A kind of solar condensing power generation device of active heat removal
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar energy concentration generating field, refer to a kind of solar condensing power generation device that can carry out active heat removal especially concentrator cell.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, in the existing solar condensing power generation device, concentrating generation device often comprises a collector lens, and collector lens generally adopts plane Fresnel Lenses 1, and sunlight is carried out the secondary condensation prism 2 of secondary condensation, concentrator cell 3.The optically focused of secondary condensation prism 2 projects on the concentrator cell 3, thereby makes concentrator cell 3 produce opto-electronic conversion, thereby generates electricity.But adopt secondary condensation prism 2 once more during optically focused, concentrator cell 3 surfaces can produce high temperature, temperature is generally 200 degree, be unfavorable for that thereby concentrator cell 3 carries out photoelectricity and transforms and influence the efficient that photoelectricity transforms, the dispel the heat temperature of reduction concentrator cell 3 of a radiator 4 be set below concentrator cell 3 thereby therefore often adopt.What but such radiating mode adopted is passive radiating mode, often is difficult to reduce at short notice the surface temperature of concentrator cell, thereby influences the photoelectric conversion efficiency of concentrator cell.
It is the thermoelectric effect of utilizing semi-conducting material-be that Peltier effect is realized refrigeration that conductor refrigeration is also named thermoelectric (al) cooling: as shown in Figure 2, two kinds of semi-conducting materials of opposed polarity (P type, N type), it is right to be connected into galvanic couple, and galvanic couple is to the transfer of energy just takes place by direct current the time; Electric current just absorbs heat when flowing to P type element by N type element, and this end face is a huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles), just emits heat when electric current flows to N type element by P type element, and this end face is a hot side.Can add DC power supply at the cooling piece two ends like this, just can realize the heat of huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) constantly is transferred to hot side, thereby make huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) keep certain low temperature.
The urgent hope in this area can be designed a kind of more perfect active heat removal mode, thereby can make solar cell surface keep suitable temperature, thereby improves the efficient of opto-electronic conversion.
Summary of the invention
The solar condensing power generation device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of active heat removal, this concentrating generation device is provided with the semiconductor cooling piece below concentrator cell, heat transfer effect by semiconductor chilling plate with the heat delivered of concentrator cell to hot side, thereby the radiating effect that strengthens concentrator cell improves the electricity conversion of solar cell.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of solar condensing power generation device of active heat removal, the solar tracking tracking mounting system that comprises a plurality of solar energy concentration generating modules and described solar energy concentration generating module is installed, described solar energy concentration generating module comprises a plurality of solar energy concentration generatings unit that is arranged, described solar energy concentration generating unit comprises a collector lens, and one is arranged on the concentrator cell in described collector lens optically focused zone; Described concentrator cell below is provided with the semiconductor cooling piece, and the huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) of described semiconductor chilling plate and described concentrator cell fit tightly, and outwards output electric energy of back is connected in series between described each concentrator cell.
Further, collector lens described in the patent device is a topping curved surface condensing lens, described topping curved surface condensing lens is cut top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses by a planar lens and and is formed, described to cut top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses be the curved surface cone-shaped, and described planar lens is adhesively fixed on the described zone, top of cutting of cutting top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses and forms topping curved surface condensing lens.
Further, planar lens described in the patent device is meant the plane Fresnel Lenses.
Further, the unit of solar energy concentration generating described in the patent device also is provided with a secondary condensation prism that is used for the emergent light of described topping curved surface condensing lens is carried out secondary condensation.
Further, solar tracking described in the patent device is followed the tracks of mounting system and is comprised that one is used to install the support installed surface of described solar energy concentration generating module, described support installed surface is installed on the vertical columns, described support installed surface is provided with a sun light intensity sensor, described column is provided with adjusting mechanism and the controlling organization that is used to adjust described support installed surface, thereby described controlling organization is adjusted described support installed surface according to the described adjusting mechanism of the signal controlling of described sun light intensity sensor and rotated and guarantee that described support installed surface faces the sun all the time.
