CN104993789A - Photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric cooling effect - Google Patents
Photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric cooling effect Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/60—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or compensating for temperature fluctuations
- H10F77/63—Arrangements for cooling directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. heat sinks directly associated with the photovoltaic cells or integrated Peltier elements for active cooling
- H10F77/68—Arrangements for cooling directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. heat sinks directly associated with the photovoltaic cells or integrated Peltier elements for active cooling using gaseous or liquid coolants, e.g. air flow ventilation or water circulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于热电制冷效应的光伏热水装置，包含：固定支架；太阳能光伏电池板，其设置在固定支架上；热电水流组件，其安装在太阳能光伏电池板背面；蓄电池控制组件，其与太阳能光伏电池板相连；监控开关转换控制器，其连接太阳能光伏电池板和蓄电池控制组件。本发明结构简单、操作方便，降低光伏电池周围的温度，提高光伏电池的光电转换效率，延长光伏电池的使用寿命，同时对流道中流动的冷水进行加热，水的温度逐渐升高，当流道中的水达到需要的温度时，用冷水将热水顶入到热水桶中储存起来，起到了双重利用太阳能的效果,真正地起到了节能减排的效果。
The invention discloses a photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric refrigeration effect, which comprises: a fixed bracket; a solar photovoltaic battery panel arranged on the fixed bracket; a thermoelectric water flow component installed on the back of the solar photovoltaic battery panel; a storage battery control component, It is connected with the solar photovoltaic battery panel; the monitoring switch conversion controller is connected with the solar photovoltaic battery panel and the storage battery control assembly. The invention has simple structure and convenient operation, reduces the temperature around the photovoltaic cell, improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, and prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic cell. When the water reaches the required temperature, the cold water is used to push the hot water into the hot water tank and store it, which has the effect of double utilization of solar energy and really has the effect of energy saving and emission reduction.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及光伏热水装置，特别涉及一种基于热电制冷效应的光伏热水装置。 The invention relates to a photovoltaic water heating device, in particular to a photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric refrigeration effect.
背景技术 Background technique
太阳能光伏电池是通过光电效应直接把光能转化成电能的装置，为路灯，电机等用电设备提供电力驱动，还可以用光伏电池产生的电力直接加热热水和驱动热电制冷模块用来制冷。 Solar photovoltaic cell is a device that directly converts light energy into electrical energy through the photoelectric effect. It provides electric drive for street lamps, motors and other electrical equipment. It can also use the electricity generated by photovoltaic cells to directly heat hot water and drive thermoelectric refrigeration modules for cooling.
目前单晶硅太阳能电池的光电转换效率为17%左右，最高的可达到24％，这是目前所有种类的太阳能电池中光电转换效率最高的。 At present, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is about 17%, and the highest can reach 24%, which is the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency among all types of solar cells.
晶体硅太阳能电池的发电效率依赖其工作温度，温度越低其工作效率越高，温度每上升1℃将导致输出功率减少0.4～0.5%。由于晶体硅电池表面的80%以上的能量都转变成了热量没有得到利用，使得太阳能电池工作温度通常可达到50℃以上，当散热不良时甚至可达到80℃，这会严重影响太阳能电池的工作效率。比如夏天，太阳能光伏电池板的温度可达到60℃以上，实际情况也是这样的。所以，太阳能光伏电池板需配置制冷系统，才能提高它的效率。 The power generation efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells depends on its operating temperature. The lower the temperature, the higher the operating efficiency. Every 1°C increase in temperature will result in a 0.4-0.5% reduction in output power. Since more than 80% of the energy on the surface of the crystalline silicon cell is converted into heat and is not utilized, the operating temperature of the solar cell can usually reach above 50°C, and even reach 80°C when the heat dissipation is poor, which will seriously affect the work of the solar cell efficiency. For example, in summer, the temperature of solar photovoltaic panels can reach above 60°C, which is also the case in reality. Therefore, solar photovoltaic panels need to be equipped with a cooling system to improve their efficiency.
