CN104993789A - Photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric cooling effect - Google Patents
Photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric cooling effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN104993789A CN104993789A CN201510421201.3A CN201510421201A CN104993789A CN 104993789 A CN104993789 A CN 104993789A CN 201510421201 A CN201510421201 A CN 201510421201A CN 104993789 A CN104993789 A CN 104993789A
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- water
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- cell panel
- photovoltaic cell
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
- H01L31/0521—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic water heating device based on a thermoelectric cooling effect. The photovoltaic water heating device comprises a fixing support, a solar photovoltaic cell panel arranged on the fixing support, a thermoelectricity water flow component installed on the back side of the solar photovoltaic cell panel, an accumulator control component connected with the solar photovoltaic cell panel; a monitoring switch change-over controller connected with the solar photovoltaic cell panel and the accumulator control component. The photovoltaic water heating device is simple in structure and convenient to use; the photovoltaic water heating device can reduce the ambient temperature of photovoltaic cells, improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cells, and prolong the service life of the photovoltaic cells; the photovoltaic water heating device heats cold water flowing in a flow channel and the temperature of the water rises gradually; when the water in the flow channel is heated to the desired temperature, the cold water pushes the hot water into a hot water bucket for storage; the photovoltaic water heating device achieves the effect of dual utilization of solar energy and achieves the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction in the true sense.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a photovoltaic water heating device, in particular to a photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric refrigeration effect.
Background
The solar photovoltaic cell is a device for directly converting light energy into electric energy through a photoelectric effect, provides electric drive for electric equipment such as street lamps and motors, and can also directly heat hot water and drive the thermoelectric refrigeration module to refrigerate by using the electric power generated by the photovoltaic cell.
The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the existing single crystal silicon solar cell is about 17%, and the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency can reach 24%, which is the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency of all kinds of solar cells at present.
The power generation efficiency of the crystalline silicon solar cell depends on the working temperature, the lower the temperature is, the higher the working efficiency is, and the output power is reduced by 0.4-0.5% when the temperature is increased by 1 ℃. More than 80% of energy on the surface of the crystalline silicon cell is converted into heat and is not utilized, so that the working temperature of the solar cell can reach more than 50 ℃, even 80 ℃ when the heat dissipation is poor, and the working efficiency of the solar cell can be seriously influenced. For example, in summer, the temperature of the solar photovoltaic cell panel can reach more than 60 ℃, and the actual situation is also the same. Therefore, the efficiency of the solar photovoltaic cell panel can be improved only by configuring a refrigeration system.
The spontaneous combustion phenomenon of the solar photovoltaic cell panel is easily caused when the ambient temperature is too high or the ambient convection heat transfer is weak. Therefore, the solar photovoltaic cell panel must be provided with a refrigeration system to ensure that the solar photovoltaic cell panel can work safely.
The traditional solar water heater collects heat through the heat collector and then increases the temperature of domestic water through heat convection, but has a problem that the working efficiency of the traditional solar water heater is reduced in cloudy days.
The invention discloses a solar energy utilization device which can improve the solar energy utilization rate and ensure the safety, is urgently needed, and has important significance for relieving the energy pressure of China and reducing the environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photovoltaic hot water device based on thermoelectric refrigeration effect, which has simple structure and convenient operation, the back of the solar photovoltaic cell panel is provided with the thermoelectric refrigeration module and the sensor, the thermoelectric refrigeration module takes away high-temperature heat generated in the working process of the solar photovoltaic cell when being electrified, reduces the temperature around the photovoltaic cell, improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic cell, meanwhile, the solar energy is converted into electric power to drive the thermoelectric refrigeration module, the cold end of the thermoelectric refrigeration module refrigerates the periphery of the back of the solar photovoltaic cell panel, the hot end heats cold water flowing in the flow passage, the temperature of the water is gradually increased, when the water in the flow channel reaches the required temperature, the cold water is used for ejecting the hot water into the hot water barrel for storage, the effect of double utilization of solar energy is achieved, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are really achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric refrigeration effect is characterized by comprising:
fixing a bracket;
the solar photovoltaic cell panel is arranged on the fixed bracket;
the thermoelectric water flow component is arranged on the back surface of the solar photovoltaic cell panel;
the storage battery control assembly is connected with the solar photovoltaic cell panel;
and the monitoring switch conversion controller is connected with the solar photovoltaic cell panel and the storage battery control assembly.
