CN105006867B - The battery unit connection circuit of energy-storage system applied to high power high voltage operating mode - Google Patents
The battery unit connection circuit of energy-storage system applied to high power high voltage operating mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of battery unit the present invention provides energy-storage system applied to high power high voltage operating mode connects circuit, first single battery is connected to form major loop, branched major loop is connected in parallel, often row single battery parallel connection on major loop is formed into minor loop again, major loop undertakes carries out the permutable access of electricity with external, minor loop undertakes sampling monitoring, the hard protection of overcurrent fusing, it is balanced, the multi-functionals such as back work, it is in certain ratio to connect resistance between connection resistance and minor loop unit between the major loop battery unit, major loop on minor loop with being both provided with fuse.The present invention makes energy-storage system show higher energy efficiency by the setting in primary and secondary circuit, it is the good combination that energy-storage system is balanced and works normally, realize the dynamic equalization between batteries in parallel connection unit, the uniformity under working condition is enhanced, the effective time of energy-storage system high-power operation can be extended.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy-storage system, more particularly, to a kind of energy-storage system of high power high voltage applications occasion
Form structure, battery unit connection circuit and unit monitors management method.
Background technology
With the progress of battery energy storage system technology, energy storage than energy fast lifting, unit cost progressively declines, and adds
Upper battery energy storage system in itself possessed quick response, set it is convenient the features such as so that battery energy storage system is applied in height
Also become in the operating mode of power high voltage more and more extensive.
Under normal conditions, battery energy storage system be by substantial amounts of single battery carry out connection in series-parallel combine, be built into one it is complete
Whole system, to realize the function of the storage of certain scale electric energy and release.It is needing to meet the work of high power high voltage operating mode
Occasion (such as harbour tire formula gantry crane oil electric mixed dynamic system), since the power capability that meets of energy-storage system needs is very big,
It is often not easy to set excessive protective device on performance loop, such as fuse, these high-power protective devices are in itself
Need consume power, and the decline of energy-storage system reliability may be caused due to these protective device uniformity differences.More into
One step, the high voltage of energy-storage system means that the single battery quantity of series connection is more, thus seems particularly prominent the problem of its consistency
Go out.If realize energy-storage system dynamic uniformity in use, the energy-storage system without preferable solution
Generally require limited capacity amount or limit Power operation, it is impossible to meet the needs of actual use operating mode well.
To solve this problem, balanced management module is usually set in BMS (battery management system), it is usually used
Equalization methods are that addition hardware structure circuit is as balanced management module in BMS (battery management system), when energy-storage system needs
When will be balanced, balanced mode be opened, is disappeared to electricity extra in the single battery of system high voltage appearance or high SOC
The voltage of single battery and carried charge are adjusted to the target level of default by consumption, achieve the purpose that equilibrium with this, but this
There are the problem of balanced management is of high cost, equalization efficiency is low for kind method.
The content of the invention
For in the prior art the defects of, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of storage that can be applied to high power high voltage operating mode
The battery unit connection circuit of energy system.The present invention is realized by following scheme：
N single battery in a manner that main string is secondary simultaneously, first is connected to form battery pack by energy-storage battery unit in structure
Major loop is formed, m branch major loops are connected in parallel, then every a line single battery formation time in parallel between every major loop is returned
Road, and the mode of the parallel connection is connected for positive or negative pole of the connecting wire one end respectively with each single battery of same a line, connects
The other end of conducting wire is connected with copper bar.Between connection resistance and minor loop unit between the major loop battery unit connect resistance it
The scope of ratio is 1：1~1：200, it is preferably 1：20~1：100.The setting of the connection resistance ratio, can be well realized two
The realization of class circuit difference in functionality, i.e. major loop undertake energy-storage system and carry out the permutable access of electricity with external, and minor loop undertakes
The multi-functionals such as energy-storage system internal rows sampling monitoring, BMS protections, overcurrent fusing hard protection, equilibrium, back work.
Total cathode of the major loop or total positive terminal series connection first fuse (5), are connected between the minor loop unit
Second fuse (6) and the 3rd fuse (7), second fuse (6) and the 3rd fuse (7) rated current are first fuse
The 5%~20% of rated current.The setting of the second fuse and the 3rd fuse and its rated current can realize positive reason
Meet purpose of each battery unit of energy-storage system due to automatic equalization inside performance difference under condition, and can realize full under abnormal conditions
Sufficient energy-storage system safeguard protection and the requirement quickly isolated.
