CN105017605A - 一种抗开裂硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种抗开裂硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗开裂硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料,其特征是由下述重量份的原料制得:低密度聚乙烯树脂120-150,乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物5-10,线性酚醛树脂2-4,凹凸棒土15-20,木质纤维素5-10,聚丙二醇2-3,松香季戊四醇酯2-4,单甘油硬脂酸酯1-2,聚乙烯蜡2-4,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯0.3-0.5,硅烷复合剂3-6。本发明的硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料具有良好的强度、韧性,耐候性和耐水、耐腐蚀性能良好,同时具有优异的抗开裂性能,质量稳定性好,使用性能高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料领域,具体涉及一种抗开裂硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚乙烯产量大、来源丰富、价格低廉,是一种用途广泛的树脂。然而聚乙烯的相容性低,耐候性和机械性能存在不足,综合性能较差,需要改善性能。其中,对聚乙烯进行交联改性是改善聚乙烯性能的重要手段之一,能提高聚乙烯制品的机械性能、耐化学性能和耐开裂性能等,扩宽了聚乙烯的应用范围。
聚乙烯交联技术包括辐射交联、过氧化物交联、硅烷交联等,其中硅烷交联聚乙烯具有工艺设备简单、操作灵活方便、经济性好的特点,受到广泛的关注和重视。硅烷交联聚乙烯具有良好的绝缘性能,主要应用于中、低压电线、电缆的生产,具有良好的市场前景和极高的经济效益。随着市场需求的进一步发展,硅烷交联聚乙烯材料也需要进一步完善力学性能、耐候性等方面的缺陷,提高技术指标,从而满足各个领域的特殊要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种抗开裂硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料,力学性能、耐候性良好,质量稳定性好。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种抗开裂硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料,其是由下述重量份的原料制得:
低密度聚乙烯树脂120-150,乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物5-10,线性酚醛树脂2-4,凹凸棒土15-20,木质纤维素5-10,聚丙二醇2-3,松香季戊四醇酯2-4,单甘油硬脂酸酯1-2,聚乙烯蜡2-4,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯0.3-0.5,硅烷复合剂3-6;
其中硅烷复合剂由下述重量份的原料制得:硅烷偶联剂A-151 1-3,氟碳表面活性剂FC-4430 0.2-0.4,过氧化二异丙苯0.05-0.1,二月桂酸二丁基锡0.1-0.2,抗氧剂1010 0.2-0.5;制备方法是将硅烷偶联剂A-151、过氧化二异丙苯、二月桂酸二丁基锡和抗氧剂1010混合并200-400r/min搅拌10-15min后再加入氟碳表面活性剂FC-443 600-800r/min搅拌3-5min,即得。
一种抗开裂硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)先将凹凸棒土300-400℃条件下处理1-2h,再与木质纤维素混合并100-120℃处理0.5-1h,冷却后研磨均匀,过500-600目筛,得混合填料;
(2)将聚丙二醇加入反应釜中真空干燥0.5-1h,然后将温度调至70-80℃,并加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯于真空条件下200-400r/min搅拌反应2-4h,得聚氨酯预聚体;
(3)将(1)中的混合填料与(2)中的聚氨酯预聚体混合后加入线性酚醛树脂,先于800-1000r/min搅拌1-2h,再加入松香季戊四醇酯和单甘油硬脂酸酯共同球磨2-4h,得改性填料;
(4)先将(3)中的改性填料与低密度聚乙烯树脂、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物混合均匀,再加入其余原料在高速混合机中80-90℃条件下混合5-10min,最后通过双螺杆挤出机165-195℃熔融挤出、造粒、包装,即得硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料。
本发明的优点是:
本发明通过氟碳表面活性剂与硅烷偶联剂复配的硅烷复合剂对聚乙烯树脂进行交联,改善了复合材料的耐候性、耐水性,同时通过聚氨酯预聚体和酚醛树脂对填料进行复合改性处理,既提升了填料的韧性,有利于改善复合材料的拉伸性能,又提高了填料与基体之间的相容性,使填料在树脂中分散均匀,起到补强增容的作用,改善了复合材料的机械强度;同时通过其余原料的复配,使制得的硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料具有良好的强度、韧性,耐候性和耐水、耐腐蚀性能良好,同时具有优异的抗开裂性能,质量稳定性好,使用性能高。
具体实施方式
本发明非限定实施例如下:
