CN105014457B - Tool magazine assembly - Google Patents

Tool magazine assembly Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN105014457B
CN105014457B CN201410170338.1A CN201410170338A CN105014457B CN 105014457 B CN105014457 B CN 105014457B CN 201410170338 A CN201410170338 A CN 201410170338A CN 105014457 B CN105014457 B CN 105014457B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
magnet
cutterhead
tool magazine
positioning
attraction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201410170338.1A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN105014457A (en
Inventor
沈海涛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suzhou Vega Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Vega CNC Technology Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vega CNC Technology Suzhou Co Ltd filed Critical Vega CNC Technology Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority to CN201410170338.1A priority Critical patent/CN105014457B/en
Publication of CN105014457A publication Critical patent/CN105014457A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN105014457B publication Critical patent/CN105014457B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Abstract

A kind of tool magazine assembly, it includes tool magazine box and pluggable the cutterhead being arranged in the tool magazine box, the tool magazine box includes the first roof, the first side wall extended downwardly from the side of first roof and the second sidewall extended downwardly from the opposite side of first roof, wherein described first roof, the first side wall and second sidewall surround to accommodate the receiving space of the cutterhead, and the tool magazine box realizes positioning with the cutterhead using the attraction and/or repulsive force of magnet.Compared with prior art, the present invention realizes the positioning of tool magazine box and cutterhead using the attraction and/or repulsive force of magnet, the dimension precision requirement of fin and groove is reduced, so as to reduce processing cost;Furthermore it is possible to easily carry out the plug of cutterhead, the replacing to cutter in tool magazine is realized.