Further, adjusting mechanism described in the patent device comprises a vertical adjusting mechanism and a horizontal adjusting mechanism, described vertical adjusting mechanism comprises that one is arranged on the gear on the described support installed surface, and one is arranged on the motor on the described column, the spiral shaft of described motor and gears engaged; Described horizontal adjusting mechanism comprises that one is set in the dwang that can center on described column rotation on the described column, and one is installed in the motor of described dwang one end, and the other end of described dwang is connected on the described support installed surface.
Further, concentrator cell described in the patent device is an III-V family more piece solar cell.
Further, concentrator cell described in the patent device is a gallium arsenide solar cell.
Further, the heat-absorbent surface of the hot side of semiconductor chilling plate described in the patent device and a heat collector fits tightly.
The solar condensing power generation device working method of this patent mainly is that sunlight is converged to sunlight on the secondary condensation prism through topping curved surface condensing lens, process secondary condensation prism is the sunlight homogenizing after converging, shine directly on the gallium arsenide solar cell then, solar cell generation photovoltaic effect produces direct current energy; Simultaneously, below solar cell, be provided with semiconductor chilling plate, because semiconductor refrigerating need guarantee the temperature gradient of semi-conducting material, hot side must guarantee heat radiation like this, being about to the heat that huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) is transmitted to hot side can constantly distribute, could guarantee refrigeration, the air-cooled mode of general employing is dispelled the heat, heat radiation for the hot side that guarantees semiconductor chilling plate, at hot side one heat collector is set, take away by the heat that heat collector is come the huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) conduction, so just can accelerate heat transferred, reduce the surface temperature of solar cell rapidly, thereby improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell, the heat of the huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) conduction of semiconductor chilling plate being come by heat collector fully utilizes simultaneously, as is used for hot water etc.
The effect of this patent is:
(1) all the time, Salar light-gathering lens in the solar condensing power generation device mainly adopt the plane Fresnel Lenses to carry out optically focused, though having awared the plane Fresnel Lenses, industry has shortcomings such as chromatic dispersion, total reflection, light concentrating times be restricted, but can't find improved way always, though and the curved surface Fresnel Lenses has the good optical transmission effects, but its curve form has then proposed higher difficulty to manufacturing, adopt methods such as traditional mold, punching press, manufacture difficulty is big, therefore the cost height is difficult to large-scale promotion.This patent combines plane Fresnel Lenses and curved surface Fresnel Lenses cleverly, the effective advantage of the advantage that manufacturing is simple and convenient, cost is low and the optical transmission of curved surface Fresnel Lenses of face Fresnel Lenses or convex lens of making even combines, the problem of having evaded curved surface Fresnel Lenses manufacture difficulty and cost cleverly, thus the collector lens that a kind of spotlight effect is better, cost is more excellent provided for the Salar light-gathering lens.
Particularly, cut top hollow curved surface condensing lens, avoided the demoulding difficult problem that top curve surface is brought in the curved surface Fresnel Lenses manufacturing process, form one then with cutting the identical plane Fresnel Lenses of top area size, the processing of this plane Fresnel Lenses is simple and convenient, and technology is also very ripe.At last the two is adhesively fixed together, has just formed the topping curved surface condensing lens of this patent.Certainly the plane Fresnel Lenses also can replace with convex lens or other planar lens.When top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses is cut in making, can adopt the one-time formed method of mold, also can adopt the mode of in cutting top hollow curved surface cone, pasting lens blooming to make.The solar condensing power generation device of this patent can significantly improve electricity conversion than the solar condensing power generation device of available technology adopting plane Fresnel Lenses, particularly can reduce the mounting system of the required precision high concentration solar system follows the tracks of to(for) solar tracking.
