CN105008869B - 流量传感器 - Google Patents

流量传感器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105008869B
CN105008869B CN201480011766.8A CN201480011766A CN105008869B CN 105008869 B CN105008869 B CN 105008869B CN 201480011766 A CN201480011766 A CN 201480011766A CN 105008869 B CN105008869 B CN 105008869B
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China
Prior art keywords
cover body
flow sensor
laser
housing
cast gate
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CN201480011766.8A
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English (en)
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CN105008869A (zh
Inventor
荒井聪
角田重晴
田代忍
森野毅
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Hitachi Astemo Ltd
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Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
    • G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
    • G01F15/14—Casings, e.g. of special material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/1661—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined scanning repeatedly, e.g. quasi-simultaneous laser welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/244—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being non-straight, e.g. forming non-closed contours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322—Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B29C66/53462—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies joining substantially flat covers and substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/735—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7352—Thickness, e.g. very thin
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
    • G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
    • G01F1/6842—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow with means for influencing the fluid flow
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F5/00—Measuring a proportion of the volume flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/65—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles with a relative motion between the article and the welding tool
    • B29C66/652—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles with a relative motion between the article and the welding tool moving the welding tool around the fixed article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7315—Mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
    • B29C66/73775—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being crystalline
    • B29C66/73776—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being crystalline the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being crystalline
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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Abstract

本发明提供一种流量传感器的提高罩体与壳体的激光焊接中的接合性的稳定性并使得外观检验成为可能的焊接结构。本发明的流量传感器包括：壳体；罩体；被密封在它们之间且内置有电子部件和配线部的电路室；和供作为传感对象的流体通过的副通路部，至少上述罩体的浇口部附近的使激光透射的一部分的厚度比使激光透射的其它部分的厚度薄。

Description

流量传感器
技术领域
本发明涉及流量传感器及其制造方法。并且，涉及使用激光焊接实现的塑料部件间的接合结构及其方法。
背景技术
在专利文献1(日本特开2002-67165号公报)中，作为在热式流量计等测量仪器中对收纳测量元件的壳体和将它们覆盖的罩体进行激光焊接的方法，公开了在透射性树脂侧的激光照射部设置凹部来缩短透射距离从而高效地进行焊接的方法。另外，在专利文献2(日本特开2009-056722号公报)中，作为激光焊接部的检验方法，公开了在透射性树脂侧设置开口，根据焊接部膨出的状态来判断焊接的方法。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2002-67165号公报
专利文献2：日本特开2009-056722号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的技术问题
流量传感器包括流量检测部和温度检测部，它们被配置在壳体(框架)上。并且，在设置于壳体内的电路室中安装有各种电子部件，为了防止配线部等发生短路或腐蚀等，壳体与罩体之间需要密封。作为将罩体与壳体精密地直接接合，同时不会对电子部件造成损坏的方法，存在激光焊接方法。但根据发明人的研究发现，在利用现有的激光焊接方法来成形PBT树脂制罩体时，浇口附近的透射率低至其它部分的透射率的一半以下，因此需要调整激光功率并抑制速度，存在控制变得复杂，难以进行稳定的焊接的问题，并且，由于浇口附近透射率低，存在无法基于图像进行焊接的外观检验的问题。专利文献1中记载了缩短透射距离的方法，但该方法中激光照射部为凹陷状态，在使用PBT这样的较多散射的结晶性树脂时散射的影响会变大，并且，激光的热输入分布也会变得不稳定，因此会产生尤其是在激光光斑的端部部分焊接状态变得不稳定的问题。
专利文献2所示的检验方法中，由于从该部分会产生大量的热解成分(气体)，加压件受到污染，必须总是进行清洁，因此存在生产效率大幅降低的问题。
因此，本发明的目的在于，在不产生这样的新的问题的情况下，提供一种提高流量传感器的质量和可靠性，同时提高生产效率实现成本降低的罩体与壳体的激光焊接结构。
解决问题的技术手段
为解决上述问题，例如采用权利要求书中记载的技术方案。本发明包括多个解决上述问题的技术方案，其中一例的特征在于：“一种流量传感器，包括：壳体；罩体；被密封在它们之间且内置有电子部件和配线部的电路室；和供作为传感对象的流体通过的副通路部，至少所述罩体的浇口部附近的使激光透射的一部分的厚度比使激光透射的其它部分的厚度薄。”
发明效果
通过采用本发明，能够提供高质量、高可靠性、低成本的流量传感器。
附图说明
图1是使用了本发明的流量传感器的内燃机控制系统的整体图。
图2(A)是表示流量传感器的外观的左视图。
图2(B)是表示流量传感器的外观的主视图。
图3(A)是表示流量传感器的外观的右视图。
图3(B)是表示流量传感器的外观的后视图。
图4(A)是流量传感器的壳体的左视图。
图4(B)是流量传感器的壳体的主视图。
图5(A)是流量传感器的壳体的右视图。
图5(B)是流量传感器的壳体的后视图。
图6(A)是在实施例1中从与激光扫描方向垂直的方向上表示的焊接部的截面图。