从现实使用中发现，当环境温度过高或环境对流换热弱时，太阳能光伏电池板容易出现自燃现象。所以，太阳能光伏电池板必须配置制冷系统，才能保证它安全地工作。 It is found from actual use that when the ambient temperature is too high or the ambient convective heat transfer is weak, solar photovoltaic panels are prone to spontaneous combustion. Therefore, the solar photovoltaic panel must be equipped with a cooling system to ensure its safe operation.
传统太阳能热水器通过集热器将热量聚集起来，再通过对流换热将生活用水温度提高，但存在一个问题，当阴天时，传统太阳能热水器工作效率下降。 Traditional solar water heaters collect heat through heat collectors, and then increase the temperature of domestic water through convective heat exchange, but there is a problem. When it is cloudy, the efficiency of traditional solar water heaters decreases.
发明一种既能提高太阳能利用率，又能保证安全性的太阳能利用装置是急需的，对缓解我国能源压力，减轻环境污染具有重要的意义。 It is urgent to invent a solar energy utilization device that can improve the utilization rate of solar energy and ensure safety, which is of great significance for alleviating the energy pressure in our country and reducing environmental pollution.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种基于热电制冷效应的光伏热水装置，结构简单、操作方便，在太阳能光伏电池板背面安装热电制冷模块和传感器，热电制冷模块通电时将带走太阳能光伏电池工作过程中产生的高温热量，降低光伏电池周围的温度，提高光伏电池的光电转换效率，延长光伏电池的使用寿命，同时把太阳能转化为电力，来驱动热电制冷模块，热电制冷模块冷端将对太阳能光伏电池板背面周围进行制冷，热端将对流道中流动的冷水进行加热，水的温度逐渐升高，当流道中的水达到需要的温度时，用冷水将热水顶入到热水桶中储存起来，起到了双重利用太阳能的效果,真正地起到了节能减排的效果。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic water heating device based on the thermoelectric cooling effect, which has a simple structure and is easy to operate. A thermoelectric cooling module and a sensor are installed on the back of the solar photovoltaic cell panel. When the thermoelectric cooling module is powered on, it will take away the working process of the solar photovoltaic cell The high-temperature heat generated in the environment reduces the temperature around the photovoltaic cell, improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, and prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic cell. At the same time, the solar energy is converted into electricity to drive the thermoelectric cooling module. Cooling is carried out around the back of the battery board, and the hot end will heat the cold water flowing in the flow channel, and the temperature of the water will gradually increase. When the water in the flow channel reaches the required temperature, the hot water will be pushed into the hot water bucket with cold water for storage. It has played the effect of double utilization of solar energy, and really played the effect of energy saving and emission reduction.
为了实现以上目的，本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的： In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种基于热电制冷效应的光伏热水装置，其特点是，包含： A photovoltaic water heating device based on the thermoelectric refrigeration effect, which is characterized in that it includes:
固定支架； fixed bracket;
太阳能光伏电池板，其设置在固定支架上； A solar photovoltaic battery panel, which is arranged on a fixed support;
热电水流组件，其安装在太阳能光伏电池板背面； Thermoelectric water flow modules mounted on the back of solar photovoltaic panels;
蓄电池控制组件，其与太阳能光伏电池板相连； The battery control assembly, which is connected to the solar photovoltaic panel;
监控开关转换控制器，其连接太阳能光伏电池板和蓄电池控制组件。 Supervisory switch transfer controller that interfaces with solar photovoltaic panels and battery control components.
