50g/L, 80g/L and 100g/L, Coriaria sinica leacheate is dirty to Lead In Soil
Dye clearance is respectively 19.78%, 21.62%, 23.95% and 24.65% under the conditions of the present embodiment, the pouring to ZINC IN SOIL
Washing rate can reach respectively 55.08%, 57.23%, 57.95% and 59.05%.Pistacia weinmannifolia is respectively to the washout rate of Lead In Soil
0.80%th, 0.92%, 1.32% and 1.29%, 42.87%, 47.50%, 50.29% is respectively to the washout rate of ZINC IN SOIL
With 50.94%；Semen Ricini is respectively 3.21%, 4.16%, 5.06% and 5.48% to the washout rate of Lead In Soil, to ZINC IN SOIL
Washout rate be respectively 35.28%, 43.85%, 50.56% and 48.09%；Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae is respectively to the washout rate of Pb in Soil
4.39%th, 6.02%, 6.99% and 7.09%, 44.01%, 47.22%, 46.33% is respectively to the washout rate of ZINC IN SOIL
With 47.97%.Overall drip washing effect is higher than remaining 10 kinds of plant leacheate and distilled water to Lead In Soil and the washout rate of zinc.
To sum up, Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, Semen Ricini or Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae have protrusion as biological drip washing material to repairing lead Grown In Zinc Contaminated Soil
Effect.
Embodiment 2：Lead zinc elution efficiency under the different drip washing times
The preparation method of eluent and the rinsing step to contaminated soil are consistent with the condition in embodiment 1, only change
Become drip washing duration of oscillation therein, test the situation of change of the washout rate under different duration of oscillations, concrete data refer table 2.
The different drip washing times of table 2, lower 14 kinds of plant eluents removed the efficiency of lead and zinc in contaminated soil in mining areas
Note：Eluent concentration is the extraction concentration of 14 kinds of plant powders；Each process is repeated 3 times, and data are for once in table
The meansigma methodss of 3 repetitions of drip washing.
As shown in Table 2, under equal conditions, using biological material Coriaria sinica, Herba pteridis vittatae, false Herba stellariae mediae, Herba Chenopodii, Folium Mori,
Shortplucme clematis, Herba Senecionis Scandentiss, Herba Poae Sphondylodiss, spike Herba Moslae, Pistacia weinmannifolia, saddle leaf Bauhinia purpurea, Semen Ricini, Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae and Sucus Cynanchi chinensiss are prepared respectively
Eluent, under same eluent concentration conditions, the drip washing time also contributes to it to Lead In Soil and the elution efficiency of zinc,
But different biological materials is different by the influence degree of time.All in all, under the different drip washing time, Coriaria sinica, delicate fragrance
Wood, Semen Ricini or Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae are preferable to the drip washing effect of Lead In Soil and zinc, and when the drip washing time being 8h, washout rate is maximum.
Embodiment 3：Determine elution efficiency of each biomass to lead zinc in contaminated soil under different pH condition
The preparation method of eluent and the rinsing step to contaminated soil are consistent with the condition in embodiment 1, only change
Become the pH value of mixed liquor therein, test the change of the washout rate of lead zinc during each biomass are to contaminated soil under different pH condition
Change situation, concrete data refer table 3.
The lower 14 kinds of plant eluents of the different pH condition of table 3 remove the efficiency of lead and zinc in contaminated soil in mining areas
Note：Eluent concentration is the extraction concentration of 14 kinds of plant powders；Each process is repeated 3 times, and data are for once in table
The meansigma methodss of 3 repetitions of drip washing.
The research tests respectively the lead zinc washout rate under acidity, neutral and alkaline state, as shown in Table 3, in equal bar
Under part, using biological material Coriaria sinica, Herba pteridis vittatae, false Herba stellariae mediae, Herba Chenopodii, Folium Mori, shortplucme clematis, Herba Senecionis Scandentiss, Herba Poae Sphondylodiss, fringe
The eluent that shape Herba Moslae, Pistacia weinmannifolia, saddle leaf Bauhinia purpurea, Semen Ricini, Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae and Sucus Cynanchi chinensiss are prepared respectively, in same drip washing agent concentration
Under the conditions of, the pH of mixed liquor has decisive role to the elution efficiency of Lead In Soil and zinc.All in all, in acid condition
Under, biological material is best to the drip washing effect of Lead In Soil and zinc, and the drip washing effect under neutral and alkalescence condition is poor,
Wherein, the drip washing effect of Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, Semen Ricini or Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae is best, when pH is 4, washout rate highest.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that utilization biological material drip washing removes lead and zinc in contaminated soil, it is characterised in that the method include with
Lower step：
（1）The preparation of leacheate
Ventilation natural air drying will be placed in after biological material distilled water rinse, after being ground with pulverizer, uses distilled water
To its powder vibration extraction 24h, filter and leacheate be obtained, the speed for vibrating extraction is 200 r/min, described leacheate it is dense
Spend for 30-100g/L；
（2）The drip washing of contaminated soil
By step（1）Resulting leacheate is added in the soil of lead zinc combined pollution, recycles dust technology and sodium hydroxide molten
It is 4 ± 0.05 that liquid adjusts mixed solution pH value, and by vibrating lead and the zinc that drip washing goes out in soil, the oscillation rate of mixed liquor is
200r/min, proportionate relationship g of described lead zinc combined contamination soil and eluent：Ml is equal to 1:20-1:30；
（3）Native liquid is separated
By step（2）Mixing liquid after vibration is centrifuged 5-8 minutes under 3000-4000 r/min speed, in the supernatant i.e.
It is drip washing goes out from soil lead and zinc, described biological material is Coriaria sinica, Pistacia weinmannifolia, Semen Ricini or Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae.
2. the method that utilization biological material drip washing according to claim 1 removes lead and zinc in contaminated soil, its feature
It is：Step（2）The time that mixed liquor is vibrated in the vibration drip washing is 2-8h.
3. the method that utilization biological material drip washing according to claim 1 removes lead and zinc in contaminated soil, its feature
It is：Step（1）Described in employing pulverizer ground after cross 2mm sieve.
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| CN107185952A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-22 | 北京至清时光环保工程技术有限公司 | The administering method of soil pollution by heavy metal |
| CN111408616B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2022-03-11 | 温州大学 | Method for extracting cadmium from polluted soil by using sargassum fusiforme or sargassum thunbergii |
| CN112251236B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-04-29 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Preparation and application method of plant-derived soil multi-metal eluting agent |
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Effective date of registration: 20200422 Address after: 611130 No. 203, 204 and 205, No. 355 Kejin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Chengdu Metropolitan Modern Agricultural Industry Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 611131, 211, Huimin Road, fair town, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, Chengdu Patentee before: SICHUAN AGRICULTURAL University |