图6(B)是在实施例1中从沿着激光扫描方向的方向上表示的焊接部的截面图。
图7是在实施例2中从与激光扫描方向垂直的方向上表示的焊接部的截面图。
图8是实施例3和4中的流量传感器和壳体的主视图。
图9是在实施例3中从与激光扫描方向垂直的方向上表示凹部501的截面图。
图10是表示在实施例3中从与激光扫描方向垂直的方向上表示凹部501的截面图。
图11是实施例5中的流量传感器的壳体的主视图。
图12是实施例5中的将罩体和壳体激光焊接而形成的焊接部的截面图，是从沿着激光扫描方向的方向表示的图。
图13是实施例6中的流量传感器的壳体的主视图。
图14是实施例7中的流量传感器的壳体的主视图。
图15是实施例8中的流量传感器的壳体的主视图。
图16是实施例9中的流量传感器的壳体的主视图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
使用图1说明具有本发明的流量传感器的内燃机控制系统。内燃机110具有发动机气缸112和发动机活塞114，基于该内燃机110的动作，空气被吸入而成为由本发明的热式流量传感器300测量的被测量气体30。吸入的被测量流体30通过空气滤清器122，经主通路124、节流阀体126、进气歧管128被引导至发动机气缸112的燃烧室。基于热式流量传感器300测量出的流量，从燃料喷射阀152供给燃料，该燃料与被测量气体30一起以混合气体的状态被引导至燃烧室。另外，本实施例中使用图1所示的对内燃机的进气口喷射燃料的所谓预混合方式的发动机进行说明，但本发明的热式流量传感器300并不限定于此，也能够使用于对各燃烧室直接喷射燃料的直接喷射方式。
引导至燃烧室的燃料和空气形成为燃料与空气的混合状态，在火花塞154的火花点火的作用下爆发性燃烧，产生机械能。燃烧后的气体从排气阀118引导至排气管，作为排出气体24从排气管排出到车外。引导至燃烧室的空气进气量由与加速踏板连动的节流阀132控制。燃料供给量基于空气进气量被控制，驾驶员通过控制节流阀132的开度来控制空气进气量，从而控制内燃机产生的机械能。
从空气滤清器122吸入而在主通路124中流动的被测量气体30的流量和温度由热式流量传感器300测量，其测量值被输入到控制装置200。另外，测量节流阀132的开度的节流阀角度传感器144的输出被输入到控制装置200，并且发动机活塞114、进气阀116、排气阀118的位置和状态被输入到控制装置200。此外，为了测量内燃机的转速，旋转角度传感器146的输出被输入到控制装置200。为了根据排出气体24的状态测量燃料量与空气量的混合比的状态，氧传感器148的输出被输入到控制装置200。
控制装置200根据热式流量传感器300输出的空气进气量和内燃机的转速来计算燃料喷射量和点火时间。基于该计算结果，控制从燃料喷射阀152供给的燃料量和利用火花塞154进行点火的点火时间。燃料供给量和点火时间实际上还要基于由热式流量传感器300测量的进气温度、节流阀角度的变化状态、发动机转速的变化状态、由氧传感器148测量出的空燃比的状态来精细地控制。控制装置200还在内燃机的怠速运转状态下利用怠速空气控制阀156控制旁通节流阀132的空气量，来控制怠速运转状态下的内燃机转速。
接着使用图2和图3说明热式流量传感器300的外观结构。图2(A)是热式流量传感器300的左视图，图2(B)是主视图，图3(A)是右视图，图3(B)是后视图。
热式流量传感器300包括壳体302、正面罩体303和背面罩体304。壳体302包括：用于将热式流量传感器300固定到主通路124中的凸缘312；设有用于与外部设备进行电连接的外部端子的外部连接部305；和用于测量流量等的测量部310。在测量部310的内部设有用于形成副通路的副通路槽，并且，如图4、5所示在测量部310的内部还设置有电路封装体400，该电路封装体400包括用于测量主通路124中流动的被测量气体30的流量的流量检测部和用于测量主通路124中流动的被测量气体30的温度的温度检测部452。
接着，使用表示拆下正面罩体303和背面罩体304后的壳体302的状态的图4和图5，就热式流量传感器300的内部结构进行说明。
图4(A)是流量传感器的壳体的左视图，图4(B)是主视图。图5(A)是流量传感器的壳体的右视图，图5(B)是后视图。
在图4中，在壳体302设置有用于形成副通路的副通路槽306，通过在壳体302的正面和背面配置罩体，并利用激光使配置在副通路槽306附近的凸起部307与正面罩体303和背面罩体304焊接而完成副通路。
在图5中，主通路124中流动的被测量气体30的一部分从构成入口350的入口槽351被导入至背面侧的副通路槽306内，在背面侧的副通路槽306内流动。背面侧的副通路槽306形成为随着前进而变深的形状，随着沿槽流动，被测量气体30逐渐向正面侧的方向移動。特别是，背面侧的副通路槽306在电路封装体400的上游部342设置有急剧变深的陡倾斜部，质量小的空气的一部分沿着陡倾斜部移动，在电路封装体400的上游部342处，在图4(B)中记载的测量用流路面430流动。另一方面，质量大的异物由于惯性力很难实现急剧的路线变更，因此在图5(B)所示的测量用流路面背面431移动。之后通过电路封装体400的下游部341，在图4(B)中记载的测量用流路面430流动。以上是热式流量传感器300的外观结构和内部结构的说明。