The thermoelectric water flow component comprises:
the water flow channel is distributed on the back surface of the solar photovoltaic cell panel;
the thermoelectric refrigeration module is arranged between the solar photovoltaic cell panel and the water flow channel; wherein,
the cold end face of the thermoelectric refrigeration module is attached to the back face of the solar photovoltaic cell panel, and the hot end face of the thermoelectric refrigeration module is attached to the water flow channel;
and the water inlet of the auxiliary heating water tank is connected with the outlet of the water flow channel and is connected with the mains supply interface, and the auxiliary heating water tank is electrified through the mains supply.
The battery control assembly comprises:
a solar controller;
and the storage battery is connected with the solar photovoltaic cell panel through the solar controller.
The monitoring switch conversion controller is connected with the solar photovoltaic cell panel, the solar controller, the thermoelectric refrigeration module and the auxiliary heating water tank.
When the monitoring switch conversion controller detects that the temperature of the back face of the solar photovoltaic cell panel is lower than a preset value, the water in the water flow channel is controlled to flow into the auxiliary heating water tank, and meanwhile, the power supply of the thermoelectric refrigeration module is disconnected and the auxiliary heating water tank is controlled to be powered on.
The hot end surface of the thermoelectric refrigeration module is a heat conduction insulating layer, and the cold end surface of the thermoelectric refrigeration module is a thermopile; and a plurality of copper connecting sheets are connected between the heat-conducting insulating layer and the thermopile.
The water flow channel is composed of a plurality of flow channel channels.
The solar photovoltaic cell panel is a monocrystalline silicon solar cell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the high-efficiency photovoltaic water heating device based on the thermoelectric refrigeration effect has the characteristics of simple structure and convenience in operation, the thermoelectric refrigeration module is arranged on the back surface of the solar photovoltaic cell panel, and when the thermoelectric refrigeration module is electrified, high-temperature heat generated in the working process of the solar photovoltaic cell is taken away, so that the temperature around the photovoltaic cell is reduced, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell is improved, the service life of the photovoltaic cell is prolonged, and the safe working of the photovoltaic cell is ensured;
2. the thermoelectric refrigeration module can enhance the air flow around the photovoltaic panel in the process of refrigerating the solar photovoltaic panel and is beneficial to the air convection heat transfer of the front side of the photovoltaic panel, so that the temperature difference between the front side and the back side of the solar photovoltaic panel is not very large, and the service life of the photovoltaic cell is prolonged;
3. the solar energy is converted into electric power to drive the thermoelectric refrigeration module, the cold end of the thermoelectric refrigeration module refrigerates the periphery of the back of the solar photovoltaic cell panel, the hot end heats cold water flowing in the runner, the temperature of the water gradually rises, when the water in the runner reaches the required temperature, the cold water is used for ejecting the hot water into the hot water barrel for storage, the effect of double utilization of the solar energy is achieved, in combination with other power source schemes, the external commercial power is used as supplementary energy, and under the condition that the solar energy and the electric power are insufficient, the two jointly form a hybrid power system, the energy required by the hot water device is provided, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are really achieved;
4. the solar photovoltaic cell is a monocrystalline silicon solar cell, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is high;
5. when the temperature of the back surface of the solar photovoltaic cell panel reaches a certain set temperature value, the thermoelectric refrigeration module operates, and when the temperature is not reached, the solar storage battery provides required energy for the auxiliary heating equipment.
6. The water flow channel is composed of a plurality of channel channels, and the design is favorable for enhancing the heat convection of the water flow side.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic hot water device based on thermoelectric cooling effect according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of thermoelectric cooling module distribution of a photovoltaic water heater based on thermoelectric cooling effect according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of water flow channels and water inlet and outlet pipes of a photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric cooling effect according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermoelectric cooling module of a photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric cooling effect according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit connection diagram of a photovoltaic hot water device based on thermoelectric cooling effect according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be further described by way of the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a photovoltaic water heater based on thermoelectric refrigeration effect is characterized by comprising: a fixed bracket 6; the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1 is arranged on the fixed bracket 6; the thermoelectric water flow component is arranged on the back surface of the solar photovoltaic cell panel; the storage battery control assembly is connected with the solar photovoltaic cell panel; and the monitoring switch conversion controller 5 (the model of the monitoring switch conversion controller is HC 900) is connected with the solar photovoltaic cell panel and the storage battery control assembly.