Description

Tool magazine assembly
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tool magazine assembly, more particularly to a kind of tool magazine dress applied on printed circuit board drilling machine Part.
Background technology
Printed circuit board drilling machine(PCB drilling machines)Because needed for technique, it is desirable to configure the cutter of different-diameter.To realize certainly It is dynamic to pick and place knife and convenient operation, the cutterhead for configuring various cutters is inserted into tool magazine box according to status requirement and forms tool magazine Assembly.In process of production, it is necessary to plug cutterhead manually easily be carried out, so as to change the cutter on cutterhead.
It please join shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, existing tool magazine assembly is by the rear end face 11 ' of cutterhead 1 ' with being arranged on tool magazine case The rear position plate 21 ' of the rear end of body 2 ' is contacted to realize pre-determined bit;Ball is positioned using having at the top of tool magazine box 2 ' is installed on Bulb plunger 22 ' is pointed to be arranged on the positioning taper hole 12 ' at the top of cutterhead 1 ' to realize positioning;Meanwhile utilize the convex of cutterhead 1 ' The relatively small gap of the groove 23 ' of rib 13 ' and tool magazine box 2 ', to realize that cutterhead 1 ' and the relative position of tool magazine box 2 ' are consolidated It is fixed.
However, existing tool magazine assembly is guarantee position fixed precision, to the fin 13 ' and tool magazine box 2 ' of cutterhead 1 ' The dimension precision requirement of groove 23 ' it is tighter.In addition, bulb plunger 22 ' is a kind of elastic component, the size of its elastic force is more difficult Ensure, it is less than normal to influence locating effect, the abrasion bigger than normal that contraposition part can be caused.
Therefore, it is necessary to existing technology is improved, to solve above-mentioned technical problem.
The content of the invention
Tool magazine assembly that is relatively low it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cost and being easy to plug.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:A kind of tool magazine assembly, it include tool magazine box and The cutterhead being arranged on pluggablely in the tool magazine box, the tool magazine box include the first roof, from first roof The first side wall that side extends downwardly and the second sidewall extended downwardly from the opposite side of first roof, wherein described First roof, the first side wall and second sidewall surround to accommodate the receiving space of the cutterhead, the tool magazine box and institute Cutterhead is stated using the attraction and/or repulsive force of magnet to realize positioning.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, the tool magazine box is with the cutterhead in fore-and-aft direction and left and right Direction positioning, the repulsion that the tool magazine box passes through magnet with the cutterhead in above-below direction are realized by the attraction of magnet Power positions to realize.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, the front end of first roof is provided with the first magnet, the knife The front end of disk is provided with the first iron block, and first magnet realizes fore-and-aft direction with first iron block using the attraction of magnet Positioning;Or
The front end of first roof is provided with the first magnet, and the front end of the cutterhead is provided with and foregoing first magnet polarities phase Anti- another block of magnet, the positioning of fore-and-aft direction is realized with the attraction using foregoing two blocks of magnet;Or
The front end of first roof is provided with the first iron block, and the front end of the cutterhead is provided with the first magnet, first magnetic Iron realizes the positioning of fore-and-aft direction with first iron block using the attraction of magnet.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, the front end of first roof is provided with mounting blocks, positioned at described First magnet or the first iron block of the front end of first roof are installed on the mounting blocks.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, the first side wall is provided with the second magnet, and the one of the cutterhead Side is provided with the second iron block, and second magnet realizes determining for left and right directions with second iron block using the attraction of magnet Position;Or
The first side wall is provided with the second magnet, and the side of the cutterhead is provided with opposite with foregoing second magnet polarities another One block of magnet, the positioning of left and right directions is realized with attraction using foregoing two blocks of magnet;Or
The first side wall is provided with the second iron block, and the side of the cutterhead is provided with the second magnet, second magnet and institute State the second iron block and realized using the attraction of magnet the positioning of left and right directions.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, the first side wall is provided with described second that two block gaps are set Magnet, the side of the cutterhead are provided with second iron block in strip, and second magnet utilizes magnetic with second iron block The attraction of iron realizes the positioning of left and right directions.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, the second sidewall is provided with the 3rd magnet, the cutterhead it is another Side be provided with foregoing another block of magnet of 3rd magnet polarities identical, a left side is realized with repulsive force using foregoing two blocks of magnet The positioning of right direction.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, the second sidewall is provided with the described 3rd that two block gaps are set Magnet, the 3rd magnet are symmetrical arranged with second magnet.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, first roof is provided with the 4th magnet, the cutterhead it is upper Wall be provided with described another block of magnet of 4th magnet polarities identical, with the repulsive force using this two blocks of magnet come realize up and down The positioning in direction.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, the first side wall and the second sidewall are equipped with laterally cruelly The groove of the receiving space is exposed to, the both sides of the cutterhead are provided with the fin with the fit depressions.
Compared with prior art, the present invention realizes tool magazine box and cutterhead using the attraction and/or repulsive force of magnet Positioning, the dimension precision requirement of fin and groove is reduced, so as to reduce processing cost;In addition, the attraction using magnet Power and/or repulsive force position to realize, can easily carry out the plug of cutterhead, realize the replacing to cutter in tool magazine.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of existing tool magazine assembly.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 diagrammatic cross-section.
Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view of the tool magazine assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 three-dimensional exploded view.
Fig. 5 is Fig. 3 left view.