Meanwhile be the new structure feature of combination energy-storage system, also it particularly is provided with the cell tube of monitoring minor loop unit
Manage unit.The setting of the minor loop monitoring battery management unit is further enhanced to energy-storage system dynamic managerial ability,
Especially strengthened at all in the monitoring of unit uniformity, thus its safety and reliability is strengthened and ensured.
Compared with present technology, the present invention has the advantages of following：
1. energy-storage system shows higher energy efficiency.Major loop undertakes energy-storage system and outside as performance loop
The permutable access of electricity is carried out, due to without the concern for influences such as internal parallel circulation, being also not required to set additional protective device
Such as FUSE, therefore the connection resistance of major loop and pressure drop are very low, and the line loss in the case of high-power operation is small, causes energy storage system
System shows higher whole efficiency.
2. it can realize efficient, fast uniform.Minor loop realizes the parallel connection between battery unit as subsidiary loop,
Thus the purpose of dynamic equalization between batteries in parallel connection unit can be played.
3. it can realize the good combination that energy-storage system is balanced and works normally.Since major loop and minor loop are separation
, thus the high-power work of energy-storage system is not interfered with, conversely, because the presence of minor loop can realize batteries in parallel connection unit
Between dynamic equalization, enhance the uniformity under energy-storage system working condition, energy-storage system high-power operation can be extended
Effective time.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is comparative example energy-storage system combination assumption diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is energy-storage system combination assumption diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 a are Ni-MH battery energy storage system of embodiment of the present invention electric discharge column unit voltage-time curve figures.
Fig. 3 b are comparative example Ni-MH battery energy storage system electric discharge column unit voltage-time curve figures of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is Ni-MH battery energy storage system of embodiment of the present invention electric discharge row cell voltage-time plot.
Fig. 5 is that Ni-MH battery energy storage system of embodiment of the present invention electric discharge colleague's single battery and row cell voltage-time are bent
Line chart.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.The present embodiment uses ni-mh D types 1.2V
It 6Ah batteries and is illustrated by energy-storage system that the model single battery is formed.Energy-storage system is by 3360 monomer electricity
Pond forms, and energy-storage system rated voltage is 576V, rated energy 24.2kWh, which need to meet 200kW rated power
The ability of output services 3 minutes or more.
Fig. 1 illustrates the combining structure form of comparative example energy-storage system.480 single batteries 1 are together in series first, form
One row, and the anode of each column is provided with relay 4, the cathode of each column and total minus 3 ground being connected with total positive 2 places being connected
Side is provided with fuse 5.Then same 7 row cathode is parallel-connected to total minus 3,7 row anodes and is parallel-connected to jointly always jointly
Positive 2.Voltage, temperature, each column electric current of the minimum administrative unit of BMS (battery management system) monitorings calculate the SOC of each column, real
Apply the management and control to energy-storage system.Since energy-storage system is made of 3360 single batteries, in order to reduce the cost of management,
Often minimum administrative unit is in series by 6 single batteries the minimum that i.e. BMS detections are in series by 6 single batteries
Voltage, temperature, each column electric current of administrative unit.The energy-storage system of the structure type there are it is following the problem of：It is primarily due to BMS prisons
The minimum administrative unit of survey is in series by up to 6 batteries, and voltage characteristic is the superposition of 6 single battery characteristics, by
In the inconsistency of single battery, the characteristic of superposition tends not to accurately reflect the actual characteristic of single battery, therefore to energy storage
The management and control of system bring uncertainty, be easy to cause overcharge, overdischarge of single battery etc., are brought under serious conditions
Security risk.Secondly, the inconsistency of single battery intrinsic property, the inconsistency of use environment, inconsistency of combination etc.
