CN105010185A - Method for sponges to release larvae in a concentrated manner by light induction - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for light-induced intensive discharge of larvae by sponge animals, relating to sponge animals. In the natural sea area, select the adult sponge attached to the rope or fishing net for breeding; cut a small opening near the water outlet hole of the sponge, and observe the amount of eggs that the mother's body has at the base of the water outlet; Slightly smaller sieve, the larvae collection net is in the shape of an upside-down wine bottle, and a net with a smaller mesh is selected at the neck of the bottle, and the mouth of the bottle is connected to the larvae receiving tank; after the sun sets, a cover is set above the mother body; The cover is removed, and the larvae collection net is placed outside the entire sponge mother; after sunrise, the sponge mother is moved from the larvae collection net to the natural sea area for breeding, and the larvae are collected the next day; the larvae collection net is lifted, and the seawater naturally Strain out, let the larvae collect in the collection tank at the bottom, remove the collection tank, and move the larvae to a culture attachment container. The operation is simple and safe, no additional chemicals are needed, and the efficiency is high.

Description

A method for light-induced spongy discharge of larvae

technical field

The invention relates to sponge animals, in particular to a method for light-induced spongy animals to discharge larvae intensively.

Background technique

Sponges are the simplest multicellular animals. Most of them live sedentarily in the ocean. There are two forms of single and group life, and only a small number of them live in fresh water. Sponges have no mesoderm, no differentiation of tissues and organs, and the immune mechanism is not very clear. These special structures also provide a guarantee for the symbiosis of a wide variety of microorganisms in the sponge. It is precisely because the secondary metabolites produced by these symbiotic microorganisms have become the source of precious compounds for sponges, and have also become the object of research by researchers from all over the world.

Sponge is the largest source of known marine natural products due to its wide variety, wide distribution and complex and diverse secondary metabolites. Such a wide variety of new compounds provide a strong material reserve for humans to overcome various diseases, and sponge animals deserve to be the most important drug source organisms. People have extracted and proved biologically active substances from sponges, mainly terpenes, sterols, alkaloids, ceramides, macrolides and polypeptides, etc., but the content of active compounds in sponges is very limited . Therefore, in order to use such an important active substance for human health, the problem of drug source supply should be solved first, and the artificial breeding of sponges is the most effective way to solve the drug source supply in the short term without reducing the efficacy of the drug.

Because sponges have a large amount of fecundity, which can reach 80-100 ind/g body weight, the fastest way for large-scale proliferation of sponges is to carry out sexual reproduction of sponges, and to obtain a large number of larvae in a short period of time is to carry out large-scale sponge production prerequisite for growth. Most of the sponge animals are fertilized in vivo, and the fertilized eggs are gradually released after they mature in the body.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for light-induced spongy discharge of larvae.

The present invention comprises the following steps:

1) In the natural sea area, select the adult sponges attached to the ropes or fishing nets used for cultivation;

2) cut a small opening near the water outlet hole of the sponge animal, and observe the amount of fecundity of the sponge mother body at the base of the water outlet hole;

3) Select the sponge mother body with large embryo content and mature development;

4) prepare a larva collection net, and the net clothing selects the screen cloth that is slightly smaller than the sponge embryo diameter, and the larva collection net is an upside-down wine bottle shape, selects the net clothing with mesh smaller in the bottleneck part, and the bottleneck connects the larva receiving tank;

5) After the sun sets, a cover is set above the sponge matrix;

6) Remove the cover above the sponge mother body before sunrise, and simultaneously cover the larva collection net outside the entire sponge mother body;

7) After sunrise, the sponge mother is moved from the larvae collection net to the natural sea area for breeding, and waits for the next day to continue to collect the larvae;

8) Lift the larvae collection net, and the seawater will filter out naturally, let the larvae gather in the collection tank at the bottom, remove the collection tank, move the larvae to the attachment container for cultivation, and wait for the follow-up operation.

In step 2), the length of the small opening may be 2-3 cm.

In step 3), the signs of more mature development can be: if the sponge animal is a locust sponge, the embryo is lavender; if the sponge animal is a panting moss sponge, the embryo is bright orange; if the sponge animal is a simple bone sponge order, a black ciliated ring appears on the top of the embryo;

In step 4), the diameter of the sponge embryo is 500 to 800 μm, and the sieve can adopt a 60-mesh nylon sieve; the smaller net of the mesh can adopt a 100-mesh net; the larva receiving tank can be A conveniently disassembled larva receiving tank is adopted.

In step 5), the cover can be made of black cloth or planks to reduce stray light and avoid interference;

In step 6), the covering above the sponge mother body is removed before sunrise, preferably 1-2 hours before sunrise; the covering operation of the mother body is performed before sunrise The reasons are: (1) 60 or 100-mesh sieves will be obviously blocked after soaking in the natural sea area for more than 5 hours. If the sponge parent is put into the collection net too early, it will easily lead to hypoxia and death; (2) the sponge does not discharge larvae in the middle of the night habits, so there is no need to worry about losing hatchlings in the first half of the night.

In step 7), the mother sponge is moved from the larvae collection net to the natural sea area for cultivation after sunrise, preferably 1 to 2 hours after sunrise, the sponge mother body is moved from the larvae collection net to the natural sea area for cultivation.

Through long-term continuous observation, it is found that the discharge of larvae of sponges is closely related to light. Generally, after a long period of light, once there is a weak light stimulus, the mother will discharge a large number of larvae in a short period of time. The invention utilizes the characteristic of the sponge to provide a set of methods for inducing the ovulation of the sponge animal mother in situ.