The thermoelectric water flow assembly comprises: the water flow channel 10 is distributed on the back surface of the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1; the thermoelectric refrigeration module 9 is arranged between the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1 and the water flow channel 10; the cold end face of the thermoelectric refrigeration module is attached to the back face of the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1, and the hot end face of the thermoelectric refrigeration module is attached to the water flow channel 10; and the water inlet of the auxiliary heating water tank 4 is connected with the outlet of the water flow channel 10 and is connected with a mains supply interface, and the auxiliary heating water tank 4 is electrified through a mains supply.
The battery control module described above includes: solar controller 2 (solar controller model CM 2024); and the storage battery 3 is connected with the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1 through the solar controller 2.
In a specific embodiment, the monitoring switch conversion controller 5 is connected to the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1, the solar controller 2, the thermoelectric cooling module 9 and the auxiliary heating water tank 4.
When the monitoring switch conversion controller 5 detects that the temperature of the back face of the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1 is lower than a preset value, the water in the water flow channel 10 is controlled to flow into the auxiliary heating water tank 4, and meanwhile, the power supply of the thermoelectric refrigeration module 9 is disconnected and the auxiliary heating water tank 4 is controlled to be powered on.
As shown in fig. 4, the hot end surface of the thermoelectric refrigeration module 9 is a heat conducting insulating layer 903, and the cold end surface of the thermoelectric refrigeration module 9 is a thermopile 901; a plurality of copper connecting sheets 902 are connected between the heat conducting insulating layer 903 and the thermopile 901, and heat is transferred to water in the runner channel 1001 by the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1 through the thermoelectric refrigeration module 9.
The water flow passage 10 is composed of a plurality of flow passage channels 1001 (see fig. 4), to which an outlet pipe 12 is connected and an inlet pipe 11 is connected.
In a specific embodiment, the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1 is a single crystal silicon solar cell.
The working principle and the process of the photovoltaic water heating device based on the thermoelectric refrigeration effect are as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 5, under the irradiation of sunlight, the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1 directly converts light energy into electric energy through a photoelectric effect, unstable electric energy is transmitted to the solar controller 2 through the lead 7 and is stably stored in the storage battery 3, stable electric energy passes through the solar controller 2, under the control of the monitoring switch conversion controller 5, current is distributed to the thermoelectric refrigeration module 9 to drive the thermoelectric refrigeration module 9 to work, the cold end of the thermoelectric refrigeration module 9 refrigerates the periphery of the back of the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1, the hot end heats cold water flowing through the flow channel 1001, so that the temperature around the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1 is reduced, meanwhile, the temperature of water in the flow channel 101 gradually rises, and when the water in the flow channel 10 reaches a required temperature, the cold water pushes the hot water into a hot water barrel to be stored. When the monitoring switch conversion controller 5 detects that the temperature of the back surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 is lower than a certain set value, the water in the control water flow channel 10 flows into the auxiliary heating water tank 4 through the hot water pipe 8, and simultaneously, the circuit leading to the thermoelectric refrigeration module 9 is automatically disconnected to open the circuit leading to the auxiliary heating water tank 4, so that the water in the auxiliary heating water tank 4 is heated. When the electric quantity in the storage battery 3 is insufficient, the monitoring switch conversion controller 5 automatically controls the connection of the commercial power supply interface to provide the energy required by the heating hot water in the auxiliary heating water tank 4, and the heating process of the domestic hot water is completed.