Fig. 6 is Fig. 3 top view.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the first angle along Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the sectional view of the second angle along Fig. 6.
Embodiment
It please join shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 8, present invention is disclosed a kind of tool magazine assembly 100, and it includes tool magazine box 1 and can inserted The cutterhead 2 to rise sheer from level ground in the tool magazine box 1.The tool magazine box 1 and the cutterhead 2 using magnet attraction and/ Or repulsive force positions to realize, in order to carry out the plug of cutterhead 2, realizes the replacing to cutter in tool magazine.
The tool magazine box 1 is substantially inverted U shape, and it includes the first roof 10, downward from the side of first roof 10 The second sidewall 12 that the first side wall 11 of extension and opposite side from first roof 10 extend downwardly.Wherein described One roof 10, the first side wall 11 and second sidewall 12 surround to accommodate the receiving space 13 of the cutterhead 2.First top The front end of wall 10 is provided with a mounting blocks 101, and the mounting blocks 101 are L-shaped, and its one end is fixed on the upper of first roof 10 On surface, the other end is located at the front end of the receiving space 13.
The cutterhead 2 includes cutterhead handle 21, tool section 22 and some drill bits 23 on the tool section 22.It is overall On see, the cutterhead 2 is similar to a drawer.
In illustrative embodiments of the present invention, the tool magazine box 1 passes through magnet in the longitudinal direction with the cutterhead 2 Attraction realize positioning, the tool magazine box 1 and the cutterhead 2 in the lateral direction simultaneously by the attraction of magnet and Repulsive force positions to realize, it is fixed that the tool magazine box 1 is realized by the repulsive force of magnet in the vertical direction with the cutterhead 2 Position.It should be noted that only a kind of attraction or repulsive force are not limited in same direction.
Specifically, the front end of first roof 10 is provided with the first magnet 111 being installed on the mounting blocks 101, institute The front end for stating cutterhead 2 is provided with the first iron block 211, attraction of first magnet 111 with first iron block 211 using magnet To realize the positioning of fore-and-aft direction.It is understood that first magnet 111 can exchange position with first iron block 211 Put, i.e., the front end of described first roof 10 is provided with the first iron block 211 being installed on the mounting blocks 101, before the cutterhead 2 End is provided with the first magnet 111, and first magnet 111 is realized front and rear with first iron block 211 using the attraction of magnet The positioning in direction.Certainly, in other embodiments, the front end of first roof 10 is provided with and is installed on the mounting blocks 101 On the first magnet 111, the front end of the cutterhead 2 be provided with the opposite polarity another block of magnet of foregoing first magnet 111, so as to The positioning of fore-and-aft direction can be realized using the attraction of foregoing two blocks of magnet.
The first side wall 11 is provided with the second magnet 112, and the upper wall surface side of the cutterhead 2 is provided with the second iron block 212, institute State the positioning that the second magnet 112 realizes left and right directions with second iron block 212 using the attraction of magnet.It is appreciated that It is that second magnet 112 can exchange position with second iron block 212, i.e., described the first side wall 11 is provided with the second iron block 212, the upper wall surface side of the cutterhead 2 is provided with the second magnet 112, and second magnet 112 utilizes with second iron block 212 The attraction of magnet realizes the positioning of left and right directions.Certainly, in other embodiments, the first side wall 11 is provided with second Magnet 112, the upper wall surface side of the cutterhead 2 be provided with the opposite polarity another block of magnet of foregoing second magnet 112, so as to The positioning of left and right directions is realized using the attraction of foregoing two blocks of magnet.
The second sidewall 12 is provided with the 3rd magnet 113, and the upper wall surface opposite side of the cutterhead 2 is provided with and foregoing 3rd magnetic Iron another block of magnet 213 of 113 polarity identical, so as to realize determining for left and right directions using the repulsive force of foregoing two blocks of magnet Position.So by simultaneously using the attraction and repulsive force of magnet, may be such that tool magazine box 1 is fixed with cutterhead 2 in the lateral direction Position is stable, avoid on two side and meanwhile attraction is set or repulsive force produced by position caused by counteracting it is unstable.
Certainly, in other embodiments or the upper wall surface of the second sidewall 12 and the cutterhead 2 utilizes magnetic The attraction of iron realizes the positioning of left and right directions, and the upper wall surface of the first side wall 11 and the cutterhead 2 then utilizes magnet Repulsive force realize the positioning of left and right directions.Specially:The second sidewall 12 is provided with the 3rd magnet 113, the cutterhead 2 Upper wall surface opposite side is provided with the 3rd iron block, and the 3rd magnet 113 is realized with the 3rd iron block using the attraction of magnet The positioning of left and right directions;Certainly, the 3rd magnet 113 can also exchange position with the 3rd iron block 213, i.e., and described second Side wall 12 is provided with the 3rd iron block, and the upper wall surface opposite side of the cutterhead 2 is provided with the 3rd magnet 113, the 3rd magnet 113 and institute State the positioning that the 3rd iron block realizes left and right directions using the attraction of magnet;Or the second sidewall 12 is provided with the 3rd magnet 113, the upper wall surface opposite side of the cutterhead 2 be provided with the opposite polarity another block of magnet of foregoing 3rd magnet 113, so as to profit The positioning of left and right directions is realized with the attraction of foregoing two blocks of magnet.The first side wall 11 is provided with the second magnet 112, described The upper wall surface side of cutterhead 2 be provided with another block of magnet of foregoing second magnet, 112 polarity identical, so as to utilize foregoing two pieces The repulsive force of magnet realizes the positioning of left and right directions.
Certainly, in other embodiments, also can be only sharp between the first side wall 11 and the upper wall surface of the cutterhead 2 The positioning of the tool magazine box 1 and the cutterhead 2 is realized with the attraction of magnet;Or only in the second sidewall 12 and institute The positioning for realizing the tool magazine box 1 and the cutterhead 2 between the upper wall surface of cutterhead 2 using the attraction of magnet is stated, in this Repeat no more.
In illustrative embodiments of the present invention, second magnet 112 and the 3rd magnet 113 be two pieces and Every setting, second magnet 112 is symmetrically located in the both sides of the tool magazine box 1 with the 3rd magnet 113.Described second Iron block 212 and the magnet 213 are in strip, and are symmetrically located in the upper wall surface both sides of the cutterhead 2.