所述的热电水流组件包含： The thermoelectric water flow assembly includes:
水流通道，其分布太阳能光伏电池板背面； Water flow channel, which distributes the back of the solar photovoltaic panel;
热电制冷模块，其设置在太阳能光伏电池板与水流通道之间；其中， A thermoelectric refrigeration module, which is arranged between the solar photovoltaic cell panel and the water flow channel; wherein,
所述热电制冷模块冷端面贴合设置在太阳能光伏电池板的背面，其热端面贴合设置在水流通道上； The cold end surface of the thermoelectric refrigeration module is attached to the back of the solar photovoltaic panel, and the hot end surface is attached to the water flow channel;
辅助加热水箱，其进水口与水流通道的出口相连，并与市电电源接口相连，通过市电电源对辅助加热水箱通电。 The water inlet of the auxiliary heating water tank is connected with the outlet of the water flow channel and connected with the mains power supply interface, and the auxiliary heating water tank is energized through the mains power supply.
所述的蓄电池控制组件包含： The battery control assembly includes:
太阳能控制器； Solar Controller;
蓄电池，其通过太阳能控制器与太阳能光伏电池板相连。 The storage battery is connected to the solar photovoltaic panel through the solar controller.
所述的监控开关转换控制器连接太阳能光伏电池板、太阳能控制器、热电制冷模块及辅助加热水箱。 The monitoring switch conversion controller is connected to the solar photovoltaic battery panel, the solar controller, the thermoelectric refrigeration module and the auxiliary heating water tank.
当监控开关转换控制器检测到太阳能光伏电池板背面温度低于预设值时，控制水流通道的水流向辅助加热水箱中，同时断开热电制冷模块的电源并控制辅助加热水箱得电。 When the monitoring switch conversion controller detects that the temperature on the back of the solar photovoltaic panel is lower than the preset value, the water in the water flow channel is controlled to flow into the auxiliary heating water tank, and at the same time, the power supply of the thermoelectric cooling module is cut off and the auxiliary heating water tank is controlled to be powered on.
所述热电制冷模块的热端面为导热绝缘层，所述热电制冷模块的冷端面为热电堆；在所述的导热绝缘层与热电堆之间连接有若干个铜连接片。 The hot end surface of the thermoelectric refrigeration module is a thermally conductive insulating layer, and the cold end surface of the thermoelectric refrigeration module is a thermopile; several copper connecting pieces are connected between the thermally conductive insulating layer and the thermopile.
所述的水流通道由若干道流道通道组成。 The water flow channel is composed of several flow channel channels.
所述的太阳能光伏电池板为单晶硅太阳能电池。 The solar photovoltaic cell panel is a monocrystalline silicon solar cell.
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点： Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1、本发明所述的一种基于热电制冷效应的高效光伏热水装置，具有结构简单、操作方便的特点，在太阳能光伏电池板背面安装热电制冷模块，热电制冷模块通电时将带走太阳能光伏电池工作过程中产生的高温热量，降低光伏电池周围的温度，提高光伏电池的光电转换效率，不仅延长光伏电池的使用寿命，而且还保证其安全地工作； 1. A high-efficiency photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric refrigeration effect according to the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure and convenient operation. A thermoelectric refrigeration module is installed on the back of the solar photovoltaic cell panel. When the thermoelectric refrigeration module is powered on, it will take away the solar photovoltaic The high-temperature heat generated during the working process of the battery reduces the temperature around the photovoltaic cell and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, which not only prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic cell, but also ensures its safe operation;
2、热电制冷模块在对太阳能光伏电池板制冷过程中，会加强光伏板周围的空气流动，有助于光伏板正面的空气对流换热，从而保证太阳能光伏电池板正反两面温差不是很大，延长光伏电池的使用寿命； 2. During the cooling process of the solar photovoltaic panel, the thermoelectric cooling module will strengthen the air flow around the photovoltaic panel, which will help the air convection and heat exchange on the front of the photovoltaic panel, so as to ensure that the temperature difference between the front and back of the solar photovoltaic panel is not very large. Extend the service life of photovoltaic cells;