The present invention has the following outstanding advantages:

1) The operation is simple and safe, without adding additional chemicals;

2) The efficiency is high. Taking the leaf mountain sponge as an example, a mother of about 1.5kg can harvest an average of 2000-3000 ind of larvae in one morning during the breeding season.

Detailed ways

The following examples will further illustrate the present invention.

The present invention comprises the following steps:

1) In the natural sea area, select the adult sponges attached to the ropes or fishing nets used for cultivation;

2) Cut a small opening of 2 to 3 cm near the water outlet hole of the sponge animal, and observe the amount of fecundity of the sponge mother body at the base of the water outlet hole;

3) Select a sponge parent with a large embryo content and more mature development; the more mature sign of the development can be: if the sponge is a leaf mountain sponge, the embryo is lavender; if the sponge is a panting moss sponge, the embryo is bright Orange; if the sponge is of the order Osteospongos, a ring of black cilia appears on the top of the embryo;

4) prepare a larva collection net, and the net clothing selects the screen cloth that is slightly smaller than sponge embryo diameter for use, and the larva collection net is an upside-down wine bottle shape, selects the net clothing with mesh smaller in the bottleneck part, and the bottleneck connects the larva receiving tank; The diameter of the sponge embryo is 500-800 μm, and the sieve can be a 60-mesh nylon sieve; the net with a smaller mesh can be a 100-mesh net; the larva receiving tank can be easily disassembled. .

5) After the sun sets, a cover is set above the sponge matrix; the cover can be black cloth or plank, etc., to reduce stray light and avoid interference;

6) Remove the cover above the sponge parent body before sunrise, and simultaneously cover the larva collection net outside the entire sponge parent body; remove the cover above the sponge parent body before sunrise, preferably before sunrise Remove the cover above the sponge mother body in 1 to 2 hours; wrap the mother body before sunrise because: (1) 60 or 100 mesh screens will be obviously clogged after soaking in natural sea areas for more than 5 hours, if the sponge mother body is too Putting it into the collection net early will easily lead to hypoxia and death; (2) the sponge does not have the habit of discharging larvae in the first half of the night, so there is no need to worry about the loss of larvae in the first half of the night.

7) After sunrise, the sponge mother is moved from the larvae collection net to the natural sea area for cultivation, and the larvae are collected the next day; after sunrise, the sponge mother is moved from the larvae collection net to the natural sea area for cultivation, preferably Move the mother sponge from the larvae collection net to the natural sea area for breeding 1-2 hours after sunrise.

8) Lift the larvae collection net, and the seawater will filter out naturally, let the larvae gather in the collection tank at the bottom, remove the collection tank, move the larvae to the attachment container for cultivation, and wait for the follow-up operation.

Experiments have shown that if the leaf mountain sponge is used, 4000 ind/(kg sponge) of larvae can be collected in one morning; if the panting moss sponge is used, 2000 ind/(kg sponge) of larvae can be collected in one morning.

Claims (9)

1. the method that light induces sponge animal to concentrate on discharging larvae, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps: 1) In the natural sea area, select the adult sponges attached to the ropes or fishing nets used for cultivation; 2) cut a small opening near the water outlet hole of the sponge animal, and observe the amount of fecundity of the sponge mother body at the base of the water outlet hole; 3) Select the sponge mother body with large embryo content and mature development; 4) prepare a larva collection net, and the net clothing selects the screen cloth that is slightly smaller than the sponge embryo diameter, and the larva collection net is an upside-down wine bottle shape, selects the net clothing with mesh smaller in the bottleneck part, and the bottleneck connects the larva receiving tank; 5) After the sun sets, a cover is set above the sponge matrix; 6) Remove the cover above the sponge mother body before sunrise, and simultaneously cover the larva collection net outside the entire sponge mother body; 7) After sunrise, the sponge mother is moved from the larvae collection net to the natural sea area for breeding, and waits for the next day to continue to collect the larvae; 8) Lift the larvae collection net, and the seawater will filter out naturally, let the larvae gather in the collection tank at the bottom, remove the collection tank, move the larvae to the attachment container for cultivation, and wait for the follow-up operation. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 2), the length of the small mouth is 2 to 3 cm. 3. as claimed in claim 1, the method for light-induced spongy to discharge larvae concentratedly, is characterized in that in step 3), the more mature sign of said development is: if the spongy is a leaf mountain sponge, the embryo is lavender; if Sponges are panting moss sponges, and the embryos are bright orange; if the sponges are Sclerospons, a ring of black cilia appears on the top of the embryo. 4. The method for light-induced spongy discharge of larvae in a concentrated manner according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 4), the diameter of the sponge embryo is 500-800 μm. 5. as claimed in claim 1, the method for light-induced spongy discharge larvae concentrated by illumination, is characterized in that in step 4), the sieve adopts 60 order nylon sieves; the smaller net clothing of the described mesh can adopt 100 mesh. Net clothes. 6. The method for light-induced spongy discharge of larvae concentrated by light as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in step 4), the larva receiving tank adopts a larva receiving tank that is convenient to disassemble. 7. The method for light-induced spongy discharge larvae as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in step 5), the cover adopts a black cloth or a plank. 8. The method for light-induced spongy discharge of larvae concentrated by light as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in step 6), the cover above the sponge mother body is removed before sunrise, which is 1-10 minutes before sunrise. 2h Remove the cover above the sponge matrix. 9. as claimed in claim 1, illumination induces the method for spongy concentrated discharge larvae, it is characterized in that in step 7) in, described after sunrise, sponge mother body is moved to natural sea area culture from larvae collection net, is in day After 1-2 hours, the mother sponge is moved from the larva collection net to the natural sea area for breeding.