Multiple factors are superimposed, and during energy-storage system use, widened trend, such as single battery is often presented in the difference between monomer
Between voltage deviation, this species diversity reaches a certain level, it is necessary to carry out maintenance shut-downs to energy-storage system.But due to BMS
It can only judge the voltage deviation between the series combination of minimum administrative unit i.e. 6, it is difficult to judge the voltage between single battery
Deviation, so, actually single battery between voltage deviation very big situation smaller in the presence of minimum administrative unit deviation.Sentence
Disconnected can further speed up the bad of energy-storage system and deterioration not in time.3rd, the inconsistency between monomer lacks effective
Equalization methods eliminate.Due to being full tandem type between monomer, each other can only by arranging come balanced, but arrange it is balanced may
Just it is reversed with monomer equalization requirement, i.e., this is listed in equalizaing charge but wherein but there are the monomer electricity of high power capacity high voltage
Pond just needs to discharge.4th, the maintainability of energy-storage system is poor, and workable energy range is had a greatly reduced quality.Since BMS cannot
Equalization methods lack between the state of effective Feedback single battery, effective monomer, cause during energy-storage system use in order to
Ensure security, often reduce its available energy range, meanwhile, when energy-storage system needs to be serviced really,
Reliable maintaining method can not be obtained.
Fig. 2 illustrates the combining structure form of energy-storage system of the embodiment of the present invention.480 single batteries 1 are connected first
It is next, a row are formed, are known as major loop, and the anode of each column is provided with relay with total positive 2 places being connected, and each column is born
Pole is provided with first fuse 5 with total minus 3 places being connected.Then same 7 row cathode is parallel-connected to total minus 3,7 row jointly
Anode is parallel-connected to total positive 2 jointly.Followed by per a line, totally 480 row, the single battery 1 of colleague are carried out by parallel conductor 8
Parallel connection is known as minor loop, and the fusing of row fuse i.e. second is provided in the place that the anode of single battery is connected with parallel conductor
Device 6 is provided with the 3rd fuse 7 in the place that the cathode of single battery is connected with parallel conductor.
Being connected in series between 480 single batteries of each column, in order to enable energy-storage system possesses the output of 200kW rated power
The ability of work 3 minutes or more, therefore connection resistance (the connection resistance shown in Fig. 2 from a to b, the i.e. R of major loopab) as far as possible small,
The loss in circuit itself during reducing work.Secondly, balanced function is, it is necessary to have between minor loop assumes responsibility for colleague's single battery
The standby ability by a constant current, but the function of undertaking major loop cannot be equal to, therefore, minor loop connects resistance (shown in Fig. 2
Connection resistance from c to d, i.e. Rcd) setting just very it is necessary (resistance of parallel conductor 8 use copper bar, all-in resistance 0.2m
Ω is often 0.033m Ω between adjacent two row battery, and the resistance value of parallel conductor 8 is much smaller than Rcd).The present embodiment energy-storage system master
It is 1 to be connected between the single battery of circuit and the ratio between resistance is connected between resistance and minor loop single battery：80(Rab=0.05m Ω, Rcd=
4.0mΩ).The setting of the resistance ratio value, on the one hand can meet major loop undertake energy-storage system with outside carry out electric energy exchange
Access, can also meet minor loop undertake energy-storage system internal rows sampling monitoring, BMS protections, the hard protection of overcurrent fusing,
The multi-functionals such as equilibrium, back work.Since minor loop resistance is apparently higher than major loop, minor loop is in colleague's single battery
When there is unbalanced situation, the automatic effect for carrying out equilibrium can be played, and deviation is bigger between monomer, and portfolio effect is brighter
It is aobvious.
The place that the anode of single battery is connected with parallel conductor is provided with second fuse 6, in the negative of single battery
The place that pole is connected with parallel conductor is provided with the 3rd fuse 7, and 7 rated current of second fuse 6 and the 3rd fuse
For the 5%~20% of 5 rated current of first fuse.Often row rated operational current is 60A to the present embodiment energy-storage system, using volume
Constant current is the first fuse 5 of 60A, uses second fuse 6 and threeth fuse 7 of the rated current for 10A.Minor loop is made
To aid in balanced circuit in parallel, the uniformity of energy-storage system can be effectively improved, still, when the consistent sexual deviation of energy-storage system surpasses
Internal short-circuit occurs for the problem of going out's the scope of permission or being abnormal such as certain row single battery, then minor loop due to this
The setting of two fuses 6 and the 3rd fuse 7 can quickly isolate failure, protect the security of energy-storage system.This mode, area
Not in the main paralleling model generally used, main paralleling model is if necessary to the safeguard protection in the case of carrying out abnormal failure then simultaneously
Join and fuse or other protective devices are set on circuit, but this can increase power consumption and the pressure drop of entire major loop, reduce system
Efficiency；On the contrary, if main paralleling model is not provided with protective device, the parallel connection between single battery, then entire energy storage are directly carried out
There are greater risks for the security of system.