3、把太阳能转化为电力，来驱动热电制冷模块，热电制冷模块冷端将对太阳能光伏电池板背面周围进行制冷，热端将对流道中流动的冷水进行加热，水的温度逐渐升高，当流道中的水达到需要的温度时，用冷水将热水顶入到热水桶中储存起来，起到了双重利用太阳能的效果,在结合了其他动力源方案，将外接市电作为补充能源，在太阳能电力不够的情况下，两者共同组成混合动力系统，提供热水装置所需要的能量，真正地起到了节能减排的效果； 3. Convert solar energy into electricity to drive the thermoelectric refrigeration module. The cold end of the thermoelectric refrigeration module will cool the back of the solar photovoltaic panel, and the hot end will heat the cold water flowing in the flow channel. The temperature of the water will gradually increase. When the flow When the water in the channel reaches the required temperature, the cold water is used to push the hot water into the hot water tank and store it, which has the effect of double utilization of solar energy. In combination with other power source schemes, the external mains power is used as a supplementary energy source. If it is not enough, the two together form a hybrid system to provide the energy required by the hot water device, which really achieves the effect of energy saving and emission reduction;
4、由于太阳能光伏电池是单晶硅太阳能电池，光电转换效率高； 4. Since the solar photovoltaic cell is a monocrystalline silicon solar cell, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is high;
5、当太阳能光伏电池板背面的温度达到某个设定的温度值时，热电制冷模块才运行，没有达到这个温度时，太阳能蓄电池为辅助加热设备提供所需的能量。 5. When the temperature on the back of the solar photovoltaic panel reaches a certain set temperature value, the thermoelectric cooling module will operate. When this temperature is not reached, the solar battery will provide the required energy for the auxiliary heating equipment.
6、水流流道是由许多流道通道组成，这样设计有助于加强水流侧的对流换热。 6. The water flow channel is composed of many flow channel channels, and this design helps to strengthen the convective heat transfer on the water flow side.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种基于热电制冷效应的光伏热水装置的结构示意图； Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric refrigeration effect of the present invention;
图2为本发明一种基于热电制冷效应的光伏热水装置的热电制冷模块分布示意图； Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of thermoelectric cooling modules of a photovoltaic water heating device based on the thermoelectric cooling effect of the present invention;
图3为本发明一种基于热电制冷效应的光伏热水装置的水流流道和进出水管分布示意图； Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of water flow channels and water inlet and outlet pipes of a photovoltaic water heating device based on the thermoelectric cooling effect of the present invention;
图4为本发明一种基于热电制冷效应的光伏热水装置的热电制冷模块结构示意图； Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermoelectric cooling module of a photovoltaic water heating device based on the thermoelectric cooling effect of the present invention;
图5为本发明一种基于热电制冷效应的光伏热水装置的电路连接图。 Fig. 5 is a circuit connection diagram of a photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric cooling effect according to the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
以下结合附图，通过详细说明一个较佳的具体实施例，对本发明做进一步阐述。 The present invention will be further elaborated below by describing a preferred specific embodiment in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1~5所示，一种基于热电制冷效应的光伏热水装置，其特征在于，包含：固定支架6；太阳能光伏电池板1，其设置在固定支架6上；热电水流组件，其安装在太阳能光伏电池板背面；蓄电池控制组件，其与太阳能光伏电池板相连；监控开关转换控制器5（监控开关转换控制器型号为HC900），其连接太阳能光伏电池板和蓄电池控制组件。 As shown in Figures 1 to 5, a photovoltaic water heating device based on the thermoelectric refrigeration effect is characterized in that it includes: a fixed bracket 6; a solar photovoltaic battery panel 1, which is arranged on the fixed bracket 6; On the back of the solar photovoltaic battery panel; the battery control assembly, which is connected to the solar photovoltaic battery panel; the monitoring switch transfer controller 5 (the model of the monitoring switch conversion controller is HC900), which is connected to the solar photovoltaic battery panel and the battery control assembly.