接着，使用图2～7对本发明中的壳体与罩体的激光焊接方法进行说明。激光焊接指的是，在使光透射树脂与光吸收树脂重叠的状态下，隔着光透射树脂照射激光使光吸收树脂的与光透射树脂接触的部分熔融，进而利用从光吸收树脂传递来的热量使光透射树脂熔融来实现接合的方法。由于采用这样的焊接原理，作为光透射树脂使用的罩体303、304优选使用不含着色剂的原色(natural)材料。而作为光吸收树脂使用的壳体302的材料则优选使其含有碳黑而预先使其黑色化的材料。本发明中的壳体302和罩体303、304可使用具有高耐热性的结晶性树脂，例如聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、尼龙6(PA6)、尼龙66(PA66)、尼龙6T(PA6T)等。
另外，本发明的热式流量传感器300中，对于壳体302侧尤其要求高尺寸精度和尺寸稳定性，所以大多添加20％～40％左右的玻璃材料。不过，由于存在激光透射性随玻璃材料的添加而恶化的趋势，因此构成壳体302的热塑性树脂的玻璃纤维添加比例优选与构成罩体303、304的热塑性树脂的玻璃纤维添加比例相同或更高。
另外，结晶性的热塑性树脂，由于成形时的模具温度越低则结晶度越低、透射率越高，因此构成壳体302的热塑性树脂的结晶度优选与构成罩体303、304的热塑性树脂的结晶度相同或更高。
此外，从尺寸精度的观点来看，壳体302的树脂材料优选不仅添加玻璃纤维，还使用含有非晶性树脂的合金类材料。
作为激光焊接所使用的光源，从成本角度来看，包括半导体激光、YAG激光、光纤激光在内的具有红外段波长的激光是有效的，但也可以与树脂的吸收相对应地使用具有其它波长的激光。另外，激光光源的强度分布随附带的透镜的不同而能够为高斯型(gaussian)、平顶型(top-hat)、环型(ring)等多种强度分布，其中使用平顶型、环型能够实现均匀的焊接。在激光照射时，可利用移动台使激光光源或产品物理上移动来进行焊接，也可以使用电流计镜控制激光本身来进行照射。
接着对本发明的激光焊接方法进行说明。首先，将壳体302设置于规定的位置，并高精度地将罩体303、304配置在壳体302上。然后，使用玻璃或丙烯烯树脂等透明的加压件对罩体303、304和壳体302加压。在维持该加压状态的状态下，对电路室的周围进行激光焊接，进而以形成副通路的方式进行激光焊接。
此处，在现有的激光焊接中，由于浇口附近的透射率与其它部分相比为一半以下，因此需要调整激光功率、抑制速度，于是控制会变得复杂，难以实现稳定的焊接。另外，由于浇口附近透射率低，所以在焊接后检验时无法通过外观来判断焊接状态。
作为提高成形品的透射率的方法，可以考虑使用透射率高的材料，或减小厚度，或降低模具温度。其中，就使用透射率高的材料这一观点，根据发明人的研究，由于热式流量传感器300的罩体303、304的材料大多使用PBT等结晶性树脂，并且还含有玻璃纤维等会降低透射率的材料，所以通过材料本身来提高透射率是很困难的。
另外，就在保持罩体303、304的厚度一定的同时减小厚度这一观点，根据发明人的研究，在考虑了PBT树脂的熔融黏度和流动特性的前提下优化成形条件，结果上虽然浇口部以外的透射率能够确认到改善的效果，但浇口部却仍然为较低的状态。
此外，就降低PBT树脂的模具温度这一观点，根据发明人的研究发现，即使在降低到40℃的情况下，熔融树脂所流向的浇口部附近的透射率提高的效果也很小。于是，这些方法对于提高浇口部附近的透射率的效果都很小。
因此，发明人进一步研究发现，浇口附近虽然因为树脂温度高而结晶度高、透射率降低，但由于树脂温度高，所以即使在厚度较薄的部分也能够确保树脂的足够的流动性，能够充填至细小的部分。另外还发现，由于结晶度高，所以即使厚度稍有变薄，就强度本身而言基本上也不会引起什么问题。因此可知，在使用PBT树脂作为罩体材料的情况下，如果只是浇口附近的话，即使将凹部的厚度减薄至0.5mm左右也能够进行成形，而通过使浇口附近的厚度薄于其它部分的厚度，能够在确保强度的基础上大幅降低透射率的不均。
因此，本发明提出这样一种流量传感器，在图2(B)和图3(B)中，分别在罩体303、304的浇口附近设置凹部501，使此处的罩体303、304的厚度比其它部分薄。针对该实施例使用图6进行说明。
图6表示正面罩体303的凹部501的激光焊接部390的截面图，图6(A)表示的是与焊接线垂直的方向，图6(B)表示的是沿着激光焊接线的方向。
图6(A)中通过在正面罩体303设置凹部501，能够提高该部分的激光焊接的稳定性，并使得外观检验成为可能。作为激光焊接的检验方法，存在基于辐射温度进行测量、使用光学干涉进行测量、基于外观进行检验的方式等，但作为能够短时间(节拍时间)直接判定焊接状态好坏的方法，外观检验是最为有效的方法。