The BMS of the embodiment of the present invention be provided with monitoring minor loop go together parallel connection single battery administrative unit, that is,
It says compared with comparative example, BMS of the invention (battery management system) monitorings are the voltage of every a line, the electric current of each row, most
The temperature of small temperature treatment unit calculates the SOC of each column, implements management and control to energy-storage system.Due to minor loop row
Unit is to carry out auxiliary by single battery to be formed in parallel, and the voltage for shelving each single battery under state is consistent, working condition
Under (i.e. energy-storage system charge or discharge) due to the consistent sexual deviation between colleague's single battery via the minor loop moment into action
The equilibrium of state, therefore the voltage between each single battery is also basically identical.So each row voltage of BMS detections, it can be very
The virtual condition of the row single battery is reacted well, it is possible to prevente effectively from overcharge, overdischarge.Meanwhile also from
Fundamentally improve the maintainability of energy-storage system.
Fig. 3 a illustrate energy-storage system of the embodiment of the present invention during 42A constant-current discharges, 4 close row of extraction it is each
The voltage-time curve figure for the minimum administrative unit (rear to claim 7.2V units) that 6 single batteries are formed.As seen from Figure 3, exist
During energy storage system discharges, 7.2V units show good uniformity, this is because the presence of minor loop can be to same
Capable single battery carries out equilibrium, and each row colleague cell voltage deviation very little, final result is that the voltage of 4 7.2V units is consistent
Property also shows good, and voltage deviation is up to 30mV.Compare under the conditions of equal discharge current i.e. 42A constant-current discharges, the exhibition of Fig. 3 b institutes
What is shown is the voltage-time curve figure of the close row 7.2V units of comparative example this 4, and the voltage uniformity of 4 7.2V units is poor,
Voltage deviation is up to 130mV, is higher by 3 times of embodiment.
Fig. 4 shows implementation column energy-storage system of the present invention during 42A constant-current discharges, the unit of 12 close rows of extraction
The voltage-time curve figure of (rear to claim 1.2V units).As seen from Figure 4, during energy storage system discharges, 1.2V units are simultaneously
Good uniformity is not shown, this is because each row battery is often there is in inconsistency such as capacity, minor loop
Presence realize colleague single battery between equilibrium, but row row between difference cannot reduce.Therefore, it is embodied in and puts
The voltage difference of each row unit is very big in electric process, if the protection control not using row cell voltage as electric discharge, existed
The situation of electric discharge, such as there are serious overdischarge phenomenons for the 11st row unit monitored in Fig. 4.To verify the 11st row cell voltage
Authenticity, i.e. can the row voltage represent 7 single batteries of the row, each monomer battery voltage of the row is monitored,
Fig. 5 illustrates the voltage-time curve of comparison.As seen from Figure 5, the row cell voltage and the voltage weight of 7 single batteries
It is folded good, the actual state of the row single battery can be represented.
Therefore, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 in summary, the embodiment of the present invention the technical solution adopted is that：Energy-storage system
In structure using it is main string auxiliary and mode, i.e., main body use cascaded structure, be known as major loop, major loop undertake energy-storage system with outside
Portion carries out the permutable access of electricity；Meanwhile parallel-connection structure is additionally provided with, it is known as minor loop or subsidiary loop, minor loop undertakes storage
It can internal system row sampling monitoring, BMS protections, overcurrent the fusing multi-functionals such as protection, equilibrium, back work firmly.
It is connected between main loop unit and the ratio between resistance is connected between resistance and minor loop unit between 1：20~1：100.The connection
The setting of resistance ratio, can be well realized the realization of two class circuit difference in functionality, i.e., major loop undertake energy-storage system with it is outer
Portion carries out the permutable access of electricity, and minor loop undertakes energy-storage system internal rows sampling monitoring, BMS protections, overcurrent fusing firmly
The multi-functionals such as protection, equilibrium, back work.
Second and the 3rd fuse are connected between minor loop unit, second fuse and the 3rd fuse rated current are
The 5%~20% of first fuse rated current.This second and the 3rd fuse and its rated current setting, can realize just
Meet purpose of each battery unit of energy-storage system due to automatic equalization inside performance difference in the case of often, and can realize abnormal conditions
The lower requirement for meeting energy-storage system safeguard protection and quickly isolating.