上述的热电水流组件包含：水流通道10，其分布太阳能光伏电池板1背面；热电制冷模块9，其设置在太阳能光伏电池板1与水流通道10之间；其中，热电制冷模块冷端面贴合设置在太阳能光伏电池板1的背面，其热端面贴合设置在水流通道10上；辅助加热水箱4，其进水口与水流通道10的出口相连，并与市电电源接口相连，通过市电电源对辅助加热水箱4通电。 The above-mentioned thermoelectric water flow assembly includes: a water flow channel 10, which is distributed on the back of the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1; a thermoelectric cooling module 9, which is arranged between the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1 and the water flow channel 10; On the back side of the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1, its hot end surface is attached to the water flow channel 10; the auxiliary heating water tank 4, its water inlet is connected with the outlet of the water flow channel 10, and connected with the mains power interface, through the mains power supply. The auxiliary heating water tank 4 is energized.
上述的蓄电池控制组件包含：太阳能控制器2（太阳能控制器型号为CM2024）；蓄电池3，其通过太阳能控制器2与太阳能光伏电池板1相连。 The battery control assembly mentioned above includes: a solar controller 2 (solar controller model is CM2024); a battery 3, which is connected to the solar photovoltaic panel 1 through the solar controller 2 .
在具体实施例中，上述的监控开关转换控制器5连接太阳能光伏电池板1、太阳能控制器2、热电制冷模块9及辅助加热水箱4。 In a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned monitoring switch conversion controller 5 is connected to the solar photovoltaic battery panel 1 , the solar controller 2 , the thermoelectric cooling module 9 and the auxiliary heating water tank 4 .
当监控开关转换控制器5检测到太阳能光伏电池板1背面温度低于预设值时，控制水流通道10的水流向辅助加热水箱4中，同时断开热电制冷模块9的电源并控制辅助加热水箱4得电。 When the monitoring switch conversion controller 5 detects that the temperature on the back of the solar photovoltaic panel 1 is lower than the preset value, the water in the water flow channel 10 is controlled to flow into the auxiliary heating water tank 4, and at the same time, the power supply of the thermoelectric cooling module 9 is cut off and the auxiliary heating water tank is controlled. 4 get electricity.
如图4所示，上述热电制冷模块9的热端面为导热绝缘层903，所述热电制冷模块9的冷端面为热电堆901；在所述的导热绝缘层903与热电堆901之间连接有若干个铜连接片902，热量由太阳能光伏电池板1通过热电制冷模块9传给流道通道1001中的水。 As shown in Figure 4, the hot end surface of the above-mentioned thermoelectric refrigeration module 9 is a thermally conductive insulating layer 903, and the cold end surface of the thermoelectric refrigeration module 9 is a thermopile 901; Several copper connecting pieces 902 transfer heat from the solar photovoltaic panel 1 to the water in the flow channel 1001 through the thermoelectric cooling module 9 .
水流通道10由若干道流道通道1001组成（参见图4），其上连接有出水管12，其下连接有进水管11。 The water flow channel 10 is composed of several flow channel channels 1001 (see FIG. 4 ), the water outlet pipe 12 is connected to it, and the water inlet pipe 11 is connected to it below.
在具体实施例中，上述的太阳能光伏电池板1为单晶硅太阳能电池。 In a specific embodiment, the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1 mentioned above is a monocrystalline silicon solar cell.