另外，一般来说激光焊接大多使用红外段波长，该情况下通过使透射率为20％以上能够良好地形成焊接部390。另外，为了根据外观来掌握焊接部390的状态，必要波段为可见光段，并且该波段的透射率需要大幅高于激光焊接所需的透射率。尤其是在使用CCD进行外观检验的情况下，必要的波段大多为450nm～750nm，在透射率为30％的情况下，约20％左右不能够检测出来或较大的空隙(void)无法检测出来。另一方面，在透射率为35％以上的情况下，检测出的概率为100％，并且能够观察到大的空隙。
另外，在使罩体303、304的浇口部以外的与焊接部390相当的部分的透射率也增大的情况下，透过焊接部390和罩体303、304看到的壳体302不容易带有浓淡区别，存在难以进行图像检验的情况。在这样的情况下，通过使焊接部390附近的不进行焊接的部分的罩体303、304的厚度为使得透射率达到完全无法进行焊接部390的外观观察的20％以下的厚度，焊接部390的图像检验变得容易。即，设定罩体303、304的厚度的比率，使焊接部390处的罩体303、304的透射率与焊接部390以外的部分的透射率之差达到15％以上，从而能够基于图像进行良好的外观检验。另外，在激光焊接时仅考虑激光光源的波长的透射率即可，但外观检验由于依赖于CCD等的灵敏度，因此优选不仅提高红外波段的透射率，还提高可见光的透射率。
另外，为了实现稳定的焊接，图6、图7所示的在罩体303、304的激光照射侧设置的凹部501，需要大于形成于壳体302的凸起307。另外，形成于壳体302的凸起307优选设置在焊接部390的全部部位。
实施例2
使用图7说明本发明的实施例2。本实施例中，不仅在正面罩体303的激光照射面设置有凹部501，在正面罩体303的与壳体302的接合的面侧也设置有凹部308。
在该情况下，设置于正面罩体303的接合面的凹部308也优选设置在焊接部390的全部部位。
在采用使浇口结构置于产品侧面的侧浇口的情况下，为了提高正面罩体303的平面度，可将浇口位置设置在正面罩体303的长度方向上的任意部位。因此，浇口不仅可配置在通路侧，也可以配置在接近凸缘312的电路室侧。该情况下，如图8所示，在电路室侧的正面罩体303设置凹部501即可。
实施例3
使用图9说明本发明的实施例3。本实施例在焊接部390设置了溢边(飞边)，图9表示与焊接线垂直的方向上的截面图。在正面罩体303的激光照射部的设置了凹部501的浇口附近，因为结晶度较高，所以强度比其它的焊接部高，但此处正面罩体303的厚度比其它的焊接部390薄，因此在厚度降低到一半以下时，强度方面可能会出现问题。通过像本实施例这样在焊接部390设置溢边，能够同时实现缓和应力的功能和提高强度的功能。
实施例4
使用图10说明本发明的实施例10。在实施例3中，若较大的溢边延伸至通路部，会导致热式流量传感器300的特性不均增大。因此，本实施例如图10所示，在正面罩体303的与壳体302的接合面侧设置凹部308，将溢边收纳在其内侧。另外，本实施例中的溢边可位于形成激光照射面的凹部501的部分以外的激光焊接部390处，也可以位于其全部部位。
通过使激光550的光斑尺寸大于形成于壳体的凸起307，能够形成本实施例的溢边。如图11所示，通过仅在与正面罩体303的凹部501对应的部分增大激光焊接部390的宽度，能够提高强度。
实施例5
使用图12说明本发明的实施例5。图12是正面罩体303的凹部501的激光焊接部390的沿着激光焊接线的方向的截面图。在正面罩体303的激光照射部的一部分设置有凹部501的情况下，凹部501部分与其以外的激光照射部分相比透射率存在很大差异。并且，激光照射的部分需要尽可能使用经抛光后的镜面，但正面罩体303的凹部501与它以外的较厚部分间的边界附近难以形成为镜面，因此在进行激光焊接时散射也会增大。为此，如图12所示，通过使沿着激光焊接线的方向上的凹部501与它以外的部分间的边界成为倾斜部，能够使透射率差逐渐变化。根据本实施例，能够使激光照射面形成为镜面，对于图像检验而言也能够减小因发生透射率差而带来的影响。倾斜角度优选为15°以下。此外，在激光照射方法中使用了电流计镜的情况下，为了不使正面罩体303的凹部501散射激光，也在照射方向侧设置凹部501的倾斜部。
实施例6
使用图13说明实施例6。图13是流量传感器300的壳体的主视图。实施例1～5中的浇口结构采用侧浇口，但侧浇口需要实施浇口切割的精加工作业，因此成本会过多地增大。因此，本实施例中采用将浇口结构配置在产品的顶面上的针点浇口，从而能够削减成本。不过，在使浇口结构为针点浇口的情况下，熔融树脂辐射状展开，与采用侧浇口时相比，透射率变低的区域存在增大的趋势。在侧浇口的情况下，该区域为自浇口位置起5mm的区域，而针点浇口的情况下该区域为自浇口位置起7～9mm的区域。考虑到这一点，本实施例中，如图13所示将浇口位置设置在形状比较具有各向同性的电路室的中央部，在与电路室的焊接部390对应的整个部分，设置正面罩体303的凹部501的厚度较薄的区域。另外，在采用针点浇口结构的情况下，虽然会自动地进行浇口切割，但会发生浇口切割残留。为此，考虑到浇口切割，优选减小浇口位置的厚度等。
实施例7