First roof 10 is additionally provided with the 4th magnet 114, and the upper wall surface of the cutterhead 2 is additionally provided with and the 4th magnet 114 another block of polarity identical magnet 214, so as to realize the positioning of above-below direction using the repulsive force of this two blocks of magnet, And then it is easy to the plug of the cutterhead 2.In illustrative embodiments of the present invention, the 4th magnet 114 and the magnet 214 It is two pieces and is arranged at intervals.Generally, the 4th magnet 114 is respectively in medium position with the magnet 214.
Certainly, the tool magazine box 1 and the cutterhead 2 can also be used in the vertical direction magnet attraction it is fixed to realize Position, only opposite polarity two blocks of magnet need to be correspondingly arranged in the upper wall surface of first roof 10 and the cutterhead 2, in this Repeat no more.
In addition, the first side wall 11 and the second sidewall 12 are equipped with laterally exposed to the recessed of the receiving space 13 Groove 115, the both sides of the cutterhead 2 are provided with the fin 215 being engaged with the groove 115.The groove 115 and fin 215 With being combined into loose fit.
Compared to prior art, the present invention realizes tool magazine box 1 and cutterhead using the attraction and/or repulsive force of magnet 2 positioning, the dimension precision requirement of fin 215 and groove 115 is reduced, so as to reduce processing cost.In addition, the present invention can With without setting bulb plunger of the prior art, so as to thoroughly avoid the shadow that the elastic force of elastic component is difficult to ensure that Ring, improve installation effectiveness and stability.In addition, realizing positioning using the attraction and/or repulsive force of magnet, can facilitate Ground carries out the plug of cutterhead 2, realizes the replacing to cutter in tool magazine.
It should be noted that:Above example is merely to illustrate the present invention and not limits technical side described in the invention Case, although this specification with reference to the above embodiments to present invention has been detailed description, the common skill of this area Art personnel should be appreciated that person of ordinary skill in the field still can modify or equivalent substitution to the present invention, and All do not depart from the technical scheme of the spirit and scope of the present invention and its improvement, all should cover in scope of the presently claimed invention It is interior.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of tool magazine assembly, it includes tool magazine box and pluggable the cutterhead being arranged in the tool magazine box, described Tool magazine box includes the first roof, the first side wall extended downwardly from the side of first roof and pushed up from described first The second sidewall that the opposite side of wall extends downwardly, wherein the first roof, the first side wall and the second sidewall surround to hold Receive the receiving space of the cutterhead, it is characterised in that:The tool magazine box and attraction of the cutterhead using magnet and repulsion Power is positioned to realize, the tool magazine box is realized with the cutterhead in fore-and-aft direction and left and right directions by the attraction of magnet Positioning, the tool magazine box realize positioning in above-below direction with the cutterhead by the repulsive force of magnet;
The front end of first roof is provided with the first magnet, and the front end of the cutterhead is provided with the first iron block, first magnet with First iron block realizes the positioning of fore-and-aft direction using the attraction of magnet;Or
The front end of first roof is provided with the first magnet, and the front end of the cutterhead is provided with opposite with foregoing first magnet polarities Another block of magnet, the positioning of fore-and-aft direction is realized with attraction using foregoing two blocks of magnet;Or
The front end of first roof is provided with the first iron block, and the front end of the cutterhead is provided with the first magnet, first magnet with First iron block realizes the positioning of fore-and-aft direction using the attraction of magnet.
2. tool magazine assembly as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The front end of first roof is provided with mounting blocks, position First magnet or the first iron block in the front end of first roof are installed on the mounting blocks.
3. tool magazine assembly as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The first side wall is provided with the second magnet, and the side of the cutterhead is provided with the second iron block, second magnet and described the Two iron blocks realize the positioning of left and right directions using the attraction of magnet;Or
The first side wall is provided with the second magnet, and the side of the cutterhead is provided with another piece opposite with foregoing second magnet polarities Magnet, the positioning of left and right directions is realized with attraction using foregoing two blocks of magnet;Or
The first side wall is provided with the second iron block, and the side of the cutterhead is provided with the second magnet, second magnet and described the Two iron blocks realize the positioning of left and right directions using the attraction of magnet.
4. tool magazine assembly as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The first side wall is provided with the institute that two block gaps are set The second magnet is stated, the side of the cutterhead is provided with second iron block in strip, second magnet and second iron block The positioning of left and right directions is realized using the attraction of magnet.
5. tool magazine assembly as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that:
The second sidewall is provided with the 3rd magnet, and the opposite side of the cutterhead is provided with another with foregoing 3rd magnet polarities identical Block magnet, the positioning of left and right directions is realized with repulsive force using foregoing two blocks of magnet.
6. tool magazine assembly as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that:The second sidewall is provided with the institute that two block gaps are set The 3rd magnet is stated, the 3rd magnet is symmetrical arranged with second magnet.
7. tool magazine assembly as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:First roof is provided with the 4th magnet, the knife The upper wall surface of disk be provided with described another block of magnet of 4th magnet polarities identical, with the repulsive force using this two blocks of magnet come reality The positioning of existing above-below direction.
8. tool magazine assembly as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7 in one of claims, it is characterised in that:The first side wall and described Second sidewall is equipped with the groove for being laterally exposed to the receiving space, and the both sides of the cutterhead are provided with and the fit depressions Fin.
CN201410170338.1A 2014-04-25 2014-04-25 Tool magazine assembly Active CN105014457B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410170338.1A CN105014457B (en) 2014-04-25 2014-04-25 Tool magazine assembly