本发明所述的一种基于热电制冷效应的光伏热水装置的工作原理及过程是： The working principle and process of a photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric refrigeration effect described in the present invention are:
如图1、3、5所示，在太阳光的照射下，太阳能光伏电池板1通过光电效应直接把光能转化成电能，不稳定的电能通过导线7传输给太阳能控制器2而稳定地储存在蓄电池3中，稳定的电能通过太阳能控制器2，在监控开关转换控制器5的控制下，将电流分配给热电制冷模块9而驱动它工作，热电制冷模块9冷端将对太阳能光伏电池板1背面周围进行制冷，热端将对流道通道1001流动的冷水进行加热，从而降低太阳能光伏电池板1周围的温度，同时水流通道101中水的温度逐渐升高，当水流通道10中的水达到需要的温度时，用冷水将热水顶入到热水桶中储存起来。当监控开关转换控制器5检测到光伏板1背面温度低于某一设定值时，将控制水流流道10中的水通过热水管8流向辅助加热水箱4中，同时自动断开通向热电制冷模块9的电路而开启通向辅助加热水箱4的电路，对辅助加热水箱4中的水进行加热。蓄电池3中电量不足时，监控开关转换控制器5将自动控制市电电源接口接通，提供辅助加热水箱4中的加热热水所需要的能量，完成生活热水加热过程。 As shown in Figures 1, 3, and 5, under the irradiation of sunlight, the solar photovoltaic panel 1 directly converts light energy into electrical energy through the photoelectric effect, and the unstable electrical energy is transmitted to the solar controller 2 through the wire 7 for stable storage. In the battery 3, the stable electric energy passes through the solar controller 2, and under the control of the monitoring switch conversion controller 5, the current is distributed to the thermoelectric refrigeration module 9 to drive it to work. The cold end of the thermoelectric refrigeration module 9 will be connected to the solar photovoltaic panel. 1. Cooling is carried out around the back side, and the hot end will heat the cold water flowing in the flow channel 1001, thereby reducing the temperature around the solar photovoltaic panel 1, and at the same time, the temperature of the water in the water flow channel 101 will gradually increase. When the water in the water flow channel 10 reaches When the required temperature is reached, the hot water is pushed into the hot water bucket with cold water and stored. When the monitoring switch conversion controller 5 detects that the temperature on the back of the photovoltaic panel 1 is lower than a certain set value, it will control the water in the water flow channel 10 to flow into the auxiliary heating water tank 4 through the hot water pipe 8, and at the same time automatically disconnect the connection to the thermoelectric The circuit of the refrigeration module 9 opens the circuit leading to the auxiliary heating water tank 4 to heat the water in the auxiliary heating water tank 4 . When the electricity in the storage battery 3 is insufficient, the monitoring switch conversion controller 5 will automatically control the mains power supply interface to connect, provide the energy needed for heating the hot water in the auxiliary heating water tank 4, and complete the domestic hot water heating process.
综上所述，本发明一种基于热电制冷效应的光伏热水装置，结构简单、操作方便，在太阳能光伏电池板背面安装热电制冷模块和传感器，热电制冷模块通电时将带走太阳能光伏电池工作过程中产生的高温热量，降低光伏电池周围的温度，提高光伏电池的光电转换效率，延长光伏电池的使用寿命，同时把太阳能转化为电力，来驱动热电制冷模块，热电制冷模块冷端将对太阳能光伏电池板背面周围进行制冷，热端将对流道中流动的冷水进行加热，水的温度逐渐升高，当流道中的水达到需要的温度时，用冷水将热水顶入到热水桶中储存起来，起到了双重利用太阳能的效果,真正地起到了节能减排的效果。 In summary, the present invention is a photovoltaic water heating device based on the thermoelectric cooling effect, which has a simple structure and is easy to operate. A thermoelectric cooling module and a sensor are installed on the back of the solar photovoltaic cell panel. When the thermoelectric cooling module is powered on, the solar photovoltaic cell will be taken away The high-temperature heat generated in the process reduces the temperature around the photovoltaic cell, improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, and prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic cell. At the same time, it converts solar energy into electricity to drive the thermoelectric cooling module. Cooling is carried out around the back of the photovoltaic panel, and the hot end will heat the cold water flowing in the flow channel, and the temperature of the water will gradually increase. When the water in the flow channel reaches the required temperature, the hot water will be pushed into the hot water bucket with cold water for storage. , It has played the effect of dual utilization of solar energy, and really played the effect of energy saving and emission reduction.
尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍，但应当认识到上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。在本领域技术人员阅读了上述内容后，对于本发明的多种修改和替代都将是显而易见的。因此，本发明的保护范围应由所附的权利要求来限定。 Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as limiting the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.
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