使用图14说明实施例7。图14是流量传感器300的壳体的主视图。如正面罩体303的节流部那样，在厚度急剧变厚的部分，成形时的树脂的流动性变差，因此在厚度急剧变厚的电路室与通路部的共用部分，与电路室的其它部分相比，存在透射率变差的趋势。因此，本实施例中，在正面罩体303的电路室与通路部的共用部设置第二凹部502，并使凹部502的平坦部的厚度小于该部分以外的在电路室侧的正面罩体303形成的凹部501的厚度。
实施例8
使用图15说明实施例8。图15是流量传感器300的壳体的主视图。在将浇口位置配置于电路室的中央部的情况下，由于浇口位置与焊接部能够隔开距离，所以可以不在电路室整个部分设置凹部。在这样的情况下，如图15所示，可以仅在电路室与通路部的共用部分，在正面罩体303的激光照射面设置凹部501。
实施例9
使用图16说明实施例9。图16是流量传感器300的壳体的主视图。图16中将针点浇口的位置设置在通路部。在浇口位置采用侧浇口的情况下，作为较为远离焊接部的位置，能够将浇口位置配置在热式流量传感器300的入口或出口的部分，但由于浇口切割部500的形状的不均，会导致特性本身产生不均。然而，在浇口位置采用针点浇口的情况下，浇口切割部500仅处于正面罩体303的厚度方向，能够配置在与空气流动的部分无关的位置。因此，在该情况下，可以将浇口位置配置在通路侧的外周侧。其原因在于，通过尽可能地使树脂在长度方向上流动，正面罩体303的尺寸精度会提高。
如上所述，在任一结构中，在浇口位置为针点浇口的情况下，形成于正面罩体303的凹部501的设置了厚度较薄的平坦部的区域存在增大的趋势，所以可同时采用在焊接部设置溢边或增大焊接面积的方式。另外，在本结构中，激光焊接部390均形成为线状，但就副通路部而言，有时也不必所有部分均焊接。在这样的情况下，形成于罩体303、304的凹部501可以仅存在于其一部分被焊接的部分。另外，在这些发明中，此前大多使用从正面罩体303侧看的图进行说明，但背面罩体304侧也为同样的结构。另外，本文中记载了浇口位置仅一处的情况，但浇口也可以有多个，这时，形成于罩体303、304的凹部501的数量优选与浇口的数量对应。
另外，本发明除了使用于热式流量传感器以外，在技术问题类似的产品上也能够使用，能够应用于普遍的热塑性树脂的激光焊接。作为热塑性树脂的非晶性树脂，能够列举聚苯乙烯(PS)、丙烯腈-苯乙烯(AS)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)、聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚芳酯(PAR)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、环烯烃聚合物(COP)、环烯烃共聚物(COC)、聚砜(PSF)、聚醚砜(PES)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚偏二氯乙稀(PVDC)。作为结晶性树脂，除前述以外，能够列举聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚甲醛(POM)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)。它们的合金材料、含有玻璃纤维等无机物或特殊的添加剂的热塑性树脂也是使用对象。一般而言，非晶性树脂的成形性和透明性较为优异，而结晶性树脂则在耐热性和耐化学性方面较为优异。另外，不仅可应用于热塑性树脂，也能够应用于环氧树脂类等热固性树脂。
附图标记说明
24……排出气体
30……被测量气体
110……内燃机
112……发动机气缸
114……发动机活塞
116……进气阀
118……排气阀
122……空气滤清器
124……主通路
126……节流阀体
128……进气歧管
132……节流阀
144……角度传感器
146……旋转角度传感器
148……氧传感器
152……燃料喷射阀
154……火花塞
156……怠速空气控制阀
200……控制装置
300……热式流量传感器
302……壳体
303……正面罩体
304……背面罩体
305……外部连接部
306……副通路槽
307……激光焊接用的凸起部
308……接合面的凹部
310……测量部
312……凸缘
315……热绝缘部
317……上游侧凸起
318……下游侧凸起
320……端子连接部
322……保护部
324……推出销
326……插入孔
328……定位部
341……下游部
342……上游部
343……入口
350……入口
351……入口槽
353……出口槽
356……凸起部
361……外部端子内端
380……凸起部
381……凸起部
382……空腔部
386……正面侧流路
387……背面侧流路
390……激光焊接部
400……电路封装体
412……连接端子
430……测量用流路面
431……测量用流路面背面
436……热传递面露出部
438……开口
452……温度检测部
500……浇口切割部
501……激光照射面的凹部
502……激光照射面的第二凹部
550……激光