(2) this patent is with in the conventional art, the radiator that is arranged on the solar cell below replaces with semiconductor chilling plate, heat collector, make the surperficial heat of solar cell can be transmitted to the hot side of semiconductor chilling plate rapidly by semiconductor chilling plate, by heat collector heat is fully utilized again, active heat removal by semiconductor chilling plate, solar cell surface is remained within certain temperature range, thereby improved the efficient of solar cell photoelectric conversion.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the work schematic diagram of the solar condensing power generation device of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the operation principle schematic diagram of semiconductor chilling plate;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of semiconductor chilling plate;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of topping curved surface condensing lens among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is first kind of structural representation of topping curved surface condensing lens among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is second kind of structural representation of topping curved surface condensing lens among the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the backsight structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the side-looking structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of solar energy concentration generating module of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of solar energy concentration generating of the present invention unit;
Figure 11 is a collector structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
The drawing reference numeral explanation:
1-plane Fresnel Lenses 2-secondary condensation prism 3-solar cell 40-fin
41-semiconductor chilling plate 42-hot side 43-P N-type semiconductor N 44-N N-type semiconductor N
Mounting system 51-vertical columns is followed the tracks of in 45-huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) 46-electric connection line 5-solar tracking
The vertical adjusting mechanism of 52-sun light intensity sensor 53-support installed surface 54-
55-horizontal adjusting mechanism 6-solar energy concentration generating unit 61-topping curved surface condensing lens
62-cuts top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses 63-and cuts regional 64-plane, top Fresnel Lenses
65-convex lens 7-solar energy concentration generating module 21-fixing base 31-fixing base
8-heat collector 81-heat-sink shell 82-thermal insulation layer 83-water 84-water inlet
The 85-delivery port
Embodiment
Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
As Fig. 7 is the backsight structural representation of apparatus of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is the side-looking structural representation of apparatus of the present invention; A kind of solar condensing power generation device of active heat removal, the solar tracking tracking mounting system 5 that comprises a plurality of solar energy concentration generating modules 7 and solar energy concentration generating module 7 is installed, solar energy concentration generating module 7 comprises a plurality of solar energy concentration generatings unit 6 (referring to Fig. 9) that is arranged, as the structural representation of Figure 10 for solar energy concentration generating of the present invention unit; Be illustrated in figure 3 as the structural representation of semiconductor chilling plate; Solar energy concentration generating unit 6 comprises that the concentrator cell that a topping curved surface condensing lens 61, is arranged on topping curved surface condensing lens 61 optically focused zones is a solar cell 3; Collector lens 61 belows are provided with a secondary condensation prism 2 that is used for the emergent light of topping curved surface condensing lens 61 is carried out secondary condensation, and solar cell 3 belows are provided with semiconductor cooling piece 41.The concrete structure of semiconductor chilling plate 41 is served as reasons, and how the group semi-conducting materials are formed refrigerators, wherein P type semiconductor 43 is serially connected successively with N type semiconductor 44, the two ends of semi-conducting material are respectively equipped with hot side 42 and huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) 45, being provided with two electric connection lines 46 on the huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) 45 directly is connected with DC power supply, semiconductor chilling plate 41 can directly adopt commercially available various finished products, such as the semiconductor chilling plate of the TEC1-TES1 model of the semiconductor chilling plate of the various models of Anyang, Henan Province sunlight science and education limited energy company production or the production of Changshan County ten thousand paddy electronics technology Co., Ltds.During concrete the use, the huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) 45 and the solar cell 3 of semiconductor chilling plate 41 fitted tightly, the hot side 42 of semiconductor chilling plate 41 and the heat-sink shell 81 of a heat collector 8 fit tightly; The outwards output electric energy of back that is connected in series between each concentrator cell, electric energy can for from net be incorporated into the power networks use.Concentrator cell is an III-V family more piece solar cell 3, as: InGaP, tellurium chromium, GaAs etc., preferred gallium arsenide solar cell.Secondary condensation prism 2 is fixed in the solar energy concentration generating unit 6 by a fixing base 21, and same, solar cell 3 is fixed on another fixing base 31.