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410170338.1A CN105014457B (en) 2014-04-25 2014-04-25 Tool magazine assembly

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105014457A CN105014457A (en) 2015-11-04
CN105014457B true CN105014457B (en) 2017-12-29

Family

ID=54404944

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201410170338.1A Active CN105014457B (en) 2014-04-25 2014-04-25 Tool magazine assembly

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN105014457B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112719337B (en) * 2020-12-30 2022-08-19 深圳市大族数控科技股份有限公司 Automatic tool changing device and drilling machine

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2628212Y (en) * 2003-06-17 2004-07-28 深圳市大族数控科技有限公司 Cutters storage reservoir for PCB drilling machine
CN201217157Y (en) * 2008-05-30 2009-04-08 黎丽 Quick tool-exchanging structure of machine tool

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007268652A (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-18 Hitachi Via Mechanics Ltd Tool holder and printed circuit board processing machine
CN201511391U (en) * 2009-06-09 2010-06-23 王国仲 Cutting tool module for cutting circuit board
CN201659309U (en) * 2010-04-21 2010-12-01 维嘉数控科技(苏州)有限公司 Magazine tool positioning mechanism of PCB drilling machine
CN203437692U (en) * 2013-07-26 2014-02-19 深圳市大族激光科技股份有限公司 Anti-fall device of cutter head
CN203510330U (en) * 2013-10-15 2014-04-02 深圳市强华科技发展有限公司 Multi-end FPC numerical control drilling machine
CN203918595U (en) * 2014-04-25 2014-11-05 维嘉数控科技(苏州)有限公司 Tool magazine assembly

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2628212Y (en) * 2003-06-17 2004-07-28 深圳市大族数控科技有限公司 Cutters storage reservoir for PCB drilling machine
CN201217157Y (en) * 2008-05-30 2009-04-08 黎丽 Quick tool-exchanging structure of machine tool

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105014457A (en) 2015-11-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
TW201613190A (en) Card connector
CN105014457B (en) Tool magazine assembly
JP6668749B2 (en) Holder joint
CN203918595U (en) Tool magazine assembly
CN106424309B (en) A kind of fire-fighting host shell side wall hole punched device
CN205096734U (en) Special tool board of radium -shine drilling of FPC
CN104148795A (en) Parallel seam welding packaging device
CN204366119U (en) Set and Positioning frock is used in the processing of slips lateral aperture
CN203696022U (en) Substrate copper sheet aligning machine
KR20180093861A (en) Holder joint
CN205312396U (en) Belt conveyor's belt guide block
CN204308358U (en) The guide wire apparatus of wire cutting machine tool
TWM533337U (en) Electrical connector
CN204663538U (en) The spacing wheel seat of a kind of shield machine assembling machine
US9878372B2 (en) Machining equipment
CN204270223U (en) A kind of hard disk installing device
CN205927900U (en) Work board with function is marked to position
CN204361017U (en) A kind of axle processing positioning tool
CN204773063U (en) Scalable ceramic tile cutting machine
CN103639500A (en) Vertical milling cutter
CN204195318U (en) For the clamping device of processing small shaft side opening
CN204103156U (en) Socket electric connector, plug electric connector and electric connector combination
CN204977091U (en) Large -scale marble cutter cutting member mount
CN203932420U (en) Electric connector for socket
CN206277377U (en) A kind of pcb board bay

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
CP03 Change of name, title or address

Address after: No.188 Chuangyuan Road, industrial park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000

Patentee after: Suzhou Weijia Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 215021 No.188, Xincheng Road, Dushuhu science and Education Innovation Zone, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu Province

Patentee before: VEGA CNC TECHNOLOGY (SUZHOU) Co.,Ltd.

CP03 Change of name, title or address