602……流量检测部。

Claims (18)

1.一种流量传感器，其包括：壳体；罩体；被密封在它们之间且内置有电子部件和配线部的电路室；和供作为检测对象的流体通过的副通路部，该流量传感器的特征在于：
所述罩体包括浇口切割部和形成所述电路室与所述副通路部的激光焊接部，
在所述浇口切割部附近的所述激光焊接部的一部分的厚度和宽度比所述激光焊接部的一部分以外的所述激光焊接部的厚度和宽度薄且宽。
2.如权利要求1所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
所述罩体的实施激光焊接的部分的激光透射率在可见光的任意波长中为35％以上。
3.如权利要求2所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
所述罩体的没有实施激光焊接的部分的激光透射率在可见光的任意波长中为20％以下。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
所述罩体的所述浇口切割部附近在激光入射的一侧具有凹部，实施激光焊接的部分的所述凹部底面部的宽度大于所述激光的光斑直径和壳体的凸起宽度。
5.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
所述罩体的所述浇口切割部附近在焊接面一侧具有凹部，所述凹部底面部的宽度大于激光的光斑直径和壳体的凸起宽度。
6.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
至少在所述浇口切割部附近的所述激光焊接部形成有溢边。
7.如权利要求6所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
入射的激光的光斑尺寸大于形成于所述壳体的凸起部的宽度。
8.如权利要求6所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
至少形成于副通路部的所述激光焊接部的溢边被收纳在罩体的凹部内。
9.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
所述罩体的浇口切割部附近的激光焊接部的焊接宽度大于其它的激光焊接部的焊接宽度。
10.如权利要求4所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
在所述凹部的端部设置有倾斜部。
11.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
用于形成所述罩体的浇口结构为针点浇口，所述罩体的浇口切割部的位置设置于电路室中央附近。
12.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
用于形成所述罩体的浇口结构为针点浇口，所述罩体的浇口切割部的位置设置于副通路部的外周侧附近。
13.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
用于形成所述罩体的浇口结构为侧浇口，所述罩体的浇口切割部的位置设置于副通路部的外周侧。
14.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
用于形成所述罩体的浇口结构为侧浇口，所述罩体的浇口切割部的位置设置于凸缘侧。
15.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
根据与所述激光焊接部对应的罩体的透射率，设置多个厚度不同的部分。
16.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
所述罩体中的玻璃纤维的添加比例小于所述壳体中的玻璃纤维的添加比例。
17.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
所述罩体的材料的结晶度小于所述壳体的材料的结晶度。
18.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的流量传感器，其特征在于：
所述罩体的浇口切割部附近的弹性系数大于所述罩体的其它部分的弹性系数。
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US9880040B2 (en) 2018-01-30
DE112014000977T5 (de) 2015-12-24
JPWO2014156323A1 (ja) 2017-02-16
WO2014156323A1 (ja) 2014-10-02
JP6220860B2 (ja) 2017-10-25
US20160025542A1 (en) 2016-01-28
DE112014000977B4 (de) 2023-01-19

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