一种抗开裂硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料,由下列重量(kg)的组分原料制备而成:
低密度聚乙烯树脂140,乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物8,线性酚醛树脂3,凹凸棒土18,木质纤维素7,聚丙二醇2.5,松香季戊四醇酯3,单甘油硬脂酸酯1.5,聚乙烯蜡3,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯0.4,硅烷复合剂5;
其中硅烷复合剂由下述重量(kg)的组分原料制得:硅烷偶联剂A-151 2,氟碳表面活性剂FC-4430 0.3,过氧化二异丙苯0.08,二月桂酸二丁基锡0.15,抗氧剂1010 0.4;制备方法是将硅烷偶联剂A-151、过氧化二异丙苯、二月桂酸二丁基锡和抗氧剂1010混合并200r/min搅拌15min后再加入氟碳表面活性剂FC-443 800r/min搅拌3min,即得。
抗开裂硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)先将凹凸棒土400℃条件下处理1h,再与木质纤维素混合并120℃处理0.5h,冷却后研磨均匀,过600目筛,得混合填料;
(2)将聚丙二醇加入反应釜中真空干燥0.5h,然后将温度调至80℃,并加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯于真空条件下400r/min搅拌反应2h,得聚氨酯预聚体;
(3)将(1)中的混合填料与(2)中的聚氨酯预聚体混合后加入线性酚醛树脂,先于1000r/min搅拌1h,再加入松香季戊四醇酯和单甘油硬脂酸酯共同球磨2h,得改性填料;
(4)先将(3)中的改性填料与低密度聚乙烯树脂、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物混合均匀,再加入其余原料在高速混合机中90℃条件下混合5min,最后通过双螺杆挤出机165-195℃熔融挤出、造粒、包装,即得硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料。
对上述制得的复合材料进行性能测试,结果如表1所示:
表1 硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料性能测试结果
编号 | 项目 | |
1 | 拉伸强度(MPa) | 28.2MPa |
2 | 断裂伸长率(%) | 693 |
3 | 热老化性能℃×h | 135×168 |
3.1 | 拉伸强度变化率(%) | +8 |
3.2 | 断裂伸长率变化率(%) | -9 |
Claims (2)
1.一种抗开裂硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料,其特征在于,其是由下述重量份的原料制得:
低密度聚乙烯树脂120-150,乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物5-10,线性酚醛树脂2-4,凹凸棒土15-20,木质纤维素5-10,聚丙二醇2-3,松香季戊四醇酯2-4,单甘油硬脂酸酯1-2,聚乙烯蜡2-4,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯0.3-0.5,硅烷复合剂3-6;
所述的硅烷复合剂由下述重量份的原料制得:硅烷偶联剂A-151 1-3,氟碳表面活性剂FC-4430 0.2-0.4,过氧化二异丙苯0.05-0.1,二月桂酸二丁基锡0.1-0.2,抗氧剂1010 0.2-0.5;制备方法是将硅烷偶联剂A-151、过氧化二异丙苯、二月桂酸二丁基锡和抗氧剂1010混合并200-400r/min搅拌10-15min后再加入氟碳表面活性剂FC-443 600-800r/min搅拌3-5min,即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗开裂硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)先将凹凸棒土300-400℃条件下处理1-2h,再与木质纤维素混合并100-120℃处理0.5-1h,冷却后研磨均匀,过500-600目筛,得混合填料;
(2)将聚丙二醇加入反应釜中真空干燥0.5-1h,然后将温度调至70-80℃,并加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯于真空条件下200-400r/min搅拌反应2-4h,得聚氨酯预聚体;
(3)将(1)中的混合填料与(2)中的聚氨酯预聚体混合后加入线性酚醛树脂,先于800-1000r/min搅拌1-2h,再加入松香季戊四醇酯和单甘油硬脂酸酯共同球磨2-4h,得改性填料;
(4)先将(3)中的改性填料与低密度聚乙烯树脂、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物混合均匀,再加入其余原料在高速混合机中80-90℃条件下混合5-10min,最后通过双螺杆挤出机165-195℃熔融挤出、造粒、包装,即得硅烷交联聚乙烯绝缘复合材料。
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CN105949581A (zh) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-09-21 | 温州泓呈祥科技有限公司 | 一种包含纳米钙钛矿氧化物LaxSr1-xCoO3的阻燃电缆绝缘材料的制备方法及用途 |
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