In conclusion, the photovoltaic water heating device based on the thermoelectric refrigeration effect has simple structure and convenient operation, the back of the solar photovoltaic cell panel is provided with the thermoelectric refrigeration module and the sensor, the thermoelectric refrigeration module takes away high-temperature heat generated in the working process of the solar photovoltaic cell when being electrified, reduces the temperature around the photovoltaic cell, improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic cell, meanwhile, the solar energy is converted into electric power to drive the thermoelectric refrigeration module, the cold end of the thermoelectric refrigeration module refrigerates the periphery of the back of the solar photovoltaic cell panel, the hot end heats cold water flowing in the flow passage, the temperature of the water is gradually increased, when the water in the flow channel reaches the required temperature, the cold water is used for ejecting the hot water into the hot water barrel for storage, the effect of double utilization of solar energy is achieved, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are really achieved.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A photovoltaic water heating apparatus based on thermoelectric cooling effect, comprising:
fixing a bracket;
the solar photovoltaic cell panel is arranged on the fixed bracket;
the thermoelectric water flow component is arranged on the back surface of the solar photovoltaic cell panel;
the storage battery control assembly is connected with the solar photovoltaic cell panel;
and the monitoring switch conversion controller is connected with the solar photovoltaic cell panel and the storage battery control assembly.
2. The photovoltaic water heating apparatus based on thermoelectric cooling effect according to claim 1, wherein the thermoelectric water flow module comprises:
the water flow channel is distributed on the back surface of the solar photovoltaic cell panel;
the thermoelectric refrigeration module is arranged between the solar photovoltaic cell panel and the water flow channel; wherein,
the cold end face of the thermoelectric refrigeration module is attached to the back face of the solar photovoltaic cell panel, and the hot end face of the thermoelectric refrigeration module is attached to the water flow channel;
and the water inlet of the auxiliary heating water tank is connected with the outlet of the water flow channel and is connected with the mains supply interface, and the auxiliary heating water tank is electrified through the mains supply.
3. The photovoltaic water heating apparatus based on thermoelectric cooling effect as claimed in claim 2, wherein the battery control module comprises:
a solar controller;
and the storage battery is connected with the solar photovoltaic cell panel through the solar controller.
4. The photovoltaic water heating apparatus based on thermoelectric cooling effect as claimed in claim 3, wherein the monitor switch converting controller is connected with the solar photovoltaic panel, the solar controller, the thermoelectric cooling module and the auxiliary heating water tank.
5. The photovoltaic hot water apparatus based on thermoelectric cooling effect as claimed in claim 4, wherein when the monitor switch conversion controller detects that the temperature of the back side of the solar photovoltaic panel is lower than a preset value, the monitor switch conversion controller controls the water flowing through the water flow channel to flow into the auxiliary heating water tank, and simultaneously the power supply of the thermoelectric cooling module is cut off and the auxiliary heating water tank is controlled to be powered on.
6. The photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric cooling effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hot end face of the thermoelectric cooling module is a heat conducting and insulating layer, and the cold end face of the thermoelectric cooling module is a thermopile; and a plurality of copper connecting sheets are connected between the heat-conducting insulating layer and the thermopile.
7. The photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric cooling effect as claimed in claim 2, wherein the water flow channel is composed of a plurality of flow channels.
8. The photovoltaic water heating apparatus based on thermoelectric cooling effect according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the solar photovoltaic panel is a single crystalline silicon solar cell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510421201.3A CN104993789A (en) | 2015-07-17 | 2015-07-17 | Photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric cooling effect |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510421201.3A CN104993789A (en) | 2015-07-17 | 2015-07-17 | Photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric cooling effect |
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| CN104993789A true CN104993789A (en) | 2015-10-21 |
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| CN201510421201.3A Pending CN104993789A (en) | 2015-07-17 | 2015-07-17 | Photovoltaic water heating device based on thermoelectric cooling effect |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105978449A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-09-28 | 盎迈智能科技（上海）有限公司 | Modular self-adaptive photovoltaic power generation device |
| CN109620021A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-16 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of shared bathroom fixtures and application method |
| CN113517855A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-10-19 | 深圳市人居大健康科技有限公司 | Solar hot water power generation washs integrative photovoltaic module |
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| CN104135229A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2014-11-05 | 大盛微电科技股份有限公司 | Solar cogeneration system |
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2015
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| US20080251125A1 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-10-16 | Asustek Computer Inc. | Photoelectric conversion structure and temperature control system using the same |
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| CN105978449A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-09-28 | 盎迈智能科技（上海）有限公司 | Modular self-adaptive photovoltaic power generation device |
| CN109620021A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-16 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of shared bathroom fixtures and application method |
| CN113517855A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-10-19 | 深圳市人居大健康科技有限公司 | Solar hot water power generation washs integrative photovoltaic module |
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