Meanwhile be the new structure feature of combination energy-storage system, also it particularly is provided with the cell tube of monitoring minor loop unit
Manage unit.The setting of the minor loop monitoring battery management unit is further enhanced to energy-storage system dynamic managerial ability,
Especially strengthened at all in the monitoring of unit uniformity, thus its safety and reliability is strengthened and ensured.
Compared with prior art, Ni-MH battery energy storage system of the invention has the following advantages that：
(1) energy-storage system shows higher energy efficiency.Major loop undertakes energy-storage system and outside as performance loop
The permutable access of electricity is carried out, due to without the concern for influences such as internal parallel circulation, being also not required to set additional protective device
Such as FUSE, therefore the connection resistance of major loop and pressure drop are very low, and the line loss in the case of high-power operation is small, causes energy storage system
System shows higher whole efficiency.
(2) efficient, fast uniform can be realized.Minor loop realizes the parallel connection between battery unit as subsidiary loop,
Thus the purpose of dynamic equalization between batteries in parallel connection unit can be played.
(3) good combination that energy-storage system is balanced and works normally can be realized.Since major loop and minor loop are separation
, thus the high-power work of energy-storage system is not interfered with, conversely, because the presence of minor loop can realize batteries in parallel connection unit
Between dynamic equalization, enhance the uniformity under energy-storage system working condition, energy-storage system high-power operation can be extended
Effective time.
Although the present invention is illustrated by taking Ni-MH battery energy storage system as an example, lithium-ion electric is equally applicable to
The energy-storage system or energy module that the rechargeable batteries system such as pond, nickel-cadmium cell, lead-acid battery is formed.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill of the art
For personnel, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvement and modification can also be made, these improvement and modification
Protection scope of the present invention should be considered as.
Claims (4)
1. the battery unit connection circuit of the energy-storage system applied to high power high voltage operating mode, n single battery is in column direction
Series connection forms a major loop, and major loop arranges m branch in line direction, and parallel connection forms energy-storage battery unit to m branch major loop again, special
Sign is：By every a line single battery formation minor loop in parallel between every major loop, and the mode of the parallel connection is same
Anode, the cathode of each single battery of row are connected respectively by connecting wire with parallel conductor, and a single battery corresponds to two companies
Connect conducting wire, with each single battery of a line corresponding two parallel conductors jointly, connection resistance between the major loop battery unit with
The scope that the ratio between resistance is connected between minor loop unit is 1：1~1：200；The major loop carries out electric energy for energy-storage system with external
The access of exchange, the minor loop is for sampling monitoring, the hard protection of overcurrent fusing, balanced and back work.
2. the battery unit applied to the energy-storage system of high power high voltage operating mode connects circuit as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Ranging preferably from for the ratio between resistance is connected between connection resistance and minor loop unit between the major loop battery unit
1：20~1：100.
3. the battery unit applied to the energy-storage system of high power high voltage operating mode connects circuit as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that：Total cathode of the major loop or total positive terminal series connection first fuse (5), in the minor loop, each monomer
Be serially connected with second fuse (6) in connecting wire between the anode and parallel conductor of battery, the cathode of each single battery with simultaneously
The 3rd fuse (7) is serially connected in connecting wire between connection conductor.
4. the battery unit applied to the energy-storage system of high power high voltage operating mode connects circuit as claimed in claim 3,
It is characterized in that：The rated current of the second fuse (6) and the 3rd fuse (7) is first fuse (5) rated current
5%~20%.
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| CN111183545A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2020-05-19 | 深圳市强能电气有限公司 | Battery pack balancing method and device and battery pack |
| CN108376806A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-07 | 孙庆 | A kind of low cost solves the protection system of current-carrying hidden danger on cell parallel circuit |
| CN113036317A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-25 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Battery cluster and energy storage system |
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| CN201616686U (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2010-10-27 | 河南科隆集团有限公司 | Power battery pack with short-circuit protection device |
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| CN202189860U (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-04-11 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | Security structure of power battery pack |
| CN102468474A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2012-05-23 | 索尼公司 | Assembled battery and power consumption apparatus |
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| US6642692B2 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2003-11-04 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Charge equalizing device for power storage unit |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4560825B2 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2010-10-13 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Assembled battery |
| CN201616686U (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2010-10-27 | 河南科隆集团有限公司 | Power battery pack with short-circuit protection device |
| CN102468474A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2012-05-23 | 索尼公司 | Assembled battery and power consumption apparatus |
| CN202189860U (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-04-11 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | Security structure of power battery pack |
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