As shown in figure 11, heat collector 8 is provided with a heat-sink shell 81, thermal insulation layer 82, heat-sink shell 81 is close together with the low temperature face of semiconductor chilling plate 41, thermal insulation layer 82 surrounds a confined space with heat collector 8, be provided with the heat transfer medium that circulates in the confined space, as water 83 etc., heat collector 8 is provided with a water inlet 84, a delivery port 85, heat-sink shell 81 is transmitted to the heat of the hot side of semiconductor chilling plate 41 in the heat transfer medium like this, by constantly circulating of heat transfer medium, thereby the heat of solar cell 3 is constantly taken out of, the heat that heat transfer medium is taken out of can make full use of, as hot water service etc.
As Fig. 4~shown in Figure 6, topping curved surface condensing lens 61 in this patent is cut top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses 62 by a planar lens and and is formed, cut top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses 62 and be the curved surface cone-shaped, planar lens is adhesively fixed on the zone, top 63 of cutting of cutting top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses 62 and forms topping curved surface condensing lens 61.
In this patent: planar lens is meant: the beam projecting face or the plane of incidence are the lens on plane.
As an embodiment of this patent, planar lens is a plane Fresnel Lenses 64.As another embodiment of this patent, planar lens is convex lens 65.In order to guarantee the transmission effects of whole lens, the area of planar lens is less than 35% of topping curved surface condensing lens 61 effective light-receiving areas.
In this patent, the manufacture method of topping curved surface condensing lens 61, make according to following steps:
At first moldings formed therefrom forms one and cuts top hollow curved surface cone, and cutting the zone, top is a border circular areas;
In cutting top hollow curved surface cone, paste lens blooming formation then and cut top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses 62;
Once more moldings formed therefrom form one with the plane Fresnel Lenses 64 of cutting the regional 63 identical sizes in top;
The top zone 63 of cutting of cutting top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses 62 that at last plane Fresnel Lenses 64 is adhesively fixed forms topping curved surface condensing lens 61.
Paste lens blooming be meant with lens blooming according to the curved surface Fresnel Lenses each " tooth " and the different correspondences of refractive index, refraction angle paste and cut in the hollow curved surface cone of top, the lens blooming that lens blooming can select Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company to produce, the mode by this stickup can produce the effect the same with punch forming.
As Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, solar tracking is followed the tracks of mounting system 5 and is comprised that one is used to install the support installed surface 53 of solar energy concentration generating module 7, support installed surface 53 is installed on the vertical columns 51, support installed surface 53 is provided with a sun light intensity sensor 52, column 51 is provided with adjusting mechanism and the controlling organization that is used to adjust support installed surface 53, adjusting mechanism is meant a vertical adjusting mechanism 54 and a horizontal adjusting mechanism 55, vertical adjusting mechanism 54 comprises that one is arranged on the gear on the support installed surface 53, one is arranged on the motor on the column 51, the spiral shaft of motor and gears engaged; Horizontal adjusting mechanism 55 comprises that one is set in the dwang that can center on column 51 rotations on the column 51, and one is installed in the motor of dwang one end, and the other end of dwang is connected on the support installed surface 53.Thereby controlling organization guarantees that according to the signal level control adjusting mechanism 55 and 53 rotations of vertical adjusting mechanism 54 adjustment support installed surfaces of sun light intensity sensor 52 support installed surfaces 53 face the sun all the time.
During concrete the installation, at first on the ground with column 51 vertical fixing; Vertical adjusting mechanism 54 is adjusted the elevation angle of support installed surface 53, and horizontal adjusting mechanism 55 is adjusted the azimuth of support installed surface 53; Sun light intensity sensor 52 detects sun angle in real time, and controlling organization is adjusted horizontal adjusting mechanism 55 and vertical adjusting mechanism 54 according to sun light intensity sensor 52 detected sun angles, makes the upper surface of sunlight vertical irradiation to solar energy concentration generating module 7.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that, above-mentioned embodiment is exemplary, be in order better to make those skilled in the art can understand this patent, can not be interpreted as it is the restriction that this patent is comprised scope, so long as according to spirit that this patent discloses done anyly be equal to change or modify, all fall into the scope that this patent comprises.